DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION 4 Osdes and ue Oye, (aay GD ME G=o Gy {eaten Es aepentet Stem acaie cower aleviable ener ate (a= 8 dens 3 JB) orders 3 >(ay =y deqee ®iweo S oF Bindependent Ww B+ sin(d) variable - Sond Sorders 4 deguee = 4 stegree = No aE Formation of | (WDE ave formed by elimination of asbitary const. Gia envoive ‘in? arbitery const: we have to duff that ea? ‘rl no of tienes. @) Y= Axegx? ® Y= aeosus bsing Sys A+2ex 4) Syl sal-sinw) thes yi 2@ -Gi) Sy"s-acos being From eq? (i) £01) 3 yllz -lacose + bsime) ac wt y' = rete az yleyte Resuiti-y=cye™ycyeh™ get's sen ob Ben at ay ens'at y ss @yzae% hee AE ol of aiff eqn = AHENERAL SOI? SLT particule sell 3 find the value of cont with the help of Bound cond”. 44 tid of solving St ordes DEI variable sepesable Brack DE GidReducible 4o Vat sepevablelvi) Reducitle 40 GO Liners DE Gract DE. Gy) Reducible to LOE Variable seperable:- (check the order of OF Gd SOP Regd ener @WH=2 yosr a (ual & cont ye S Any slmerloc B Any = Anew YQ) =2 abushye2 w J (eg =e, ate Metatey >a ar HF fqn Reducible 40 vasinble seperable?~ deo. ind. variable ase Aegurented with oe fer = sincuyy a: aes ¥ 44a] Dr = Sinvysy) we aie ED pets . vaviable(dep 4 ind] 3 Bek sysut HY ssinncssy seasusiny ie 3 ae krudt S Reduced, way =b a a ae Lsintasgreb, ‘resol seperable (sine saa !500 (esint) (eset cost tamt-sect =14¢ [## Linear DE:-W Dep. variable £ its derivative must be of Lonly £ not ye %¢ | multiple Togethers. yy yly"ls not allowed ay, ry!-s atlowed Giythe dep variable § i4s devivative should net be aig. of FP. Ex:- siny, easy, tony, €¥ anotetk aC, “SUMIT KUMAR’ SPESTP hence! sot" Scanned with CamScannerwhy dy 2 de an * ak yt dy - - de oe Vien 2 set (sed ed [sein tcf) (air f dy +c O28. @y-E) a 9 y-tf=(orfase 2 yt dy delet etdete ah Uso, y24 pest spe] 3) d9 =. ler) B= 3 ast) - at ¥. dy AK = My ay rgtsty 3 Ae 5 OG % 8 at e | amee 3 Po-4$,@zayt ceSP4y a 1 suse a4 Gen sol = # Equation Reducible to LDE?- Geroullies DE: pry (LY ak yn (Sn) & Qs ak ak y(n) Pt 0-7 ue at yun) UNO @) bet Wy Az 1 (sey say DES} cae LPS Qytyuy = 8 oes auy oe AY way zady* alt wy eaty Tearouls 1b (48) wy oad 1 3Gd- t= Vytdy yt cod {yap yee’ Unersten? hen golve— ® ge vusinay sa sty > # 4g rt-asiny cosy = WEFT prob- yp ae > aya ed aes at 3 secty AY 4 au-tany <8 Spe metoy 8 P pxob, Aang at Secy dS 2 dk | dk bs 28 eT F ‘hen Solve. #¥ Geach DEI— The ve is enact DE if conn 408 exact DE z Genet al Gndu andy =e Y=Congt only these term which doesn't contain % Ear Gvuck OF var nedy Mary ny =o ar am oy ak Ask Detach (yaushedy se yee Guterang Caplan uyts yA) duu — arty —duy*4sing) dy 0 AE Cah Reducible to evact DE l-(Non exact aE) TR = A factor which reduces non exact DE to Exact DE mtd. of finding re :- Let, Maxt Nay, is nen exact DE bs (ade + NA, Li nert gage Scanned with CamScannerMAN axe homogenous pz wary. £° of some degre be maar - (a8 —au' co ge 3 Eo Sac Endy <0 Meaty -2uy? 3M 4 BN Eynot exact o. [B+ ape omeroe Wan axe homes. oF some degu ok a “Pre Ry ~ 389% multiply Tf into DE (ossaest jan -daats ast Case aadaguty ee C5 - EJ ~ G3) 3)dy =o m a art. ant Ly exact oe ay OK fe arae-ELG MDW =e ae rot concider e value of x