TR1109

Requirements Classification: Internal
TR1109 - Field joint coatings and external coating of bends, spools and
miscellaneous components
Process area: Project development (PD)
Owner: Stein Olsen
Author: Sidsel Widerøe
Revision no: 4.01
Revision date: 07/06/2017
System:
Competence: Materials technology
Validity area: Heidrun;Gullfaks A;Gullfaks B;Gullfaks C;Gudrun;Grane
Printed: 18/03/2022 11:02:38

Requirements: Field joint coatings and external coating of bends, spools and Classification: Internal
1 Objective, target group and provision .............................................................................................................................3

1.1 Objective.........................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Target group ...................................................................................................................................................3
1.3 Provision .........................................................................................................................................................3
2 General requirements........................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Functional requirements .................................................................................................................................3
2.3 Health and safety requirements......................................................................................................................4
3 Field joint coatings ............................................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Field joint coating concepts ............................................................................................................................4
3.2 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 5.2 “Compliance to standard” ..................................................................5
3.3 Additional ISO 21809-3 clause 5.3 “End user approval”.................................................................................5
3.4 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.1 “Application procedure specification (APS)” ......................................6
3.5 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.3 “Procedure qualification trial (PQT)” ..................................................6
3.6 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.4 “Pre-production trial (PPT)” ...............................................................6
3.7 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.6 “Production testing and inspection” ...................................................6
3.8 Installation.......................................................................................................................................................7
3.9 Insulation properties .......................................................................................................................................7
3.10 Impact and trawl interaction testing ..............................................................................................................7
3.11 Shear strength tests for insulated pipes .......................................................................................................8
3.12 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.2 “Abrasive blast cleaning” ...........................................................8
3.13 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.3 “Wire-brush cleaning” ................................................................9
3.14 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.2 “Application of the coating” ..............................................................9
3.15 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.3 “Visual inspection of the applied coating” ........................................9
3.16 Heat shrinkable sleeves................................................................................................................................9
3.17 Fusion-bonded epoxy coatings...................................................................................................................10
3.18 Polyolefin-based coatings...........................................................................................................................11
3.19 Rubber coatings..........................................................................................................................................12
3.20 Thermal insulation ......................................................................................................................................13
3.21 Infill materials and application.....................................................................................................................13
4 External coating of bends, spools and miscellaneous components..........................................................................14
4.1 Coating concepts ..........................................................................................................................................14
4.2 Material Properties........................................................................................................................................15
4.3 Coating Application.......................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Polyolefin-based coatings.............................................................................................................................16
4.5 Rubber coatings............................................................................................................................................16
4.6 Coating cutback ............................................................................................................................................16
4.7 Procedure qualification trial (PQT)................................................................................................................17
4.8 Inspection and testing during production ......................................................................................................17
5 Handling and storage ......................................................................................................................................................18
6 Pipe numbering/pipe tracking ........................................................................................................................................19
7 Documentation.................................................................................................................................................................19
8 Additional information ....................................................................................................................................................19
8.1 Definitions and abbreviations........................................................................................................................19
8.2 Changes from previous version ....................................................................................................................20
8.3 References ...................................................................................................................................................20
9 App A - Trawl board scraping test - Normative ...........................................................................................................21
9.1 Coating scraping: Testing .............................................................................................................................21
9.2 Equipment.....................................................................................................................................................21
9.3 Procedure .....................................................................................................................................................22
9.4 Coating scraping: Acceptance criteria ..........................................................................................................22
Project development (PD), Technical and professional requirements (TR), TR1109, 4.01, published 07/06/2017
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This document and its content is for authorized company use only.
1 Objective, target group and provision
1.1 Objective
This document specifies requirements for external corrosion protection and thermal insulation coating for
pipeline field joints, risers, bends, spools and miscellaneous components. It also covers field joint infill
compounds for concrete coated pipelines.
SR-25534 - This document shall be used for both onshore and offshore pipelines, and for all field joint
coatings.
1.2 Target group

The target group for this document is personnel involved in project planning and project execution where
field joint coating of pipelines and external coating of bends, spools and components is required.
1.3 Provision
Provision is made in Equinor Management System (TR3100 Material Technology, technical requirement
and standards).
2 General requirements
2.1 Introduction
This document is founded on the requirements in TR1221, TR1222, ISO 21809-3 and ISO EN 12736. The
document provides additional requirements, requirements to selection of options, and specification of
which requirements in these documents that are applicable.
SR-25542 - All procedure qualifications and other production tests described in this document shall be
subject to witness by Company, and at least two weeks’ notice of the day and location of such tests shall
be given.
SR-25543 - Company reserves the rights to inspect materials, equipment, test facilities and manufacturing
at any stage and to reject any part, which does not comply with the requirements given in this document.
2.2 Functional requirements

SR-25545 - The coatings shall satisfy the functional requirements specified for the line pipe factory applied
coating.
SR-25546 - For thermally insulated pipes, the field joint and other coatings shall be designed to provide a
specified maximum overall heat transfer coefficient, U. The U-value shall be referred to the inner steel
surface of an unburied pipe.
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SR-32003 - The insulation capacity (U-value) at the end of the pipe’s life time shall not exceed the value
specified in the design.
SR-25547 - Changes with relevance for the performance of the coating system during the life time shall be
documented. This shall as a minimum include;
• Dimensional changes due to restrained compression creep (tri-axial)
• Changes in thermal conductivity due to corresponding changes in density
• Changes in thermal conductivity due to water absorption
• Temperature dependency of k-value
• Thermal degradation
SR-25548 - The functional properties of the coatings shall not be impaired by the installation process.
2.3 Health and safety requirements

