Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a

neurodegenerative disease that usually starts

slowly and progressively worsens. It is the
cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia.The
most common early symptom is difficulty
iremembering recent events. As the disease
advances, symptoms can include problems
with language, disorientation(including easily
getting lost), mood swings, loss of motivation,
self-neglect, and behavioral issues.

As a person's condition declines, they often

withdraw from family and society. Gradually,
bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to
death. Although the speed of progression can
vary, the typical life expectancy following
diagnosis is three to nine years.

Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18) is a genetic condition

that causes physical growth delays during fetal
development. Life expectancy for children diagnosed
with Edwards syndrome is short due to several life-
threatening complications of the condition. Children
who survive past their first year may face severe
intellectual challenges.

If a baby has Edwards' syndrome, they have inherited

an extra copy of chromosome 18. This extra copy can
be present in some or all of the baby's cells and can
lead to health problems for the baby. In full form
Edwards' syndrome, the baby has inherited a
complete extra copy of chromosome 18.
 Parkinson’s Diseases
Parkinson’s disease is a brain disorder that causes
unintended or uncontrollable movements, such as
shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and
coordination.

Symptoms usually begin gradually and worsen over

time. As the disease progresses, people may have
difficulty walking and talking. They may also have
mental and behavioral changes, sleep problems,
depression, memory difficulties, and fatigue.

What causes Parkinson’s disease?

The most prominent signs and symptoms of
Parkinson’s disease occur when nerve cells in
the basal ganglia, an area of the brain that
controls movement, become impaired
and/or die. Normally, these nerve cells, or
neurons, produce an important brain
chemical known as dopamine. When the
neurons die or become impaired, they
produce less dopamine, which causes the
movement problems associated with the
disease. Scientists still do not know what
causes the neurons to die.

 genbio 1
project
5 Disorders/Diseases that
result from the malfunction of
the cell during the cell cycle.

Mascariñas, Lathea Anne M. 11 STEM-EDISON

 Huntintong’s Disease
What is Huntington's disease?
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited disorder that causes nerve cells (neurons) in parts of the brain to gradually
break down and die. The disease attacks areas of the brain that help to control voluntary (intentional) movement, as
well as other areas.

Huntington's disease is a hereditary disorder caused by a

faulty gene for a protein called huntingtin. The children of
people with the disorder have a 50% chance of inheriting
it. The disease causes degeneration in many regions of the
brain and spinal cord.
 Autoimmune Disease
What are autoimmune diseases?
Your immune system is made up of organs and cells meant to protect your body from bacteria, parasites, viruses and
cancer cells. An autoimmune disease is the result of the immune system accidentally attacking your body instead of
protecting it. It's unclear why your immune system does this.

Autoimmune diseases can affect many types of

tissues and nearly any organ in your body. They may
cause a variety of symptoms including pain, tiredness
(fatigue), rashes, nausea, headaches, dizziness and
more. Specific symptoms depend on the exact
disease.