Christian Doctrine and Systematic Theology Local Instructor Guide

Village Missions
Website: http://vmcontenders.org
Contenders Discipleship Initiative
E-mail: info@vmcontenders.org
Christian Doctrine
Systematic Theology
Contrasting Belief Systems

Target Model for Evaluating Essential Doctrines Village Missions
Theology Proper (The Nature of God) Contenders Discipleship Initiative
The Trinity

Christology (The Study of Jesus Christ)
Pneumatology (The Study of the Holy Spirit)
God’s Decrees
The Works of God
Christian Doctrine
Angelology (The Study of Angels)
Anthropology (The Study of Humanity)
and Systematic Theology
Hamartialogy (The Study of Sin)
Soteriology (The Study of Salvation)
Ecclesiology (The Study of the Church) Local Instructor Guide
Eschatology (The Study of the End Times)
Contenders Discipleship Initiative – Doctrine Instructor’s Guide
TRAINING MODULE SUMMARY

Course Name Christian Doctrine & Systematic Theology
Course Number in Series 2
Creation Date January 2015
Created By: Ken Ainsworth
Lasted Date Modified December 2019
Version Number 4.2
Copyright note:
The Contenders program is provided free of charge and it is expected that those who
receive freely will in turn give freely. Permission for non-commercial use is hereby
granted but re-sale is prohibited.
Contenders Bible School was a tuition-free two-year ministry equipping program started
in 1995 by Pastor Ron Sallee at Machias Community Church, Snohomish, WA. It is now
run as a tuition-free online equipping ministry by Village Missions. The full Contenders
Discipleship Initiative program with pdf copies of this guide and corresponding videos
can be found at www.vmcontenders.org.
Copyright is retained by Village Missions with all rights reserved to protect the integrity of
this material and the Village Missions Contenders Discipleship Initiative.
Contenders Discipleship Initiative Disclaimer

The views and opinions expressed in the Contenders Discipleship Initiative courses are
those of the instructors and authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of
Village Missions. The viewpoints of Village Missions may be found at
www.villagemissions.org/doctrinal-statement
Village Missions may be found at www.villagemissions.org/doctrinal-statement
LOCAL INSTRUCTORS using the CDI in a classroom setting are encouraged to fill in any gaps and
add to the discussion of content provided by our ONLINE INSTRUCTORS.
At times content will be designed to provoke thoughtful discussion of various viewpoints. It is up to the
LOCAL INSTRUCTOR to guide discussions in such way that students come to their own conclusions
of what they believe and why they believe it from careful study of the Bible.
Student Registration
You must register as a student for the CDI to gain access to the video instruction. You will
find the online registration link at the top of the page at www.vmcontenders.org
You are encouraged to take these classes under the guidance of a Local
Instructor/mentor. If a Local Instructor/mentor is not available in your area, you are
welcome to take these classes on your own. If you take these courses as an independent
distance learner download and use the Local Instructor guidebook in conjunction with
the Student Guidebook as it has additional information.
Village Missions © 2016 2 Version 4.2

Table of Contents
Christian Doctrine & Systematic Theology ......................................................................... 8
How to Use This Guide ..................................................................................................... 11
Classroom Report Form .......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Promoting the Class ......................................................................................................... 13
Classroom Setup...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Video Troubleshooting Tips .................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
General Classroom Training Tips ...................................................................................... 14
EstablishIng Ground Rules................................................................................................ 15
Teacher’s Note: Note Taking, Review Material ............................................................... 15
Instructions for Administering Tests and Quizzes ............................................................ 16
Student Evaluations ......................................................................................................... 17
Instructor Checklist for Doctrine Course .......................................................................... 17
Teacher’s Notes: Ordering Books for Students ............................................................... 19
Doctrine Course Syllabus.................................................................................................. 20
Course Goal ...................................................................................................................... 21
Course Schedule ............................................................................................................... 22
Teacher’s Note: Video Sessions and Note Guides ............................................................ 24
Session 1, Module 1 - Introduction to Doctrine ............................................................... 25
Review Questions: Introduction to Doctrine.................................................................... 26
Session 1, Part 2 - Where Doctrines Originate ................................................................. 27
Teacher’ Note: Concerning Open-Ended Review Questions ............................................ 28
Review Questions: Where Doctrines Originate ................................................................ 29
Session 1, Part 3 – The Theistic View of God.................................................................... 30
Review Questions: The Theistic View of God ................................................................... 32
Assignment: Personal Doctrinal Statement .................................................................... 33

Personal Statement of Faith for Ken Ainsworth (Updated: Feb. 26, 2009) ...................... 37
Session 2, Part 1 – The Essence and Attributes of God .................................................... 39
Review Questions: The Essence and Attributes of God ................................................... 40
Session 2, Part 2 – The Nature of God.............................................................................. 41
Review: Essential Doctrines – The Nature of God ............................................................ 43
Session 2, Part 3 – The Trinity .......................................................................................... 44
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Trinity ......................................................................... 46
Session 3: A Little Pop Quiz ........................................................................................ 47
Session 3, Part 1 – Christology: The Pre-incarnate Christ ............................................... 49
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Pre-incarnate Christ ................................................... 52
Session 3, Part 2 – Christology: Nature of the Incarnation .............................................. 53
Review: Essential Doctrines - Nature of the Incarnation ................................................. 57
Session 3, Part 3 – Christology: Implications of the Cross ................................................ 58
Session 3, Part 4 – Christology: Resurrection & Ascension .............................................. 59
Review: Essential Doctrines - Resurrection & Ascension ................................................. 60
Session 4, Part 1 – Pneumatology: The Holy Spirit ........................................................... 61
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Holy Spirit ................................................................... 63
Session 4, Part 2 – Pneumatology: Works of the Holy Spirit ............................................ 64
Review: Essential Doctrines - Works of the Holy Spirit .................................................... 66
Session 4, Part 3– Pneumatology: The Fruit of the Spirit ................................................. 67
Review Questions: The Fruit of the Spirit......................................................................... 69
Quiz: Pneumatology ......................................................................................................... 70
Session 5, Part 1 – The Eternal Decrees of God ............................................................... 71
Teacher’s Note: Sovereignty vs. Responsbililty ................................................................ 71
Review Questions: The Eternal Decrees of God ............................................................... 72
Session 5, Part 2 –Creation .............................................................................................. 73

Review Questions: Creation ............................................................................................. 74
Session 5, Part 3 – Alternative Views of Creation ............................................................ 75
Teacher’s Note: Young Earth vs. Old Earth ..................................................................... 77
Review: Essential Doctrines - Creation ............................................................................. 77
Session 6, Part 1 – Angelology: The Doctrine of Angels ................................................... 78
Review Questions: Angelology: The Doctrine of Angels .................................................. 79
Session 6, Part 2 – Angelology: The Role of Angels .......................................................... 80
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Role of Angels ............................................................. 81
Session 6, Part 3 – Angelology: Satan and the Fallen Angels ........................................... 82
Review: Essential Doctrines - Satan and the Fallen Angels .............................................. 84
Quiz: Mid-Term ............................................................................................................... 85
Session 7, Part 1 – Anthropology: The Image of God ....................................................... 93
Review Questions: Anthropology: The Image of God ...................................................... 95
Session 7, Part 2 – Anthropology: The Nature of Man ..................................................... 96
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Nature of Man ............................................................ 98
Session 7, Part 3 – Anthropology: The Fall of Man .......................................................... 99
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Fall of Man................................................................ 102
Session 8, Part 1 – Hamartialogy: The Doctrine of Sin ................................................... 103
Review Questions: The Doctrine of Sin .......................................................................... 104
Session 8, Part 2 – Hamartialogy: The Imputation of Sin ............................................... 105
Review Questions: The Imputation of Sin ...................................................................... 107
Session 8, Part 3 – Hamartialogy: Total Depravity ......................................................... 108
Review: Essential Doctrines – Total Depravity ............................................................... 110
Teacher’s Note: Total Depravity..................................................................................... 110
Session 9, Part 1 – Soterialogy: The Elements of Salvation ............................................ 111
Review: Essential Doctrines - Elements of Salvation ...................................................... 113

Session 9, Part 2 – Soterialogy: The Mechanics of Salvation ......................................... 114
Review Questions: The Mechanics of Salvation ............................................................. 116
Session 9, Part 3 – Soterialogy: Divine Election ............................................................. 117
Review: Essential Doctrines - Divine Election................................................................. 119
Session 10, Part 1 – Soterialogy: Regeneration & Justification ...................................... 120
Review Questions: Regeneration and Justification ........................................................ 121
Session 10, Part 2 – Soterialogy: Sanctification.............................................................. 122
Review Questions: Sanctification ................................................................................... 123
Session 10, Part 3 – Soterialogy: Assurance of Salvation ............................................... 124
Teacher’s Note: Perseverance of the Saints .................................................................. 124
Review: Essential Doctrines - Assurance of Salvation .................................................... 125
Quiz: Soteriology ............................................................................................................ 126
Session 11, Part 1 – Ecclesiology: The Doctrine of the Church....................................... 128
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Doctrine of the Church ............................................. 130
Session 11, Part 2 – Ecclesiology: The Mission of the Church ........................................ 131
Review Questions: The Mission of the Church............................................................... 132
Session 11, Part 3 – Ecclesiology: Church Government ................................................. 133
Review: Essential Doctrines - Church Government ........................................................ 135
Session 11, Part 4 – Ecclesiology: Church Ordinances & Discipline................................ 136
Review: Essential Doctrines - Ordinances & Discipline .................................................. 138
Session 12, Part 1 – Eschatology: The Doctrine of Hell .................................................. 139
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Doctrine of Hell ........................................................ 141
Session 12, Part 2 – Eschatology: The Doctrine of Heaven ............................................ 142
Review: Essential Doctrines – Doctrine of Heaven......................................................... 143
Session 12, Part 3 – Eschatology: The Second Coming .................................................. 144
Review: Essential Doctrines - The Second Coming ......................................................... 147

Session 12, Part 4 – Eschatology: The 70 Weeks Prophecy............................................ 148
Review Questions: The 70 Weeks Prophecy .................................................................. 149
Session 13, Part 1 – Eschatology: The End According to Jesus ....................................... 150
Review: Essential Doctrines: The End According to Jesus .............................................. 151
Session 13, Part 2 – Eschatology: Rapture ..................................................................... 151
Teacher’s Note: How To Address Disagreements of Opinion ........................................ 156
Review Questions: Rapture ............................................................................................ 157
Session 13, Part 3 – Eschatology: Resurrection .............................................................. 158
Review: Essential Doctrines - Resurrection .................................................................... 159
Session 13, Part 4 – Eschatology: Divine Judgment ....................................................... 160
Review: Essential Doctrines - Divine Judgment.............................................................. 162
Final Exam - Introduction to Christian Doctrine ............................................................. 163
Glossary .......................................................................................................................... 170
Index............................................................................................................................... 176

CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE & SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY
This is the Second Course in the CDI Program

The core CDI courses are:
1. Bibliology and How to Study the Bible
2. Doctrine
3. New Testament
4. Old Testament
5. Church History
6. Evangelism, Teaching and Preaching
Thank you for your faithfulness in helping Christians know what they believe and why
they believe it.
While the coursework for the Contenders Discipleship Initiative can be taken
independently by utilizing the on-line resources, the student learning experience will be
greatly enhanced when the content is delivered in a classroom setting. This is most
certainly true for Systematic Theology and Christian Doctrine. Your role will be to
facilitate the learning environment by focusing student attention, encouraging class
discussion, clarifying the various doctrines by answering questions and evaluating
student progress.
This course gives students an overview of major Biblical doctrines, putting them in
context of a systematic theology. While most evangelical Christians agree that doctrine
should come from the Bible, the reality is that the influences of culture and church
tradition often undermine the clear teaching of God’s Word. Students in this course will
learn to evaluate various doctrinal viewpoints from Scripture and determine which
doctrines are absolutely essential to the Christian faith. At the end of the course, each
student will produce their own statement of faith comprised of those doctrines for which
they would be willing to die.
One of the greatest challenges is to distinguish between Biblically essential doctrinal

viewpoints and those for which Christians might agree to disagree. We will use the
“target model” to facilitate making these distinctions.

As the instructor, you will need to assist students in making these distinctions. At the
end of each video session, you will need to challenge your students to consider which
concepts are absolutely essential to the Christian faith. These “bulls-eye” doctrines are
those which are clearly taught in the Bible and should be part of every Christian’s
personal statement of faith.
The video sessions themselves are concise and have a high concept load. As the
instructor, you need to preview the videos before each class session. Periodically, I will
ask you to pause the video so you can lead a class discussion on a particular topic. You
should feel free to pause the video at other times if a point needs to be clarified, but be
cognizant of time; you will need to keep the class moving in order to get through all the
material.
There is no required textbook for this course. However, Lectures in Systematic Theology
by Henry Thiessen is highly recommended. Thiessen presents systematic theology from
a dispensational viewpoint. Because I gravitate more toward a covenant theology,
Thiessen’s work will serve to broaden the perspective. Suggested reading assignments
from this textbook are included in the course schedule.

I’ve been privileged to teach this course a number of times over the years. Each quarter,
I develop wonderful relationships with my students, several of whom have gone on to
full-time pastoral ministry. Their questions challenge me to continue to search the
Scriptures to find out whether these things are so (Acts 17:11). I believe I’ve been able
to challenge them in similar ways. My prayer for you is that you would have a similar
experience. The study of Biblical doctrine is a life-long enterprise that fuels Christian
growth and sanctification. May you have the incredibly rewarding experience of assisting
others along that path.
Ken Ainsworth, July, 2014

HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE
This Instructor’s guide is your blueprint for the class and is to be used to support the
effective presentation of Christian Doctrine and Systematic Theology.
As a first step, you must review the program materials online on the vmcontenders.org
website under this course name.
This Local Instructor guide is designed to be used as you teach a classroom or as an
adjunct to the online program. As the Local Instructor, this guide can help you in five
ways:
1. Gain familiarity with the program: Reviewing this guide is a convenient

way to familiarize you with the curriculum.
2. Prepare lessons: Prior to class, use this teacher’s guide as a resource for
preparing your lesson plan. It will provide you instructions, notes, activities,
and reviews as you teach the class.
3. Utilize worksheets: The Instructor’s guide includes activity worksheets
which allow your students to apply what they have just learned. A teacher’s
copy of each worksheet, including answers and hints, follows the students’
worksheet.
4. Extend or modify lessons: The guide features suggested teaching tips. Use
these tips to extend or modify the unit objectives to best meet the needs of
your students.
5. Assess progress: Finally, this guide includes an assessment that students
can use to test their knowledge.
Please review the online instructions for Local Instructors on the CDI website

How the Guide is Organized.

This guide is broken into sessions that follow along with the course videos. Also in this
guide are learning objectives, reviews, quizzes and a glossary of terms. The curriculum
is designed to be presented in module and session sequence.
Each module also uses the following icons:
Icon Meaning
Group Activity These assignments will be conducted in class. For those
distance learners, instructions are in your guide on how to complete these
activities. It is highly recommended that distance learners complete
these activities.
Assignments Assignments for the class including outside reading.
Exam All exams are open book.
Key Point A specific item to remember.
Special Note
Christian Doctrine and Systematic Theology was recorded at Contenders Bible School of
Machias Community Church.
These sessions, as presented in the Contenders Discipleship Initiative, have been broken
into smaller segments for pastor/mentor-led classes as well as independent distance
learners.
Pastor Ken's Student Guide has since been updated to match the structure of the video
course as presented in the CDI and is available as the Student Guide on the CDI
website.

REGISTION WITH THE CDI AS LOCAL INSTRUCTORS AND STUDENTS
The CDI Learning Management System requires all Local Instructors and Students to
register individually. Once registered with the CDI, access to all courses and videos are
open to view and/or download. For those taking CDI courses in a classroom setting the
Learning Management System will track student progress if they periodically log in and
check off lessons completed.
PROMOTING THE CLASS
Once you have decided to teach this program begin to make the contacts to your church
and in the larger community to promote the CDI. Set a date for your class to start and
the schedule you intend to follow. You will need to announce this information not just
once but several times to ensure you get the information out.
You will want to promote the class to address the various reasons why people might
want to attend. Some people will want to learn more about their faith, others feel called
to Christian ministry, still others might not be members of your church but are looking
for a way to learn about the Bible.
Remember to take advantage of the media outlets available, including social media, your
own church website and bulletins. You may want to take screen shots of CDI web pages
to share. The CDI has a Facebook page at https://www.facebook.com/vmcdi
If you are an individual distance learner using the Local Instructor guide you might want
to consider gathering a small group to work through the course with you.
CLASSROOM SETUP
c Downloading the video content prior to your class is best so that you are not
dependent upon your internet connection.
c Direct streaming should only be used with an onsite High-Speed internet connection.
c If you do not have internet access you can contact Village Missions to see about the
availability of DVDs and Computer disks for the course videos.
c Use a Smart TV to show the video or an LCD projector with separate audio output to
a speaker system. Test your set up well ahead of time and before each session.

GENERAL CLASSROOM TRAINING TIPS
1. Arrive early. Give yourself plenty of time to get organized.
2. All students need to register with the CDI: https://vmcontenders.org/register/

This is a two-step process that requires activation. After the initial registration form
is completed an activation email will be sent to them. Each individual needs to have
their own email address as this becomes their user ID with the CDI. Gmail is free
and easy to get an email address if they do not already have one.
Note that they need to periodically sign in to the CDI to check off lessons completed.
3. Start on time and stay on track. Always start on time, even if only one participant is
in the room. Keep exercises within their time limits. End discussions when they
cease to be productive. Lead participants away from digressions and tangents and
return to the lesson.
4. Be available during breaks and after class for questions.
5. Mentor participants during the activities. Walk among groups in class as they work
on their activities and answer questions and offer guidance as appropriate. Ensure
participants are on track as they work. Give constructive feedback during the
presentations and discussions.
6. Review Questions: Review the content of each lesson throughout the course to
reinforce the learning outcomes for that lesson and to connect to upcoming material.
Sample review questions are available in the Instructor's guide; however, you should
develop additional questions, as appropriate. Make sure all questions directly relate
to and support the learning outcomes.
7. Lesson Outcomes: At the beginning of each lesson, review that lesson's outcomes.
Make sure participants are fully aware of the topics to be addressed in the lesson. At
the end of each lesson, review the outcomes once again using review questions or an
activity/exercise to ensure the outcomes were met.

ESTABLISHING GROUND RULES
Prepare the following ground rules on a flip chart page. (Cover the ground rules with the
flip chart pad's cover or a blank flip chart page, and leave it covered until you review it
during the class. Then post it on the wall so it is visible during the entire course.) In
training sessions, the term “parking lot” is used when you want to capture questions
that cannot be answered during the session.
These questions are written down on the flip chart and then the instructor follows up
with the participants with the answers at a later time. This way class time is not taken
up with questions that are of interest to the class, but may not be vital to the course
material.
GROUND RULES
• Be on time.
• Stay on task.
• Share responsibility for training.
• Do reading, homework.
• Participate in activities.
• Listen when others talk.
• Turn off cell phones.
• Some questions will be placed in
parking lot on flip chart.
TEACHER’S NOTE: NOTE TAKING, REVIEW MATERIAL
While some note taking is beneficial, too much note taking can keep students from
paying active attention to the lecture. Student notebooks have been designed to strike a
balance between required note taking and material already supplied.
All tests and quizzes are open note / open book / open Bible.
Before each class session, review the session notes and material to be presented and
have a good grasp on the subject.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR ADMINISTERING TESTS AND QUIZZES
In contrast with the majority of classes you have probably experienced, these tests and
quizzes are not primarily for evaluation. These are designed to reinforce student learning
and to be a launching pad for class discussion.
Here are some suggestions that will facilitate the appropriate use of these instruments:
• Pray with your students before administering the test or quiz.
• Make sure students understand that the primary purpose is not evaluation. (Many
adult learners have a well-founded fear of school exams.)
• All tests and quizzes are open-book, open-note and most certainly open-Bible.
• I have found it helpful to assign the tests as homework, so students are prepared
to discuss the answers during the scheduled class session.
• Encourage students to correct their own tests.
• Make sure students understand the Biblical basis for correct answers, especially
those they did not answer correctly.
• Be willing to schedule private discussions with students who don’t understand a
particular question, or disagree with a particular doctrinal viewpoint.
Remember, all exams and quizzes are open book, open note and open Bible. They
are designed for review and for reinforcing key concepts. They are not primarily
intended for evaluation. They should be assigned as take-home tests. The following
session can then be used to have students evaluate (“grade”) their own tests. This
presents a great opportunity for answering questions and correcting any
misunderstood concepts.

STUDENT EVALUATIONS
Contenders Discipleship Initiative uses a narrative evaluation approach rather than

issuing grades during a student’s course of study. An online form is completed after
each course that indicates what a student has learned.
The complete Contenders Discipleship Initiative Narrative Evaluation consists of two

written evaluations for each course: one from the Local Instructor for each student
attending a course and one from the student giving a self-assessment.
Students who subsequently apply to Village Missions will need to have these evaluations
recorded in the CDI Learning Management System for each course.
The online Local Instructor’s Student Evaluation can be found at:

http://vmcontenders.org/pastor_assessment.html
The Student Self Evaluation form can be found at:
http://vmcontenders.org/student_assessment.html
The student’s Self Evaluation summarizes his or her accomplishments while taking the
course, any new understandings achieved, and the student’s goals for the future.
Go over these Evaluation forms during the first class.
INSTRUCTOR CHECKLIST FOR DOCTRINE COURSE
As you move closer to actual class date, use this checklist to make sure you are
prepared. Don’t forget that after the class, your work is not finished. The important
task of mentoring has just begun.
On the next page is a suggested guideline; make adjustments to it as needed.

Instructor’s Checklist
One Month Prior Two Weeks Prior to Class One Week Prior Class Ongoing after Class
Answer Questions As They Occur
Review Course work

Create own material, as
needed
Promote Class
Announce Schedule
Send Classroom Report
Register as a local instructor
for the course on the CDI
website
Gather Registrations
Contact Students
Send Reminders
Collect Book Fees
Order Materials
Print Course Materials
Test Internet Speed
Ensure PC is Virus Free
Gather Materials for Activities

Set up Training Room
Test Equipment
Test or Download Videos
Conduct Classes
Conduct Quizzes
Write Assessments
Answer Class
Questions and E-mails
Follow-up Mentorship
Answer E-mails
Prepare For Next Class

TEACHER’S NOTES: ORDERING BOOKS FOR STUDENTS
Copy and bind the Student Guide for each person and order a copy of Lectures in
Systematic Theology by Henry Thiessen.
978-0802827296 $25.00
Other recommended text books include:

Charts of Christian Theology & Doctrine by H. Wayne House
978-0310416616 $14.00
The Kingdom of the Cults by Walter Martin.

