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GRADE 11
LEARNING
MODULE in
FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTANCY,
BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT (ABM) 2
NAME: ______________________________________________
SECTION: ___________________________________________
INTRODUCTION
The Statement of Comprehensive Income or the Income Statement is the first financial statement that a
company prepares because this statement is one of the four major financial statements of a company
that provide a representation of the company's current performance to investors. This information is
used to evaluate the overall value of a company and its share price. The income statement is one of the
most important financial statements because of its indication of profits, its timely reporting, and its
classification of revenues and expenses.
In this lesson, the main focus for discussion is the identification and description of the various accounts
under the elements of the statement of comprehensive income. The end goal of the income statement is
to prepare one for a single proprietorship using the single step income statement and one for a
merchandising business using the multistep income statement.
OBJECTIVES:
DISCUSSION
Statement of Comprehensive Income or the Profit and Loss Statement is a financial statement that
shows the result of operations for given period. It consists of the Revenue, Cost and Expenses.
Revenue represents the earnings of the business from sales of goods or service rendered. Revenue
accounts have a normal credit balance. Some common revenue accounts are:
Taxes and Licenses Expense – the cost of local as well as national taxes that are incurred and required to
be paid in connection with the conduct of business. Examples are: cost of acquire mayor’s permit,
registration cost of the business, percentage tax on sales, etc.
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Analysis & Interpretation of Financial Statements / SCI Page 2 of 10
DISCUSSION
1. Natural Form – presents expenses according to nature. This type of income statement is used in a
service business.
2. Functional Form – presents expenses according to functions (e.g. cost of sales, selling expenses,
administrative expenses). This type is used in a merchandising business.
Sales P 120,930
Less: Sales Returns and Allowances P 1,100
Sales Discount 20 1,120
Net Sales P 119,810
Less: Cost of Goods Sold:
Beginning Inventory P 0
Add: Net Purchases:
Gross Purchases P 220,500
Freight In 300
Total P 220,800
Less: Purchase Returns 2,400 218,400
Total goods available for sale P218,400
Less: Ending Inventory 158,750 39,650
Gross Profit from Operations P 60,160
Less: Operating Expenses:
Salaries a& wages P 5,400
Rent Expense 5,000
Freight-Out 150
Advertising Expense 1,300
Insurance Expense 590
Supplies Expense 500
Depreciation Expense 1,500
Utilities Expense 975
Miscellaneous Expense 700 P 16,115
General and Administrative Expenses
Office Salaries P 500
Office Supplies Expense 100
Utilities Expense 50
Depreciation on Building 150 800 16,915
Operating Income P 43,245
Add (Less): Non-Operating Expenses:
Interest Income P 250
Interest Expense 100 150
Net Income from Operation before Income Tax P 43,395
Less: Income Tax 150
NET INCOME after tax P 43,245
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Gross Profit is the difference between the sales revenue earned during the period and the cost to the
of the merchandise it has sold. In evaluating the performance of a merchandising company, many
analysis find it useful to express the gross profit as a percentage of net sales. The percentage is
called the gross profit rate. By computing the gross profit rate earned in successive accounting
periods, users of financial statements may gain insight into the strength of the company’s products
in the marketplace. A rising gross profit rate usually means that demand for the company’s products
is strong enough that the company has been able to increase the sales prices.
In evaluating the rate of gross profit earned by a particular company, the users of the financial
statements should consider the rate earned by the company in prior periods and also the gross profit
rates earned by other companies in the same industries. In most merchandising companies, the gross
profit rate remains reasonably consistent from one period to the next. Gross profit rate usually lies
between 30% to 40% of net sales, depending upon the type of merchandise sold. The gross profit rate
usually is lowest on fast moving merchandise, such as groceries, and highest on low-volume goods.
Operating expenses are incurred for the purpose of producing revenue. These expenses often are
subdivided into functional classifications, such as selling expenses and general and administrative
expenses. Subdividing operating expenses into functional classifications aids management and other
users of the statements in evaluating different aspects of the company’s operations separately. The
classifications of operating expenses into subcategories is a common practice, but it is not required
under generally accepted accounting principles.
