05 Arens Aas 13ce Tif 05 05 Arens Aas 13ce Tif 05: Auditing I (University of Windsor) Auditing I (University of Windsor)

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05 arens aas 13ce tif 05
Auditing I (University of Windsor)
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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-1
Chapter 5 Audit Responsibilities and Objectives
5.1 Explain the objective of conducting an audit of financial statements
1) The objective of the audit of financial statements by the auditor is the expression of an
opinion on
A) the accuracy of the financial statements.
B) the balance sheet and income statement.
C) the fairness of the financial statements.
D) the annual report.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 95
Learning Obj.: 5-1 Explain the objective of conducting an audit of financial statements
2) CAS 200 explains that the purpose of the financial statement audit is to express an opinion
on the financial statements. This opinion is an assessment of whether the financial statements
are presented fairly using
A) Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) only.
B) an applicable financial reporting framework.
C) management's assertions.
D) rules of professional conduct.
Answer: B
3) The auditor gives an audit opinion on the fair presentation of the financial statements and
associates his or her name with it when, on the basis of adequate evidence, the auditor
concludes that the financial statements are unlikely to mislead
A) a prudent user.
B) management.
C) the reader.
D) investors.
Answer: A
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

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5.2 Distinguish management's responsibility for the financial statements and internal control
from the auditor's responsibility for verifying the financial statements
1) The responsibility for adopting a sound and appropriate financial reporting framework and
corresponding accounting policies, maintaining adequate internal controls, and making fair
representations in the financial statements rests
A) with management.
B) with the auditor.
C) equally with management and the auditor.
D) with the internal audit department.
Answer: A
Learning Obj.: 5-2 Distinguish management's responsibility for the financial statements and
internal control from the auditor's responsibility for verifying the financial statements
2) The responsibility for the preparation of the financial statements and the accompanying
footnotes belongs to
A) the auditor.
B) management.
C) both management and the auditor equally.
D) management for the statements and the auditor for the notes.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 96-97
3) The auditor has considerable responsibility for notifying users whether the financial
statements are fairly stated. This imposes upon the auditor a duty to
A) be an insurer of the fairness in the statements.
B) be a guarantor of the fairness in the statements.
C) be equally responsible with management for the preparation of the financial statements.
D) provide reasonable assurance that material misstatements will be detected.
Answer: D

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4) In May 2015, the firm of Chang and Crown (C&C) became the auditors of Laua Limited
(LL) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. LL's shareholders and Board approved the
change from its previous audit firm on the recommendation of LL's senior management. One of
the new board members is a bit confused about management's role with respect to the financial
statements and thought that Chang and Crown would be preparing the financial statements. He
was also glad that the auditors would be able to help prevent illegal acts and fraud.
Required:
A) Distinguish between management's responsibility and the auditor's responsibility for the
financial statements under audit.
B) Explain to the board member why the auditor does NOT help prevent illegal acts and fraud.
What is the role of the auditor with respect to illegal acts and fraud?
Answer:
A)
Management:
Management is responsible for adopting appropriate accounting policies, maintaining adequate
internal control, and making fair representations in the financial statements.
Auditor:
The auditor is required to plan and perform the audit with an attitude of professional
skepticism, recognizing that circumstances may exist that cause the financial statements to be
materially misstated.
B) Since management is responsible for maintaining internal control, it is management's

responsibility to design and monitor internal controls to help prevent and detect illegal acts and
fraud.
The auditor considers fraud and illegal acts in the context of whether they have a material
effect upon the financial statements. Accordingly, the auditor is responsible for obtaining
reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free of material error, which includes
illegal acts that may have a material indirect effect on the financial statements, and material
fraud, which may have a direct effect on the financial statements.
Audits cannot be expected to provide the same degree of assurance for the detection of
material management fraud, since concealment by management makes fraud more difficult for
auditors to find.
Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: A96-97; B99-104

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5.3 Explain the responsibilities of those in charge of governance for financial statements and
internal control
1) Prior to looking at the specific cycles, the auditor will first

A) enquire about and document corporate governance systems.
B) perform tests of controls on significant cycles.
C) perform analytical review of specific accounts.
D) perform a risk assessment for the audit of the organization.
Answer: A
Learning Obj.: 5-3 Explain the responsibilities of those in charge of governance for financial
statements and internal control
5.4 Explain the auditor's responsibility for discovering material misstatements due to fraud or
error, and the need to maintain professional skepticism when conducting the audit
1) There is agreement within the auditing profession and the courts that the auditor is
A) not a guarantor or insurer of financial statements.
B) a guarantor but not an insurer of financial statements.
C) an insurer but not a guarantor of financial statements.
D) both a guarantor and an insurer of financial statements.
Answer: A
Learning Obj.: 5-4 Explain the auditor's responsibility for discovering material misstatements
due to fraud or error, and the need to maintain professional skepticism when conducting
the audit
2) Professional skepticism during the financial statement audit requires an appropriate state of
mind, being impartial and objective and continuing to be throughout the whole audit
engagement. Which of the following illustrates an appropriate state of mind?
A) not having any ownership in the client's shares or being a debt-holder
B) carefully assessing documents and not being the company's advocate
C) matching documents to make sure that they are accurate and fair
D) being aware that there could be material misstatements in the financial statements
Answer: D
the audit