MeyUew) Ns ey mo ae br a7 a] fiduy) N= Oty) soulirty) Moy) Neaclooy) & asdée LG awdy =o nok consides x “SUMIT KR? = BN = £60 ©) const eat rs Fe “2Sfeoai| Gd Gd 4yt+2 dX Fa¥dy =o. ™ N 4 sax > am _ an pofeo 3 xf eS S ay ax N 3 fetodasn aut [etaydy <0 y doeciit consides x ae ston as] @ ey -sinaude +oos7y- cose) dy =o. > TAs sect 4secytany #oathogonal Trajector find DE of given family of curve Gd eeploce Ay by “AE te get DE oF orthogonal » Replace 1 S by: ae if HF is gala form Gii)sove the secuttant ee to get or. (Gofind of of athe family of care fiom y= kOt-4) Sysmek dye ax = * abe Mort} sne of given cave weplace, go. = “dt ob ~Mocsyp deat ot 3 ydy = --Ddu 1 2 forcpaurehe sff=abec] @) x= a(urcnse) dx ~~ ash ‘ o< los a: 392.5 -asino logs = loql sina 1eg meee extol 4 loge ino [coseess ~cot Je 3 xe TAL (iteesa) | dogna : replace, AX Bac stg, (cess) aus lo {sin S82] sind ‘ahah {ress}¢] > $s (eae legx=(rsecode Heatode Scanned with CamScanner* General form inh ordes 06) aff) The, a a i {sorsaa™ha,o -.--an]y =f (ea Gren. DE of Ho (OTF {OD =O5 Hom.o€ (idTE {6040.3 Non-hom 9¢ # Romogene ews LDE:- ie order} far*ane aly =o sry [poly arty ant s. n= I. orang =F) Procedure: @auviliasy Equation (ag) Gidfind out the toot of AE, Aimy zo (eoram san =o] {Bons am+q,=0] Roots of Aux: Eqn Genesal_sol® Real f distinct Rost(en,yn) y=cye™"y ce Real Fequal Rost (mm) y=(C+ewje™ Deompler Rook tip) — y= efercorpurcysingrl Boots Gen ea? ® 23 ye cece Ww 22 yen aqget wo ae y =ePfeicosaa rey sion é WW ar Y= awe iti 2 Lecos(® et ent cos E)racsinfaht Sab 2 Bi W4, we ys +e feet uvcingy] Wi) 43044 Yelereadeafcgcossutegsinarl] Wii oe,0 @ oy yele ten segutye™ Hr 6Y=O, YlOd=2, Vl0}=3 > i ze Pu Dom AESmsm +6 0 ms 2,3 3 Real f distinc ey cet Be crea eM Vs aqe™ty ace 3 = ages gee? Gi) From (1) f I css. qa-t yesete™ way Fa ees S mz a2 [yaerawe] @ yirytayzo @ dv -yro DACs ritamst zo ae ~p Besar qac Smits Smak ams-tt Ea LETTS) ms! “fF a @ My ayiay SAEs mm gm-4 20. metymziai you met, caabe root of unity cy 20igyoe md = (ma) Cams so ms Akai 7 af Non. homogeneous Linear diff. ean ;~ (ely =f fy cispalie sha tuivne | nka_of finding ex:- (Px te) Fes e™ forma a =Sinareryeos = & sinaw PEE Foy Gen. sol pur ots -(@* pnt go *& sin ani} Fo (OY, TK ow qo f= Ae But. o=aan'so PB * cml em @) vi -aylnwy = SACS mL amsiozo 1 mens es cem™ae = b foo eRe FRO 4 ee 1 eae put 29922 | | Scanned with CamScanner(Q) y"-4ulyay = cosy etaces%] £ cose GD DIS puto = (aft st 4 0 Ay W429) cose 2-23) (12D) er cose 3, > & (ees mo put ote —W) SL 2d) cosy 3 Lf[leray cost] 2 ea ‘ DL loners § end opr = h[eosw- asim] FO) = WAS polynomial, ow GOGO tS aes =~ GidQey ts Leaws aut == (@oo*-ap42) => DB ges qeteqere Sets 1 wy) SG-syiut- 4 Ue BY sere(epyhe- 9. 