SR-25550 - The coating system shall comply with both applicable health and safety regulations in the
country where the work is performed and with applicable project requirements. Furthermore, the coating
shall also comply with applicable environmental regulations both in the country where the coating is
performed and the country where the product is to be used.
SR-25551 - The toxicity of all materials, including filling materials, shall be established and due precaution
taken under their handling and processing.
3 Field joint coatings
3.1 Field joint coating concepts

SR-25554 - The field joint coating concepts and infill materials given in Table 1 shall be used. Code
designations for the different field joint coating types correspond to the codes used in ISO 21809-3.
SR-25555 - Operational factors along with the exact nature of the factory-applied line pipe coating shall be
taken into account under evaluation of field joint concepts for each application.
SR-25557 - Table 1: Field joint coating concepts

LINE PIPE COATING FIELD JOINT COATING 1) INFILL MATERIALS
Asphalt Enamel • 2A – Heat-shrink sleeve (3-5 mm). • Solid polyurethane +
(always with concrete gravel aggregate.
weight coating) • Solid Polyurethane.
Fusion Bonded Epoxy • 3A – FBE.

(FBE)
FBE and Alternatives: • Solid Polyurethane.

Polypropylene (PP) • 2C - PP Heat-shrink sleeve (3-5 • Solid polyurethane +
mm), gravel aggregate.
• 5A - Flame sprayed PP (3-5mm)
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• 5B - PP hot applied tape wrap

(1.8-2.5mm),
• 5C - Injection moulded PP (5-10
mm),
applied over FBE (3A).
Alternatives: • Solid Polyurethane.
FBE and Polyethylene • 2B - PE or 2C - PP Heat-shrink • Solid polyurethane +
(PE) sleeve (3-5 mm), gravel aggregate
• Injection moulded PE (5-10 mm),
• 5D - Flame sprayed PE (3-5mm),
• 5E - PE hot applied tape wrap
(1.8-2.5mm),
applied over FBE (3A).
Alternatives: • Half shells can only be
FBE and PP thermal • 5A - Flamed-sprayed PP (3-5 mm) used for field joint
insulation with PP half shells, coating applied
• 5C - Injection moulded PP onshore/offshore tie-inns
insulation built to required coating on reeled carbon steel
thickness and thermal insulation, pipelines.
• 5C - Injection moulded PP (>10 • Half shells can be
mm) with PP half shells, considered for other lay
applied over FBE (3A). methods offshore.
FBE and Solid cast polyurethane built to required Infill not applicable as field joint:
Polyurethane (PU) coating thickness and thermal insulation, Coating shall be built to required
thermal insulation applied over (3A). coating thickness.
Polychloroprene or 8A - Polychloroprene-based. • Polychloroprene.

polychloroprene/PP • Solid Polyurethane.
interface 2)
EPDM rubber 2) 8B – EPDM-based. EPDM based
Notes:
1. Heat-shrink sleeve and tape coating shall not be used for onshore (including land fall) and
insulated pipelines.
2. Interface issues PP/elastomer to be specified and qualified.
3.2 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 5.2 “Compliance to standard”

SR-25559 - Replace the last sentence with; “It shall be permissible for the purchaser and end user to
make any investigation necessary in order to be assured of compliance by the applicator and to reject any
material that does not comply.”
3.3 Additional ISO 21809-3 clause 5.3 “End user approval”

SR-25561 - Where purchaser agreement, approval or authorization is specified in ISO 21809-3, end user
approval is also required.
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3.4 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.1 “Application procedure specification (APS)”
SR-25563 - Replace the last paragraph with; “An APS proposal shall be prepared prior to the PQT and
updated to a final version based on the PQT results. The final version of the APS shall be approved prior
to the start of production. Once approved, the APS shall not be changed. The approved APS shall be used
to prepare the ITP.”
3.5 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.3 “Procedure qualification trial (PQT)”
SR-25565 - Replace the first sentence with; “The APS shall be qualified by a PQT.” Historical data may
form the basis for not performing parts of qualification of the coating system in agreement with Company
SR-25566 - Replace third paragraph with; “Qualification tests shall be carried out on actual project coated
pipes”. Historical data may form the basis for not performing parts of qualification of the coating system in
agreement with Company
SR-25567 - Add the following requirements:

• The qualification should be performed on all steel and coating dimensions. However, the testing
scope to be agreed prior to qualification start.
• A sufficient number of field joints (minimum 3) shall be applied in accordance with the coating
procedure to enable all of the specified testing to be completed. In order to verify the suitability of
the procedure, the test shall be performed: at the actual site/vessel where the field joint production
is to be carried out; by the same personnel who shall actually be engaged in the production; and
under conditions corresponding to those of the actual field joint coating production.
• Factory settings for production equipment, including temperatures, pressures and hold times shall
be established during the PQT.
• Following completion of testing, all samples shall be retained for future production reference.
• All tests shall be completed and documentation of full compliance with requirements shall be
presented at least 2 weeks prior to the planned commencement of the coating work.
SR-25568 - In cases where a coating system concept is subject to qualification, the following timescale
shall apply:
• All coating material and coating procedure qualification tests shall be completed at least 12 weeks
prior to the planned commencement of field joint coating production.
• The qualification report shall be presented for evaluation and approval, a minimum of 10 weeks
prior to commencement of coating production.
3.6 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.4 “Pre-production trial (PPT)”