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3) The requirement for an attitude of skepticism means that the auditor should
A) not be blind to evidence that suggests the documents, books, or records have been altered or
are incorrect.
B) plan and conduct the audit with an attitude of distrust in management.
C) perform additional tests of controls to increase the probability of discovering fraud or errors.
D) not consider management's explanation as evidence on any subject.
Answer: A
the audit
4) The factor that distinguishes an error from fraud or other irregularities is

A) materiality.
B) intent.
C) whether it is a dollar amount or a process.
D) whether it is a caused by the auditor or the client.
Answer: B
the audit
5) Which of the following is an example of fraudulent financial reporting (management fraud)?

A) intentional overstatement of sales to increase reported earnings
B) managers or others taking bribes from accounts payable suppliers
C) the purchasing manager submitting travel expenses twice (i.e. duplicate payment)
D) a clerk taking cash at the time a sale is made and not recording the sale
Answer: A
the audit
6) In comparing management fraud with employee fraud, the auditor's risk of failing to
discover the fraud is greater for
A) employee fraud because of the larger number of employees in the organization.
B) employee fraud because of the higher crime rate among blue collar workers.
C) management fraud because of management's ability to override existing internal controls.
D) management fraud because managers are inherently smarter than employees.
Answer: C
the audit

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7) If the auditor were responsible for making certain that all the assertions of management in
the statements were correct,
A) bankruptcies could no longer occur.
B) bankruptcies would be reduced to a very small number.
C) audits would be much easier to complete.
D) audits would not be economically practical.
Answer: D
the audit
8) When comparing the auditor's responsibility for detecting employee fraud and for detecting
errors, the profession has placed the responsibility
A) more on discovering errors than employee fraud.
B) more on discovering employee fraud than errors.
C) equally on discovering either one.
D) on the senior auditor for detecting errors and on the manager for detecting employee fraud.
Answer: A
the audit
9) Auditing standards regarding the detection of illegal acts clearly state that the auditor
provides
A) no assurance that they will be detected.
B) the same reasonable assurance provided for other items.
C) assurance that they will be detected, if material.
D) assurance that they will be detected, if highly material.
Answer: A
the audit
10) Which of the following is an example of a direct-effect illegal act that could be performed
by a client? Violation of
A) environmental protection laws for the production facility.
B) insider securities trading regulations by senior management.
C) employment equity laws for a large group of non-unionized employees.
D) income tax laws and incorrect calculation of income taxes payable.
Answer: D
the audit

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11) What is one of the first things that an auditor would do upon discovering an illegal act at an
audit client?
A) resign from the audit
B) inform the Board of Directors
C) consult with a lawyer
D) call the police
Answer: C
the audit
12) Your PA firm has been auditing Ontario Pulp Company for three years. Two years ago, a
letter was received from the provincial government informing them that they needed to reduce
the level of contaminants that they were releasing into the air and into local waterways. The
deadline for this reduction is three months from today. The letter indicates significant fines
(several hundred thousand dollars) if the targets are not met. Alternatively, the Company will
need to shut down operations until the targets are met. During your audit planning process,
management informed you that they have not taken any action but plan to start construction of
the new pollution devices next month.
Required:
Explain the impact the above situation has upon your audit planning process.
Answer:
• The above situation seems to indicate that management does not take the letter from the
provincial government seriously.
• This could affect the ability of the company to continue as a going concern, and as a minimum
would require disclosure in the financial statements, possibly with a qualification.
• The audit planning process would need to include gathering knowledge about other
companies in this sector—have they also received such letters and have they complied? Have
there been charges laid by the provinces where compliance did not occur? The answers to these
questions will help assess the potential impact upon the client.
• The auditor should also look at any proposals that the company has received about
implementing the anti-pollution equipment to see how quickly it can be implemented.
• The negative attitude about the anti-pollution equipment may also apply to other areas of the
business.
• The auditor will need to assess the quality of corporate governance and of management
integrity and assess the effect upon the engagement. Why has management really decided to
wait so long?
Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 99-104
the audit