978-0764228216 $20.00
Great Doctrines of the Bible by D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones

978-1433538797 $27.00

DOCTRINE COURSE SYLLABUS
Upon completing this course you will have a solid foundation for further study and will be
able to identify aberrant teachings and heresy.
Subjects Covered:
Contrasting Belief Systems
The Target Model for Evaluating Essential Doctrines
Theology Proper (The nature of God)
The Trinity
Christology (The study of Jesus Christ)
Pneumatology (The study of the Holy Spirit)
God’s Decrees
The Works of God
Angelology (The study of angels)
Anthropology (The study of humanity)
Hamartiology (The study of sin)
Soteriology (The study of salvation)
Ecclesiology (The study of the church)
Eschatology (The study of the end times)
Classroom Sessions Will Involve:

Lectures
Class Discussion
Student to Student Collaboration
Quizzes and Major Examinations (2)
Outside Assignments To Include But Not Limited To:

Outside reading
Completion of student’s statement of faith, supported by Scripture

COURSE GOAL
This course gives students an overview of major Biblical doctrines, putting them in
context of a systematic theology.
Theology is the study of God and how He relates to His universe through His sovereign
will, His decrees and His works.
Systematic theology provides a framework for organizing the findings of theology.

Theology is comprised of doctrines, which are teachings about God and His creation. The
exclusive source for evaluating the veracity of doctrine must be God’s special revelation
which we have preserved in our Bible.
All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for
reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, that the man of God
may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work.
2 Timothy 3:16-17
While most evangelical Christians agree that doctrine should come from the Bible, the
reality is that the influences of culture and church tradition often undermine the clear
teaching of God’s word. Students in this course will learn to evaluate various doctrinal
viewpoints from scripture and determine which doctrines are absolutely essential to the
Christian faith. At the end of the course, students will produce their own statement of
faith comprised of those doctrines for which they would be willing to die.
While not absolutely essential, it is highly recommended that you have first completed
Bibliology and How to Study the Bible as the skills gained in that foundational
course are invaluable for determining and evaluating Biblical doctrine.
Upon completing this course you will have a solid foundation for further study and will be
able to identify aberrant teachings and heresy.

COURSE SCHEDULE
Systematic Theology and Christian Doctrine

Instructor: Fill dates and times per your schedule and have your students copy
it into their guide books.
Date Topic(s) Assignments and Optional

Readings
Session 1 • Part 1: Introduction Read Genesis 1
Date: • Part 2: Where Doctrines Read Hebrews 11-12
Originate
• Part 3: Conflicting Views of Recommended Reading:
God • Thiessen: pp. 1-71
Doctrinal Draft Questionnaire
Assigned
Session 2 • Part 1: The Essence and Doctrinal Draft Due
Date: Attributes of God Recommended Reading:
• Part 2: The Nature of God
• Part 3: The Trinity • Thiessen: pp. 75-99
Session 3 • Quiz #1 Recommended Reading:

Date: • Part 1: The Preincarnate • Thiessen: pp. 206-228
Christ
• Part 2: The Nature of the
Incarnation
Session 3 • Part 3: Implications of the Recommended Reading:
(cont) Cross • Thiessen: 229-250
• Part 4: Resurrection and
Date: Ascension

Date: • Part 1: Pneumatology • Thiessen: 251-256
• Part 2: Works of the Spirit
• Part 3: Fruit of the Spirit
Session 5 • Part 1: Eternal Decrees of God Read Genesis 3

Date: • Part 2: Creation Read Romans 1 -3:20
• Part 3: Alternative views of
Creation Recommended Reading:
• Thiessen: 100-129
Session 6 • Part 1: The Doctrine of Angels Recommended Reading:
Date: • Part 2: The Role of Angels • Thiessen: 131-148
• Part 3: Satan & the Fallen
Angels


Readings
Date: • Mid-Term Exam Recommended Reading:
• Thiessen: 149-167
Session 7 • Part 1: Anthropology Recommended Reading:

Date: • Part 2: The Nature of Man • Thiessen: 168-184
• Part 3: The Fall of Man
Session 8 • Part 1: The Doctrine of Sin Recommended Reading:

Date: • Part 2: The Imputation of Sin • Thiessen: 185-195
• Part 3: Total Depravity
Session 9 • Part 1: Elements of Salvation Recommended Reading:

Date: • Part 2: Mechanics of Salvation • Thiessen: 199-205; 257-
• Part 3: Election & 274
Predestination
Session 10 • Part 1: Regeneration & Recommended Reading:

Date: Justification • Thiessen: 275-305
• Part 2: Sanctification
• Part 3: Assurance of Salvation

Date: • Part 1: Ecclesiology • Thiessen: 309-322
• Part 2: The Mission of the
Church
Session 11 • Part 3: Church Organization & Recommended Reading:

(Cont.) Government • Thiessen: 323-334
• Part 4: Church Ordinances
Date: and Discipline
Session 12 • Part 1: The Doctrine of Hell Recommended Reading:

Date: • Part 2: The Doctrine of Thiessen: 337-353
Heaven
Session 12 • Part 3: The Doctrine of the Recommended Reading:

(Cont) End • Thiessen: 355-379
• Part 4: The 70 Weeks
Date: Prophecy


Readings
Session 13: • Part 1: The End According to Recommended Reading:
Date: Jesus • Thiessen: 380-394
• Part 2: Rapture Doctrine
Session 13 • Part 3: Resurrection Recommended Reading:

(Cont.) • Part 4: Divine Judgment • Thiessen: 395-403
Date:
Date: • Final Exam Personal Doctrine Statement

Due.
Date: • Bibliography
• Final Evaluations
TEACHER’S NOTE: VIDEO SESSIONS AND NOTE GUIDES
The notes in the guides for each video session are designed to focus student attention
on the most important points. Because your students will likely come from a great
diversity of educational backgrounds, some will be more skilled at taking notes than
others. The notes should serve to level the playing field.
It is recommended that you give students the opportunity to read through the notes
before starting the corresponding video. This will allow them to look for the missing
words as the video progresses. After each video ends, you should take time to go over
the note guide with students, answering questions and discussing concepts they might
find confusing.
At the end of most note guides, there will either be a short set of review questions, or a
table entitled Essential Doctrines. These should be completed before moving on to
the next video.

SESSION 1, MODULE 1 - INTRODUCTION TO DOCTRINE
At the end of this lesson, you will:

Know the scope and sequence of the course.
Define and contrast the terms “Doctrine” and “Systematic Theology”
The word “doctrine” is found in the Bible and means an instruction, learning, or
teaching.
And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, in the
breaking of bread, and in prayers.
Acts 2:42
All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for
reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, that the man of God
may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work.
2 Timothy 3:16-17
The study of God and how He relates to His universe is called _theology_______.
Theology, in contrast, is not a word we find by itself in the Bible.
It is derived from two Greek words: The first is theos, which means God. The second is
logos, which literally means “word,” but it is far more than just a word spoken or written
on a page. It carries the idea of the sum total of everything there is to know about a
subject.
Question:
How would you relate the two terms “doctrine” and “theology” to one another?
When we put everything we know about God into an organized framework, we have a
_systematic theology____.

Start thinking about your personal statement of faith. It is to be a series of

concise statements of what you believe with regard to your Christian faith, supported by
applicable scripture. As we begin to look into the nature of God, you will want to start
drafting your statement. As you learn more, you will add to the document, and perhaps
modify the document to more closely conform to what is taught in the Bible. More
information about this assignment to follow in Session 1, Part 3.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: INTRODUCTION TO DOCTRINE
1. What is the relationship between doctrine and theology?

The doctrines, or things we know about God, taken together, make up
theology. So theology is made up of a number of doctrines.
2. Do you think your personal statement of faith might change as you learn more
about the Bible? Why or why not?
Yes. As we learn more about God, we will be able to add doctrines to our
statement of faith.
3. Why is it necessary to have an organized system of belief?

If we know what we believe and why we believe it, we will be less likely
to be deceived by false doctrine.

SESSION 1, PART 2 - WHERE DOCTRINES ORIGINATE
At the end of this session, you will be able to:
Articulate three major sources from which Christian beliefs come.

Defend Scripture as the final authority for all essential doctrine.
Share the “target model” for determining how essential a particular doctrine is.
Evangelical Christians assert that they get their doctrine exclusively from the
___Bible__________ “That we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and
carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the cunning
craftiness of deceitful plotting, Ephesians 4:14
• However, for professing Christians, church ___tradition_____ has a great

deal to do with what they believe about God.
§ We need to be like the noble _Bereans_________ who searched the

Scriptures daily to find out whether these things were so.
Acts 17:11
§ Whether we admit it or not, our _________ culture___________ also has a

profound effect on what we believe.
§ "The heart is deceitful above all things, And desperately wicked; who
can know it?” Jeremiah 17:9
§ The idea that truth is culturally determined comes from ______Post -

Modern___ philosophy.
§ There is a way that seems right to a man, But its end is the way of
death. Proverbs 14:12
• Any doctrine that we claim to believe from the ___Bible_________ must

always be clearly found in the ___Bible_____________.
§ We must never be guilty of perverting the Word of God to support a

doctrine gained from tradition, previous instruction, or solely from our
own reason.
• The Bible, in its original autographs, is the __inspired____ __immutable

__infallible_ _Word___ _of_ _God___.
2 Timothy 3:16
given and interpreted by the working of God the Holy Spirit.

2 Peter 1:20-21.

Label the “Doctrinal Target”
Doctrines to Die For
Doctrines to Defend
Doctrines to Discuss
Doctrines to Dismiss
TEACHER’ NOTE: CONCERNING OPEN-ENDED REVIEW QUESTIONS
Student answers will vary to the questions below, but they should be the basis for class
discussion.

REVIEW QUESTIONS: WHERE DOCTRINES ORIGINATE
1) Has what you believe about God changed since you became a Christian? If so,
give one example.
2) Can you think of a belief or a doctrine that has come primarily from church
tradition?
3) Some evangelical leaders say we need to modify what we teach and how we
worship to appeal to the predominant culture. Do you agree? Why or why not?
4) How would you approach a fellow Christian whose belief differs on a “Doctrine to
Defend”?

SESSION 1, PART 3 – THE THEISTIC VIEW OF GOD
At the end of this session, you will be able to explain the following:
Define and distinguish typical world views with regard to theology.
The Beginning of Wisdom

• "The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy
One is understanding. Proverbs 9:10
The proper goal of theology must be to _know____ _God____.
• “Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.”
Hebrews 11:1
• “… without faith it is impossible to please Him, for he who comes to God must
believe that He is, and that He is a rewarder of those who diligently seek Him.”
Hebrews 11:6
o Two preconditions for pleasing God are …
___Believing He exists._______________
___Believing He rewards seeking Him.___
o Those two principles are the foundation of a _theistic__ view of God.
The belief system that actually denies that God exists: __atheism__________.
“… because what may be known of God is manifest in them, for God has
shown it to them. For since the creation of the world His invisible
attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made,
even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse,”
Romans 1:19-20
o Ecclesiastes 3:11
o The fool has said in his heart, “There is no God.” Psalms 14:1

• The belief system that doubts the existence of God but admits the possibility of His
existence is __agnosticism____.
• The belief system that asserts everything is God and that God is in everything is
__pantheism______.
• The belief system that acknowledges and worships many Gods: __polytheism_____.
• The belief system that acknowledges two offsetting universal forces of equal power is
__dualism_________.
• The belief system that acknowledges the existence of God, but denies that He can be
personally known and asserts that He is not actively involved in His universe is
__deism____________.
• When we act as if God cannot see or doesn’t care what we do, we are acting as
practical ___deists___________.
• The system that believes in a personal, omnipresent, omnipotent God who is and always
has been actively involved in His universe is __theism__________.
§ “And He [God] has made from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the
face of the earth, and has determined their preappointed times and the
boundaries of their dwellings, so that they should seek the Lord, in the hope that
they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of us;
for in Him we live and move and have our being, as also some of your own
poets have said, 'For we are also His offspring.” Acts 17:26-28
§ “God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers
by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has
appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being
the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding
all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins,
sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.” Hebrews 1:1-3
§ “…all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the
called according to His purpose.”
Romans 8:28

REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE THEISTIC VIEW OF GOD
1. According to Hebrews 11:6, what two conditions are necessary before we can please
God?
Believing God exists and that He rewards those who seek Him.
2. Can you think of something you recently did that might qualify you as a practical
deist?
Answers will vary.
3. Do you think it is worthwhile to quote scripture to an individual who does not

recognize the authority of the Bible? Why or why not?
Yes, because faith comes by hearing the word of God. Romans 10:17

ASSIGNMENT: PERSONAL DOCTRINAL STATEMENT
Your personal statement of faith is to be a series of concise statements of what you

believe with regard to your Christian faith, supported by applicable scripture. You
should limit your assertions to those core “bulls-eye” doctrines that are absolutely
essential to your faith.
You may use any format with which you are comfortable; it certainly doesn’t need to
follow the format of the example. Whatever the format, your statement of faith should
answer many of the following questions:
1. What do you believe about the Bible?
2. What is the nature of God?
a. What do you believe about the Trinity?
b. What do you believe about God the Father?
c. What do you believe about God the Son?
d. What do you believe about God the Holy Spirit?

3. What do you believe about the works of God?
4. What do you believe about angels?
5. What do you believe about Satan?
6. What do you believe about the nature of man?
7. What do you believe about sin?


8. What do you believe about salvation?
9. What do you believe about the Church?
10. What do you believe about Heaven and Hell?
11. What do you believe about resurrection?
12. What do you believe about judgment?
13. What do you believe about Jesus’ second coming?
14. What do you believe about eternity?

PERSONAL STATEMENT OF FAITH

KEN AINSWORTH (UPDATED: 2/26/2009)
I believe the Bible, in the original languages and autographs, to be the inspired, inerrant word of
God and the final authority for all matters of faith and practice. 2 Timothy 3:16-17; Hebrews 4:12; 2
Peter 1:19-21
I believe in one God, the Eternal Spirit, who existed from eternity past and will exist to
eternity future. Deuteronomy 6:4. I believe the one God is eternally existent in three
persons, The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Genesis 1:2; Genesis 1:26; Matthew
3:16; John 1:1-3; John 6:27; Hebrews 1:8; Acts 5:3-4; John 14:16 God called the
worlds into being, created man in His own image, and set before Him the ways of life
and death. He is the Creator and Sustainer of all. Genesis 1:1; Psalm 33:6; Isaiah
48:13; Hebrews 1:10
In the person of Jesus Christ, fully God and fully man, He has come to us, shared our
common lot, conquered sin and death and reconciled the world to Himself. I believe in
Christ's virgin birth, His perfectly sinless life, His willing sacrifice of that life on the cross
so that we as sinners may be justified before God. Romans 5:6-9
I believe that Jesus was raised (bodily) from the dead, appeared to many witnesses,
then ascended to rule at the right hand of the Father, interceding for we believers. Acts
1:11 I believe that He will come again to establish His earthly kingdom. Revelation
22:12
I believe the Holy Spirit indwells Christians to draw them closer to God, teaching them
God's Truth, John14:26 testifying of Christ, John 15:26 and helping them with their
Christian walk. John 16:7 He also convicts men of sin and of judgment to come. John
16:8-11 It is the Holy Spirit who leads Christians to righteousness.
I believe the Bible, in the original autographs, to be the only inspired, immutable,
infallible Word of God, 2 Timothy 3:16 given and interpreted by the working of the
Holy Spirit 2 Peter 1:20-21.
I believe that man is born into sin, is totally depraved, Romans 3:23 and cannot have a
relationship with the most holy God apart from Jesus Christ. But by accepting the free
gift of salvation made possible by Christ's death and resurrection, the Christian is able to
receive God's grace through faith, which is a gift of God. Romans 10:9; Romans 3:25-
26; Galatians 3:13; Ephesians 2:8-9 By the indwelling of God the Holy Spirit, the
Christian is progressively sanctified and empowered to perform godly works according to
the will of God. Ephesians 2:10; James 2:15-20

I believe that Jesus Christ indwells and empowers His Church, Ephesians 1:22-23
for the edification of His saints, for evangelizing the lost, Matthew 24:14; Matthew
28:19; Luke 24:47 and for glorifying God in this dark and darkening world. Ephesians
3:10-12
I believe in the bodily resurrection of all men, the saved to life, and the unsaved to
condemnation. John 5:29 I believe there is no work I can do to earn my salvation, so I
must, through the faith granted to me by God, believe that Jesus paid my penalty in full
so that I can spend eternity in heaven with Him. Luke 10:20; John 14:2; Ephesians
2:8-9; Revelation 7:9)
"If you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe in your heart that God raised
Him from the dead, you will be saved." Romans 10:9

SESSION 2, PART 1 – THE ESSENCE AND ATTRIBUTES OF GOD
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to explain:
Why you believe God exists.

The Biblical view of God’s existence.
The weakness of philosophical arguments in proving God’s existence.
The Bible __assumes_____ God’s existence.
• In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Genesis 1:1
Ample evidence for God’s existence:
• __General__ _revelation_ is evidence for God’s existence in the creation.

Romans 1:19-20
• _Special_ _revelation__ is passed down to us in our Bibles. Isaiah 55:11
Arguments from philosophy.
• Argument strictly taken from reason => _a _priori___ argument.
• Argument taken as a conclusion from observations => _a_ __psteriori__

argument.
• Examples of a priori arguments:

• Anselm’s argument
• Clarke’s argument
• Examples of a posteriori arguments:

• Cosmological argument
• Teleological argument
• Moral argument
• Concept of perfection
• Philosophical arguments give a body of evidence that is most easily explained by

God’s existence.
• A philosophic principle stating one should not make more assumptions than
the minimum needed is called _Occam’s _ _Razor_.
• God’s existence requires the fewest assumptions.

• Weakness of philosophical arguments => Starting with human intellect.

• “There is a way that seems right to a man, but its end is the way of death.”
Proverbs 14:12
• "Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the
kingdom of God." John 3:3
• Faith requires intervention by God the _Holy__ __Spirit_.

• “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of
yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should
boast.” Ephesians 2:8-9
• “The fool has said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, and
have done abominable iniquity; There is none who does good.” Psalm
53:1
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE ESSENCE AND ATTRIBUTES OF GOD
1. How does the Bible approach the existence of God?

From the opening verses, the Bible assumes the existence of God.
2. Is there evidence for the existence of God outside of the Bible? Cite scripture to
support your answer.
Yes. Romans 1:19-20; Psalm 19:1-2.
3. What is the primary weakness to any philosophical argument?

Starts with human intellect, Proverbs 14:12

SESSION 2, PART 2 – THE NATURE OF GOD
At the end of this session, you will be able to list and describe:
Characteristics of God’s essence.
God’s essential attributes.
God is Spiritual.
God is personal:
• He has intellect________.
• He has emotions________.
• He has will________.
• He has definable attributes________.
God’s Spiritual Nature

• “God is Spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth."
John 4:24
• "But will God indeed dwell on the earth? Behold, heaven and the heaven of
heavens cannot contain You. How much less this temple which I have built!” 1
Kings 8:27
• “God, who made the world and everything in it, since He is Lord of heaven and
earth, does not dwell in temples made with hands. Nor is He worshiped with
men's hands, as though He needed anything, since He gives to all life, breath,
and all things.” Acts 17:24-25
• God is not made of matter________ as we are; He is a spiritual________

being.

God’s Personal Attributes

• Because God thinks, we know He has intellect______.
• In Scripture, we learn that God displays emotions such as…
§ Jealousy______
§ Anger______
§ Love______
• God has a purpose and displays volition. We say that he has a will______.
God’s Definable Attributes

• God has no beginning and will have no end, so we say He is eternal______.
• God has no limits or boundaries, so we say He is infinite_________.
• God’s power is absolutely limitless, so we say He is omnipotent________.
• God transcends His universe and exists everywhere at once, so we say He is

omnipresent__________.
• God knows absolutely everything there is to know, so we say He is

omniscient_______.
• God never changes, so we say He is immutable_______.
• God always keeps His word and cannot lie, so we say He is true_______.
• There is absolutely no fault in God, so we say He is the very definition of

good_______.
• Related to God’s goodness is the fact that He is sacred beyond anything in His
creation, so we say He is holy_______.
• God has no external cause, so we say He is self-existent_______.
• God is without guilt or sin and His judgments are always perfect, so we way He is
just_______.
• God is the supreme, permanent authority over everything, so we say He is

sovereign_______.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES – THE NATURE OF GOD
For each of the statements below, check where they belong on our doctrinal target.
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
God came into existence when the universe was created. X
God is absolutely sovereign and in complete control of His universe. X
God is self-existent and had no need to be created. X
God never sins, but He sometimes makes mistakes. X
God is an impersonal force. X
God gets angry. X
God will never change. X
There is nowhere we can go to escape God. X

SESSION 2, PART 3 – THE TRINITY
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Describe what is meant by the Trinity.
Cite scriptural evidence for the Trinity.
List some common heresies regarding the Trinity.
Defining the Trinity
• The Trinity presents a problem of comprehension because we cannot fully

understand God in our flesh.
• There is one__ God who eternally exists as three__ distinct persons: Father,
Son and Holy Spirit.
• Despite being three persons, God is one in essence, or essentially one.
• Despite being one God, each person of the Trinity is distinct.
• “When all the people were baptized, it came to pass that Jesus also was
baptized; and while He prayed, the heaven was opened. And the Holy Spirit
descended in bodily form like a dove upon Him, and a voice came from heaven
which said, “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.” (Luke 3:21-22)
• “For there are three that bear witness in heaven: the Father, the Word, and the
Holy Spirit; and these three are one.” 1 John 5:7-8 KJV
Father, Son and Holy Spirit are each 100% God.

• The Father is God by definition.
• “But to the Son He says: “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever; A scepter
of righteousness is the scepter of Your kingdom.” (Hebrews 1:8)
• The writer of Hebrews cites Psalm 45 to indicate that the Father___ Himself
calls the Son______ God.
• “But Peter said, "Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy
Spirit and keep back part of the price of the land for yourself? While it
remained, was it not your own? And after it was sold, was it not in your own
control? Why have you conceived this thing in your heart? You have not lied
to men but to God." Acts 5:3-5
• Peter states that Ananias lied to the Holy Spirit____, and then says that the
lie was directed at God. So the Holy Spirit___ is identified as God.