SR-25570 - Replace the first line with; “A PPT shall be performed on site to verify the”
3.7 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.6 “Production testing and inspection”
SR-25572 - Add the following text: “On insulated pipes the outside diameter after coating shall be
measured on every 5th joint to verify the coating thickness. The tolerance on the outside diameter shall be
–0/+3mm, unless otherwise specified in the field joint coating design report. The coating thickness shall be
uniform around the pipes circumference.”
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3.8 Installation
SR-25574 - The field joint coating system shall be qualified to demonstrate that the specified laying
method does not impair its performance in any way. Three field joints shall be tested and successfully
pass the test criteria. The testing shall be performed during PQT.
SR-25575 - The test shall be performed as a full scale simulated reeling and/or laying test, the test pipe or
pipes shall encompass all actual field joint types used in the project. The reeling test shall be performed at
least 5 °C below minimum ambient temperature for reeling. No cracking of the field joint coating system is
allowed during the full-scale bending test. The field joints shall be dissected after the test and shall be free
of voids, internal cracking, internal disbondment and lack of bonding in the overlap area. The corrosion
coating shall pass a discontinuity (holiday) test after bending.
SR-25576 - Pipes with infill material shall be tested after application within the calculated time sequence
for the laying process. No cracking is allowed.
SR-25577 - The laying or bending test shall demonstrate the ability of the field joints to be able to pass
over the stinger/reel without damage. The bending radius shall be specified for each specific project.
SR-25578 - Logging of possible coating damage shall be performed during load-out (spooling) of the
pipeline onto the reel ship drum and during installation regardless of laying method.
SR-25579 - In the event that damage to, or cracking of, the coating occurs during reeling and laying of the
pipeline, these shall be repaired according to the qualified repair procedure. Repairs shall be logged and
included in the DFI.
3.9 Insulation properties

SR-25581 - The ability of the field joint coating to provide the required thermal insulation and corrosion
protection to the flowline for its design life at the specified operating conditions shall be documented in
compliance with TR1222. Such ageing tests shall cover aspects such as creep, water permeability and
compaction, and shall be related to conditions pertaining to the design application. The test method shall
be subject to agreedment. An accelerated ageing test may be used in accordance with ISO EN 12736.
The testing shall be performed during qualification of linepipe coating.
3.10 Impact and trawl interaction testing

SR-25583 - The coating, including the field joint coating, shall withstand impact from falling objects and/or
trawl boards.
SR-25584 - In areas with trawling frequency Low, Medium and High, the following qualification testing
shall be conducted:
• Ability to withstand impact from trawl boards shall be tested according to, and satisfy the
requirements of, DNV-RP-F111.
• Ability to withstand scraping and wear from trawl boards shall be tested according to Appendix A in
this document.
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SR-25585 - Impact testing specified for the factory coating shall also apply for the field joint coating. The
impact test for all S- and J-lay field joints shall be performed within 48 hours after application.
SR-25586 - The testing shall demonstrate that the field joint coating has sufficient impact resistance to
trawl loads and dropped objects, and satisfies the requirements specified for the factory coating. The
testing shall be performed as a part of the PQT. No cracking or damage to the field joint coating system is
allowed.
SR-25587 - After testing, any infill material shall be removed and the corrosion protection coating
investigated for evidence of damage that may have occurred during infill and testing.
3.11 Shear strength tests for insulated pipes

SR-25589 - The cohesion of the field joint coating layer and the shear strength within the layer shall be
tested by means of shear tests on fully field joint coated pipe sections in compliance with TR1222. These
tests shall verify the coating’s ability to withstand force acting in the longitudinal direction of the pipe during
installation and operation (e.g. pipe expansion forces). The test shall be performed at 20 ± 5 °C and the
maximum design temperature. The testing shall be performed as a part of the PQT.
SR-25590 - The shear strength specified for the factory coating shall also apply for the field joint coating.
SR-25591 - The shear test procedure shall be submitted to Company for approval.
3.12 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.2 “Abrasive blast cleaning”

SR-25593 - Add the following text as a new 1st paragraph; “Before blast-cleaning, the temperature of the
substrate shall be at least 3oC above the dew point, and the relative humidity shall be below 85%.
SR-25594 - Add the following text; “Corrosion resistant alloys shall not come into contact with carbon
steel. Corrosion resistant steels such as duplex stainless steels and 13% Cr steel shall be blast cleaned
with aluminium oxide or stainless steel grit.”
SR-25595 - Add the following text after the penultimate paragraph; “If the level of soluble salts on the
surface is measured by alternative methods, e.g. Soluble Salt Detector SCM 400 or equivalent methods,
the salt level requirement shall be ≤ 10 mg/m2.”
SR-25596 - Add: “After completion of abrasive cleaning operations, the steel surface shall be thoroughly
checked. Any slivers, swabs, burrs, laminations and gouges shall be removed by grinding. After grinding,
the remaining wall thickness shall comply with the line pipe material thickness requirements.”
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SR-25597 - Add the following text: “Dust contamination of the surface when applying the coating shall be a
maximum of grade 1, measured in accordance with ISO 8502-3.”
3.13 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.3 “Wire-brush cleaning”

SR-25599 - Replace all text with the following: “Wire-brush cleaning is not permissible.”
3.14 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.2 “Application of the coating”

SR-25601 - Replace the first sentence with the following text; “The temperature of the substrate shall be at
least 3oC above the dew point, and the relative humidity shall be below 85%.”
3.15 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.3 “Visual inspection of the applied coating”
SR-25603 - Add the following text: “Each pipe joint shall be completely visually inspected for
imperfections, cracks, lack of bonding, blisters, pinholes, air entrapment and delamination. For flame-
sprayed joints, in addition to the above there shall be no sags, runs, changes in the material colour, or
overspray. No such defects are allowed; any defect detected shall be suitably marked and repaired in
accordance with the qualified repair procedure.”
3.16 Heat shrinkable sleeves