2 sarnsstent- oo agemeage e 3 Obra - AU El Ser= ag, For 4: £00 = eM sinbu or ear [Fe dyed] ehh grant A cosay um 4a aes) @W-sPtOy =eMeose Typ {Oo = ews art OH) x sinaKy = + foo (er ef] a a ea flay ma gyno gern veo, bdErsady = wsierr > Prat wsinry 34 L sin 22 sina ug 43 GMa putas. Put at =. esinat _ 4 ensue ales St em] COMPLEX ANALYSIS +] cartesian forn:-[x=setiy] Asolute value (or) dist fom covigin Rees] WEsponential ferm:- g=Ig\e® o> principal ag. (woith sign} SAngle From ave div” of xX-atis in either elu div (ox) Aelia div uohich ever ig gmail ec) % Gidfelerfonn;- Szusiy x= [lee Ystsina & 1B) (cosa. sising}] # Root of complex [esepsystsolenisy] where, kee, 1.2 ®is polar form = tpl [essotisingl 4. forma pale Papi eM agg, wFapgih Tea 4 Wo ase Giy-2 se" 4 4ecube toot of unity 7- (IS jer toe’ Sfoye Pwsu ays ett fers se acet] veo, BE 5 ae sof SE0t__ * as 25) ¢isin@B]5 “248i mote 2 Stein) teas Bl > Esemprisine]s 248 a pth cosy 3 a(t] purstesPetae on o Pr=-2% ap coeerl koa, E> ADB k ponutowtat i * twtutso 23a, apai Scanned with CamScannerexpress the foll. complex no. @ Asi Go ai siis[aFee 3 hee 30 = tan!) 3 o =m) =tan oz tee i aipfom = el posrforrn = =nifosg vicing| OW , @sinT 3(e%y > nlel¥)* sel™ ain el Seay 3 iV Ay (ose sisRiae aa ‘ en Find fq (Bz) 3 agzzo.2 ™% fga.coa= “a the valye of % in the eq? GEE =O TF ww ave cube soot of unity Sorye=-8 seen sca easel (R-)* = C0 casebiy C4 = OM “Gey case did (e-UF= Cre") Ww a f ay is {tea He complex power of a complex no» SMHIY Baz ativa ati9a poet. # as 5 free 3 ize 3 ee i fei} 5 # # contugate of the complex noi- Grmimor image about x-ayis Rewiy Fa wly % Properties:- 33 = BY Brae ta o{atiat= ties! Wet aa W ye 5-5) 33 S{gaai) ai) = * Modul jG (ar 8.) = Cat Ba) Sel> eH Giid [Real 4 [RIE WW) (Rr Bal % fal - Ba) H4+ Anguinent .— Wag (Sr) = evga) - aged Wang (ay 3a) = HQ) +9492) HE G0 of cide in complex form? a G9 of clicle having centve ak origin f yadius @ aeutiy 3 (sychtas® 3 ats ftat=e] GD ER of civcle ooeaea ceatse a wk) f-vadins R fete] Tn complex forrn;- centre ak Ze ze fradius & Re mtiy 205 heik (g-Be) =(4-h) +L9-K) i SIa-34| =fe-ny 0-4 (@) 342i lies inside]outside jon the civde c:\3-24il=2. S \sai-asil = sail 3 eT = FS >2 outside the citcle Hk Complex fynction:~ g=utiy is a complex wasiable than complex #% fealaent meg. Rest Ege Wiest attostuisy Sods)s Bay! TY # Cauchy —@iemaan ea (cR eg? iv $'ta) exist at go if pastial devivative Ux,uy, valy are continuous § satisfied cR eq’. ge Analytic function :- {() is analytic af 30, iF flay is differentiate at every eink in some neigheshsod of 30 (@ocheck analytic F(3) 3 f@y= tiv : veey | | goth cona® satisfied Sfinalytic. ant saat | Scanned with CamScanner4 f= uriv OFWs usive Gd Ma =weiny WRG =Ueivy Gy Ceo =Wy- iy) % When only u is givea check qnalytic} fy=utiy 4 ou eu obs f is analytic harmonic eq” TF wis given find value of v7 ‘Total derivative v3 v=f Guy) av 2/88 du + Bhiay aE Milne - Thompson mtd :- ROE | sevens tern hn ish @4@= ot-yd + ni © 3 By milne-th, mtd Put usaz,yzo flay=at $i =23 @) let lads utiv be an qnalytic fn Fusaulley) than find DY GHG) SUD v srt ary -y* 46 pny [by Total devivative on md-8o[by cr eqn] ‘by cf en Gd Flay = uriy Smelly si OC ytHV40) pub weg,y so Plays 2arsise Any mmtd-Gi) calculation of $13) divectly from y waithout caleulating ‘Vy? HAY 4 Uys 3 uy ux iG) Fa) = @asyent? F000 pub uaa. sy =! fee Pur aay =e flay = a¢234 TF f(g) = Usiv be analytic fn — @Veanydne find u Sikzavel e-uy vysan cus rusts dyson - at = flop ya FO = aT ys FO su waahac Us yy F090 tae Tayos sevies:- tf Flz) Uy analytic ot 324 than 1 of flgdabout 3=a is— Flay =Mlay 13-4) HU + (B-9N* gllagy -- -- © Thaco than it is