• In John 17:11, the Father is described as Holy. In Mark 1:24, the Son is
described as Holy. In John 14:26, the Spirit is described as Holy. In
Revelation 15:4, it states that only God___ is holy.
• Father, Son and Holy Spirit were all involved in the creation____ and are in
fact, equal co-Creators____.
Despite the eternal existence of three persons, there is only one____ God.
• "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one!” Deuteronomy 6:4
• "You are My witnesses," says the LORD, "And My servant whom I have chosen,
That you may know and believe Me, And understand that I am He. Before Me
there was no God formed, Nor shall there be after Me”. Isaiah 43:10
• The doctrine of the Trinity is not in conflict with the essential unity___ of God.
The Doctrine of the Trinity is Necessary
• Allows for eternal love___ between members of the Godhead.
• Allows God to reveal___ God.
• Allows God to atone___ for sin and provide a Mediator.
Heresies Regarding the Trinity
1. Modalism____ asserts that God is a single person who reveals Himself in

different forms on different occasions.
2. Dynamic Monarchianism____ assert that only the Father is God. Jesus____

is only a man and the Holy Spirit is an impersonal force.
3. Subordinationism_____ holds that only the Father is God and the Son was
created by the Father at a point in time. The Holy Spirit is only sometimes
included.
4. Arianism________ is the view that only God the Father is eternal. The Son is
the first created being and is not one in essence with the Father. Jesus is called
God as an honorary title. The Holy Spirit is an impersonal force.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE TRINITY
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
God is one God; there is no other. X
God sometimes appears as the Father, sometimes as the Son and X
sometimes as the Holy Spirit.
Jesus was the very first thing God created. X
The Holy Spirit is the force that carries out God’s will. X
The Holy Spirit is 100% God and has always been in existence. X
The “oneness” of God is not in conflict with the three persons of X
God.
Each person of the Trinity is co-equal and co-eternal. X
The fact that we cannot fully comprehend the Trinity does not mean X
that is untrue.

SESSION 3: A LITTLE POP QUIZ
Answer the following questions, supporting your answer from Scripture when
appropriate.
1. What is the source of authority and the basis for all doctrine?
The Bible
2. a. Is there evidence of God’s existence in the world and the universe?
Yes, the creation reveals God. (Psalm 19:1; Romans 1:19-20)
b. Can the existence of God be proven apart from the Bible?
No, but the preponderance of evidence strongly supports the existence of God.
3. Is there any point in quoting Scripture to a non-believer who does not recognize the
authority of the Bible? Why or why not?
Yes, because faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God. (Romans
10:17)

4. Give a name for each of the following theological viewpoints:

a. Insists that there is no God.
Atheism
b. God exists, but He is not personal, nor is He directly involved in His universe.
Deism
c. Admits the possibility of God, but doubts it and believes it is impossible to

know for sure.
Agnosticism
d. Believes in a personal, omnipotent, omnipresent God who is actively involved

in His universe.
Theism
5. True or False: The doctrine of the Trinity states that there are actually three
separate Gods: Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
False
6. True or False: There is only one God, but sometimes He shows up as the Father,
sometimes as the Son, and sometimes as the Holy Spirit.
False

SESSION 3, PART 1 – CHRISTOLOGY: THE PRE-INCARNATE CHRIST

Give Biblical evidence for Christ’s existence in eternity past.
Give Biblical evidence for Christ’s activity in the Old Testament.
Give Biblical evidence that the appearances of the Angel of the Lord are pre-
incarnate appearances of Jesus.
Read and discuss the following:

So the LORD said to Moses, "I will also do this thing that you have spoken; for you have
found grace in My sight, and I know you by name." And he said, "Please, show me Your
glory." Then He said, "I will make all My goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim
the name of the LORD before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I
will have compassion on whom I will have compassion." But He said, "You cannot see My
face; for no man shall see Me, and live." Exodus 33:17-20
No one has seen God at any time. The only begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the
Father, He has declared Him. John 1:18
For there is one God and one Mediator between God and men, the Man Christ Jesus, 1
Timothy 2:5
In this session, we will encounter the term Theophany. A theophany is a manifestation

of God that is tangible to the human senses. There are many theophanies in the Old
Testament. For example, when God appeared to Moses in the burning bush (Exodus
3:2ff), Moses experienced a theophany. Considering the scripture references above, it is
worthwhile discussing which of the Old Testament theophanies were actually
Christophanies, or manifestations of the pre-incarnate Christ. In fact, some assert that
all Old Testament theophanies were in fact Christophanies.
Jesus Christ is our Savior, Prophet___, Priest___ and King___.

John 1:1-5 is an important passage for our understanding of God the Son.
• “The Word”, or ho logos in this passage refers to Jesus__.
• In the beginning,
o Ho logos already was__.
o Ho logos was with__ God.
o Ho logos was__ God.
He existed before the universe existed.

• “And now, O Father, glorify Me together with Yourself, with the glory which I
had with You before the world was.” John 17:5
o From Jesus’ high-priestly prayer, we learn that Jesus was together with
the Father before the world was created.
• Played a key role in creation

• God the Son was present and active throughout the Old Testament.
• God the Son was present and active throughout the Old Testament.
• Christ appears and is called the “Son” in Psalm 2:7 and Jehovah in Genesis 19:24
and appears numerous times as the “Angel of the Lord”.

The Angel of the Lord

• An angel is a messenger__, one who speaks or acts for God.
• Many believe the “Angel of the Lord” in the Old Testament was God the Son.
• New Testament references to “The Angel of the Lord”, Matthew 28:2, This
cannot be Christ, he was in the tomb, Acts 8:26, Acts 27:23, probably not
Christ.
• In the New Testament Christ is always idenditied as being Jesus.
• Paul indicates the activity of the pre-incarnate Christ:
§ “For they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them, and that
Rock was Christ.” 1 Corinthians 10:4
• Appearances of the Angel of the Lord:

• To Hagar (Genesis 16:13): She calls the Angel the God who sees.
• To Abraham stopping Abraham from sacrificing Isaac. Genesis 22:15-16
• The burning bush Exodus 3:2-5
• Going before the children of Israel as they left Egypt. Exodus
14:19;23:20;32:34; 1 Corinthians 10:4
• Intercepting Balaam Numbers 22:22-35
• Speaking to Gideon Judges 6:11-24
• Refreshing Elijah 1 Kings 19:5-7
• Standing before Joshua, the high priest. Zechariah 3:1
God the Son is …
• the Agent of creation____.
• the Sustainer____ of creation.
• the Light____ of revelation.
• our means of communication.
• the Author____ of mediation.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE PRE-INCARNATE CHRIST
To Dismiss
Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
In John 1:1, “The Word” refers to Jesus Christ. X
Because Jesus is God’s Son, God the Father existed before Jesus. X
Jesus is our Prophet, our Priest, and our King. X
Jesus was active in the creation. X
According to Paul, the pillar of fire and the pillar of smoke that led X
Israel in the wilderness was the pre-incarnate Christ.
Christ came into existence when he was born to Mary. X
The appearances of The Angel of the Lord in the Old Testament are X
pre-incarnate appearances of God the Son.

SESSION 3, PART 2 – CHRISTOLOGY: NATURE OF THE INCARNATION

Describe the nature of Christ’s incarnation.
Discuss Jesus’ role as our Prophet, Priest and King.
The Incarnation Defined

• The Word became flesh John 1:14
• God sent forth His Son, born of a woman Galatians 4:4
• He emptied Himself, taking the form of a bondservant and coming in the likeness
of men. Philippians 2:5-8
• He became a little lower than the angels Hebrews 2:9
• God the Son existed from eternity past, but at a point in time, He became a man.
o In becoming man, Jesus maintained His Godhood.
o He is 100% man and 100% God 100% of the time.

The Necessity of the Incarnation
• It was ordained by God____ – He said it would happen.

• Genesis 3:15
• Isaiah 9:6
• Isaiah 7:14
• Micah 5:2
• Psalm 16:8-10
• Daniel 9:24-26
• Zechariah 14:9
• The incarnation reveals the Father____.

• Matthew 6:9
• John 1:18
• John 14:9
• John 16:27
• Matthew 6:8
• Matthew 5:45
• The incarnation made it possible for Christ to die for our sins____.
• Matthew 6:9
• John 1:18
• John 14:9
• John 16:27
• Matthew 6:8
• Matthew 5:45
• Christ paid the penalty for sin

• Isaiah 53:6
• Hebrews 926
• Mark 10:45
• Hebrews 2:9
• 1 John 3:5
• 2 Corinthians 5:21
• The incarnation allows Christ to serve as our High Priest____.

• Hebrews 5:1-4
• Hebrews 2:10
• Hebrews 2:17
• “For we do not have a High Priest who cannot sympathize with our
weaknesses, but was in all points tempted as we are, yet without
sin.” Hebrews 4:15

• Christ came to defeat_____ Satan.

• 1 John 3:8
• Hebrews 2:14
• John 12:31
• John 14:30
• Revelation 20:10
• The incarnation demonstrates to us a holy life________.

• Matthew 11:29
• 1 Peter 2:21
• 1 John 2:6
• But we all, with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the
Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory,
just as by the Spirit of the Lord. 2 Corinthians 3:18
• Christ came to prepare us for His return________.

• Matthew 24:29-31
• Hebrews 9:28
• Romans 8:18-25
• Revelation 5:6
In Summary, God the Son became a man so He could serve as …
• Our Prophet________ – because we need to be delivered from our ignorance of

sin.
• Our Priest________ – because we need someone who can appear on our behalf
in the presence of God. (He is the Mediator.)
• Our King_______ – because He makes us citizens of the Kingdom over which He

rules.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - NATURE OF THE INCARNATION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
From eternity past, Jesus was 100% God. X
When Jesus was born, He gave up being God. X
Jesus needed to live a human life so He could pay the penalty for X
sin.
Jesus was human in every way, except He did not sin. X
Since Jesus is God, He is a Spirit, so His incarnation was in X
appearance only – He wasn’t really flesh and bone.
Jesus serves as our Prophet, our Priest, and our King. X
Because of the incarnation, God the Father is revealed to us. X

SESSION 3, PART 3 – CHRISTOLOGY: IMPLICATIONS OF THE CROSS

Give three reasons why Jesus had to die.
Explain why Good Friday is called Good Friday.
The Cross is absolutely central to the Christian faith.

• Jesus was born to die______.
• The crucifixion is an historical_______ event.
Aspects of Christ’s Death.
• Jesus went to the cross voluntarily.
• Jesus did not die for His own sin because He had no sin. Jesus made a
vicarious sacrifice and died as our substitute_____.
• When Jesus died on the cross, it completely satisfied God’s justice_____ for
those who believe.
• Jesus’ sacrifice offers redemption to us. By believing in His finished work, we
can be redeemed______ from sin’s slavery.
• Jesus sacrifice also provides reconciliation_______. While we were once
estranged from God, through the cross we can be reconciled to Him.
• The cross is Christ’s absolute triumph_____ over Satan.
Why did Jesus have to die?
• We are all sinners______ Romans 3:23.
• All sin must be punished because God is perfectly holy and just.
• The wages of sin is death_____ Romans 6:23 so Jesus had to die to fully
pay for our sins.
• His sacrifice allows us to be reconciled to God.
Why do we call the day Jesus was crucified “Good Friday”?
• It is the day He defeated Satan_____ on our behalf.
• By His sacrifice we are reconciled to God!

SESSION 3, PART 4 – CHRISTOLOGY: RESURRECTION & ASCENSION

State the importance of Jesus’ resurrection.
State at least three benefits (to the believer) of Jesus’ resurrection.
Discuss the implications of Jesus’ ascension and exaltation.
Why is Jesus’ resurrection so important?

• It demonstrates His divine power_____ over everything, including death. Acts
2:28
• It demonstrates God’s acceptance_____ of His sacrifice. Hebrews 10:12-
14
• It was necessary for Jesus to be the head of the Church_____. Ephesians
1:20-22
• It enables us to have a living relationship_____ with Christ. Ephesians 2:6
The Nature of Jesus’ resurrection.

• The resurrection is a real, historical_____ event.
• It was a bodily_____, or physical resurrection. Luke 24:39; Matthew 28:9; Luke
24:41-43
• It was witnessed_____ by many. 1 Corinthians 15:3-8
• It was unique and permanent_____. Revelation 1:18
Implications of the Resurrection:

• It testifies to Christ’s deity_____. Romans 1:4
• It testifies to our justification Romans 4:25
• Jesus continues as our mediator_____ or High Priest. Hebrews 4:14-15;
Romans 8:34
• It enables Jesus to send the Holy Spirit_____. John 16:7; Ephesians
1:17-21

The Ascension
• After His resurrection, Jesus appeared to many witnesses for about 40_____
days, and then ascended into heaven. Acts 1:9-11
• The ascension is also a real, historical event.
• Jesus’ ascension was physical_____, not just spiritual. Eph 4:8-10, 1
Timothy 3:16, 1 Peter 3:22
Exaltation
• When Jesus ascended, God the Father exalted_____ Him, answering the
petition from Christ’s High-Priestly prayer. (John 17:5)
• Jesus retains His glorified body, but at His ascension, He reacquired the
attributes of godhood_____ He had voluntarily set aside.
• Jesus is spiritually_____ present everywhere. Ephesians 4:10
• Jesus continues to be actively involved in His universe. Hebrews 1:3
• Jesus intercedes_____ for His people. Hebrews 4:14
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - RESURRECTION & ASCENSION

To Dismiss
To Defend
To Discuss
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Jesus Christ is the eternal Son of God. X
Jesus is the Agent of creation. X
Jesus is as much God as the Father is God. X
Jesus became a man only for the thirty-some years He walked the X
earth.
While Jesus was still fully God, He voluntarily gave up some of the X
attributes of Godhood while living on Earth.
Jesus didn’t really die on the cross; He merely swooned. X
Jesus death on the cross paid sin’s penalty for all who believe. X
Jesus rose from the dead, ascended to heaven and reigns at the X
right hand of the Father.

SESSION 4, PART 1 – PNEUMATOLOGY: THE HOLY SPIRIT

Explain why the Holy Spirit is a person rather than an impersonal force.
Defend the Holy Spirit’s “Godhood”.
Explain the concept of subordination within the Godhead.
The Holy Spirit Is …

• The third person______ of the Godhead.
• Personal; He is to be called “He”, not “It”.
• One hundred percent God______.
• Too often neglected.
Names and Descriptive Titles of the Holy Spirit.

• Names relating the Holy Spirit to the Father____ or the entire Godhead.
o Spirit of God - Genesis 1:2
o Spirit of the Lord – Luke 4:18
o Spirit of our God – 1 Corinthians 6:11
o Spirit of the Lord God – Isaiah 61:1
o Spirit of your Father – Matthew 10:20
o Spirit of the living God – 2 Corinthians 3:3
o My (God’s) Spirit – Genesis 6:3
• Names relating the Holy Spirit to God the Son____.
o Spirit of Christ – Romans 8:9
o Spirit of Jesus Christ – Philippians 1:19
o Spirit of His Son – Galatians 4:6
o Spirit of the Lord – Acts 5:9
• Direct Names or Personal Titles of the Holy Spirit____.
o Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost)
o Spirit of holiness – Romans 1:4
o Holy One – 1 John 2:20
o Eternal Spirit – Hebrews 9:14
o Spirit of life – Romans 8:2
o Spirit of truth – John 14:17
o The Comforter (Helper) – John 14, 15, 16

Personality of the Holy Spirit.

• Jesus___ refers to the Holy Spirit as a person. John 16:13
• The Holy Spirit is identified with the Father__ and the Son___ in such a
way as to indicate personality. Matthew 28:19; 2 Corinthians 13:14
• The Holy Spirit is identified with us___ in such a way as to indicate
personality. Acts 15:28
• The Holy Spirit possesses personal qualities in that He
o Possesses knowledge___. Isaiah 11:2; Romans 8:27; 1 Corinthians
2:10-11
o Has feelings___. Isaiah 63:10; Romans 15:30; Ephesians 4:30
o Has a will___. (But one and the same Spirit works all these things,
distributing to each one individually as He wills.) 1 Corinthians 12:11
o Can be grieved___. (And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by
whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. Ephesians 4:30
o Can be lied___ to. Acts 5:1-2
o Can be blasphemed___. Matthew 12:31-32
o Can be insulted___. Hebrews 11:29
The Holy Spirit is God!

• In Acts 5:1-4, Peter___ equates the Holy Spirit with God.
• The Spirit’s name is coupled with God, which asserts both His personality and
His deity___. 1 Corinthians 12:4-6
• The Spirit possesses divine attributes.
• He is eternal___. Hebrews 9:14
• He is omnipresent___. Psalms 139:7
• He is omniscient___. John 14:26; 1 Corinthians 2:10
• The Holy Spirit produces divine works.
• He was involved in Creation___. Genesis 1:2; Job 33:4
• He is involved in regeneration___. John 3:5
• He is involved in inspiration___. 2 Peter 1:20-21
• He was involved in Jesus’ resurrection___. Romans 8:11

Subordination
• The Father, Son and Holy Spirit are each wholly God. They are equal in
power___ and authority.
• But the Son willing subordinates Himself to the Father___. John
5:30
• And the Spirit___ willingly subordinates Himself to the Father and the
Son. John 16:13-14
The Role of the Trinity

• The Father is the fullness of the Godhead, invisible, without form. 1 Timothy
6:16
• The Son is the fullness of the Godhead manifested visibly___. Colossians
2:9
• The Spirit is the fullness of the Godhead acting immediately within each of us
to guide us into all truth___ John 16:13 and glorify the Son. John 16:14
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE HOLY SPIRIT

To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
The Holy Spirit is the impersonal power of God working out His will. X
The Holy Spirit was active in the creation. X
In Scripture, the Holy Spirit has names relating to the Father, the X
Son and to Himself.
The Holy Spirit is as much God as the Father and the Son are. X
The Holy Spirit is a psychic force that can be generated by human X
beings.
The Holy Spirit participated in the resurrection of Jesus. X
The Holy Spirit is a person. X
Although equal in power and authority, the Holy Spirit willingly X
subordinates Himself to the Father and the Son.

SESSION 4, PART 2 – PNEUMATOLOGY: WORKS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to identify:

The work of the Holy Spirit in Creation.
The work of the Holy Spirit in all humanity.
The work of the Holy Spirit in believers.
The Holy Spirit In Creation

• And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. Genesis 1:2
• In Genesis 1:1-2, the Hebrew word translated Spirit is rûach, which literally
means “breath” or “wind”____.
• Father, Son and Holy Spirit are all active in the work of creation. The Father
works in His Son, through His Spirit.
The Holy Spirit’s Job Description John 16:7-10

• Convict the world of sin____.
• Convict the world of righteousness____.
• Convict the world of judgment____.
Manifestation of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.

• Characterized by tongues of fire lighting on the disciples and the sound of a
rushing wind.
• The disciples glorified God in languages the speakers did not understand. (Note:
these were natural, human languages.)
• Marked the beginning of the Church____ age.
• Repeated three times, in Samaria, with Cornelius’ household, in Ephesus.

The Holy Spirit’s Work in the Believer.

• The Holy Spirit is responsible for the regeneration____ of believers, bringing
them to spiritual life. John 3:5-6; John 6:63; Titus 3:4-7
• Closely related to regeneration is indwelling____. When a person accepts

Christ, the Spirit comes to live in the believer. 1 Corinthians 3:16; Romans
8:9
• Believers are baptized____ in the Holy Spirit by Christ, uniting them into one
body, the Church. Mark 1:8; 1 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 1:13
• Believers are sealed____ with the Holy Spirit, providing a statement of

ownership, guaranteeing our final redemption. Ephesians 1:13; 2 Corinthians
1:22; Ephesians 4:30; Romans 16
• Because the Holy Spirit lives within the Christian, the believer is
empowered____ to live a more holy life. Romans 8:13
• The Holy Spirit teaches____ believers. John 14:26
• The Holy Spirit inspired the writing of the Bible, but He also helps us interpret it
rightly. The Holy Spirit leads believers into truth____ by illuminating the Bible.
John 14:26
• We Christians are certainly not free from sin, but in the Holy Spirit, we have a
guide____ who can lead us to a more holy life. Galatians 5:16

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - WORKS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT

To Dismiss
To Defend
To Discuss
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
The Holy Spirit has always been at work in the creation. X
The Holy Spirit’s job is to convict the world of sin, righteousness and X
judgment.
The Holy Spirit is the Agent of the new birth, as He causes us to be X
born from above.
Speaking in tongues (as at Pentecost) is not the normative way the X
Holy Spirit manifests Himself today.
It is possible to come to Christ apart from the work of the Holy X
Spirit.
The Holy Spirit indwells all true believers. X
The Holy Spirit works in believers to guide the process of X
sanctification.

SESSION 4, PART 3– PNEUMATOLOGY: THE FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT

Distinguish between Spiritual Gifts and Spiritual fruit.
Explain how the growth of Spiritual fruit serves as assurance of salvation.
Give examples of Spiritual fruit that can be recognized in the believer.
Examples of Spiritual Gifts

• From Romans 12:6-8, examples of spiritual gifts are given as prophesy,
ministry, teaching, exhortation, giving, leadership, showing mercy.
• Another list in 1 Corinthians 12:8-10 lists word of wisdom, word of

knowledge, faith, healings, working of miracles, prophecy, discerning of
spirits, tongues, interpretation of tongues.
• Still another list in 1 Corinthians 12:28-30 includes apostolic ministry,

teaching, miracles, gift of healing, helps, administrations, varieties of
tongues, interpretation.
• Ephesians 4:11 lists apostolic ministry, prophesy, evangelism, and

pastoral/teaching ministry.
• Spiritual gifts are distributed as the Holy Spirit wills____, not to all, but to
some.
• Spiritual gifts edify____ (build up) the body of believers.

Spiritual Fruit
• The result of the Holy Spirit’s presence____ in all____ believers.
• More clearly seen as believer matures____.
• Gives assurance____ of salvation.
• Examples of Spiritual Fruit
o Love (agapē) - an active love for God and one's fellow man.
o Joy (chara) – an attitude of rejoicing regardless of circumstance.
o Peace (eirēnē) - peacefulness and serenity of character and
peacemaking among people.
o Longsuffering (makrothumia) – patience with others who may be quite
inconvenient.
o Kindness (chrēstotēs) – being kindly disposed toward others
o Goodness (agathōsunē) –An attitude that seeks to serve others or
come to their aid.
o Faithfulness (pistis) - steadfastness in one's relationships with God and
other people.
o Gentleness (praotēs) – meekness; accepting God's will in dealing with
others.
o Self-control (egkrateria) – the ability to keep oneself in check and
aligned with God’s will.
• Spiritual fruit is produced by the Spirit, but requires effort on the part of the
Christian. Philippians 2:12-13; 2 Peter 1:8; 2 Peter 1:10

REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT
1. What is the difference between Spiritual gifts and spiritual fruit?
Spiritual gifts are abilities given by the Holy Spirit to some individuals for
the advancement of the Gospel and the edification of the Church.
Spiritual fruit refers to characteristics that all believers should
increasingly manifest as they mature.
2. Give an example of the growth of Spiritual fruit you recognize in your own life.
Answers will vary.
3. If a person claims to know Christ, but there is no evidence of Spiritual fruit, what
might you say to him or her?
Answers will vary.