SR-25605 - The requirements in ISO 21809-3 clause 11 shall apply. Additional requirements are given
below.
SR-25606 - The selection of field joint coating shall comply with Table 1. Coating types within this category
which can be used are 2A, 2B and 2C. Heat shrinkable sleeves type 2A shall as a minimum fulfil the
requirements of coating type 2A-2.
SR-25607 - The acceptance criteria as given in ISO 21809-3 Tables 13 and 14 shall be modified as
follows:
• Type 2A-2: Cathodic disbondment shall be < 7.0 mm at 23oC and at Tmax
• Type 2B and 2C: Cathodic disbondment shall be < 3.0 mm at 23oC and at Tmax
• Type 2C: Adhesion at 23°C shall be ≥ 20 N/mm, Adhesion at Tmax shall be ≥ 4 N/mm.
• Type 2C: Hardness (outer layer) shall be ≥ 65 Shore D
SR-25608 - A cathodic disbondment test with a duration of 48 hours shall be performed for the PPT
provided that the test temperature is increased to the design temperature and that a comparison of results
from the PQT is performed.
SR-25609 - Replace ISO 21809-3 clause 11.5.6 with the following text: “A hot–water immersion test shall
be carried out in accordance with Annex M in ISO 21809-1, the test temperature being the maximum
design temperature of the pipeline but not less than 80 oC. Test duration during PQT shall be 7
days. Maximum depth of adhesion shall be ≤ 4 mm. During production testing, the requirements in ISO
21809-1 clause 14.5.6 regarding test duration (48 hours) and acceptance criteria (maximum depth of
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adhesion ≤ 3 mm and average depth of adhesion ≤ 2 mm) shall apply. Where FJC are produced as a
continuous production i.e. spool base and/or offshore installation, the tests shall be performed during the
PPT only.”
SR-25610 - The properties of the coating shall match as closely as possible those of the pipeline corrosion
protection coating and the coating shall be compatible with the infill material and the application procedure
for the infill. The coating material shall be selected to meet the design and ambient temperatures of the
pipeline.
SR-25611 - Application of the heat-shrink sleeves shall be performed in strict accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations and qualified production procedures. An automated installation system
for the sleeve shall be used whenever possible to ensure maximum consistency and quality. Preheating is
normally used to heat the joint above 50oC. Preheating shall be done using induction heating methods.
Preheating shall not cause deterioration of the parent coating. The steel temperature locally shall not
exceed 150oC at the time of application.
The surface preparation, cleanliness and roughness, shall ensure adhesion to the steel better than the
cohesive strength of the adhesive.
SR-25613 - The maximum allowable level of dust contamination shall be Class 1 for both size and quality.
SR-25614 - After application to the pipeline, the sleeve shall have a finished coating thickness of 3-5 mm.
SR-25615 - After application, the outer edges of the sleeve shall adhere to the pipe coating over the whole
circumference and the adhesive shall be visible along all edges.
SR-25616 - A visual examination of the total coating shall be made to determine the general integrity and
uniformity of the coating. Holidays and loose edges are not accepted. Repairs shall be performed by
applying a new sleeve.
3.17 Fusion-bonded epoxy coatings

below:
SR-25619 - The applicable coating type is 3A. The materials used shall also be compatible with the
linepipe coating and the requirements in TR1221 and shall be suited for the application as prescribed
therein.
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SR-25620 - All residual material shall be removed by clean, dry and oil free compressed air.
SR-25621 - If necessary, flux shields shall be applied to the factory coating prior to the application of the
induction coil.
SR-25622 - The pipe temperature shall not exceed 250oC.
SR-25623 - The FBE coating thickness shall be 300 - 600 m. For reeling, a maximum thickness of FBE of
600 m shall apply unless otherwise documented.
SR-25624 - Modify the acceptance criterion for degree of cure given in ISO 21809-3 clause 12.5.6 with the
following text: “The glass transition temperature shall in all cases be a minimum of 95oC, and shall always
be 10oC above the calculated temperature for FBE during operation. Tg +/-10oC.
SR-25625 - Replace the last bullet point in ISO 21809-3 clause 12.5.8 with the following text: “8 mm after
a period of 28 days at a potential of -1.5 V and 65 oC ±2 oC. If the design temperature is higher than 65 oC,
this test shall run at the design temperature.”
3.18 Polyolefin-based coatings

below:
The applicable coating types are 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D and 5E.
SR-25629 - The innermost layer of epoxy resin shall be FBE complying with the requirements in clause
3.17 of this specification.
SR-25630 - The chamfer and a length of approximately 50 mm on the outer surface of the plant applied
coating, shall be scraped and abraded using suitable equipment to expose fresh FBE material.
SR-25631 - A modified polypropylene or polyethylene tie-layer adhesive thickness shall be 250-500 m.
The qualification and documentation of this material shall also be in accordance with TR1221.
SR-25632 - The polyolefin-based top coat material shall be fully compatible with the factory applied pipe
coating. Qualification and documentation of this material shall be in compliance with requirements in
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TR1221.
SR-25633 - Type 5A and 5D – Flame-spray:

• On completion of the FBE/adhesive application, the application of the PP/PE by flame spray shall
begin immediately. In cases where the initial layers (FBE + adhesive) have been allowed to cool,
the joint shall be reheated to the softening point of the adhesive using an induction coil.
• Due to the build-up of heat during the process, localized slumping may occur. Due care shall be
taken to minimise this effect and intermediate air cooling of the surface may be necessary.
• During the application there shall be no smoke, sags or changes in the colour of the product
applied. The finished product shall be free from runs, sags, overspray and colour change.
• Total coating thickness shall be 3-5 mm.
• Maximum design temperature for flame-sprayed polypropylene is 100 oC.
SR-25634 - Type 5B and 5E – Hot-applied tape or sheet wrap:
• On completion of the FBE/adhesive application, the application of the PP/PE tape/sheet shall
begin immediately. In cases where the initial layers (FBE + adhesive) have been allowed to cool,
the joint shall be reheated to the softening point of the adhesive using an induction coil.
• Total coating thickness shall be 1.8-2.5 mm.
SR-25635 - Type 5C – Injection Moulding:
• On completion of the FBE/adhesive application, the field joint area and chamfer/overlap area shall
be heated evenly around the pipe’s circumference. The heat shall be maintained for the required
period, to ensure that the chamfer surface and overlap area are in the correct condition for
moulding i.e. the material is in a soft condition with no signs of waxing. Once the correct surface
condition is achieved, the joint shall be positioned in the moulding equipment within the specified
limits.
• Following transfer of the field joint to the injection moulding machine, the polyolefin field joint
coating shall be applied. The mould shall provide a flush joint with the parent coating, unless
othervise specified in the field joint coating design report.
• After the initial cooling within the mould, the field joint must be cooled sufficiently before
transportation over rollers without deformation or damage to the field joint.
• Total coating thickness shall be minimum 10 mm.
SR-25636 - Extruded Polypropylene
• Shall follow the procedure for 5C
SR-25637 - Replace ISO 21809-3 clause 14.5.6 with the following text: “A hot–water immersion test shall
be carried out in accordance with Annex M in ISO 21809-1, the test temperature being the maximum
design temperature of the pipeline, but not lower than 80 oC. Test duration during PQT shall be 7
days. Maximum loss of adhesion shall be ≤ 4 mm. During production testing, the requirements in ISO
21809-1 clause 14.5.6 regarding test duration (48 hours) and acceptance criteria (maximum depth of
adhesion ≤ 3 mm and average depth of adhesion ≤ 2 mm) shall apply. Where FJC are produced as a
continuous production i.e. spool base and/or offshore installation, the tests shall be performed during the
PPT only.”
3.19 Rubber coatings

SR-25639 - The requirements in ISO 21809-3 clause 17 shall apply. The rubber coating shall satisfy the
requirements set forth in TR2028.
SR-25640 - The ambient-cure adhesive method (ISO 21809 clause 17.4.3) is not approved for use.
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SR-25641 - When rubber coatings are used as field joint coating between pipes with rubber coating and
polyolefin coating, the PQT and PPT shall be on joints with the same material combinations. All specified
requirements shall be met.
SR-25642 - Minimum coating thickness shall be the same as the thickness of the plant-applied rubber
coating.
3.20 Thermal insulation

SR-25644 - Polypropylene field joint coating insulation systems shall consist of: FBE; adhesive in
compliance with clause 3.18 of this specification; and injection moulded modified PP to full thickness or
flame sprayed PP and PP half shells.
SR-25645 - Polyurethane field joint insulation systems shall consist of: FBE applied in compliance with
clause 3.17 of this specification; and solid cast PU to full thickness.
SR-25646 - For insulated pipes the adhesion/shear strength of the field joint coating to the underlying
layers shall be tested during PQT in accordance with TR1222. Acceptance criteria shall be > 5 N/mm2 at
ambient temperature.
SR-25647 - The FBE, PP and PU systems shall satisfy the requirements in TR1221 and TR1222.
SR-25648 - A hot–water immersion test shall be carried out in accordance with Annex M in ISO 21809-1,
the test temperature being the maximum design temperature of the pipeline, but not lower than 80 oC. The
thickness of the coating may be machined down to 3 mm, leaving FBE, adhesive and PP solid only on the
surface of the test sample. Test duration during PQT shall be 7 days. Maximum depth of adhesion shall
be ≤ 4 mm. During production testing, the requirements in ISO 21809-1 clause 14.5.6 regarding test
duration (48 hours) and acceptance criteria (maximum depth of adhesion ≤ 3 mm and average depth of
adhesion ≤ 2 mm) shall apply. Where FJC are produced as a continuous production i.e. spool base and/or
offshore installation, the tests shall be performed during the PPT only.
3.21 Infill materials and application

SR-25650 - On concrete coated pipelines, an infill material is used to fill the gap over the welded joints.
This infill material shall be as given in clause 3.1 of this specification and be applied after application of the
corrosion protection.
SR-25651 - The infill material shall solidify/cure and obtain sufficient strength to keep its dimensions and
integrity prior to passing over the stinger on the pipe laying vessel.
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SR-25652 - The infill material is normally applied by pouring into a mould placed around the field joint. The
mould shall have sufficient strength and width to cover the field joint area, with an adequate overlap of the
weight coating of the pipe on either side to prevent the infill material escaping from the mould. The mould
shall have corners rounded off and can be with or without a lid. It may be closed and fixed to the pipe by
steel straps.
SR-25653 - The mould shall provide a flush joint with the parent coating unless otherwise specified in the
field joint coating design report.
SR-25654 - The mould and straps shall not result in debris on the sea bed through corrosion or installation
mistakes, or create sharp edges that may destroy fishing nets.
SR-25655 - Re-usable moulds made of steel or aluminium which can be closed, or alternatively
expendable moulds, shall be used. The application process shall include mould fitting and filling of
aggregates followed by injecting the polyurethane components into the mould. De-moulding shall be as
recommended by the manufacturer. Procedures for the application of PU shall be qualified during the PQT
and PPT.
SR-25656 - A filled PU system consisting of polyol base and isocyanate hardener shall be used as infill
material. The PU components shall be ratioed, heated and mixed to ensure a correct mixture according to
the material supplier’s recommendations, and specified requirements. The infill shall be solid PU or
foamed PU with gravel aggregates. Foamed PU without aggregates is not accepted and shall in any case
never be used on pipelines where trawl activity or other external impacts can take place.
SR-25657 - Impact and wear resistance shall be similar to the pipe concrete coating and the requirements
in clause 3.10 in this document.
4 External coating of bends, spools and miscellaneous components
4.1 Coating concepts