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13) The controller who had been with Bianca Limited for six years was fired last month,
allegedly for pocketing cash. Unfortunately, there was a fire in the accounting department the
week before he was fired, which destroyed the accounting records, including the computer
equipment and current backup disks. The only records available for the current year is a copy of
the computer system that is a month old. There are also disks for the year-ends going back three
years. These were at the president's home, the place where the company kept archival records.
Required:
Explain how this situation might affect the audit process.
Answer:
• The absence of records will make it difficult to complete the audit; management actions with
respect to reconstructing the one month of lost records will need to be assessed and the
potential for material error considered.
• If records cannot be obtained from alternative sources (e.g. customers, suppliers, and financial
institutions) then a qualified audit report may be required.
• Due to the possible management fraud, it will be necessary to conduct extensive additional
testing; it may not be possible to quantify the amount of the fraud (if any).
• It will be necessary to look at the quality of internal controls—if this fraud was possible, then
other errors and irregularities could also have occurred at the business.
• It will not be possible to conduct tests of internal controls or tests of details of balances if
there are no records.
the audit

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5.5 Classify transactions and account balances into financial statement cycles and identify the
benefits of a cycle approach to segmenting the audit
1) Marianne is currently performing tests of controls on the presence of an employee code of

conduct, the presence of a whistle blower line, and on how management responded to
complaints and implemented systematic penalties for instances where violations of the code of
conduct existed. Marianne is currently evaluating the
A) industry and business environment.
B) risk of fraud.
C) client acceptance.
D) entity-level controls.
Answer: D
Learning Obj.: 5-5 Classify transactions and account balances into financial statement cycles
and identify the benefits of a cycle approach to segmenting the audit
2) Transaction cycles begin and end at

A) the beginning and end of the fiscal period.
B) the balance sheet date.
C) January 1 and December 31.
D) the origin and final disposition of the company.
Answer: D
3) For the most part, auditors treat each transaction cycle
A) separately as the audit is being performed.
B) as an interrelated unit with the other cycles throughout the entire audit.
C) as a separate business unit with different audit teams.
D) as a joint venture with other clients in the same industry.
Answer: A
4) Often, numerous classes of transactions affect the ending balance of a particular general
ledger account. This is handled during the audit engagement by
A) ensuring that tests are conducted for each class of transactions.
B) obtaining a high level of assurance for at least one of the transaction types.
C) using a combination of assurance for each class of transactions and for the ending balance.
D) testing only the ending balance, as this is the significant amount on the financial statements.
Answer: C

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5.6 Explain why the auditor obtains a combination of assurance by auditing classes of
transactions and ending balances in accounts, including presentation and disclosure
1) Which of the following statements is true regarding a difference between general audit
objectives and specific audit objectives for an account balance?
A) The general audit objectives are applicable to every account balance on the financial
statements.
B) The specific audit objectives are applicable to every account balance on the financial
statements.
C) For any given account, usually only one audit objective must be met to conclude the
transactions are properly accounted.
D) The general audit objectives are stated in terms tailored to the engagement.
Answer: A
Learning Obj.: 5-6 Explain why the auditor obtains a combination of assurance by auditing
classes of transactions and ending balances in accounts, including presentation and disclosure
5.7 Distinguish among the three categories of management assertions about financial
information
1) Management assertions are

A) stated in the footnotes to the financial statements.
B) implied or expressed representations about the accounts in the financial statements.
C) explicitly expressed representations about the financial statements.
D) provided to the auditor in the engagement letter, but are not disclosed on the financial
statements.
Answer: B
Learning Obj.: 5-7 Distinguish among the three categories of management assertions about
financial information
2) Management assertions are

A) directly related to auditing standards.
B) directly related to accounting standards.
C) indirectly related to auditing standards.
D) indirectly related to accounting standards.
Answer: B

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3) Frank has come to you because he is worried about recovering the cost of his share of a law
firm partnership. His partner, Jennifer, is exercising the "shotgun" clause in their partnership
agreement and wants to buy him out. Over the last two years, Frank and Jennifer have had
numerous battles over the way that Frank handles his accounts receivable. Frank is lenient with
his customers and has converted many of his accounts into long-term notes extending two and
three years into the future. He is confident that these amounts are collectible because every one
of his clients continues to make small monthly payments.
Frank thinks that Jennifer may have been hiding profits from him and collecting some of
her accounts in cash. He wants you to audit the books so that he can figure out what the "true"
profits are and how much Jennifer should pay him for his share of the partnership.
Required:
A) Explain to Frank what you would be able to do during the audit engagement.
B) List the management assertions that may have been violated. Justify your answer.
Answer:
A)
• The purpose of an audit is to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are
free of material error or fraud.
• The financial statements may not be 100% accurate.
• Since management fraud is difficult to detect, it would be impossible for you to quantify the
amount of money that Jennifer has taken, if any.
• Frank might not be happy with the audit results because one of the things that you would have
to do would be to assess the collectability of the accounts receivable.
B)
Existence: Some accounts receivable may not be recorded if Jennifer took funds.
Completeness: Some sales may not have been recorded if Jennifer took the funds.
Valuation: Accounts receivable may be overvalued for Frank's receivables if they are not
collectible.
Classification: If some receivables are long term rather than current, they may be incorrectly
recorded as current in the financial statements.
Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: A99-104 B110-111