QUIZ: PNEUMATOLOGY
1. The doctrine of God the Holy Spirit is called ___Pneumatology____________.

(This should be a “gimme!”)
2. True or False: The Holy Spirit is an impersonal force. False___________
3. True or False: The Holy Spirit is not equal in power to God the Father. False_________
4. What is the Holy Spirit’s function in the world? John 16:8
a. __Convict the world of sin_______________
b. __Convict the world of righteousness_______
c. __Convict the world of the judgment to come_
5. According to John 16:13, what will the Holy Spirit do for us?
a. Guide us into all truth
6. According to John 16:14, what will the Holy Spirit do for Jesus?
a. Glorifies Christ
7. Briefly explain what is meant by the “Doctrine of Subordination”.
a. Although Christ is fully God, equal in power, knowledge and eternality,

He submits to the will of the Father. Although the Holy Spirit is fully
God, equal in power, knowledge and eternality, He willingly submits to
the Father and the Son.
8. What is the difference between Spiritual gifts, and the fruit of the Spirit?
a. Spiritual gifts are distributed as the Spirit wills, not to all, but to some
for the edification of the Church and the glory of God.
b. The fruit of the Spirit is the result of the Holy Spirit's presence and
working in the lives of maturing believers. Spiritual fruit will be
manifest in all believers, more so as they mature.

SESSION 5, PART 1 – THE ETERNAL DECREES OF GOD

Define the term “Decrees of God.”
Understand the inevitability of God’s decrees.
Explain how God’s eternal decrees support His absolute sovereignty.
Be prepared to give a response to the apparent contradiction of God’s
sovereignty and man’s free agency.
TEACHER’S NOTE: SOVEREIGNTY VS. RESPONSBILILTY
The apparent contradiction between God’s sovereignty and human responsibility will
likely cause difficulty for some of your students. It may even bring up the doctrine of
divine election. Try not to use too much class time on this for now, as it will be
addressed again in a future lesson.
Eternal decrees are those ordinances by which God, in His perfect wisdom,
determined to accomplish His purpose.
• From eternity, God has had an unchangeable plan____ with regard to His
creation. Ephesians 1:4; 2 Timothy 1:9
• God comprehends and determines___ all things and events that come to
pass. Ephesians 1:11; Proverbs 21:1; Philippians 2:13
• However, God does not sin!
• God does allow sin, but He always superintends___ it for His own
perfect purpose. Acts 2:23; Job 1:12; Acts 4:27-28
• All God’s decrees are unconditional and sovereign.
• God’s decrees are by no means dependent on human action.
• The end that God has in view will inevitably come to pass. Daniel
4:35; Ephesians 1:5; Romans 9
• The decrees of God are efficacious. Nothing can ever prevent God’s will!
• The decrees of God are always perfectly consistent with His holy nature.
Habakuk 1:13

Human Free Agency

• God does grant us a certain amount of freedom____ within the temporal
realm.
• We call this His permissive____ will.
• God holds us responsible____ for the exercise of this freedom, yet overrules
it all so His ultimate end will be accomplished.
• Our inability to reconcile His absolute sovereignty with human free agency is
not a contradiction; it is a result of our inability to fathom the mind of God.
Romans 9:20-23
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE ETERNAL DECREES OF GOD
1. What is meant by God’s eternal decrees?
Eternal decrees are those ordinances by which God, in His perfect

wisdom, determined to accomplish His purpose.
2. Is there a chance that God’s decrees might not come to pass?
No, none whatsoever.
3. What is meant by the statement “God is sovereign”?
The end that God has in view will inevitably come to pass.
4. If God is sovereign, how can evil persist?
God allows evil, but will always superintend it for his own ultimate
purpose and glory.

SESSION 5, PART 2 –CREATION
Describe the relationship between general revelation and special revelation.

Give a reason why secular scientists or theologians might be in error.
Give the essence of the Biblical creation account.
General Revelation
• God reveals Himself in the Creation___. Psalms 19:1-2; Romans 1:20
• This revelation is available___ to all.
• This revelation is true___, because it is impossible for God to lie. Hebrews
6:18
Special Revelation
• Given through God’s Prophets___ and Apostles.
• Preserved in the Bible___.
• Gives the way of salvation.
• Is absolutely true___ because it is impossible for God to lie. Hebrews 6:18
Interpretation of God’s Revelation
• Secular Science seeks truth by the interpretation of general___ revelation.
• Secular Science can be wrong.
• Problem is with the interpretation___ of general revelation.
• Theology seeks truth by the interpretation of special___ revelation.
• Theologians can be wrong.
• Problem is with the interpretation___ of special revelation.
• It is possible for secular science to inform___ theology.
• The Bible___ should___ inform secular science.
“The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of
the Holy One is understanding.” Proverbs 9:10
• On doctrines central to salvation___, the Bible has never been, nor will it
ever be proven wrong.
• The essence___ of the creation story cannot be disproved by science.

The Essence of the Creation Story Genesis 1

• God created everything.
• God created the universe out of nothing___.
• God created the universe systematically___.
• The creation account is true, although not exhaustive___.
• The entire Godhead was involved.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: CREATION
1. Is it possible for secular science to inform theology?
Yes, in that it can cause us to reexamine our interpretation of Scripture

to be sure it is accurate.
2. Why should we not compromise with science on doctrines clearly taught in

scripture?
Science can and certainly has misinterpreted General Revelation.
3. What is the essence of the Biblical creation story in 5 steps?
God created everything … from nothing … systematically. The creation

account is true, but not exhaustive. And the entire Godhead was
involved.

SESSION 5, PART 3 – ALTERNATIVE VIEWS OF CREATION

Describe several alternative views on creation and determine which views are
compatible with the Bible.
Describe the “gap theory” in relation to Genesis 1:1-2 and explain how some
believers use it to reconcile Young Earth and Old Earth viewpoints.
Fundamental Questions from a Biblical Perspective:

1. Is matter eternal? No!___
2. Was matter generated spontaneously? No! ___
3. Is matter a form of God as the pantheists
maintain? No! ___
4. Are both God and matter eternal? No! ___
5. Was matter created by another, antagonistic spirit,
then merely formed by God? No! ___
6. The Bible clearly teaches that God made everything
out of nothing.
Contrasting Views of Creation

Atheistic Evolution:
• God is not involved___ at all.
• Matter and energy, in some form, are eternal___.
• Life originated by chance___.
• Species originate by a series of favorable___ mutations.
Theistic Evolution:
• Evolution is the process___ by which God created all life on Earth.
• God created earth with the ability to evolve___ into present reality.
• God might be hands-off (Deistic point of view) or hands-on, guiding the process
over time.
Progressive Creationism:
• Accepts present scientific model of the age of the earth.
• Reconciles it with the Bible by putting large periods of time___ between each
day.
• Has many problems in reconciling with Genesis account.

The Gap Theory

• Genesis 1:1 refers to original creation.
• Between verse 1 and 2, Satan rebelled___ and was cast out of Heaven.
• The phrase “without form and void” indicates condition of destruction caused by
the rebellion.
• Beginning with verse 2, God’s reconstructs___ the heavens and earth.
• This explanation was put forth in the Scofield Bible notes.
Literal Creationist View:

• God created heavens and Earth in 6 literal days.
• God created all things from nothing by the power of His word.
• God created man directly___; not through process of evolution.
Why did God create the Universe?

• The reason is not given.
• But God did create everything.
• And God also maintains His creation.

TEACHER’S NOTE: YOUNG EARTH VS. OLD EARTH
There may be some significant disagreement with my placement of the check marks
in this table. As a young-earth guy myself, I am quite prone to defend the creation of
the world in 6 literal days. But I do not believe my viewpoint is essential to
salvation, so I can enjoy Christian fellowship with my old-earth believing brothers
and sisters.
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - CREATION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Matter and energy are eternal. X
God created everything out of nothing. X
God created the universe in six, literal 24 hour days. X
The apparent age of the universe can be explained by a temporal X
gap between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2 when Satan fell.
God created the universe in such a way that it requires no further X
intervention from Him.

SESSION 6, PART 1 – ANGELOLOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF ANGELS

Describe what the Bible reveals about angels.
Understand angel’s created nature.
List the classes of angels revealed in scripture.
Angels Described
• The term ‘angel’ means a messenger___.
o Does not necessarily mean the class of spiritual beings now being
considered.
o In Revelation 2 - 3, for example, it is more likely that Jesus is
addressing the pastors___ of the seven churches.
• The angels we are considering are spiritual, created___ beings.
o They are not eternal.
o They were created by God at some point, certainly before___ humans
were created.
• In some places, sons of God might___ refer to angels. Job 1:6
o This is not to equate them with the eternal Son of God.
o It may simply refer to creatures created by God.
• They are called the Host___ of Heaven. 2 Chronicles 18:18; Psalms
148:2; Luke 2:13
Origin of Angels
• Created by God. Nehemiah 9:6; Colossians 1:16
• Angels were created in great numbers___. Matthew 26:53; Hebrews
12:22; Revelation 5:11
• Angels were created before___ the earth. Job 38:7
• They were created in a higher __ order than man. Psalms 8:4-5
• Angels do not die___. Luke 20:35-36; Hebrews 2:9
• They will either live forever in the presence of God…
• …or they will suffer forever in the Lake of Fire___.

Classes of Angels.
• Michael___ the Archangel. Jude 1:9; Revelation 12:7; Daniel 12:1
• Gabriel___, the other named angel. Daniel 8:15-16; Luke 1:19; 26-27
• Seraphim___ are angels who have the task of guarding the divine throne.
Isaiah 6:2-3; Revelation 4:8
• Cherubim___ are angels who are assigned to guard the Gates of Eden in
Genesis 3:24. They also were represented on the Ark of the Covenant and
decorated Solomon’s Temple.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: ANGELOLOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF ANGELS
1. What are angels?
Angels are spiritual beings created by God before the creation of the
universe.
2. What are the classes of angels found in scripture?
a. Archangel (Michael)
b. Gabriel (Possibly a seraph)
c. Seraphim
d. Cherubim

SESSION 6, PART 2 – ANGELOLOGY: THE ROLE OF ANGELS

Describe the role of the elect angels with respect to God, Jesus, believers and
unbelievers.
Angels Reside in the presence of God in Heaven___. Matthew 22:30; 18:10;

Revelation 5:11
• Angels exist to serve and glorify___ God.
§ Angels’ primary job is to worship, praise and glorify their
creator. Revelation 5:11-12; Isaiah 6:3-4
• Angels are also tasked with ministering___ to Christ and will attend His
second coming. Matthew 2:13; 4:11; 25:31;28:5-7; Luke 1:26-38;
22:43; Acts 1:10
• Angels observe the wonder of salvation___. Ephesians 3:10; 1 Peter 1:12
• Angels minister to believers. Hebrews 1:14
§ They provide physical protection___. Psalms 91:11-13
§ They provide encouragement___. Acts 27:23-25
§ Angels assist in answering prayer___. Daniel 9:20-27
§ Angels carry believers___ home. Luke 16:22
• Angels are engaged in the battle with evil___. Daniel 10:20-21;
Revelation 12:7
• Angels carry out judgment___ on God’s enemies. Matthew 13:49-50;
Revelation 20:1-2
• To summarize the nature of angels:
o Angels are incorporeal spirits, not material beings. Hebrews 1:14,
Ephesians 6:12
o Angels do not marry or die. Matthew 22:30, Luke 20:36
o Angels are more intelligent than humans, but they are not omniscient.
Daniel 9:21-23; Matthew 24:36
o Angels worship God and are not to be worshipped. Hebrews 1:6.
Colossians 2:18
o Angels have an interest in and participate in earthly affairs.
Revelation 22:8-9, Matthew 24:36, 1 Peter 1:12

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE ROLE OF ANGELS
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Angels are created, spiritual beings. X
Angels were created to worship, serve and glorify God. X
Since they reside in heaven, angels know everything God knows. X
Angels are more intelligent than humans, so we should pray to X
them.
Angels will attend Jesus’ second coming. X

SESSION 6, PART 3 – ANGELOLOGY: SATAN AND THE FALLEN ANGELS

Discuss the existence and malevolence of Satan.
Tell the reason for Satan’s fall.
Discuss the extent and limits of Satan’s power.
Describe the activity of Satan’s angels (demons).
Tell the ultimate end of Satan and his evil angels.
Satan is real and very personal. John 8:44

• Personal names for Satan.
§ Satan, which means adversary___.
§ The devil, that is, a slanderer___.
§ Beelzebub___ means prince of devils or lord of flies.
§ Apollyon means the destroyer___.
§ Lucifer___ is a shining one, or the morning star.
• Descriptive names for Satan:
§ Prince of this world
§ God of this world
§ Angel of the bottomless pit
§ Prince of the power of the air
§ The spirit who now works in the sons of disobedience Ephesians
2:2
§ The dragon
§ That old serpent
§ The evil one
• Satan was created as a beautiful, powerful, intelligent angel___. Ezekiel
28:13-15
§ But Satan rebelled___ and fell. Ezekiel 28:15
§ The primary cause of his fall was apparently pride___. Ezekiel
28:17
§ Although he had an exalted position, he wanted to be
worshipped___ himself. Revelation 12:7-9

• The Satanic rebellion.

§ Satan Rebelled Revelation 12:3-4, Isaiah 12-14
§ Satan seduced one-third of the created angels__ into joining his
rebellion. Revelation 12:3-4
§ These became Satan’s angels, the demons___.
§ No specific time is given in Scripture, but his rebellion must have
happened before the fall of man.
• Satan’s power is massive, but not unlimited.
§ He cannot go beyond the limits God sets on him. Job 1:12
§ Satan is not omnipotent, omnipresent, nor omniscient.
§ Satan can be resisted by submitting___ to God. James 4:7
• The evil angels – Satan’s demons.
§ Demons rebelled and fell with Satan Revelation 12:4
§ Demons can inflict disease Luke 13:11; 13:16
§ Demons can influence the mind. 2 Corinthians 4:4; Ephesians
2:2
§ Demons deceive people and nations. Ephesians 2:2; Revelation
16:14
• As powerful and malevolent as Satan and his minions are, they will not___
prevail.
§ Jesus already defeated them on the cross. Matthew 25:41; 2
Peter 2:4; Jude 1:6; Revelation 12:9
§ Satan and his angels will spend eternity in the Lake of Fire.
Revelation 20:10

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - SATAN AND THE FALLEN ANGELS
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Satan is engaged in a rebellion against God and the end is still in X
doubt.
Satan is real, personal, malevolent, and he opposes God and His X
people.
Satan is omnipresent, that is, he is everywhere at once. X
Satan is among the most powerful angels ever created, but his X
power is limited by God.
Satan can be resisted by submitting to God. X
The demons were created as such by God. X
Satan and his demons will spend eternity in the Lake of Fire. X

QUIZ: MID-TERM
Answer each of the following questions, citing Scripture where appropriate. You may
use your Bible, textbook, reference works, computer, teacher-generated notes, or your
own notes. Despite what you might have heard from the secular court system, prayer is
very appropriate in school – especially before and during tests!
Section 1: Vocabulary – Define each of the following terms.
1. Pantheism
The belief that all things are God.
2. Polytheism
Belief in many Gods.
3. Deism
Belief in a remote, unknowable God who is not intimately involved with

the universe He created.
4. Atheism
Belief that there is no God.
5. Agnosticism
Admits the possibility of God’s existence, but doubts that it is so.
6. Theism
Belief in a transcendent, personal God who is intimately involved with

His universe.

7. Infinite
Without limits.
8. Eternal
Without beginning or end.
9. Holy
Exalted or worthy of complete devotion as one perfect in goodness and

righteousness.
10. Omnipotent
All-powerful, no limits to what can be done.
11. Immutable
Unchangeable.
12. Omnipresent
Existing everywhere at once.
13. Theology
The study of God.

14. Doctrine
A teaching, specifically about God.
15. Pneumatology
The study of the Holy Spirit.
16. Christology.
The study of God the Son.
17. Anthropology
The study of human beings.
18. Atheistic evolution.
A theory which attempts to explain the origin of the species through a

series of beneficial mutations with the fittest organisms winning a battle
for survival. No God is involved in the process.
19. Theistic evolution
A theory that God used the mechanism of evolution to create the species.
20. The Gap Theory of Genesis
A theory that attempts to explain the apparent age of the universe by

stating that a long temporal gap exists between Genesis 1:1 and Genesis
1:2.

Section II: Short Answer – Answer each of the following in a phrase or a

sentence. Cite Scripture where appropriate.
21. When we say “the pre-incarnate state of Christ”, what are we talking about?
God the Son has existed from eternity past and did not come into being
when He was born to Mary. He shows up throughout the Old Testament,
often referred to as the Angel of the Lord.
22. What do we mean when we talk of God’s “personality”?
God exhibits characteristics of personhood such as intellect, emotion,

and will. He is not an impersonal force.
23. If you could use only two words to describe God’s nature, what would they be?
Cite scripture to support your answer.
Answers will vary. One possible pair is Holy (Isaiah 6:3) and Love (1
John 4:8)
24. In class, we have said “God is knowable, but He is not comprehensible.” Explain
what that means, and cite scripture to support your answer.
It is impossible for us to exhaustively understand all that God is (Isaiah

55:9; Romans 11:33) but God has graciously revealed Himself to us to
the extent that we are capable of knowing Him. (Psalm 19:1-2; John
1:18)
25. In reference to the Trinity, what is significant about the word used for God in
Genesis 1:1?
The word used (Elohim) is plural, implying His plural nature. The
singular word for God is El.

26. What is our source of authority for developing doctrine? Support your answer
from Scripture.
The Bible is our sole source for developing doctrine. (2 Tim 3:16)
27. Why was it important that Jesus Christ live a perfect, sinless life? Support your
answer from Scripture.
If Christ had sinned, he would have to pay for His own transgressions
and could not have paid for ours. (2 Corinthians 5:21)
28. Briefly state the doctrine of the Trinity.
There is only one God. That God is eternally existent in three persons,
Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Each person of the Trinity is fully God and
fully distinct. The triune nature of God is not in conflict with His unity,
despite the difficulty we humans have of comprehending it.
29. Is it possible for us, while in our flesh, to understand the Trinity? Why or why
not?
Not comprehensively. Our minds are not capable of fully comprehending

all that God is.
30. Why should we quote Scripture to an unbeliever, even if he/she does not
acknowledge the authority of Scripture? I guess you’d better cite Scripture to
support this one!
So then faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God. (Romans
10:17)
God speaks through His word, even to those who might not acknowledge
it.

Section III: Contending for the Faith – Assume that a friend or acquaintance has
made each of the following statements. If they are true, based on the Word of God, say
so. If they are not, write “False” and explain why the statement is incorrect.
31. 1 Corinthians 8:1-5 proves that there are more gods than one.
False – This passage speaks of idols as false gods. Verse 4 clearly states
that there are no other gods but the one true God.
32. The Father, Son and Holy Spirit were all involved in the creation of the world.
True
33. All the philosophical arguments, taken together, will not absolutely prove the
existence of God, but the preponderance of evidence certainly leads to that
conclusion. That’s what Paul is saying in Romans 1:20.
True
34. The Holy Spirit is described in the Bible as God’s divine power, the “force” behind
His actions.
False – The Holy Spirit is a person just as much as the Father and the
Son are. He exhibits intelligence, will and emotion, all of which are
attributes of personhood.
35. You Christians are polytheists, because you believe in three gods.
False – We believe that there is only one God, but that one God is
eternally existent in three persons. God’s triune nature is not in conflict
with His essential oneness.

36. Every Christian doctrine can be supported by using the Old Testament alone.
True
37. Philippians 2:7-10 shows that Jesus humbled Himself by becoming a man.
True
38. Jesus has always been in existence, and Proverbs 8:22-36 shows this.
True, but a much better proof text would be John 8:58.
39. The Son and the Spirit are just different manifestations of the same God. Isaiah
9:6 proves that Jesus is really the Everlasting Father.
False – The Son and the Spirit are distinct members of the Trinity. At
Jesus’ baptism (Matthew 3:13-17) all three were clearly present at the
same time.
40. The Holy Spirit is not eternal like the Father and the Son. It came into being on
the Day of Pentecost. (Acts 2)
False – The Holy Spirit is eternal. This can easily be seen from Genesis
1:2.

Section IV: Apologetics – Consider the following scenario, then frame your answer
with Biblical proofs.
41. A co-worker comes to you at lunch and says “I see you always have your Bible
with you. Can you tell me why in the world you believe in God?”
Answers will vary. Key issues to look for include the following:
• A statement describing the student’s conversion experience. It

should be brief.
• A statement describing the depravity of man, citing an appropriate
scripture like Romans 3:23.
• A statement describing the inevitability of judgment & hell, citing an
appropriate scripture like Hebrews 9:26 or Romans 6:23.
• A statement describing God’s love, citing a scripture like Romans 5:8.
• A statement describing the need for faith in Christ’s finished work
alone, citing scripture like John 6:29; John 11:25-26 or Romans 10:9.

SESSION 7, PART 1 – ANTHROPOLOGY: THE IMAGE OF GOD
Define anthropology.
Discuss what is meant by the image of God in man.
Anthropology defined:
• The study of humankind____, past and present.
• Biblical anthropology is the study of humankind as it relates to God____.
The Bible tells us that man was specially created in the image and likeness of
God. Genesis 1:26-27
• This is often referred to by the Latin Imago Dei, which means the image____ of
God.
• In the original Hebrew, it is tselem, which can be translated as image, likeness,
resemblance, a representative figure.
• Tselem is not____ an exact duplicate; it represents the original in an imprecise
manner, so man was not created equal to God.
o God’s image in us lacks the reality____ of the original.
o But God made man in such a way as to reflect____ some of His own
perfections.
o Originally, humans were created to be perfect in knowledge,
righteousness, and holiness, exercising dominion____ over the creatures
on Earth. Genesis 1:26–1:27

Contrasting Views Regarding the Nature of God’s Image in Man.

• Substantive View: God’s image consists in a definite physical, intellectual,
and spiritual way within the nature of man.
• Tends to define God in terms of man___, which is not a good idea.
• Physical characteristics of man are irrelevant because God is
Spirit___. John 4:24
• Functional View: the image of God is speaking to what man does.