called Ms one rays dagedy Ba ate = BLL : ot tae ( Ao) = esate abe -- Joy anything foo = ay Be eOoe-g) Grad OCD @ 10 28 be 0 oe a) OB ‘eo © foo = f+ Bue ated Grayorse) OM (@ Expand fla) = Wald in tagion (alee Shaya ai £9 5 ee ess than > again lees > 2(W3ysea] D =h[u&) + Ba---] [re arste---] NSTE=(DcR ea" saticfied at origin only means ibis differentiate at origin but is not anal Gidfay £7 which include Z is clesays no anqlytic [id Every polynomial is always entive WTF Ma = UlOLY+ INLAY) is qnalytic then UE) HV [LY ae Oethogonal 4e each other UGLY) £ VLOGy) ave harmonic of wey “SUMIT KR? {rw sagridtec) Scanned with CamScannerFE Lawsent Sesies:—having both -ve f ve power of vant Lk Tee of v4 G No ye powes tem in L's GEsseatil sieg:- flap = Sink) oat azo fae kite és ee highest Ve power of variable iso Gi Pole of ordes n fg flo = = af ace Singularity aifs- +38 frp Ste) vat ya 7G n> highest -Ve power Le ed GBT Te He Residuer- coeff of simple gole 3 ovdet = 4 a2 > double pale > order = 2 Residue ot 324 ietanad w 2ine n GA) zea Rees at 32% tin fost een} 3. sl Ge oo @fw = 3 \-5 ay aay lif Cauchy -Int. Th 3- TF fla) is analykic inside on q ait closed counter than~ [gfsex=e] > § See C18 sane sing old ae 4G esidue-thestern~ oxtsde te GF dx= a i(Q Rat Rgt--—4RA) she outside = inside fo 6 se cls seh SORE HERE a a GFR oka) , fa 28 “ {fetes anit A sinmgacos alie inside 4 Li a: 2tin GF eG ac Satie 394 ae fesitveth, © 3 Onc. SRbag= aries] 36: eadageanidte! pani a-ani Hy bi) @g2aes ag, Celia (s-4)@ 434s) > Gfladdg = ami (Gum of residue) ) 4348) =o xbagesce ac th we Ne inalde cue jayi[=J5>4 9 oubide owtside ~ \a-i)={5> 4-9 outside 5 (eens |52e *\@-41)Grazisy} = amig 2h = Aart GF dys amis 28 = ABT ty HH Cauchy -Int formula’ le £13) be analytic inside fon cfa be say point inside fla) = ang 2 4g “SUMIT KR” Scanned with CamScannerPROBABILITY eqs % of favorable outcomes eres DE Total no. of outcomes ns) Example: A dice is Hhvown Sample space(s) ={4.253.4,5,6) Event (ad: Event of div. by 3 SA =£3,6} Op: Event (@):~ frent oft. on evenno St=f.4.c] baad Bvent(avey:- A= Bch 02 fac} ave=fara.ch 2 Aor mote evenk ave mutually exhaustive if hese union gives sample space Be ex feed mes fiasacc} c= fua.s} % + Mutually Exhaustive event: 4 Mutwally exclusive eveat: Bc =f pu sek © [PLmva = Pears ca) - PANGS] fer A=BG C= foc > o(nud= F44-+ z Rolling of dices’ Ldice > Gases {4,2,3,4,5,6} > ceases adie Sho» above ex WBE ASC atsrd 14 as 36 : 26 3) SE gh as as 36 e 4) 42 43g 4s 46 gt ga G2 SANSBAg6 ei 62 63 64 6860 sum of 2 dices! 2s4e6F RQ url a34sées43ad 1G) Two dice ave vowed case i i= = ok W Pfsun= 400 5] Ae = A ty (id Pfsurm is divisible 4] =ft.4n2) > wists 3. (0 P( Pred. is )=206D.0,0693, 4. 5 4 Gv) Pisum is neither g nov ah > 1-P [goxa} ov) 3 oe Single card is dvawn from the pack of cr. © Plcngiosy pee} 3 thik 5 a GoP[KeD Heat] femet = 16 (@) Two em ase dieion”froen a pack af sacaids U) P[both king] 5 Me (ipefore nk onek 33 4cicdey Sal, HEConditional _probabihity :- bar A fais dice tossed once: WWhet ig the prob. of obtaining ‘<° given that an even no. has occured? 