SR-25660 - Transport, installation parameters, operational factors and the properties of the factory-applied
pipe coating shall be taken into account when selecting the coating concept.
The following coating concepts are included:

• FBE and PP – Injection-moulded/Extruded
• FBE and PE – Injection-moulded
• FBE and PP – Flame-sprayed
• FBE and PE – Flame-sprayed
• FBE/PU Primer and Solid Cast PU
• Rubber Coating
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Applicable coating systems for different pipe coatings are given in Table 2 below.
Table 2: Coating Concepts

FACTORY APPLIED PIPE COATING ITEM COATING*
FBE and PP as a 3 layer system Offshore / Onshore:
FBE (300-600 µm) with
• Injection-moulded PP
• Flame-sprayed PP
FBE and PE as a 3 layer system Offshore / Onshore:
• Injection-moulded PE
• Flame sprayed PE
FBE and PP as Thermal Insulation Offshore / Onshore:
• Injection-moulded PP
FBE or PU Primer and moulded PU FBE / PU Primer and Solid Cast PU
Rubber Rubber
* Items = manufactured bends, spools and miscellaneous components
4.2 Material Properties

SR-25666 - The specified coating shall provide the necessary corrosion and mechanical protection and,
when relevant, insulation for the specified lifetime of the pipeline system.
SR-25667 - Procedures for fabrication, inspection and testing shall be subject to Company review and
acceptance.
SR-25668 - All materials shall satisfy the requirements set forth in the relevant specifications below:
• FBE and PP/PE shall satisfy the requirements in TR1221.
• For insulated pipelines, the coating shall satisfy the requirements in TR1222.
• Polyurethane primer and PU shall satisfy the requirements in TR1221.
• Rubber coating shall satisfy the requirements in TR2028.
SR-25669 - Detailed documentation shall be prepared for all materials according to the relevant
specifications.
4.3 Coating Application
4.3.1 General
SR-25672 -
An APS proposal shall be prepared and qualified according to TR1221 and section 3.4 of this document.
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4.4 Polyolefin-based coatings
4.4.1 Surface preparation

SR-25675 - Surface shall be prepared according to this document and TR1221.
4.4.2 Bevel protectors and end caps

SR-25677 - Suitable caps shall be fitted to both ends of the item in order to protect the bevel where
applicable and avoid contamination by abrasives.
4.4.3 Coating and Insulation application

SR-25679 - The application of coating and insulation shall be in accordance with Sections 3.18 and 3.20 of
this document.
SR-25680 - Production testing and inspection shall be in accordance with Section 3.7 of this document.
SR-25681 - Visual inspection of the applied coating shall be in accordance with Section 3.15 of this
document.
4.5 Rubber coatings

SR-25683 - Rubber coatings shall satisfy the requirements set forth in TR2028 and clause 3.19 of this
document.
4.6 Coating cutback

SR-25685 - The coating at each end of the item shall be cut back 150 + / -10 mm from the bevel, unless
otherwise instructed.
SR-25686 - An FBE tail of minimum 20 mm shall protrude from the edge of the PP in the cutback area.
The cut end shall be chamfered using suitable means. The chamfer angle shall be between 20 and 30
degrees to the pipe’s longitudinal axis.
SR-25687 - Bare ends of the item shall be protected with temporary protection, to prevent internal
contamination and corrosion (of corrosion resistant alloys). The temporary protection shall be easily
removable.
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4.7 Procedure qualification trial (PQT)

SR-25689 - The APS shall be qualified by a PQT.
SR-25690 - Production shall not commence prior to acceptance of the test results.
• Generally, the qualification should be performed on all pipe and coating dimensions. However, the
testing scope to be agreed prior to qualification start.
• A sufficient number of items (minimum 3) shall be applied in accordance with the coating
procedure to enable all of the specified testing to be completed.
• Factory settings for production equipment, including temperatures, pressures and hold times shall
be established during the PQT.
• As a minimum, the tests listed in TR1221, TR1222 and TR2028 shall be performed. The
acceptance criteria given in the relevant specification shall apply.
• Repair procedure.
• Following completion of testing, all samples shall be retained for future production reference.
• All tests shall be completed and documentation of full compliance with requirements shall be
presented at least 2 weeks prior to the planned commencement of the coating work.
4.8 Inspection and testing during production
4.8.1 Pre-production trial

SR-25693 - A PPT shall be performed on site in compliance with the principles described in clause 3.6 of
this document and the requirements in TR1221, TR1222 and TR2028 as applicable.
SR-25694 - Tests should preferably be taken on cut-back areas, in order to minimize destructive testing on
supply items.
4.8.2 Inspection and Testing of Surface Preparation