• God rules the universe___ and God ordained man to rule (have
dominion) over the creation on Earth. Genesis 1:26 – 28
• This is problematic in that God created man in His image before___
He gave man dominion over creation. Therefore, there must be more
to God’s image than just dominion.
• Relational View: when we interact by faith with Jesus Christ (in relationship
with Him), we have the image of God restored___ in us. 2 Corinthians
3:18
• Problematic in that unregenerate___ people retain at least some of
God’s image in them. Genesis 9:6; James 3:9
• Reformed View: God’s likeness in man is an intellectual, spiritual, moral

and social likeness. Psalms 8:4-9; 1 Corinthians 15:42-49; Ephesians
4:22-24; Colossians 3:9-10
• Combines elements of all three viewpoints already discussed.
• The image of God in man is obscured___, but not destroyed by sin.
• In Christ, the image of God is restored, imperfectly___ in this life,
but perfectly at Christ’s second coming.

REVIEW QUESTIONS: ANTHROPOLOGY: THE IMAGE OF GOD
1. What is your definition of Biblical Anthropology?
The study of humankind as it relates to God.
2. According to the Reformed View, man is said to reflect God’s image in four
aspects. What are they?
a. An intellectual likeness
b. A spiritual likeness
c. A moral likeness
d. A social likeness
3. Why is God’s image so poorly reflected in human beings today?
God’s image has been defaced by sin – defaced but not completely
erased.
4. What does the work of Christ accomplish with respect to the Imago Dei?
God’s image is progressively restored in the believer and will be

perfectly restored at the Resurrection.

SESSION 7, PART 2 – ANTHROPOLOGY: THE NATURE OF MAN

Discuss the nature of man as he was first created.
Discuss humankind’s purpose as directed by God.
Contrast the dichotomous and trichotomous views of man’s nature.
The Purpose of Humankind, according to God’s blessing. Genesis 1:27-28

a. Humans were to be fruitful___ and multiply.
b. Humans were to fill___ the Earth.
c. Humans were to subdue___ the Earth and exercise dominion (or rule) over
the Earth.
The Universal Food Source:

• Herbs and fruit were given for men and women to eat; humans were created
as vegetarians___. Genesis 1:29
• All animals were originally herbivores___. Genesis 1:30
• Humans and animals shared a perfectly balanced environment___ with no
death or decay. The second law of thermodynamics did not apply. Genesis
1:31
Man’s Unique Place in Creation

• God simply spoke___ the world into existence. Similarly, He created all living
things.
• Adam was created in a special___ way. Genesis 2:7
• Eve was also created in a unique manner. Genesis 2:21-22
• We are not just another species of animal; we were formed___ by God and
received the breath___ of life directly from Him.

The Original State of Humankind

• We were the corporeal___ image of the incorporeal God.
• We shared a spiritual relationship___ with God–man’s life was inbreathed of
God.
• We had personality___ like God’s (sentient, intelligent, rational [and free?])
• Adam and Eve were created holy, pure, and without sin___.
• We possessed pure love___.
• We exercised dominion___ over creation.
The Constitution of Man

• Two theories are proposed by theologians.
o Man is dichotomous___, consisting of body and soul.
o Man is trichotomous___, consisting of body, soul and spirit.
• Arguments for a Dichotomous Nature:

o Genesis 2:7 shows God breathed only one “thing” into man – a soul.
o A number of references use soul and spirit interchangeably.
o Matthew 10:28, 1 Corinthians 5:3 and 3 John 2 speak of body and
soul comprising the whole person.
o Humans can distinguish a physical body and an immaterial consciousness,
but nobody can tell the difference between body and soul.
• Arguments for a Trichotomous Nature:

o The “breath of life” in Genesis 2:7 is plural, and should read “breath of
lives”.
o 1 Thessalonians 5:23 clearly distinguishes between soul and spirit.
o 1 Corinthians 2:14 and 1 Corinthians 3:1-4 establish a threefold
organization of man’s being (natural, carnal, spiritual).
o Pneuma (spirit) is distinguished from psyche (soul) in the New Testament.
In Matthew 27:50, Christ is said to have given up His life by “dismissing
His Spirit”, but surely He remained in possession of His soul.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE NATURE OF MAN
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Humans were directly and specially created by God. X
The image of God in man is an intellectual, spiritual, moral and X
social likeness.
When God created Adam and Eve, they were without sin. X
Humans are the most intelligent of animals, but animals X
nonetheless.
In the original creation, humans were vegetarians and animals were X
herbivores because there was no death.
Human beings have a Trichotomous nature. X
God created humans to exercise dominion over the Earth. X

SESSION 7, PART 3 – ANTHROPOLOGY: THE FALL OF MAN

Describe the fall of man.
Compare and contrast the fall of man with the fall of Satan.
Describe the implications of the fall.
Review: Satan’s Fall Ezekiel 28:11-19; Isaiah 14:12-15

• The motivation for Satan’s rebellion was pride___ and the desire to be exalted as
God.
• There was no external___ temptation that influenced Satan to rebel.
Questions from Revelation 12:1-9:

1. Who is the woman clothed in the sun? (v. 1)
Some say this is Mary, the human mother of Christ. Others assert this
refers to the nation Israel, which God often referred to as His wife. I
believe she represents God’s covenant community from both the Old and
New Testament eras. It also hearkens back to the first Messianic
prophecy in Genesis 3:15.
2. What is the meaning of the dragon’s tail in verse 4?
I believe this refers to the satanic rebellion where Satan drew a third of
the created angels into his treason. (Other opinions do exist.)
3. Who is represented by the woman’s Child?

This is Jesus, the Christ child.

4. What are the implications of the dragon being cast out of heaven?
A great spiritual war is engaged with Michael leading the forces of God
and Satan opposing him. While the battle is still engaged, Satan
continues to deceive and rule on Earth. However, the outcome is not in
doubt; Satan and his forces will be cast into the Lake of Fire.
The Fall of Man Genesis 3:1-24

Questions from Genesis 3:
1. Who is the serpent in verse 1?
Satan.
2. What did Satan use to tempt Eve?

Satan caused her to question the clear commandment of God that she
was not to eat of the tree in the midst of the garden.
3. Why was this sin?

Faith is believing God and acting on that belief. Failure to do either is
cosmic treason against God … for whatever is not from faith is sin.
Romans 14:23
4. How is the temptation related to 1 John 2:16?

Eve succumbed to the lust of the flesh in that she saw the fruit was good
for food, the lust of the eye in that it was pleasant to see, and the pride
of life in that it (allegedly) provided a shortcut to wisdom.
5. What were the consequences of the fall?

Adam and Eve suffered shame and alienation from God. As a result, the
image of God in man was obscured and they were expelled from Eden.
Creation itself was cursed causing death and decay to enter the world.
From this point forward, men and women would endure sorrow, toil and
the struggle with their own evil nature.

6. How is the fall of humanity like the fall of Satan?

Pride and rebellion from God’s rightful rule were present in both cases.
7. How is the fall of humanity different than the fall of Satan?

Satan had no external tempter, but humans did.
Major Concepts from Genesis 3:

• Evil, sin and temptation came from outside___.
• Satan successfully attacked the woman.
• Adam failed to exercise proper spiritual oversight___.
• Motivation was a shortcut___ to divine knowledge.
Satan’s Fall vs. Man’s Fall

• Satan had no external___ tempter; man did.
• Satan’s fall doomed him to destruction, but man’s fall maintains the
possibility___ of redemption.
• Satan’s fall was a result of pride; man’s fall was as a result of his desire to attain
for himself___ beauty, knowledge and food.
• Both involved rebellion___ against God. (sin)

Consequences of the Fall
• Shame and alienation from God.
• The image of God in man was obscured.
• Humankind was expelled from Eden.
• Creation itself is cursed.
• Death entered the world.
• Sorrow, toil, and the struggle with his own evil nature became man’s lot.
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE FALL OF MAN
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Adam and Eve were created in a state of moral perfection. X
The fall of man came as a result of Satan slandering God and X
tempting Eve.
Adam and Eve could have resisted Satan’s temptation. X
Mankind’s original sin had no impact on the rest of the universe. X
Death entered the world as a result of original sin. X

SESSION 8, PART 1 – HAMARTIALOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF SIN

Discuss the Hebrew and Greek words that are translated as “sin” in the Bible.
Concisely define sin.
Review the origin of sin in the universe.
Discuss the consequences of sin.
Hebrew words relating to sin in the Old Testament

• chaṭta
̣ ̂'âh – from root meaning to miss the mark___. Genesis 4:7; 20:9;
Leviticus 5:13
• Peh’sha – breach of relationship, a transgression___, or a rebellion.
Daniel 8:12
• ‛âvôn – perversity, depravity, iniquity___. Ezra 9:13
• shâgâh – go astray___, err, swerve, wander. Psalms 119:10
Greek words relating to sin in the New Testament.

• Harmartia – to miss___ the mark, take the wrong road. John 8:46; 1
John 1:8; James 1:15
• This is where the term hamartialogy comes from.
Defining Sin:
• Placing anything else in God’s place.
• Denying God the worship___ and glory He deserves.
• A violation of that which God’s glory demands.
• The contradiction___ of God.
• Sin involves selfishness___, but moreover a willful disobedience directed at
God.
• Cosmic treason___.

Consequences of Sin
• Genesis 3 addresses the origin___ of sin in humankind.
• As a result of sin, man’s attitude toward God changed.
• There was also a change in God’s attitude___ toward man.
• The entire human race shares solidarity in sin and evil.
• The physical universe was cursed___.
• Death appeared because of man’s sin.
o “for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God” Romans 3:23
o “…the wages of sin is death” Romans 6:23
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE DOCTRINE OF SIN
1. What can we learn about the Hebrew and Greek words translated as “sin”?
Sin is “missing the mark” or departing from God’s design and perfect
will.
2. What is your favorite definition of sin?
I like “Cosmic treason against God”.
3. What are the consequences of sin?
a. Alienation from God
b. Death
c. The universe subject to corruption
d. All humankind is subject to evil

SESSION 8, PART 2 – HAMARTIALOGY: THE IMPUTATION OF SIN

Describe what is meant by imputation.
Briefly discuss several theories about how sin is imputed.
Show how the Bible supports the total depravity of humanity.
To impute is to ascribe something, such as righteousness or guilt, to a person or

persons vicariously.
Alternative views as to how sin is imputed:

Pelagian View:
• Soul is created without___ corruption at birth.
• Man is born with true volition___.
• Adam’s sin is a bad example, but we are not guilty___ of original sin.
• God’s grace is universal____ and completely dependent on individual choice.
Arminian View:
• Adam’s sin caused our corrupted nature___, but not our guilt.
• We retain the ability to seek God when aided by the Holy Spirit___.
• Since the Holy Spirit’s call____ is universal, everyone has the ability to seek
God.

Seminalism:
• Our union with Adam is a real, biological____, spiritual union.
• The union is genetic____ because Adam contained the seed of the rest of
humanity.
• We have all sinned____ in Adam – his sin is our sin – and we all are subject
to the penalty.
• All people have inherited Adam’s corrupt____ nature.
• All sinned because of this natural corruption.
Federalism:
• We have all sinned in Adam – his sin is our sin - but the link is not____
biological.
• Adam is the representative____ of the entire human race as Christ is the

representative of all who believe in Him.
§ God tried Adam and found him guilty.
§ The entire human race is guilty____ in Adam.
§ Even if we could live a perfect, sinless life, we would still be
guilty of Adam’s sin.
• Arminianism and Pelagianism are related in that Adam’s sin was an

example____.
• Seminalism and Federalism are related in that both stress our

solidarity____ with Adam.

Teaching of Scripture on Imputation:

• Scripture stresses our solidarity____ with Adam. Romans 5:12-19; 1
Corinthians 15:22; 45-49
• Scripture also stresses our solidarity with Christ____.
• If we cannot accept the imputation of Adam’s sin____, we should not accept

the imputation of Christ’s righteousness____.
• And as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the
image of the heavenly Man. 1 Corinthians 15:49
Sin is universal
• Even if we were not guilty of Adam’s sin, we would still be guilty____
because of our sin nature. Isaiah 64:6
• We all have plenty of our own sin____. Psalms 53:2-3; Romans 3:23
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE IMPUTATION OF SIN
1. What is meant by imputation?
It is ascribing something (guilt or righteousness) to someone else

vicariously.
2. How do the Pelagian and Arminian views of imputation differ from the Seminal
and Federal views?
Pelagian and Arminian views stress Adam’s sin as our example, but we
are guilty only of our own sin.
Seminal and Federal views stress our solidarity with Adam so that we
would be guilty even if we had no sin of our own.

SESSION 8, PART 3 – HAMARTIALOGY: TOTAL DEPRAVITY

Describe the doctrine of Total Depravity.
Cite several Biblical references to support Total Depravity.
Discuss possible objections to the doctrine of Total Depravity.
Sin Comes from Within. Mark 7:20-23; James 1:13-15

• Sin is not just____ a voluntary transgression.
• Sin proceeds from a deeper attitude of rebellion____ against God.
• Sin proceeds from a treasonous____ disposition.
• Sin proceeds from a sinful____ heart.
Total Depravity Defined.

• All human beings are born with a sin____ nature.
• Total depravity means there is no part of human life absolved____ from
man’s fallen state.
• There is no area of human life that might serve as a possible grounds for
justification____.
• Even if works are formally in accordance with God’s law it does not mean they
are good and well pleasing to God.
• We cannot compare the relative goodness of someone’s actions because the
standard is not human righteousness____; the standard is God’s
righteousness.
Actions well-pleasing to God:

• The only way to please God is to have faith____ in Him. Romans 14:23
• Faith in God must be the starting point.
• Love____ for God must be the animating motive.
• Law____ of God must be the directing principle.
• Glory____ of God must be the controlling purpose.

Human Inability Matthew 7:18; John 1:10; John 6:44; Romans 8:8
• We are incapable____ of good apart from God.
• We are not able to change our character____ on our own.
• We are not able to act in accordance with God’s commandments____.
• We are incapable of faith.
• We are in absolute, complete bondage____ to sin.
• Total depravity is man's natural condition apart from any grace____
exerted by God to restrain or transform him.
Without Christ, humans are in a hopeless____ position.

• Sin is against everything God is.
• God is not complacent____ toward sin.
• God is not indifferent to sin.
• God will inevitably act____ against it.
• The wrath____ of God is as pure as His love.
Human Liability John 3:36; Romans 1:18; Ephesians 5:6; Revelation 15:7
The Importance of Total Depravity 1 John 1:10

• Man’s sin against God is a central theme____ of the Bible, so sin is a
doctrine of profound importance!
• We cannot have fellowship____ with God if we continue in sin, yet we
cannot help but sin.
• Unless a person understands his or her utter hopelessness with regard to this
doctrine, salvation____ is impossible.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES – TOTAL DEPRAVITY
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Sin is any act or attitude of rebellion against God. X
Human beings are born with the ability to resist sin and live a sinless X
life.
Because God is holy and just, every sin must be punished. X
Death is a consequence of sin. X
Even if we had no sin of our own, we would still be guilty of Adam’s X
sin.
Total depravity is man’s natural condition apart from any grace X
exerted by God to restrain or transform him.
TEACHER’S NOTE: TOTAL DEPRAVITY
Some students may object to the doctrine of total depravity as stated here, especially if
they come from an Arminian tradition. It’s best to direct them to Scripture and avoid a
heated argument.

SESSION 9, PART 1 – SOTERIALOGY: THE ELEMENTS OF SALVATION

Explicitly describe what salvation means to the Christian.
List and define the various elements of salvation as revealed in Scripture.
Salvation is:
• In the Greek: Soteria (4991) - Deliverance, preservation, salvation___.
• The deliverance, by the grace___ of God, from eternal punishment for sin
which is granted to those who accept by faith God’s conditions of repentance
and faith in the Lord Jesus.
• The only thing we bring to the table is our faith___, and even that must be
graciously given by God. Ephesians 2:8-9
• Salvation is only available through Jesus Christ___. John 14:6; Acts 4:12
Elements of Salvation:
• Election, or predestination - the biblical doctrine that God in His sovereignty

chooses___ certain individuals to be saved. Ephesians 1:3-6; John 6:37;
39
• Regeneration - the act of the Holy Spirit by which we are made alive in a
spiritual___ sense. John 3:3; Ephesians 2:5
o Also called rebirth, being born of the Spirit, being born again.
o In the Greek: gennaō (1080) anōthen (509) – Born from above.

Atonement - the process of bringing the estranged into a unity___ with God. Romans
5:6
• Sin is universal and God cannot tolerate sin. Every sin must be judged and
punished (atoned for).
• Judgment will be carried out either on the sinner himself, which requires an
eternity of torment in hell, or by the death___ of Jesus on the cross.
• Atonement requires___ the shedding of blood___. Leviticus 17:11;
Hebrews 9:22
• The victim of sacrifice must be unblemished, that is, perfect___.
• The victim of sacrifice must also be valuable; it must cost something.
• Old Testament sacrificial atonement points forward to the cross___.
• In the New Testament, it becomes clear that atonement is a central
theme___ of the Bible. It reveals God’s love for men and women. Romans
5:8; John 3:16; Hebrews 2:9
Redemption – to purchase___ for a price, frequently used in relation to redeeming

individuals from a slave market. 1 Peter 1:17-19
• In the Greek: Agorazo (59) To purchase for a price
• Where Christians were once slaves___ to sin, they are now slaves___ to
God and His righteousness. Romans 6:17; 6:22
Propitiation - appeasement___, or satisfaction, specifically towards God.

• Propitiation is a two-part act that involves appeasing the wrath of an offended
person and being reconciled to him. Romans 3:24-25
Justification – to declare one right___ with God. Romans 3:24; Acts 13:39
• In the Greek: Dikaloo (1344) - to render righteous.
• In Christ we are proclaimed righteous in God’s sight, as if we had kept___
the whole law.
• This is done completely as a result of Jesus’___ work.

Reconciliation - to be restored___ to a right relationship with God. 2 Corinthians

5:18-19
• In the Greek: Katallasso (2644) - to change mutually, that is, (figuratively) to
compound a difference: reconcile.
• God Himself reestablishes a relationship of peace___ with humans. It
involves a change in position from being enemies___ of God to being at
peace with God.
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - ELEMENTS OF SALVATION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Salvation is available only by faith in Jesus Christ. X
Salvation is God’s work alone. X
Regeneration (being born again) is the work of the Holy Spirit. X
Salvation is based on human ability to keep God’s commandments. X
Sacrificial atonement requires the shedding of blood. X
In Christ, one is declared righteous as if he had kept the law X
perfectly.

SESSION 9, PART 2 – SOTERIALOGY: THE MECHANICS OF SALVATION

Recount the role of each member of the Trinity with regard to salvation.
Explain the different between common grace and efficacious grace.
Refute common heresies regarding the atonement.
God the Father is responsible for election___. Ephesians 1:4; 1 Peter 1:2; John
6:37
• Looking at salvation from God’s perspective.
• Election means to call one out___ from a larger group of people.
God the Holy Spirit is responsible for regeneration___. John 3:5; 6:63; 16:8
• Regeneration is also called being “born again” or “born of the Spirit.
• God the Holy Spirit is also responsible for testifying___ of Jesus. John
15:26
o He does this primarily through the transmission___ of God’s Word.
o The Holy Spirit inspired the writers of scripture, and He enables human
beings to understand them. (Romans 10:17)
God the Son is responsible for the atonement___ and sanctification of the
saints. 1 Corinthians 1:2; 2 Corinthians 5:21
Salvation from man’s perspective:

• Only one responsibility: to believe___. John 1:12; Acts 16:31; John
11:25-26
• Even our faith___ is a gift from God. Ephesians 2:8-9
• Salvation is accomplished by God’s grace alone.

Aspects of God’s grace:

• Grace, charis [5485] in the Greek, is unmerited___ favor.
• Common___ grace - The aspect of God’s grace that is common to and
affects everyone. Psalms 145:9; Matthew 5:45
• Effectual___ grace - the grace of God that is effective for salvation____.
Romans 1:5; Acts 15:11; Ephesians 2:4-5
Contrasting views of the atonement:

• Limited atonement: Christ died only for the elect___. John 10:14-15;
Revelation 5:9
o This is the Calvinist___, or Reformed view.
o Stresses God’s sovereignty in election and salvation.
• Unlimited atonement: The death of Christ is for everyone, but only effective
for those who accept it. Romans 6:10; Hebrews 7:27; 1 John 2:2
o This is the Arminian___ view.
o Stresses man’s responsibility to respond to a universal call to
salvation.
Heretical views of the Atonement:

• Common thread: If the emphasis is on things man must do to justify___
himself before God, the view is contrary to what the Bible teaches!
• Salvation is a result of God’s grace___ and love that allows him to maintain
His holiness___ and justice while reconciling the elect to Himself.

REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE MECHANICS OF SALVATION
1. What role does each member of the Trinity with regard to salvation?
God the Father elects, God the Son atones, God the Holy Spirit
regenerates and testifies of Christ.
2. What is the difference between common grace and efficacious grace?
Common grace is granted to all humanity in that God postpones His

wrath and provides all that is needed for life on this planet.
Efficacious grace is that grace that brings someone to a saving

knowledge of Jesus Christ.
3. What is the common theme among heresies regarding the atonement?
Virtually all heresies regarding the atonement downplay God’s holiness

and grace and place the emphasis on what man must do to justify
himself.

SESSION 9, PART 3 – SOTERIALOGY: DIVINE ELECTION

Discuss what the Bible says about the doctrine of Election.
Contrast opposing views with regard to the mechanics of Election.
Discuss the apparent dissonance between the sovereignty of God and the
responsibility of man with regard to election.
Divine election defined:

• God has chosen___ those who will be saved as members of the body of
Christ. It follows, therefore, that God has also chosen those who will remain
reprobate. Ephesians 1:3-6; John 6:37; John 6:44; Romans 9:18; 21-24
• However, other Scriptures point out that man is responsible for
accepting___ or rejecting Christ. Ezekiel 33:11; 2 Peter 3:9
Viewpoints on election:
• Pelagianism
• Emphasizes human ability to choose God apart from any work by the
Holy Spirit___.
• Teaches that human beings are fully capable___ of choosing to follow
Christ on their own.
• Emphasizes human works___ as a means of salvation.
• Generally considered a heretical___ viewpoint.
• In practice, some traditions are essentially semi-pelagian.

