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Internet of Services

Article · June 2018

DOI: 10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i5.678

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International Journals of Advanced Research in
Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Article May
ISSN: 2277-128X (Volume-8, Issue-5) a 2018

Internet of Services
Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Mahamadou Tembely, and Sarhan M. Musa
Roy G. Perry College of Engineering, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, United States
Email: sadiku@ieee.org; mtembely@student.pvamu.edu; smmusa @pvamu.edu

Abstract— The Internet of Things could be a short-lived phrase since it will soon become the Internet of Services
(IoS). IoS is a major pillar of the future Internet because it presents everything on the Internet as a service. The
Internet of Things (IoT) will become the enabler of IoS as we move into the service era. Different hardware
configurations will enable different kind of services. This paper provides a brief introduction into the Internet of
Service.

Keywords— Internet of Services, Service-oriented Internet, Internet of Things Services

I. INTRODUCTION
As more and more networks, humans, devices, and businesses are added and connected to the Internet, it has
emerged as the world’s business backbone. The Internet is transforming our industrialized manufacturing based economy
to a service based economy.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a worldwide network of physical objects using the Internet as a communication
network. It is the next stage of information revolution because it deals with inter-connectivity of everything. It is
becoming what people on the street can relate to [1].
The growing importance of services through the Internet has led to the emergence of the Internet of Services.
The Internet of things is gradually becoming Internet of services (IoS). The convergence of Internet of Things and
Services will transform the dream of smart homes, smart offices, smart cities, smart government, and smart planet into
reality.
.
II. BASIC CONCEPTS
Our economy is service-oriented and the service sector has become the fastest-growing business sector in the
world. Services currently govern digital economies and register a massive economic growth. They will become more
important in the near future. In the Internet of Services, business services are regarded as tradable goods via the Internet.
“A service is a commercial transaction where one party grants temporary access to the resources of another party in order
to perform a prescribed function and a related benefit. Resources may be human workforce and skills, technical systems,
information, consumables, land and others” [2]. This definition covers a wide range of services. These include web
services, other automated services, and the traditional business services. With the help of web technologies, services will
become more widely and easily available.

III. ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES

The Internet of Services may be regarded as “Internet” centric and “service” centric. Deploying IoS involves a
wide range of technologies. The four major ones that play a vital role in materializing the vision of the Internet of
Services are [3]:
 Cloud Computing: Cloud computing will play a crucial role in Internet of Services. It will enable on-demand
provisioning of applications and provide global connectivity and technical services to smart phones and devices.
Using cloud computing to support IoS has many benefits including service elasticity, cost reduction, service
availability and reliability, and cloud interoperability [4].

 Service-oriented Architectures (SOA): This has emerged as a prevailing technological foundation of the IoS
since the services are easy to implement, deploy, and consume. Business service applications are shifting
towards service-oriented architectures (SOA) where services are viewed as tradable goods. Web 2.0
incorporates a social philosophy that is complementary to the technology-focused SOA philosophy. IoS

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 Sadiku et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(5)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 91-93
incorporates the best of Web 2.0 and SOA [5]. Businesses or individual users can select out of several
interoperable Web-based resources.

 Big Data: Big data applies to data sets of extreme size (e.g. exabytes, zettabytes) which are beyond the
capability of the commonly used software tools. Big data is growing rapidly and expanding in all science and
engineering, including physical, biological, and medical services. Different companies use different means to
maintain their big data [6]. They are beginning to value all kinds of new data sources.

 Mobility: Mobile devices are becoming increasingly popular due to their mobility and connectivity. The
adoption of mobile devices for Internet services has increased at a rapid rate and has caused several changes in
the mobile business. More and more business users will handle their transactions with mobile devices. This will
lead to the availability of business applications in multiple forms and increase the flexibility of traditional
enterprise systems.

IV. ISSUES FACING IOS

The Internet is a highly interconnected global network which presents some challenges from a security, trust and
privacy perspective. How do we regulate a network that knows no boundaries? Security usually involves authentication,
authorization, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation. Because the currently used Web service lacks security
technologies, sensitive information is readily available to an attacker. Trust or trustworthiness is related to beliefs.
Building and maintaining customer’s trusted network is vital. Privacy has various dimensions, depending on whose
privacy we wish to protect. It may include owner privacy, user privacy, and respondent privacy [7].
Copyright and intellectual property are generally influenced by the principle of territoriality. They limit the
applicability in the Internet of Services [8]. Standardization of describing services play an important role in the services
industry.

V. CONCLUSION
The Internet of Services is yet to become a reality. It is the ultimate goal of Internet of things. It regards the
Internet as a global platform for the utilization of interoperable resources. This next-generation Internet will be
characterized by human collaboration and interconnections of services and things. Researchers have started to study
various aspects of the service industry to see what services can be practically implemented on the Internet.

REFERENCES
[1] M.N.O. Sadiku, and S.M. Musa and S. R. Nelatury, “Internet of Things: an introduction,” International Journal
of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology, vol. 2, no.3, March 2016, pp. 39-43.
[2] O. Terzidis, D. Oberle, and K. Kadner, “The Internet of Services and
USDL,”http://www.w3.org/2011/10/integration-workshop/p/USDLPositionPaper.pdf.
[3] S. Fischer, “Challenges of the Internet of Services,” a chapter in Towards the Internet of Services: The
THESEUS Research Program, July 2014, pp. 15-27.
[4] R. Moreno-Vozmediano, R. S. Montero, and I. M. Llorente, “Key Challenges in Cloud Computing: Enabling
the Future Internet of Services,” IEEE Internet Computing, July/August 2013, pp. 18-25.
[5] C. Schroth and T. Janner, “Web 2.0 and SOA: Converging Concepts Enabling the Internet of Services,” IT Pro,
May/June 2007, pp. 36-41.
[6] M. N.O. Sadiku, M. Tembely, and S.M. Musa, ”Big Data: an Introduction for engineers,” Journal of Scientific
and Engineering Research, vol. 3, no. 2, 2016, pp. 106-108.
[7] J. H. P. Eloff et al., “Internet of people, things and services - The convergence of security, trust and privacy,”
3rd CompanionAble Workshop – IoPTS, December 2009.
[8] C. Baumann and C. Loës, “Formalizing Copyright for the Internet of Services,” iiWAS2010 Proceedings, Nov.
2010, pp. 714-721.

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 Sadiku et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(5)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 91-93
ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Matthew N.O. Sadiku is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Prairie View
A&M University, Prairie View, Texas. He is the author of several books and papers. His areas of research interest
include computational electromagnetics and computer networks. He is a fellow of IEEE.

Mahamadou Tembely is an adjunct Instructor at Prairie View A&M University, Texas. He received the 2014
Outstanding MS Graduated Student award for the department of electrical and computer engineering. He is the author of
several papers.

Sarhan M. Musa is a professor in the Department of Engineering Technology at Prairie View A&M
University, Texas. He has been the director of Prairie View Networking Academy, Texas, since 2004. He is an LTD
Sprint and Boeing Welliver Fellow.

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