3 Benne occured = Back P@ = + Rate; Total cue = Sey, mrigiations [econey = ee) PU) = PAD PLE ay = eLAne) 5 == Sea on a Independent Event TF ALB ate independent event then— (PH) = PLAY | WDPLAMeeD=PIAD-PLEE), WeG)= Ko He PLAF ng) = ED: AC) Gi plang) = PAD: Plaid PLAPN EE) = PHS: PLE) }#F Bayels th mn Po= etna etn e(ane] \al al ‘olal preb-Theorem fro= PDP.) * CAA): PLR + Pla) *U%)| Statistics @dfov the set of data Beard find - DW means Arts t4ae (i Gd median = LAGE p BI Gil) Mode = Sample space 46, Wo henge s g-4=5 highest Guoest Ww) vaviqnee =(62) = 2 on S340 2 SHE H- HOHE TI ~ € Se Sota aaq WDst. deviation) = fvevience =[2-4972 “SUMIT KR” Scanned with CamScannerRandom variable Diseret Random yariable Continous Rand. var. v v infinite value EXE A paivcoin is tossed once Ex:-Dusation of call KL no. of heads KE No-of coll dys. inn] x= balay Prob mass {9 4)" usefor discrete RV counted value Piob density £9 Flu :- use for continuous RV ® PA yo © {920 GD eeov =4. Wy T fou =a Gib Peo = Potexy, (i Fon <0 GDA die is loaded co that prob: of getting face x is IOP. to Wt. The prob. of an odd no. oceusing when the die is tolled would be- > Poo= He PUex360s) EPL PLEA 4 POU=2) 4P(M=2) + Pee Fiat Aaktakaskeses to Plays PCPs) Sia shone = day + PLMEDt Pee) =4 Kg) Find the value of A such that fun Fu) is valid Prob. denilty fo Flw = ALw-13@.-09 for zac) =o otherwise . bans Frown ees a 2 y =f twzts (i > Gales ony =A DAZ 6 Bey 4 ¥ Expectation:-tEypected value of Rv w is definedas— upon, wwhen «is discsete sondor Veriable wT Gi Expected value of Rv x* is defined as ~ EC POO wohen we W Discrel RY Pac Flay dre aaben at is cont: RY Guy varience= Efee40" costo: > Goes at Go Clate}= VENTE, Jarignee of = © Gi mean) = egpetation “GUMET Ke FSekod, shen ais continuous Ran vad Eee: ‘ @ ee =c HF Poisson's distsibubi 4H Binomial distsibution The probimass fn of Bin. dish is given lay — POO = Nex(psayn-¥] 9 No of trail l cease ™] 13 no-of Himes even) 5 pnb of event is single thal ~8((.q}] follow gin. dict with parameter PAA then ~ mean =np, vatiance Pq mean = EN).= €weO) variance = EO -a* sex eu) fee (@)A coin is tossed G times — Co Phgetting exactiy 24] () efgetting atleast 24] (Gon 4 manaFacturing plant, the prob. of makin © defective bolt iso. the mean f standard deviation of Bolts in a total of goo bolis axe seapedtively. mean =Np = gookes> 9° stand.dey. = Faeiance =j5q 3 3} (S0OKSTKOS = 9 (8) A fais coin is tossed independently 4 times. The prob. oF event “The no- af times heads show up is rose than the no: of times fails chow up Lb — ns S. 3 Te PLP = 1-04 =o: 7 Special case of Bin. dist. > 4S Passions dist. Hose (no of gossibibity =n) Total 9 £2 New -very seme x= 0:90) Ts Pmt is eu = eA Meo =: mean =A variance = (@) The no- of accidents oceusting in a month fotlow fois- dist: with mean as 5.2 -The prob. of occurrence of less Ahan 2 accidents in the plant duving vendemly selected month is ~ 3 Plaery = OL) PLD 3 PraF = o-hAXh Stiga, eS yeart a Seah, ¢ aes 3 0.084 aay Bois isestimated that the avg: sof events dash a year is Mhvee-What is the prob of accunence of not move than 2 events over a a. year duration] Assume that the no: of event follow poisson dist- Dd AT Ayt ack = C/ayeas 3 Plucad= PLD + PW 4P(D > 3D ote ayy nage ete cs e eteh, c Scanned with CamScanner