• Arminianism
• Does not discount divine election, but emphasizes responsibility of
man to make a choice.
• God chose the elect by foreknowledge___ of who would exercise
faith.
• Faith is Man’s gift to God, which precedes___ the new birth.
• The call of the Holy Spirit is conditional___ on man’s decision. Thus,
the concept of decisional regeneration.
• Holds prescient___ view of God’s foreknowledge, which means that
God elects based on His knowing how a person would respond to the
call.
• Calvinism
• Emphasizes God’s holiness and sovereignty___.
• God chose___ who would believe.
• The call of the Holy Spirit is irresistible___.
• Scriptural evidence is focused on numerous scriptures emphasizing
predestination. Romans 9:6-24; Ephesians 1:1-5
The Five Points Controversy:

• Arminianism
• Free will___.
• Conditional___ election.
• Universal redemption___.
• Resistible call (of Holy Spirit).
• Salvation can be lost___.
• Calvinism (TULIP)
• Total Depravity___.
• Unconditional___ Election.
• Limited___ Atonement.
• Irresistible Grace___.
• Perseverance___ of the Saints.

Resolving the Controversy:

• From the eternal perspective, God chooses___, God grants faith___, God
preserves___.
• From the temporal perspective, man is responsible___ for accepting or
rejecting Christ.
• God can___ resolve issues our minds are incapable of sorting out!
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - DIVINE ELECTION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
God the Father elects and predestines those who will come to X
salvation.
God’s election is based on his foreknowledge of those who will X
believe
Salvation is impossible without the regenerating work of the Holy X
Spirit.
From the temporal perspective, man is responsible for accepting or X
rejecting Christ.
Human beings are fully capable of choosing to believe Christ without X
any additional work by the Holy Spirit.

SESSION 10, PART 1 – SOTERIALOGY: REGENERATION &

JUSTIFICATION

Describe the Biblical view of regeneration.
Describe what the Holy Spirit does to make the general call effectual.
Describe how regeneration leads to justification.
The General Call to Salvation: Matthew 20:16; 22:14

• The Holy Spirit sees that the message of the Gospel___ is delivered to all.
• This is called the general call___ - a universal offer of the Gospel, available
to everyone.
• But not everybody accepts___ the offer.
The Effectual Call to Salvation: John 10:27; Acts 2:1-40

• The general call was and is not effective for everyone.
• The effectual___ call is an offer of salvation that is accepted and leads to
eternal life.
Making the General Call Effectual: Regeneration John 3:3

• Regeneration is what the Holy Spirit does to make the General Call
effectual___.
• Titus 3:5; John 1:12-13; James 1:18; Ephesians 2:4-5; Colossians
2:13; 2 Corinthians 5:17
• Regeneration is a creative act of God___ to which men and women
contribute nothing.
• Regeneration is something that is done to us.
• Regeneration implants the seed of faith___.
• Regeneration always leads to conversion___.
• Regeneration results in a change in the person’s disposition___. Ezekiel
36:26; Colossians 1:21

A Chain of Events Romans 8:29-30

• To be justified is to be declared righteous___ before God.
• Justification is based on the finished work of Christ___, where His
righteousness is imputed to us.
• Justification is apprehended by faith___ in Christ’s finished work.
• If you are elect, then you will___ be regenerated___, you will___ be
converted, you will___ be justified___.
• The process is all of God!
REVIEW QUESTIONS: REGENERATION AND JUSTIFICATION
1. What is regeneration?
Regeneration is the creative act of God which makes the call of the
Gospel effective for salvation. It is being “born of the spirit”, “reborn”,
“born again”, or “quickened” (brought to spiritual life).
2. What is the relationship between divine election, regeneration and justification?
Regeneration always leads to conversion, which leads to justification.

SESSION 10, PART 2 – SOTERIALOGY: SANCTIFICATION

Describe what is meant by the doctrine of sanctification.
Describe various views of sanctification.
Incorporate a statement of the doctrine of sanctification into your statement of
faith.
Sanctification Defined:
• To be sanctified___ is to be set apart for a holy purpose.
• The Christian saint is to be separated___ from everything that is profane,
unclean or impure.
• The Christian saint is to be dedicated___ to the exclusive service of God.
• Sanctification is “…That gracious and continuous operation of the Holy Spirit
by which He delivers the justified sinner from the pollution of sin, renews his
whole nature in the image of God and enables him to perform good works.”
(D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones)
• Sanctification is the process the Holy Spirit uses to progressively match our
behavior to our positional___ righteousness. Philippians 3:20-21
Contrasting Views of the Sanctification Process:

• Reformed view:
o Sanctification is a gradual process that begins at the point of
conversion___, and continues until death.
o A Christian will not attain perfect holiness___ in this life.
o Backsliding is possible, but the general trend of sanctification will be to
conform___ the believer to the image of Christ.
• Wesleyan view:
o Heavily influenced by the Arminian___ view of salvation.
o Sometime after conversion, the Christian totally surrenders___ to
the leading of the Holy Spirit. At that point, it is possible to live free
from all willful sin.
o The Christian is not perfect___ prior to heaven because he/she still
engages in sins they are not aware of.
• Chaferian view:
o Common within Pentecostal___ and Charismatic traditions.

o Sometime after conversion, Christians can pray for and receive a

second act of God’s grace they call the Baptism___ of the Spirit.
o Prior to the second act of grace, the believer lives life in much the
same manner as he/she did as an unbeliever. These are called
carnal___ Christians.
o Only after the Holy Spirit fills them in this second act of grace are they
able to make progress toward sanctification. These are called
spiritual___ Christians.
• Eternal and Temporal Perspectives: Philippians 2:12-13
o Eternal Perspective – It is God___ who does the work of

sanctification in the life of the believer.
o Temporal Perspective – The believer has a duty to cooperate___
with the Holy Spirit and trying to live a holy life.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: SANCTIFICATION
1. How would you define sanctification?
Sanctification is the process by which we are set apart for a holy

purpose.
2. What is God’s role and our role in the process of sanctification?
The Holy Spirit works within us to accomplish the work of sanctification,

but we have a responsibility to cooperate with the Spirit’s work.
3. When will the sanctification of the believer be complete?
Sanctification will only be complete when Christ returns and we receive

our resurrected bodies.

SESSION 10, PART 3 – SOTERIALOGY: ASSURANCE OF SALVATION

Give Biblical evidence for the doctrine of preservation of the saints.
Tell how a Christian can be assured of his or her salvation
TEACHER’S NOTE: PERSEVERANCE OF THE SAINTS
This lesson is greatly influenced by my Calvinistic stance with regard to perseverance of

the saints. In some cases, this will challenge students’ previous beliefs on this subject.
Try to get them to examine Scripture honestly to see if these things are so.
Who secures a believer’s salvation?

• The Calvinist___ position is that God secures salvation. 2 Timothy 1:12
• The Arminian___ position is that the believer secures his/her salvation.
Hebrews 6:4-6
• The position proposed in the video is that all who are truly saved will be
preserved by God. John 6:37; 39
• However, there are nominal Christians who presumptuously believe___ they
are saved, but are not. Those are the people the writer of Hebrews was
talking about. Matthew 7:21-23
Finding Assurance 2 Peter 1:5-11

• It is not unusual for true believers to harbor doubts___, but assurance can
be achieved.
• Belief in the promises___ of the Bible gives objective assurance.
o The believer must give intellectual assent to the truth___ of the
Word.
o The believer is to know what he/she believes!
o Intellectual understanding gives objective___ assurance.
o Experiencing the Christian life gives subjective___ assurance.

The Grounds for Assurance:

• The teaching of the Word of God 1 John 5:10-11; 5:24
• Tests from life:
o Believing___ Jesus is the Christ 1 John 5:1
o Loving___ the brethren 1 John 3:14
o Keeping God’s commandments___ 1 John 2:3; 5:3
o Having the Spirit___ Ephesians 1:13-14
o The Spirit lets you believe___ in Christ. 1 Corinthians
12:3; Romans 8:6-9
o The Spirit gives you a desire for more knowledge of God.
Romans 8:14
o The Spirit gives you an increased sensitivity to and
hatred___ of sin. 1 Peter 2:11
o The Spirit produces fruit___ of the Spirit. Galatians 5:22-
23
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - ASSURANCE OF SALVATION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
God is the author of all aspects of salvation, election, regeneration, X
justification, sanctification and perseverance.
It is impossible for one who is truly saved to fall away. X
It may look like some believers fall away, but if they do so X
permanently, they were never saved in the first place.
Assurance of salvation can be achieved by following the X
prescriptions found in the Bible.
It is possible for a person to presumptively believe they are a X
Christian when they are actually not.

QUIZ: SOTERIOLOGY
Define the following terms:
1. Election
The biblical doctrine that God in His sovereignty chooses certain

individuals to be saved.
2. Regeneration
The act of the Holy Spirit by which we are made alive in a spiritual sense.
3. Atonement
The process of bringing the estranged into a unity with God.
4. Redemption
With His sacrifice, Jesus paid the price to redeem us from sin’s slavery,
resulting in freedom from sin and our rescue from the eternal
consequences of that sin.
5. Propitiation
A two-part act that involves appeasing the wrath of God and being
reconciled to Him.
6. Justification
To declare righteous, to make one right with God.
7. Reconciliation
To be restored to a right relationship with God.

8. Sanctification
To be progressively set apart for Christ, to be progressively conformed to

His image.
Short Answer:
9. Describe the role of each member of the Trinity with regard to salvation.
God the Father is responsible for election. God the Son is responsible for
the atonement and the sanctification of the saints. God the Holy Spirit is
responsible for regeneration and testifying of Jesus.
10. Compare and contrast Pelagianism, Arminianism and Calvinism with respect to
salvation.
Pelagianism asserts that human beings are completely capable of

choosing to come to Christ on their own without aid of the Holy Spirit.
Arminianism asserts that while the Holy Spirit makes it possible for
somebody to come to faith, the individual must cooperate with the Holy
Spirit and has the ability to refuse the offer of salvation.
Calvinism asserts that salvation is completely of God and that the call of
the Holy Spirit is irresistible. All God has elected for salvation will
inevitably come to saving faith.
11. Compare and contrast the Arminian view of perseverance with the Calvinistic
view.
Arminianism asserts that perseverance is the responsibility of the
believer and consequently, one can lose his or her salvation.
Calvinism asserts that perseverance is the responsibility of God, and all

who have accepted Christ will inevitably persevere to the end.

SESSION 11, PART 1 – ECCLESIOLOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF THE CHURCH

Give a Biblical definition of the Church.
Distinguish between the visible church and the Church universal.
Articulate Jesus’ desire for the Church.
The Church Defined:

• The word translated “church” is ekklesia (1577) which means those who are
called out___.
• Distinct from the gathering of Israel___. (sunagoge [4864])
• Our word “church” comes from the Greek kurios (2962) which means master
or Lord.
• The church is a group of people who have been called___ out in Jesus Christ
and confess___ Him as the Lord of their lives.
• The Church Universal – A spiritual union with all true believers___
throughout time and space. (The invisible___ church)
• The Local Church – A group of believers called to assemble, worship
and minister in a single community. (The visible___ church)
The Foundation of the Church Matthew 16:15-19

• The testimony___ given by Peter is the foundation of the Church: "You are
the Christ, the Son of the living God." (Matthew 16:16)
• The testimony of Jesus Christ, given by the prophets and Apostles, is the
foundation___ upon which the Church rests. 1 Corinthians 3:11; 1 Peter
2:6; Matthew 7:24; Ephesians 2:20
• Peter himself is not___ the foundation.

Contrasting Views of the Church’s relationship to the Synagogue of Israel.

• Dispensationalist view – completely separate___; both valid.
• Church is a necessary parentheses caused by Israel’s rejection___ of
her Messiah.
• Jesus will return to ethnic Israel after the time of the Gentiles.
• Reformed (Covenant) view – Synagogue is a type of the church, and the
church supersedes___ the synagogue.
The church was founded at Pentecost___, but shares a spiritual union with Old
Testament saints. 1 Corinthians 10:1-4; Hebrews 11:13-16
Scriptural Illustrations of the Church:

• The body of Christ. 1 Corinthians 12:12-27; Romans 12:4-5; Ephesians
4:4
• A temple or a building. 1 Corinthians 3:10; Ephesians 2:20
• The bride of Christ. Ephesians 5:23-33; Revelation 19:7
• A holy priesthood. 1 Peter 2:5 [Also a “spiritual house”]
• A flock of sheep. John 10:11-16
• A vine and branches. John 15:1-8
Membership in the true Church:

• Membership is gained simply by having saving faith___ in Jesus Christ.
• One can___ be a member of a local church and not be a Christian.
• One cannot___ be a member of the invisible church without being a
Christian.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE DOCTRINE OF THE CHURCH
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Peter the Apostle is the foundation of the Church and the first Pope. X
The Church Universal is the gathering of all true believers X
throughout time and space.
Jesus established His Church on the foundation of testimony of the X
Apostles.
The Church and the Synagogue of Israel are separate, but both X
valid.
It is possible to be a member of a local church, but not be a true X
Christian.

SESSION 11, PART 2 – ECCLESIOLOGY: THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH

Describe Jesus’ desire for His church.
List the elements of the church’s mission.
Jesus’ Desire for His Church: John 17:20-26

• Jesus desires unity___ so that all Christians are one as Father and Son are
one.
• Jesus desires His church to be glorified___ in Christ
• Jesus desires His church to be made perfect___ in Christ
• Jesus desires His church to be physically___ with Him.
• Jesus wants His church to glorify___ God.
The Church Mission:

• The church is to be unified___ with God and His purpose, with no divisions.
Ephesians 4:4-6
• Jesus has given His church everything she needs to carry out her mission.
Ephesians 4:7-10
• The primary task of church leaders and church teachers is to prepare the
saints___ for the work of ministry. Ephesians 4:11-12
• The primary goal of ministry is to edify___, that is, build up the church.
Ephesians 4:11-12
• Edifying the Church involves perfecting___ the saints. Ephesians
4:13
• Edifying the Church involves protecting___ the saints from error and
heresy. Ephesians 4:14
• Edifying the Church promotes the saints growing closer to and living in
Christ and builds a community___ of mutual support and love.
Ephesians 4:15-16

The Church’s Role in Evangelism

• Evangelism is called for by Jesus’ Great Commission___. Matthew 28:19-
20
• Evangelism is the responsibility___ of every Christian saint.
• The church has the responsibility to prepare___ her members for the work
of evangelism.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH
1. What is Jesus desire for His church?
Jesus desire for His church was that she be unified with Him, glorified in
Him, present with Him and made perfect in Him.
2. How is it possible for every local church to carry out her mission?
The Spirit of Christ has gifted individual saints with everything necessary
to carry out the church’s mission.
3. What is the primary mission of the church?
The primary mission of the church is to edify herself, bringing the saints
into practical alignment with their positional righteousness.

SESSION 11, PART 3 – ECCLESIOLOGY: CHURCH GOVERNMENT

Describe the various church offices as given in Scripture.
Describe three models of local church government.
Church Leadership:
• Originally, the church was lead directly by the Apostles___. Acts 2:42
• Apostles first appointed deacons___ to wait tables and see to the needs of
Hellenist widows. Acts 6:1-6
• As missionary outreach spread the faith, leaders were appointed___ in
those new churches. Acts 14:23
Church Leadership Positions in Scripture:

• Bishop - an overseer___ or presiding officer. 1 Timothy 3:1
• Elder – One who presides over an assembly___. (Used interchangeably
with bishop in NT)
• Deacon – A servant___, waiter of tables, errand-runner; distributor of
benevolence.
• Deaconess – A female deacon.
• Pastor– A herdsman; an undershepherd___. Ephesians 4:11
• Teacher– A doctor, master, or teacher.
• Prophet – One who speaks forth the Word___ of God.

Church Government Models:

• Episcopalian model:
• The Episcopalian model has a hierarchical___ structure.
• There is an office of bishop___ distinct and superior to leaders in the
local churches.
• Bishops ordain and supervise pastors___, priests or rectors of a
number of local churches. (parishes)
• Presbyterian model:
• The local church is governed by a group of elders___.
• The pastor___ is seen as an elder with a specialized role, but has no
greater authority than the other elders.
• Elders from several local churches are also members of the
presbytery___ which rules over the local churches.
• Members elected from each presbytery form a “general
assembly___”, which has ruling authority over all the churches in a
region or a nation.
• Congregational Model:
• Final governing authority resides within the congregation___ itself.
• The congregation elects (calls) one elder or pastor___ as its spiritual
leader.
• The pastor is assisted or supervised by a group of
deacons/elders___ who are also elected by the congregation.
Achieving Church Unity under Local Church Government.

• Unity is possible only when all leaders and members submit___
themselves to Christ.
• Unity is possible only when leaders and members walk with
humility___.
• Possible only when leaders and members submit to one another___.
• Possible only with prayer, and the indwelling___ of the Holy Spirit.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - CHURCH GOVERNMENT
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Jesus desires unity for His Church. X
The primary goal of ministry is to edify, that is, build up the Church. X
Evangelism is the responsibility of individual Christians, but the X
Church has the responsibility to prepare saints to carry out their
responsibility.
Pastors are called to carry out all the ministries in a local church. X
The Congregational model of church government is closest to the X
Biblical standard.
Unity under local church government is possible only when leaders X
and members submit to Christ.

SESSION 11, PART 4 – ECCLESIOLOGY: CHURCH ORDINANCES &

DISCIPLINE

Define church ordinances (sacraments) and contrast the Roman Catholic view
with the Evangelical Protestant view.
List the steps of church discipline as provided by Jesus.
It is the responsibility of church leadership___ to oversee the ordinances and maintain

discipline within the local church. 1 Timothy 5:17
Church Ordinances
• Many traditions call ordinances “sacraments” ___.
• Not “sacred” ___ in that they do not mystically bring about salvation or
remittance of sin.
• They do reflect God’s grace, or remind us of God’s grace.
• The Roman Catholic___ Church identifies seven “sacraments”.
• Baptism
• Confirmation
• Eucharist
• Confession (Penance)
• Holy Orders
• Matrimony
• Anointing the sick
• Evangelical protestant churches generally identify two ordinances (or
sacraments). They are baptism___ and the Lord’s Supper___.
• Baptism:
• Baptism is a profession of faith before the church___.
• In baptism, the believer identifies with Christ’s death, burial and
resurrection.
• Baptism does not, in itself, provide any effect___ on the person, but
it is an important step in faith that God can richly bless.
• Sprinkling, pouring, or immersion are used, but immersion___ is
generally preferred in our tradition as it most closely symbolizes Jesus’
burial and resurrection.

The Lord’s Supper (Communion)

• Established by Jesus___ Himself. Luke 22:19-20
• Jesus commanded the repetition of the Lord’s Supper as a
remembrance, or memorial___ of His sacrifice. Matthew 26:29
• It proclaims the death___ of Jesus until He comes. 1 Corinthians
11:26
• It is a commemoration by which the believer identifies___ with
Christ.
Church Discipline
Goals of Church Discipline
• Goal 1: The restoration___ of the individual involved in wrongdoing.
• Goal 2: To maintain the purity___ of the church. (Christ’s bride)
• Church discipline is seen as corrective___ rather than punitive.
• Church discipline should never be seen as extracting vengeful
retribution.
Steps in Church Discipline

• Step 1: Reprove individual privately___. Matthew 18:15
• Step 2: Reprove individual with 2 or 3 witnesses___. Matthew
18:16
• Step 3: Reprove individual before the church___. Matthew 18:17; 1
Timothy 5:20
• Step 4: Dis-fellowship___ the individual Matthew 18:17; 1
Corinthians 5:5 and withdraw from the individual completely.
Romans 16:17 – 18

Characteristics of a True Church:

• A true church exhibits faithful preaching___ of Biblical doctrine. 2 Timothy
2:15
• A true church has proper interpretation and execution___ of ordinances. 1
Corinthians 11
• A true church exhibits the Biblical exercise of church discipline___.
Matthew 18:15 – 20
• A true church equips___ each member for service and holiness. Colossians
1:28
• A true church encourages members to evangelize the lost. Matthew 28:19-
20
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - ORDINANCES & DISCIPLINE
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Church ordinances are memorials, or reminders of God’s grace; they X
do not confer grace in and of themselves.
Baptism and the Lord’s Supper are the only two ordinances X
(sacraments) given by Jesus.
The proper exercise of discipline is a characteristic of a true church. X
Church discipline must always be corrective rather than punitive. X
Once a church member is dis-fellowshipped, he can never be X
restored.