SR-25696 - During production, inspection and testing of surface preparation and application of the
corrosion coating shall be performed according to Table 3.
SR-25698 - Table 3: Inspection intervals for surface preparation

Inspection Interval Requirements
Inspection prior to cleaning Every item TR1221
Steel temperature before blast Every item 3 °C above dew point
cleaning
Air relative humidity Continuously < 85%
Inspection after blast cleaning Visual: Every item TR1221
Roughness: Every item
Cleanliness: Every item
Salt contamination after blast cleaning At start-up and every 5th item TR1221
Measurement of residual dust Every item TR1221
FBE tails (PP, PE & PU systems) Every item TR1221
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4.8.3 Inspection and Testing of FBE/Adhesive

SR-25700 - During production, inspection and testing of FBE/Adhesive shall be performed according to
Table 4.
SR-25702 - Table 4: Inspection intervals for coating application

Temperature of preheated joint Every item TR1221
Calibration of temperature measuring device 1 per shift TR1221
Visual inspection Every item TR1221
Coating thickness (PP, PE & PU systems) Lead item TR1221
Adhesive thickness (PP, PE & PU systems) Lead item TR1221
DSC FBE (PP, PE & PU systems) Lead item TR1221
X-cut adhesion (PP, PE & PU systems) Lead item TR1221
Examination for foaming (PP, PE & PU Lead item TR1221
systems)
4.8.4 Inspection and Testing of Complete Coating

SR-25704 - After coating, the inspections described in Table 5 shall be performed at the given intervals.
SR-25706 - Table 5: Inspection of complete coating

PP/PE/PU Rubber
Visual Every item Every item Ref. clause 3.15
in this document
Coating Thickness: Every item Thickness: Every item Ref. clause 3.7
dimensions incl. O.D: Every 5th item O.D: Every 5th item in this document
centralization
Holiday detection Every item Every item ISO21809-1
Adhesiona,b,c First 5 item, thereafter 1 of 20 First 5 item, thereafter 1 TR1221
of 20
Hardness N/A Every item TR2028
Hammer Test N/A Every item TR2028
Notes:
a) Injection moulded PP/PE - 25 N/mm at 23oC
b)Flamesprayed PP/PE – 10N/mm at 23oC
c) Rubber coating – TR2028
SR-25707 - After testing, any damage to the coating shall be repaired in accordance with the qualified repair
procedure.
5 Handling and storage

SR-25709 - All cleaning and coating materials shall be stored in such a manner that they are not
detrimentally affected by climatic or other injurious conditions and according to the supplier’s
recommendations.
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SR-25710 - Handling and storage of coated pipes shall be carried out according TR1110.
6 Pipe numbering/pipe tracking

SR-25712 - The pipe tracking shall be in accordance with TR1824.
7 Documentation
SR-25714 - At least one month prior to commencing any work associated with this specification, including
procedure/production qualification tests, procedures and documentation shall be submitted for
review/approval.
SR-25715 - This documentation shall include:

• Detailed coating procedures (APS)
• Detailed repair procedure
• Detailed information about properties of each coating layer
• All materials data test certificates and product data sheets
• Detailed design calculations for thermal insulation requirements and the development of the
insulation aspects of the product during service lifetime. These calculations shall apply for line
pipe, bends and field joints.
• Detailed procedures for handling and storage of line pipe
• Detailed quality plans / Inspection and Test Plan (ITP). All witness and hold points shall be
identified.
SR-25716 - A full report of all PQT’s and associated tests shall be completed and documentation of full
compliance with requirements shall be presented at least 2 weeks prior to the planned commencement of
the coating work.
SR-25717 - Results from the PPT shall be presented for evaluation and approval without delay during
coating production start-up.
SR-25718 - Upon completion of the work, the following documentation in addition to the requirements in
TR1714 shall be submitted:
• Material test certificates, test record and test results
• Inspection reports and records
• Repair and recoating records
8 Additional information
8.1 Definitions and abbreviations

Definition Description
Shall Requirement strictly to be followed in order to confirm to the document and from
(requirement) which no deviation is permitted, unless a «deviation» is approved.
Should Indicates that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly
(recommendation) suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is
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preferred but not necessarily required, or that (in the negative form) possibility or
course of action is deprecated but not prohibited.
May Indicates a course of action permissible within the limits of the document.
Can Statements of possibility and capability, whether material, physical or causal.
APS Application procedure specification
DSC Differential scanning calometry
DFI Design, fabrication and installation
EPDM Ethylene propylene diene monomer
FBE Fusion bonded epoxy
ITP Inspection and test plan
PE polyethylene
PP polypropylene
PPT Pre-production trial
PQT Procedure qualification trial
PU polyurethane
8.2 Changes from previous version

Published in new minor version as part of the GEM-project (Governing Element Management). TR-document is
digitalized, and each requirement element is now identified with a unique ID.
This document is updated to reflect the field joint coating systems used, and liquid epoxy is therefore
removed. In addition, the extent of testing is modified to ensure feasibility during the coating and pipe
manufacturing/laying process.
In addition, TR1115 (External coating of bends, anchor flanges and spools) is merged into this document
and withdrawn as a separate document.
8.3 References
All work in connection this specification shall be in accordance with the latest editions of all relevant
governmental regulations.
Reference Title
TR1110 Handling, storage and repair of coated pipeline joints
TR1221 External coating for linepipe – Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE) and FBE/Polypropylene (PP) /
Polyethylene (PE) multilayer systems
TR1222 Extruded polypropylene for external insulation coating of linepipe
TR 1714 LCI requirements for pipeline systems
TR1824 Pipe tracking
TR2028 Rubber coating
DNV-RP-F111 Interference between trawl gear and pipelines
ISO 21809-3 Petroleum and natural gas industries – External coatings for buried or submerged pipelines
used in pipeline transportation systems – Part 3: Field joint coatings
ISO EN 12736 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Wet thermal insulation for pipeline, flowlines,
equipment and subsea structures
ISO 8502-3 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Test for the
assessment of surface cleanliness – Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared
for painting (pressure sensitive tape method).
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9 App A - Trawl board scraping test - Normative
9.1 Coating scraping: Testing