Operating income or income from operations shows the relationship between revenue earned from
customers and expenses incurred in producing the revenue. In effect, operating income measures the
profitability of a company’s basic business operations and leaves out other types if revenues and
expenses.
Non-Operating Items are revenues and expenses that are not directly related to company’s primary
business activities. These items are listed in a final section of the income statement following the
determination of operating income. Two significant non-operating items, the interest expense and
income taxes expense. Interest expense stems from the manner and in which assets are financed, not
the manner in which these assets are used in business operations. Income taxes are not viewed as
operating expenses because paying income taxes does not help produced revenue. Any non-
operating revenue, such as interest revenue earned on investments, also is listed in this section of the
income statement.
Most of the investors or the owner’s consider net income to be the most important figure in the
income statement. This amount represents the overall increase or (decrease) in owner’s equity
resulting from business operations during the period.
GRADE 11
RETURN THIS
MODULE 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTANCY,
BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT (ABM) 2
Unit Topic: Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements
Lesson 1: The Statement of Comprehensive Income
(Income Statement)
KNOWLEDGE CHECK
2. How can the knowledge of the Statement of Comprehensive Income be considered relevant on my
part as a student of this institution?
3. Integration No. 1: (ICV) What values am I expected to learn and develop in the process of studying
the statement of comprehensive income? Why?
4. Integration No. 2 (Social Integration) How can my knowledge of the Statement of Comprehensive
Income be able to help in my relationship towards other members of my community?
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Analysis & Interpretation of Financial Statements / SFP Page 6 of 10
ACTIVITIES
Direction: On the space provided before the statement, write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE
if the statement is incorrect
___________ 1. The heading for an income statement might include the line “For the year ended
December 31, 2017”..
___________ 2. The account title “accrued interest payable” would appear on the income statement.
___________ 3. Balance sheet shows the result of operation for a given period.
___________ 4. Service Income are revenues earned by performing services for customers.
___________ 5. Expenses related to the use of electricity, fuel, water and telecommunications facilities
are recorded under utilities expenses.
___________ 6. Expired portion of premium paid on insurance coverage is Supplies Expense.
___________ 7. Rent Expense is the amount paid for the use of space, equipment and other rentals.
___________ 8. Payments made to employees for rendering services to the company is Salaries Expense.
___________ 9. Interest Income and Interest Expense are income statement accounts.
___________10, Supplies Expense is the same as Supplies Used.
Direction: Presented below are the income statement accounts for Willie’s Auto Repair Shop for the year ended
December 31, 2018. Prepare a NATURAL FORM Statement of Comprehensive Income for
Willie’s Auto Repair Shop for the year ended December 31, 2018 by completing the statement below.
Repair Income P
Expenses: Rent Expense P
Utilities Expense
Salaries Expense
Insurance Expense
Depreciation Expense
Bad Debts Expense
Supplies Expense 400 .
Net Income P
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2. Integration No. 4 (Faith/ Biblical Reflection: Mark 8:36). How will you relate the bible verse with
the lesson discussed on the Statement of Comprehensive Income: “For what shall it profit a man,
if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul”?
In this lesson, you learned the meaning of the Statement of Comprehensive Income You also learned the
description of each account that affects the elements of the statement of comprehensive income. Lastly,
you are expected to prepare a SCI of a service business using the single step approach and for a
merchandising business using the multiple step approach.
EXIT INSTRUCTIONS
Answer activities with all honesty and sincerity. Check your answer on the lesson’s knowledge check,
activities 1 to 5 and the assessment part to ensure that all blanks have been answered. Make sure that you
do not leave any blank space unanswered. Please do not forget to write your name and the date of
submission of your answer sheets.
The entire module should be submitted back to the teacher before getting the next module.
SUPPORTING REFERENCES
Lim, Reyge Toh-Li Y., Fundamentals of Accounting, Revised Edition 2004, Manila, pages 254-289
Ong, Flocer Lao., Fundamentals of Accounting, Textbook for Beginners, Second Edition, 2008, pages
7-31
Valencia, Edwin G., Basic Accounting, 2002, pages 34-35
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