SESSION 12, PART 1 – ESCHATOLOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF HELL

Give a general description of the Biblical doctrine of Hell.
Describe how the eternal state will differ from the intermediate state.
The Intermediate State: Luke 16:22-23

• After physical death, but prior to the resurrection___, souls of the saved
and souls of the lost are conscious.
• Believers are with Jesus___. 2 Corinthians 5:8
• The lost are conscious___ in torment. (Luke 16:23)
• The Bible does not support either the concept of annihilation or the concept of
soul-sleep.
• When folks talk of Hell, they are usually thinking of this intermediate____
state, which is prior to the final judgment.
Hell in the Old Testament:

• The doctrine of Hell is not well-developed in the Old Testament.
• In Hebrew, the word is Sheol (7585)
o Translated as death, the abyss, the realm of dead____ people.
Psalm 6:5
o Often simply translated as the grave____. Job 21:13
• The Jews believed Hell was divided into two____ regions:
o Paradise____, or Abraham’s bosom.
o The place of Torment.
o It is a place of conscious existence.
o There is an apparent awareness of the opposite region. Luke 16:19-
31

Hell in the New Testament

• There are two Greek words translated Hell.
• Hades (86) – Region of departed spirits____.
o It is for both the lost and for the believers____.

o Hades corresponds exactly to the Hebrew Sheol. Psalm
16:10, Acts2:27
o The term Hades is used 4 times in the Gospels, and always by
Jesus, Matthew 11:23, 16:18, Luke 10:15, 16:23
o Jesus is said to have the key to Hades and death, Revelation
1:18
o This is the intermediate place of torment for the doomed,
before they are cast into the Lake of Fire, Revelation 20:13-
14
§
• Gehenna (1067) – The eternal state of the lost or condemned.
o A place of eternal____ punishment.
o Corresponds to the Lake of Fire____. Revelation 19:20;
20:10; 20:14-15
o Place of God’s judgment____ and wrath. Jeremiah 7:32;
19:6
o Gehenna is used 11 times in the gospels by Jesus____.
Matthew 5:22; 29; 30; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15; 33; Mark
9:43; 45; 47; Luke 12:5
• Other New Testament references to Hell:
• James 3:6 – Tongue____ is “set afire” of gehenna.
• 2 Peter 2:4 – Angels____ who sin are cast into gehenna.
• Hell is a place of weeping, and gnashing____ of teeth. Matthew
8:12; 22:13
• Revelation’s Lake of Fire:
• Called the second death____. Revelation 20:14
• It is the final state for Satan, Satan’s angels and all whose names are
not in the Lamb’s Book of life____. Revelation 20:10; 15
• It was prepared for the devil____ and his angels. Matthew 25:41
• It is a place of eternal____ torment. Revelation 14:11

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE DOCTRINE OF HELL
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
The souls of departed people are unconscious until the final X
judgment.
In the intermediate state between physical death and the final X
judgment, the souls of believers are in the presence of Jesus.
The only way to escape eternal torment is to have one’s name found X
in the Lamb’s Book of Life.
Unbelievers will be annihilated following Jesus’ second coming. X
Once cast into Revelation’s Lake of Fire, there is no escape. X

SESSION 12, PART 2 – ESCHATOLOGY: THE DOCTRINE OF HEAVEN

Give a general description of the Biblical doctrine of Heaven.
Describe how the eternal state will differ from the intermediate state for those
who die in Christ.
Heaven in Scripture:
• The Hebrew word Shamyim (8064) is used three ways:
o Of the sky____, or realm of the sky, where birds fly. Deut 4:16
o Expanse (firmament____) where sun, moon and stars are. Genesis
1:14
o God’s storehouse, or the dwelling place of God Genesis 7-8
• Greek word Ouranos (3772), translated heaven____, conveys the same idea
as in the Old Testament.
The “Third Heaven” is Described as:

• The Kingdom of Christ____ and of God. Ephesians 5:5
• God the Father’s house____. John 14:2
• A place we should be looking forward to. Hebrews 11:16; Romans 4:13
• A place to rest____. Hebrews 11:16; Romans 4:13
• Paradise. 2 Corinthians 12:2-4
• A place where the wicked____ are excluded. Ephesians 5:5; Revelation
22:15
• The abode of angels____. Matthew 18:10; 22:30
• The New Jerusalem____. Revelation 3:12; 21:2
The Physical Heavens will not Endure. 2 Peter 3:10-13

• The physical heavens we currently see will be destroyed____ along with the
Earth at the second coming of Christ. Job 14:12; Isaiah 34:4; Isaiah 51:6;
Matthew 5:18; Revelation 21:1
• The existing creation is destined to be replaced____, but the promised new
creation will endure forever. Isaiah 66:22; Revelation 21:1

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES – DOCTRINE OF HEAVEN
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
The soul continues after death and is conscious. X
There is a way to escape hell after one dies. X
Believers in the intermediate state still have something to look X
forward to.
The current physical heavens will be destroyed along with the earth X
at Christ’s second coming.

SESSION 12, PART 3 – ESCHATOLOGY: THE SECOND COMING

Define eschatology.
Describe the purpose and limits of Biblical prophecy.
Briefly describe contrasting views with regard to Christ’s second coming.
God is Sovereign: Isaiah 46:9-11

• He knows exactly how history is going to play out, because He
determined____ it.
• He has purposed it, and He will____ bring it to pass.
• He has revealed His plan to an extent, but has not given us every
detail____.
The Purpose of Prophecy: Isaiah 48:5

• Prophecy proves the sovereignty____ of God.
• Prophecy demonstrates____ God’s omniscience.
• Prophecy proves____ that it is God who acts.
• Prophecy is not____ given so we can write history____ ahead of time!
The Second Coming is Future:

• Nobody fully understood the first Advent before____ it happened.
• Nobody now fully understands____ the Second Advent!
• Prophecy is given so we will recognize it when it happens, and understand
that it is the workmanship____ of Almighty God!
• But there is one undisputable truth: Jesus is coming again, and when He
does, He will raise up all who believe____ in Him. John 6:39-40
Biblical Terms Relating to Eschatology:

• Eschatos (2078) – A superlative meaning end of, last, latter end, lowest,
uttermost. Eschatology____, then, is the study of the end times.
• Parousia (3952) – Presence, coming____ or arrival. 1 Thessalonians 3:13;
4:15
• Apokalupsis (602) – Revelation, uncovering____, unveiling. 1 Corinthians
1:7; 1 Peter 4:13

• Epiphaneia (2015) – To appear____, to shine, to give light to. 1 Timothy

6:14; Titus 2:13-14
Contrasting Viewpoints on the Interpretation of Revelation:
The Preterist View:

• The book of Revelation describes past____ events.
• John used symbolic language to protest against the evils of the Roman____
empire.
• Revelation recorded his conviction that God would eventually
intervene____.
The Historicist View:

• Revelation describes a panorama of history____ from the First Century to
the Second Coming.
• View of virtually all of the Reformers____.
The Futurist View:

• Chapter 4 onwards deals with end-time____ events.
• Book not concerned so much with John’s time.
The Idealist View:

• The main thrust is concerned with inspiring suffering Christians to
endure____ to the end.
• Symbolic language is to be taken as imaginative____ descriptions of the
triumph of God.

Contrasting Viewpoints with regard to The Millennium. Revelation 20:2-3
Amillennialism
• There is no literal____ 1000 year earthly reign of Christ.
• We are now in the symbolic____ millennial period. Christ is now
reigning____ over the Kingdom of God on earth – although not all are
members.
• Before the end there will be a great apostasy____.
• Christ will return, followed by the resurrection____ of the just and the
unjust.
• This will then usher in the eternal____ state.
Postmillennialism
• The work of the church____ and true Christians will establish the millennium
sometime in the future.
• Jesus will return after 1000 years of righteousness____ on earth.
• The resurrection and judgment____ will then occur, ushering in the eternal
state
Historic Pre-millennialism
• We are now in the church____ age.
• Sometime in the future there will be a great apostasy____ and tribulation.
• Christ will return to establish His kingdom and resurrect____ the righteous.
• Christ will reign on earth for 1000 years.
• Following the millennium, the resurrection and judgment of the
unsaved____ will be accomplished.
• This will usher in the eternal state.

Dispensational Pre-millennialism
• We are now in the Church Age.
• Jesus will return secretly to rapture____ His church.
• Following the rapture, there will be great apostasy and tribulation____.
• We will then see the second coming____ of Christ with His saints.
• The resurrection of Old Testament and tribulation____ saints will occur.
• There will be a 1000 year earthly reign of Christ followed by the
resurrection____ and judgment of the unsaved.
• The eternal state will then be initiated.
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - THE SECOND COMING
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Jesus will return as a conquering King to resurrect the righteous and X
establish the eternal state.
The Millennium described in Revelation 20 is a symbol representing X
our current Church age.
Jesus will return secretly to rapture His Church before the Great X
Tribulation takes place.
There will be a resurrection of those justified by Christ and those X
who remain in their unjustified, guilty state.
The purpose of prophecy is to demonstrate the sovereignty of God X
and to bring glory to Him as historical events unfold.

SESSION 12, PART 4 – ESCHATOLOGY: THE 70 WEEKS PROPHECY

Distinguish between views regarding Daniel’s 70 weeks prophecy.
Identify the differences in scriptural interpretation that lead to these contrasting
views.
Overview of the 70 Weeks Prophecy: Daniel 9:24-27

• Seventy weeks is literally seventy sevens____.
o Could mean 70 weeks____ of years (490 years)
o 70 weeks could indicate a perfect____ but indistinct period of time.
§ 7 is a perfect number
§ 10 is a perfect number
§ 7X10 is a complete era, divided into perfect periods suggested
by the figure 7.
• During these 70 “weeks” six things are prophesied to happen:
o Finish the transgression____.
o Make an end____ of sins (forgiveness).
o Reconcile____ people to God. (Deal with sin.)
o Bring in everlasting righteousness____.
o Seal up (or fulfill) the vision____ and prophecy.
o Anoint the most Holy____. (The Messiah, or the Christ)
The Fulfillment of the 70 Weeks Prophecy

• There would be seven weeks (of years) until Temple____ is rebuilt.
o That’s 49 Years.
o This prophecy was fulfilled!
• In another 62 weeks, Messiah____ was to appear.
o That’s another 434 years.
o This prophecy was also fulfilled!
• There is general agreement about the first 69 weeks, but disagreement about the
70th week.
o After 3.5 weeks, Messiah is to be cut off. (crucified)
o The prince who is to come will destroy____ Jerusalem (coming like a
flood). This occurred in 70 AD.

o The question is, does this occur at the end of the 69th week, or does this
describe events during the 70th week?
The Dispensational View:

• Verse 26 is an interlude____ which occurs after 69 weeks, but before the
70th week.
• Verse 27 describes the 70th week which will occur at the second____
coming.
The Reformed View:

• Events in verses 26 and 27 occurred during the First Century____.
• Verse 26 describes the 70th week from the standpoint of flesh____.
• Verse 27 describes the 70th week from the spiritual____ standpoint.
REVIEW QUESTIONS: THE 70 WEEKS PROPHECY
1. Contrast the Dispensational interpretation of Daniel 9:26-27 with the Reformed

interpretation of the same passage.
Reformed theologians generally believe the 70th week occurred in the

First Century.
Dispensational theologians generally believe it describes the time of

Jesus’ second coming.
2. How does the interpretation of the personal pronoun “He” in verse 27 impact the
interpretation of this passage?
If He represents Messiah, then verse 27 is talking about Jesus making an

end to sacrifice by providing the one, perfect, permanent sacrifice on the
cross.
If he represents the Antichrist, then the passage is talking about

something that happens at the time of the end. The covenant he confirms
might be the restoration of ritual sacrifice at a rebuilt Jerusalem Temple.
After three and a half years, he goes back on his promise and takes away
the restored sacrifice.

SESSION 13, PART 1 – ESCHATOLOGY: THE END ACCORDING TO JESUS

Identify New Testament passages that describe the events of Jesus’ second
coming.
Distinguish between views regarding the Church and the Great Tribulation.
Critically evaluate your view of end time events.
Jesus Discourse about the End of the Age: Matthew 24-25
• The disciples’ question was really three in one: Matthew 24:3

o When will the Temple____ be destroyed?
o What is the sign of Jesus’ coming____?
o What is the sign____ of the end of the age?
o Jesus addresses all three issues in His discourse.
Summary of Matthew 24:4-14
• A number of coming events are foretold____, including the arrival of false

christs and false prophets, wars and rumors of wars, famines, earthquakes,
persecution, apostasy, lawlessness and the chilling of mutual love.
• These are only the beginning____ of woes, not the end.
• The Gospel____ must be preached to the entire world before the end
comes.
• The Abomination of Desolation (Daniel 11:31) likely has multiple____

fulfillments:
o Antiochus____ Epiphanies in 167 BC
o Worship of Roman____ standards – 70 AD.
o A future abomination of the Antichrist____?
• Some believe Jesus is speaking of His crucifixion____.
• Most events seem to point to the destruction of the Temple____ in 70 AD.
• But these events might typify the future Great Tribulation____.
• This is a prophecy of the Great Tribulation____.

• Jesus warns of false christs____ and false prophets.

• He indicates that the real second coming will not be missed____.
• Verse 28 may be a reference to a time when moral and spiritual degeneration
resembles carrion____.
• Jesus here speaks explicitly about His second coming____.

• Verse 31 is a point of controversy.
o Pre-tribulation rapture view: The elect are the saints of ethnic
Israel____.
o Post-tribulation view: This is the gathering____ of all God’s elect.
• Our Lord’s emphasis is not on timing, rather it is on being prepared____.
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES: THE END ACCORDING TO JESUS
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
In His discourse in Matthew 24 and 25, Jesus is answering a three X
part question about the destruction of the Temple, the end of the
Age, and the sign of His coming.
Jesus predicted the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple. X
Jesus predicted ongoing tribulation, persecution and apostasy during X
the Church age.
Jesus predicted a pre-tribulation rapture of the Church. X
Jesus predicted that His saints would be protected from all physical X
harm.
Jesus predicted a sudden second coming that will not be missed. X
SESSION 13, PART 2 – ESCHATOLOGY: RAPTURE

Define the term “Rapture” as it applies to the Church.

Describe contrasting views with regard to the timing of the rapture.
Rapture Defined 1 Thessalonians 4:17

• Defined as being “caught up” ____ in the air as Christ returns for His
church.
• The term itself does not appear in scripture.
• One can think of it as a kind of resurrection____ that happens before
death.
The Dispensational Timeline

• Popularized by John Darby____ between 1830 and 1850.
• Edward Irving is thought by some to have brought Pre-tribulation rapture
theory to Darby.
• Basic assertions of Dispensational Pre-Tribulation rapture:
• Jesus will return secretly____ to rapture His church prior to the
Great Tribulation.
• Antichrist____ will come to power and make a treaty with Israel
allowing the sacrificial Temple worship to resume.
• After 3 ½ years, Antichrist will violate____ treaty and put an end to
the sacrifice.
• Jesus will return with His saints after 7 years to establish His
millennial____ kingdom.
Alternative Rapture Sequences:

• Post-Tribulation - Living believers raptured at the second coming of Christ,
which occurs at the end____ of the Tribulation.
• Mid-Tribulation – Living believers will be raptured after the Great____
Tribulation____ begins, but before God begins to pour out His wrath.
• Partial Rapture – Only believers who are watching____ and waiting for
the Lord will be raptured at various times before and during the seven-year
Tribulation.
Arguments in Support of Pre-Tribulation Rapture: See Lectures in Systematic

Theology by Henry C. Thiessen, Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1949, pp. 344-363.

The Sequence of Events from Scripture:

1 Thessalonians 4:16-18
• The Lord descends with a shout, voice of Archangel, and the Trumpet of
God.
• The dead____ rise first.
• The living are caught up____.
• The saved____ will always be with the Lord.
• Nothing in this passage indicates a specific time for these events.
1 Corinthians 15:50-52
• The trumpet____ sounds.
• The dead____ rise.
• The living are changed____.
• Notice that this happens at the last____ trumpet.
Matthew 24:29-31
• The Tribulation____ ends.
• There will be cosmic upheaval.
• The sign____ of Son of Man is seen and Jesus comes.
• Angels____ are sent with trumpet.
• The elect____ are gathered from the 4 winds (Earth?) and from all over
heaven.
Mark 13:24-27
• The Tribulation____ ends.
• Cosmic upheaval happens.
• The Son of Man is seen.
• Angels____ are sent.
• The elect are gathered____.

Revelation 11:15-18
• The seventh (last) trumpet____ sounds.
• God takes possession of kingdoms____ of the world.
• The dead are resurrected for judgment____.
• Prophets and saints____ judged for rewards.
• Destroyers____ of the earth are destroyed.
Revelation 20:4-6
• The saints____ are resurrected.
• The resurrected____ reign 1000 years.
• The unsaved____ are resurrected.
• The unsaved are cast into the Lake of Fire which is the second____ death.
2 Thessalonians 2:1-8
• The great apostasy____ occurs.
• The restrainer____ of evil is removed.
• Antichrist____ is revealed in the temple.
• Jesus____ returns.
• Key to this passage: Who is the restrainer?
o Dispensational theologians believe He is the Holy Spirit____ acting
through the church.
§ In Genesis 6:3, the Holy Spirit “strives” or restrains men. (This
might also be translated “abides”.)
§ The church blesses society at large. Matthew 5:13-16
§ When church is raptured, the Holy Spirit will withhold His special
restraining ministry.

o Others propose human government____ as the restrainer.

§ Because of man’s fallen state, nobody could live together without
civil law. (1 Peter 2:13-14)
§ The presence of civil law restrains____ (to a point) lawlessness
on earth.
§ The removal of the restrainer refers to a complete
breakdown____ in civil law, readying people to accept a one-
world government under the antichrist.
o Still others propose Michael____ the Archangel as the restrainer.
§ Michael is said to strive with Satan. Revelation 12:7
§ Michael is also said to stand watch over the people. Daniel 12:1
The Doctrine of Imminence
• Jesus could return at anytime, The Bible clearly says Christ’s return will be “as
a thief in the night”, Matt 24:42-44, Luke 12:40, 1 Thessalonians 5:2,
Revelation 16:15

TEACHER’S NOTE: HOW TO ADDRESS DISAGREEMENTS OF OPINION
These arguments will likely be troubling to some students (and instructors) as the
Dispensational timeline is quite popular in evangelical Christianity today. The goal is to
encourage students to search Scripture in an unbiased way rather than relying on
previous teaching or tradition. It’s also important to emphasize that Bible-believing
evangelical theologians sometimes disagree and that these are not “doctrines to die for.”
Below are potential objections that some have made to a Pre-Tribulation

Rapture. These should be discussed in class and answers given.
• It is not the emphasis of the Bible.
• An unbiased reading of relevant passages would not suggest this doctrine. 1
Corinthians 15 clearly says those still alive will be “caught up” at the last
trump.
• It supposes there is more than one way to salvation. (pre-rapture saints,
post-rapture saints, and descendants of Israel.)
• Despite its popularity, it is a relatively new doctrine. (Darby’s work began in
1827)
• It insulates our minds from the very real possibility of trial and tribulation.
• It ignores one of the very possible purposes of the great tribulation – the
cleansing of the saints for the return of Christ!
• Rapture doctrine puts the focus on us – but we are to be focused on Jesus.
Conclusions:
• There are born-again____ believers on both sides of the secret rapture

viewpoint.
• A great deal of passion is evident from both sides.
• Is this an essential “bulls-eye” doctrine?
o Probably not.
o But it does warrant continued study.

REVIEW QUESTIONS: RAPTURE
1. What does the phrase “rapture of the church” mean?
The rapture refers to the “catching up” of living saints to be with Jesus.
It is based on the teaching of Paul in 1 Thessalonians 4:17.
2. According to Dispensational Theology, when will the rapture take place?
According to Dispensational Theology, the rapture will occur just prior to

the 7-year period of tribulation leading up to Jesus’ return.
3. What are some alternative views on the timing of the rapture?
Post-Tribulation – At Jesus’ return after the Tribulation period.

Mid-Tribulation – After the Great Tribulation but before the outpouring
of God’s wrath.
Partial Rapture – Only those watching and waiting will be raptured
before the Tribulation.

SESSION 13, PART 3 – ESCHATOLOGY: RESURRECTION
Describe the promised resurrection of the saints and the lost.

Distinguish between the judgment of the saints and the judgment of the
reprobate.
The Blessed Hope 2 Peter 3:10-13

• Ultimately, our hope lies not in the rapture, but in our resurrection____.
• As Christians, we are looking forward to new heavens and a new earth in
which righteousness____ dwells.
• We look forward to an eternity free from the very presence____ of sin.
The Importance of the Resurrection 1 Corinthians 15:12-17

• Without the resurrection, our hope is futile____.
• The Resurrection is central____ to the Gospel. 1 Corinthians 15:1-4
• Belief in the Resurrection is critical to our salvation____. Romans 10:9
• Jesus’ resurrection was real, physical____ (bodily) and eternal.
Resurrection of Christian Believers Revelation 20:4-6

• The resurrection of Christ____ makes it possible. 1 Corinthians 15:20-21
• Our resurrection comes with a glorious body____. 1 Corinthians 15:35-38
• Our resurrection is eternal____. 1 Thessalonians 4:17
• Our resurrection will occur when Christ returns____. 1 Thessalonians 4:16

Resurrection of Unbelievers Revelation 20:11-15

• The unbelievers will be raised for judgment____.
• Unbelievers will be judged according to their own works____.
• Unbelievers will be eternally separated____ from God.
• Unbelievers will be cast into the Lake of Fire and will have no rest.
• Smoke of unbelievers’ torment____ will ascend forever and ever.
Revelation 14:11
REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - RESURRECTION
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
There will be a bodily resurrection of both the justified (in Jesus) and X
the unjust.
Belief in the resurrection is critical to salvation. X
The resurrection of believers comes with a glorious, sin-free body. X
Those who die without trusting in Christ will have a second chance X
at the resurrection.
The resurrection of believers will come prior to a literal 1000 year X
Millennial reign of Christ and unbelievers will be resurrected after the
Millennium.
The reprobate will be resurrected for judgment. X

SESSION 13, PART 4 – ESCHATOLOGY: DIVINE JUDGMENT

State the necessity of Divine Judgment.
Give the basis for Divine Judgment.
Distinguish between the judgment of Christians and the judgment of the
reprobate.
Divine Judgment Defined

• Judgment is the working out of God’s mercy and wrath____.
• Judgment is God’s vigorous action____ against evil.
• God’s judgment brings doom____ for the wicked. Isaiah 4:4
• God’s judgment brings deliverance for the righteous____. Psalm 25:9-10
Judgment in the Old Testament

• God is a God of Justice____. Deuteronomy 1:17; Psalms 9:8; Isaiah
30:18
• God determines blessing or cursing____ for people. Isaiah 1:19-20
• Toward the end of the Old Testament, judgment on the Day of the
Lord____ is increasingly stressed. Joel 2:1
Judgment in the New Testament

• Reinforces the Old Testament idea that judgment belongs to the nature____
of God. Romans 1:18; Hebrews 12:23; 1 Peter 1:17; Revelation 16:5
• Divine judgment is at work in human life in the present age. John 8:50;
Romans 1:28
• In the New Testament, judgment is associated with Christ____. John 3:19;
9:39
• The spotlight falls on the coming Day of the Lord____, a time of terrible
judgment. John 6:39; Romans 2:16; 1 John 4:17

The Basis for Judgment

• Judgment is based on a man or woman’s response____ to the revealed will
of God.
• Divine judgment will be utterly____ just.
• Divine judgment will be based on works____, both hidden and seen.
(Romans 2:6; 1 Corinthians 3:8; Revelation 22:12)
• Apart from Christ, no one can stand, so we are justified by faith____ alone.
Romans 3:28; 5:1; Hebrews 10:38
The Work of God John 6:29

• Jesus said that the work of God was to believe____ in the One He sent.
• We will be judged____ according to this work!
• Christ’s good works will stand to our account on the judgment day.
• There will be no justification____ for anyone apart from this work.
• If we trust in Christ, we have a guarantee of acquittal!____ Galatians
2:20; Ephesians 2:5; Colossians 2:20
Judgment of Unbelievers
• Non-believers do perform acts of love and mercy.
• These are evidence of God’s common____ grace which restrains evil and
promotes goodness.
• These acts alone will not justify anybody!
• There is no way apart from Jesus____ that anyone can be saved. Acts 4:12
The Final Judgment John 5:28-29

• Judgment of Christians: 1 Peter 1:17
o Christ will judge His people at His coming.
o Christians judged on stewardship____ of talents gifts and
responsibilities given them.
o Standing____ in God’s family will not be at stake.
o Judgment that of a father toward His children.