The following describes a method for qualification of the protective coating with respect to trawl scraping.
The method implies testing of coated pipe sections and covers the following items;
• Specimens to be tested
• Test equipment
• Test procedure
Specimens:
• Coated pipes containing parent coating and at least one field joint coating in-between
• Minimum 3 specimens per coating type.
• Length of specimen shall be minimum 3 field joint lengths (including parent coating and field joint)
SR-25730 - Where the coating is sensitive to temperature, the impact test shall be carried out at both
maximum and minimum temperatures. The effect of ageing during the design lifetime shall also be
accounted for.
9.2 Equipment
A typical test rig is shown below. In this test arrangement, the knife is loaded with a dead weight and
moved by two hydraulic cylinders.
SR-25733 - The scraping knife (trawl knife) should ideally have a shape and angle representative of the
trawl equipment. The following set-up is an example of an acceptable test arrangement:
• A 20 mm thick and minimum 1.5 OD mm long steel plate made in 500 MPa steel or similar. The
inclination of the steel plate shall be 20 degrees and rotated 30 degrees relative to the pipe axis. A
typical arrangement of a scraping knife is shown below.
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9.3 Procedure
Determine:
• The weight of the trawl gear used in the area.
• The number of scrapes required for each specimen as per Table A1
SR-25736 - Apply the weight (weight in air) of the trawl gear as a vertical load on the trawl knife. The
scraping should be performed by quasi-static movement of either the pipe or the scraping knife from the
pipe coating, continuing along the field joint coating and back onto the pipe coating again. The planned
speed should in average terms be larger than 0.3 m/s.
9.4 Coating scraping: Acceptance criteria

SR-25738 - The vertical load to be applied shall be quantified based on the most critical trawl gear in DNV-
RP-F111.
SR-25739 - The number of repeated runs shall consider the trawling frequency as determined according to
DNV-RP- F111.
See Table A1 below.
Table A1 Number of Scrapes within one field joint

Frequency class Impact frequency, fimp Scrapes
[year/km]
sHigh >100 8
Medium 1-100 4
Low <1 1
SR-25741 - The field joint coating shall satisfy the same requirements as for the general coating, because
the impact/scraping frequency applies per unit length. The scraping test considers repeated testing on a
single field joint. The probability of impact/scraping is equally distributed along each section of the pipeline.
Hence, the probability of impact/scraping for the field joints is as for the pipeline.
SR-25742 - The following functional requirements apply for the coating and field joint coating:
• The pipeline steel shall be protected against dents and gouges from scraping
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• The pipeline corrosion protection system shall remain intact, i.e. damage to the corrosion coating
exposing the steel is not acceptable
• Gaps between the concrete and field joint material are not acceptable
• The abrasion/milling of the field joint material shall be less or equal to that of the coating
• An area of spalling/tearing of the field joint coating is not acceptable. If tearing of the aggregate
occurs, this area shall be retested to observe the behaviour.
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TR1109

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Requirements Classification: Internal

Process area: Project development (PD)

Owner: Stein Olsen

Author: Sidsel Widerøe

Revision no: 4.01

Revision date: 07/06/2017

Competence: Materials technology

Validity area: Heidrun;Gullfaks A;Gullfaks B;Gullfaks C;Gudrun;Grane

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1 Objective, target group and provision .............................................................................................................................3

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1 Objective, target group and provision

1.2 Target group

2.2 Functional requirements

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2.3 Health and safety requirements

3 Field joint coatings

3.1 Field joint coating concepts

SR-25557 - Table 1: Field joint coating concepts

Fusion Bonded Epoxy • 3A – FBE.

FBE and Alternatives: • Solid Polyurethane.

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• 5B - PP hot applied tape wrap

Polychloroprene or 8A - Polychloroprene-based. • Polychloroprene.

3.2 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 5.2 “Compliance to standard”

3.3 Additional ISO 21809-3 clause 5.3 “End user approval”

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SR-25567 - Add the following requirements:

3.6 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 7.4 “Pre-production trial (PPT)”

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3.9 Insulation properties

3.10 Impact and trawl interaction testing

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3.11 Shear strength tests for insulated pipes

3.12 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.2 “Abrasive blast cleaning”

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3.13 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.1.2.3 “Wire-brush cleaning”

3.14 Addendum to ISO 21809-3 clause 9.2 “Application of the coating”

3.16 Heat shrinkable sleeves

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3.17 Fusion-bonded epoxy coatings

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SR-25622 - The pipe temperature shall not exceed 250oC.

3.18 Polyolefin-based coatings

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SR-25633 - Type 5A and 5D – Flame-spray:

3.19 Rubber coatings

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3.20 Thermal insulation

3.21 Infill materials and application

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4 External coating of bends, spools and miscellaneous components

4.1 Coating concepts

The following coating concepts are included:

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Table 2: Coating Concepts

4.2 Material Properties

4.3 Coating Application

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4.4 Polyolefin-based coatings

4.4.1 Surface preparation

4.4.2 Bevel protectors and end caps

4.4.3 Coating and Insulation application

4.5 Rubber coatings