REVIEW: ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES - DIVINE JUDGMENT
To Dismiss
To Discuss
To Defend
To Die For
Doctrinal Statement
Divine Judgment is the working out of God’s mercy and wrath. X
People will be judged by whether or not they performed more good X
works than bad during their lives.
God’s judgment is at work in the world today, but it is not the final X
judgment.
Judgment is based on an individual’s response to the revealed will of X
God.
Apart from faith in Christ, nobody can stand at God’s judgment. X
Believers will be judged on their stewardship of gifts and X
responsibilities given to them, but it will not affect their standing in
the kingdom of God.

FINAL EXAM - INTRODUCTION TO CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE
Answer each of the following questions, citing Scripture where appropriate.

Section 1: Vocabulary – Define each of the following terms.
1. Anthropology
The study of human beings.
2. Hamartialogy
The study of sin.
3. Soteriology
The study of salvation.
4. Ecclesiology
The study of the Church.
5. Eschatology
The study of the end times.
6. Sheol
The Hebrew place of the dead; the grave.
7. Gehenna
The Greek place of the dead; the grave.
8. Preterist view of Revelation
Revelation describes events that occurred during the First Century.
9. Historicist view of Revelation
Events in Revelation describe actual historical events.

10. Idealist View of Revelation
Revelation’s symbolic language is to be taken as imaginative

descriptions of the triumph of God. It is designed to encourage Christians
to endure until the end.
11. Amillennialism
The eschatological view that there is no literal thousand year reign of

Christ. The Millennium of Revelation 20 refers symbolically to the Church
Age.
12. Postmillennialism
The eschatological view that Christ will return after 1000 years of
righteousness on Earth which was initiated by the evangelical work of
the Church.
13. Historic Pre-millennialism
The eschatological view that Christ will return following a period of

apostasy and great tribulation, but prior to the Millennium.
14. Dispensational Pre-millennialism
The eschatological view that Christ will return to rapture the Church
prior to the Great Tribulation, then return again to establish His
Millennial reign.
Section II: Short Answer – Answer each of the following in a phrase or a sentence.
Cite Scripture where appropriate.
15. When we say “the pre-incarnate state of Christ”, what are we talking about?
God the Son’s existence prior to being born a human being in Bethlehem.
16. What do we mean when we talk of God’s “personality”?
God is not an impersonal force, but exhibits the characteristics of

personhood, including intellect, emotion, and will.

17. If you could use only two words to describe God’s nature, what would they be?
Cite scripture to support your answer.
Answers will vary. One possible pair is Holy (Isaiah 6:3) and Love (1
John 4:8)
18. In class, we have said “God is knowable, but He is not comprehensible.” Explain
what that means, and cite Scripture to support your answer.
It is impossible for us to exhaustively understand all that God is (Isaiah

55:9; Romans 11:33) but God has graciously revealed Himself to us to
the extent that we are capable of knowing Him. (Psalm 19:1-2; John
1:18)
19. In reference to the Trinity, what is significant about the word used for God in
Genesis 1:1?
The word used (Elohim) is plural, implying His plural nature. The
singular word for God is El.
20. What is our source of authority for developing doctrine? Support your answer
from Scripture.
The Bible is our sole source for developing doctrine. (2 Tim 3:16)
21. Why was it important that Jesus Christ live a perfect, sinless life? Support your
If Christ had sinned, he would have to pay for His own transgressions
and could not have paid for ours. (2 Corinthians 5:21)
22. Briefly state the doctrine of the Trinity.
There is only one God. That God is eternally existent in three persons,
Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Each person of the Trinity is fully God and
fully distinct. The triune nature of God is not in conflict with His unity,
despite the difficulty we humans have of comprehending it.

23. Is it possible for us, while in our flesh, to fully understand the Trinity? Why or
why not?
Not comprehensively. Our minds are not capable of fully comprehending

all that God is.
24. Why should we quote Scripture to an unbeliever, even if he/she/it does not
acknowledge the authority of Scripture? I guess you’d better cite Scripture to
support this one!
So then faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God. (Romans
10:17)
God speaks through His word, even to those who might not acknowledge
it.
25. Describe the Calvinistic view of election.
Humans are totally depraved, incapable of choosing God on their own.

God, in His sovereign will, chose to save some before the foundation of
the world. Christ died for these elect individuals, and the call of the Holy
Spirit is irresistible for the elect; all will inevitably come to Christ. Not
only is their calling unconditional, but their perseverance is also
unconditional; God will keep them saved.
26. Describe the Arminian view of election.
God’s election is based on His foreknowledge of those who would choose

salvation. Christ’s sacrifice is sufficient for all, but only effective for
those who choose salvation. The call of the Holy Spirit is essential, but
irresistible and it is possible to fall from grace, losing one’s salvation as a
result of apostasy.
27. What was the original state of man (before the fall)?
Perfectly sinless, reflecting the pure image of God, enjoying unfettered

fellowship with God, and charged with dominion over the Earth.
28. List six consequences of the fall.
a. Shame and alienation from God.

b. The image of God in man was obscured.
c. Humankind was expelled from Eden.
d. Creation itself is cursed.
e. Death entered the world.
f. Sorrow, toil, and the struggle with his own evil nature became man’s
lot.
29. What does it mean when we say humankind is totally depraved? Support your
As a consequence of the fall, humans are born with a sin nature. We are
completely incapable of living life according to God’s standard. There is
no part of human life that is absolved from this fallen state and there can
be no grounds for justification found in any human being. (Isaiah 64:6;
Romans 3:23)
30. What is the difference between Old Testament ritual sacrifice and Christ’s
sacrifice on the cross? Support your answer from Scripture.
The Old Testament sacrifice was a type pointing to the cross. Because
the ritual sacrifice was incapable of permanently dealing with sin, it had
to be repeated daily, but Christ’s sacrifice on the cross was sufficient
once for all. (Hebrews 7:23-28)
31. In Romans 3:25, Paul writes that God sent forth Jesus as a propitiation by His
blood. What does this mean?
Propitiation means satisfying, or turning away the wrath of God. When

Jesus died on the cross, He fully paid the penalty for our sin. By faith in
Him, we are no longer under His wrath, but under His grace and mercy.
32. Some theologians profess the theory of limited atonement. Others believe in
unlimited atonement. Compare and contrast these views.

Limited atonement asserts that Christ’s sacrifice was only for those who
are God’s elect. Unlimited atonement asserts that Christ’s sacrifice was
sufficient for all human beings, but only effective for those who willfully
chose to believe.
33. Describe the importance of Christ’s resurrection. Cite Scripture to support your
answer.
The Resurrection demonstrates that Jesus’ sacrifice was sufficient and

that it was accepted by God. Furthermore, His resurrection makes it
possible for him to continue His intercessory ministry with the Father. It
also makes it possible for the believer to have a living relationship with
Him. His resurrection also promises our resurrection at the end of the
age. (1 Corinthians 15:12-58) Paul is clear and adamant regarding the
necessity of Christ’s resurrection: “For if the dead do not rise, then Christ
is not risen. And if Christ is not risen, your faith is futile; you are still in
your sins!” (1 Corinthians 15:16-17)
34. What is the relationship of the Church to the Kingdom of God?
The Kingdom of God exists wherever God reigns. Therefore, the true
Church is most certainly part of the Kingdom of God, but the Church is
not all of what the Kingdom of God contains.

Section III: Contending for the faith – Assume that a friend or acquaintance has
made each of the following statements. If they are true, based on the Word of God, say
so. If they are not, write “False” and cite Scripture explaining why it is incorrect.
35. I know I am a Christian because I live in a Christian country and I was baptized
as a baby.
False - For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of
yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast.
(Ephesians 2:8-9)
36. I don’t believe a loving God would send anybody to Hell.
False - And anyone not found written in the Book of Life was cast into
the lake of fire. (Revelation 20:15)
37. I’m a Christian, but nowhere in the Bible does it say that I should go to church.
False - And let us consider one another in order to stir up love and good
works, not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as is the
manner of some, but exhorting one another, and so much the more as
you see the Day approaching. (Hebrews 10:24-25)
38. God knew I was going to be a Christian even before He created the universe.
True
39. The way to become a Christian is to repent and be baptized.
False - … that if you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe
in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.
For with the heart one believes unto righteousness, and with the mouth
confession is made unto salvation. (Romans 10:9-10)

40. There is no way I can lose my salvation because God will keep me from falling
away.
True, assuming your conversion was authentic. This is the will of the
Father who sent Me, that of all He has given Me I should lose nothing,
but should raise it up at the last day. (John 6:39)
41. The Bible clearly teaches that the Church will be raptured before the great
tribulation.
Student answers will vary based on their view of eschatology. I would

argue that the Bible does not clearly teach this view. We can agree to
disagree on this, but Biblically-based discussions on this doctrine are
valuable. Whatever their view, students should be able to cite scripture
to support it.
Section IV: Apologetics – Frame your answer to the following with Biblical proofs.
42. What is your view of the doctrine of predestination?
Student answers will vary, but must be supported by the appropriate use
of scripture.
43. There are many competing views of Biblical eschatology, and good, Bible-
believing Christians will often disagree. However, there are some points that
should be beyond debate. List those points below and support each item in your
list with a scripture reference.
Student answers will vary, but should include the following at minimum:
1. The authority of the Bible.
2. The transcendent, triune, personal, sovereign nature of God.
3. The depravity of man, including the impossibility of justifying
oneself before God.
4. The sinless nature of Jesus’ life on Earth.
5. The sufficiency of Christ’s atoning sacrifice on the cross.
6. Salvation by God’s grace alone by faith alone in Jesus Christ alone.
7. The promise of Christ’s return at the end of the age.
8. The blessed hope of an eternity with Christ for all true believers.
GLOSSARY

Agnostic - The word Agnostic derives from the negation of the Greek word [gnosis],
which means esoteric knowledge of higher things. Agnostic means no-knowledge or not
knowing. Agnostics generally believe that no one can know whether or not God exists.
Some take a more liberal approach, saying "they" do not know, but that existence of a
Deity might be possible.
Amen - means “so be it” or “it is certainly so.”
Amillennialism - The eschatological view that there is no literal thousand year reign of
Christ. The Millennium of Revelation 20 refers symbolically to the Church Age.
Angelology - is from the Greek [aggelos] meaning angel, and [logos] meaning word or
discourse. So it means the discourse or the study of angels. The words translated angel
appears over 200 times throughout the scriptures. In the Old Testament it is the Hebrew
word [malak] and in the New Testament it is the Greek word [aggelos], from where we
get the actual word Angel. In both the Hebrew and Greek (Old and New Testament) the
words mean, a messenger.
Antinomianism - is from the Greek [anti] meaning opposed to, and [nomos] meaning
Law. It denotes those who oppose God's law.
Apostasy - is from the Greek [apostasia], which means a departing or separating (2nd
Thessalonians 2:3). In Christianity it is a forsaking or departing from the faith,
principles, or truth, to which the Church previously held (1st Timothy 4:1, Hebrews
3:12). This abandonment or falling away from the faith is an opposite of the protestant
reformation, which was the returning to the faith, principles, and truths which the
Church formerly held.
Apologetics – Presents a rational basis for the Christian faith, defending the faith
against objections.

Arminianism - The Reformed churches at the Synod of Dort (1618-1619) condemned

this doctrine which is held by followers of late 16C Theologian Jacobus Arminius (1560-
1609). The five points or articles which this doctrine holds to are:
1. Conditional Election
2. Universal Atonement
3. Inherent will to respond to grace
4. The resistibility of grace
5. The ability of the saints to fail to persevere.
His followers became known as the Remonstrants, or the Deniers because they believe
that man is not totally depraved, but is inherently good, so that God elects people to be
Saved on the basis of His foreseeing something good in them, that they repent and
believe. This view is antithetical to the Reformed Doctrines of Grace.
Atonement - The process of bringing the estranged into a unity with God.
Christology - is from the Greek, [christos] meaning "anointed one," and [logos]
meaning "word." By extension the words or discourse about the anointed one. This is
the doctrine that deals with the person of Jesus Christ. It encompasses the theological
study of both the divine and the human nature of the Savior, and the roles they play in
Christianity.
Dispensationalism - is from the Greek [oikonomia] meaning an administration. It

means an administration of time of epocs. Premillennial dispensationalism is a method of
interpreting scripture popularized by John Nelson Darby (1800-1882), and the notes in
the Scofield Reference Bible. This system divides history into epocs (eras) or extended
periods called "dispensations," in which God deals with man in different economies for
the presenting of His world program. In dispensationalism it is believed that ethnic Israel
and the Church are separate and unequal bodies in God's dispensations
Doxology - is from the two Greek words [doxa] meaning glory, and [logos], meaning to
speak. By implication the word logos can mean "word." These are the same Greek words
found in your Bible that are translated "word" and "glory." So very literally, doxology
means "words to glorify."
Ecclesiology - is from the Greek [ekklesia] meaning Church, and [logos] meaning
word. By extension the word or discourse of the Church. It is the study of the Church
and its origins. The purpose is to produce a deeper understanding of the body of Christ
as seen in the light of divine revelation of God, received in faith.

Eschatology - is from the Greek [eschatos] meaning last, and [logos] meaning word or
discourse. It is the theological Doctrine of the discourse of the last things, such as life
after death, immortality, judgment, the coming of Christ, and the end time events.
Election - the biblical doctrine that God in His sovereignty chooses certain individuals to
be saved.
General Revelation - Can be known by all: nature, history, conscience.
Gnosticism - is from the Greek [gnosis], meaning knowing or knowledge, and implies a
esoteric knowledge of higher things. It is not a system, but more a school of thought, or
philosophical ideas which are generally related to mystery religions.
In first 3 centuries A.D., many different groups believed men (Gnostics) were saved
through this transcendental higher knowledge, which came not through God, but
through self awareness and understanding. Basically, salvation by knowledge.
Gospel - Gospel means “good news” or “glad tidings,” specifically the Good News of
Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection for our salvation, healing, and provision; and the
hope of eternal life that Jesus made available to us by God's grace.
Hamartialogy - comes from the Greek word hamartos meaning sin. Hamartiology is the
study of sin. The study includes how sin was introduced into the world, how it impacts
the world today, the solution to the sin problem of humanity, the judgment of sin, and
the removal of sin at the end of time.
Heresy - is from the Greek [hairesis] meaning, choose, or "doctrines of men who have
chosen to follow their own views." In general, heresy is a self-chosen doctrine not
emanating from God's word. Any doctrine or teaching which is contradictory to
established Church doctrine based on the Holy Bible is called a heresy.
Hyper-Calvinism - [Hyper] is a Greek word literally meaning to throw beyond, or to

take farther, or to go beyond. Hyper-Calvinism is a theological system which goes
beyond Calvinism.
Infallible – Cannot fail.
Illumination - Process/God causes His special revelation to be understood by human

heart.

Inerrancy of the Scriptures - Scripture, having been inspired by God the Holy Spirit,
is free from all falsehood, fraud, or deceit. The sinfulness and human limits of the
writers of Scripture did not in introduce distortion or falsehood into God’s Word.
Inspiration- "to breathe in."
Immutable - Cannot change.
Justification - to declare righteous, to make one right with God.
Koine - The common form of Greek spoken and written during Hellenistic and Roman
antiquity. Koine is the language of the Christian New Testament, of the Septuagint (the
3rd-century BC Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible), and of most early Christian
theological writing by the Church Fathers. Koine Greek is also known as "Biblical", "New
Testament" or "patristic” Greek.
Pelagianism - was a 5th-century heresy taught by Pelagius and his followers which
stressed that humans have the ability to fulfill the commands of God apart from
Sovereign grace, and which denies original sin. Pelagius' teachings were opposed by the
Church and its leading figure (Augustine) in particular.
Pneumatology - from the Greek [numa] meaning breath (and by extension Spirit), and
[logos] meaning word or discourse. It is the discourse or study of the Holy Spirit of God.
It encompasses the study of His person, work, gifts, and ministry. The Spirit of God
being manifested in many ways including teaching (John. 14:26), restraining sin
(Genesis 6:3, 20:6), Revelation (Matthew 11:27), and interceding (Romans 8:26).
Postmillennialism - The eschatological view that Christ will return after 1000 years of
righteousness on Earth which was initiated by the evangelical work of the Church.
Reconciliation - to be restored to a right relationship with God.
Soteriology - is from two Greek word [sozo] meaning Save, and [logos] meaning word
or the word or discourse of Salvation. It is the doctrine of the study of God's work in
Salvation. How through the passion, death, resurrection, and ascension of Christ, man's
redemption is accomplished.
Special Inspiration - Process God caused Special Revelation communicated to man.
Special Revelation - Given to some for all: spoken, written, Walking Word.

Synoptic Gospels - Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Synoptic means with one eye, signifying
that the synoptic gospels, as opposed to the gospel according to John, tend to have the
same perspective on Jesus’ ministry.
Testament - The name of each general division of the canonical books of the sacred
Scriptures; the Old Testament; the New Testament. The name is equivalent to covenant,
and in our use of it, we apply it to the books which contain the old and new
dispensations; that of Moses, and that of Jesus Christ.
Theology - is from the Greek [theos] meaning God, and [logos] meaning word or
discourse. It is the discourse or study of God and the revelation of His omni-perfect
attributes, such as His Word, omnipresence, mercy, justice and purposes.

INDEX
A H
Angels, 79 Heaven, 143
Anthropology, 94 Holy Spirit, 62
Ascension, 61 Human Free Agency, 73
Atheistic Evolution, 76
Atonement, 113 I
impute, 106
C
Incarnation, 55
Church, 129 Instructor Checklist, 19
Church Ordinances, 137 Internet Speed Check, 15
Classroom Report Form, 13
Classroom Setup, 14 J
Course Goal, 23
Course Schedule, 24 Joy, 69
Justification, 113
D
K
Dichotomous Nature, 98
Divine election, 118 Kindness, 69
Divine Judgment, 161

Doctrinal Target, 31 L
Doctrine Course Syllabus, 22
Literal Creationist View, 77
Longsuffering, 69
E Love, 69
Election, 112
Exaltation, 61 M
Matthew 24-25, 151
F
Faithfulness, 69 P
Peace, 69
G Pentecost, 65
Gap Theory, 77 Progressive Creationism, 76
General Revelation, 74 Promoting the Class, 13
Gentleness, 69 Propitiation, 113
God’s grace, 116

Goodness, 69 R
Rapture, 153
Reconciliation, 114 Spiritual Gifts, 68

Redemption, 113 Student Evaluations, 19
Regeneration, 112
resurrection, 60 T
Theistic Evolution, 76
S
Theology, 176
Salvation, 112 Total Depravity, 109
Sanctification, 123 Trichotomous Nature, 98
Self-control, 69 Trinity, 46
Seventy Weeks Prophecy, 149
Sin, 104 V
Special Revelation, 74
Spiritual Fruit, 69 Video Troubleshooting Tips, 15

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Village Missions

Contrasting Belief Systems

TRAINING MODULE SUMMARY

Contenders Discipleship Initiative Disclaimer

Village Missions © 2016 2 Version 4.2

How to Use This Guide ..................................................................................................... 11

Classroom Report Form .......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Promoting the Class ......................................................................................................... 13

Classroom Setup...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Video Troubleshooting Tips .................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

General Classroom Training Tips ...................................................................................... 14

EstablishIng Ground Rules................................................................................................ 15

Teacher’s Note: Note Taking, Review Material ............................................................... 15

Instructions for Administering Tests and Quizzes ............................................................ 16

Student Evaluations ......................................................................................................... 17

Instructor Checklist for Doctrine Course .......................................................................... 17

Teacher’s Notes: Ordering Books for Students ............................................................... 19

Doctrine Course Syllabus.................................................................................................. 20

Course Goal ...................................................................................................................... 21

Course Schedule ............................................................................................................... 22

Teacher’s Note: Video Sessions and Note Guides ............................................................ 24

Session 1, Module 1 - Introduction to Doctrine ............................................................... 25

Review Questions: Introduction to Doctrine.................................................................... 26

Session 1, Part 2 - Where Doctrines Originate ................................................................. 27

Teacher’ Note: Concerning Open-Ended Review Questions ............................................ 28

Review Questions: Where Doctrines Originate ................................................................ 29

Session 1, Part 3 – The Theistic View of God.................................................................... 30

Review Questions: The Theistic View of God ................................................................... 32

Assignment: Personal Doctrinal Statement .................................................................... 33

Session 2, Part 1 – The Essence and Attributes of God .................................................... 39

Review Questions: The Essence and Attributes of God ................................................... 40

Session 2, Part 2 – The Nature of God.............................................................................. 41

Review: Essential Doctrines – The Nature of God ............................................................ 43

Session 2, Part 3 – The Trinity .......................................................................................... 44

Review: Essential Doctrines - The Trinity ......................................................................... 46

Session 3: A Little Pop Quiz ........................................................................................ 47

Session 3, Part 1 – Christology: The Pre-incarnate Christ ............................................... 49

Review: Essential Doctrines - The Pre-incarnate Christ ................................................... 52

Session 3, Part 2 – Christology: Nature of the Incarnation .............................................. 53

Review: Essential Doctrines - Nature of the Incarnation ................................................. 57

Session 3, Part 3 – Christology: Implications of the Cross ................................................ 58

Session 3, Part 4 – Christology: Resurrection & Ascension .............................................. 59

Review: Essential Doctrines - Resurrection & Ascension ................................................. 60

Session 4, Part 1 – Pneumatology: The Holy Spirit ........................................................... 61

Review: Essential Doctrines - The Holy Spirit ................................................................... 63

Session 4, Part 2 – Pneumatology: Works of the Holy Spirit ............................................ 64

Review: Essential Doctrines - Works of the Holy Spirit .................................................... 66

Session 4, Part 3– Pneumatology: The Fruit of the Spirit ................................................. 67

Review Questions: The Fruit of the Spirit......................................................................... 69

Quiz: Pneumatology ......................................................................................................... 70

Session 5, Part 1 – The Eternal Decrees of God ............................................................... 71

Teacher’s Note: Sovereignty vs. Responsbililty ................................................................ 71

Review Questions: The Eternal Decrees of God ............................................................... 72

Session 5, Part 2 –Creation .............................................................................................. 73

Review Questions: Creation ............................................................................................. 74

Session 5, Part 3 – Alternative Views of Creation ............................................................ 75

Teacher’s Note: Young Earth vs. Old Earth ..................................................................... 77

Review: Essential Doctrines - Creation ............................................................................. 77

Session 6, Part 1 – Angelology: The Doctrine of Angels ................................................... 78

Review Questions: Angelology: The Doctrine of Angels .................................................. 79

Session 6, Part 2 – Angelology: The Role of Angels .......................................................... 80

Review: Essential Doctrines - The Role of Angels ............................................................. 81

Session 6, Part 3 – Angelology: Satan and the Fallen Angels ........................................... 82