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4) Your PA firm audits the Barney Bloke Parts company, which manufactures plastic bumpers
and other automobile parts in eight factories scattered across southern Ontario. The company
has a December year end. It is now November 15.
The planning file indicates that internal controls in the accounts receivable area are poor, as
there has been significant employee turnover. A review of the prior year's working paper file
indicates that there was a poor response to the accounts receivable and accounts payable
confirmation requests. There were several errors in inventory pricing and problems with
obsolescence.
Required:
List the financial statement cycles that need to be tested. For each cycle, identify at least one
transaction that needs to be examined. For that transaction, identify a management assertion
that may have a high risk of error associated with it and explain why you believe the risk of
error is high.
Ans
wer
:
Transaction Management Assertion at Risk
Financial Statement Cycle to Be Tested with Reason
Cutoff: new employees may record
the transaction in the wrong period
Sales and collection Cash receipts or on the wrong date
Classification: new employees may
Cash post transactions to the wrong
Acquisition and payment disbursement account
Payroll Accuracy: employees could be paid
Human resources and payroll disbursement the wrong wage rate
Accuracy: inventory issued might be
Inventory recorded at the wrong cost or wrong
Inventory and distribution issuance sales price
Cutoff: payments may be recorded in
Capital acquisition and the wrong period or on the wrong
repayment Note payment date
Note: Students may select other transactions that are at high risk. The above is a representative
response.

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5.8 Link management assertions with audit objectives
1) Frankinfurter Limited decided that it wanted to improve earnings. To do this, it understated

its expenses by omitting unpaid expenses from the accrued liabilities account at year end.
Which management assertion has been violated?
A) existence
B) disclosure
C) rights and obligations
D) completeness
Answer: D
Learning Obj.: 5-8 Link management assertions with audit objectives
2) XYZ Brick Company decided to inflate sales by recording fictitious sales. Several non-
existent clients were created and the sales were added into the sales journal throughout the year.
The general transaction-related audit objective affected by these actions is
A) occurrence.
B) completeness.
C) accuracy.
D) posting and summarization.
Answer: A
3) Georgina was working as the part-time accountant for three small businesses. Whenever she
could, she pocketed cash and neglected to record the sale in the sales system. The general
transaction-related audit objective affected by her actions is
A) occurrence.
B) completeness.
C) accuracy.
Answer: B
4) Flagpole Company Limited recently upgraded its accounting software due to changes in the
payroll income tax rates. Unfortunately, there was an error in the software, and income tax was
calculated incorrectly. The general transaction-related audit objective affected by this error is
A) occurrence.
B) completeness.
C) accuracy.
Answer: C

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5) Big Bank had a program failure occur on Sunday night due to a maintenance program error.
Transaction posting was interrupted, with several errors occurring in posting to the master files.
Although sales had been posted to the general ledger, individual accounts were not recorded
until subsequent days. The general transaction-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) timing.
B) accuracy.
C) occurrence.
D) classification.
Answer: B
6) When considering each material type (or class) of transaction during the audit, which general
transaction-related audit objectives are assessed during the audit?
A) those transaction-related audit objectives where there is the highest risk of error
B) all five transaction-related audit objectives
C) those transaction-related audit objectives where there are poor internal controls
D) primarily completeness, occurrence, and accuracy, since they typically have most errors
Answer: B
7) What is the auditor's role in the detection of computer fraud?

A) use computer-assisted audit techniques to make sure that the computer programs do not have
any unauthorized processing
B) use test data to make sure that the computer programs are functioning as described by the
client
C) investigate unusual relationships or patterns, conduct the audit properly, and report to
management
D) only detect fraud if it has been ongoing for a long period of time and leaves many different
types of evidence
Answer: C
8) Gabori Company would like to pay less income tax this year. It decided that it could do this
by understating its inventory values, increasing costs of goods sold. This was done by
deliberately pricing the inventory at incorrect amounts, so that it would be shown at a lower
value than it was really worth (for example, items worth five dollars each were shown at fifty
cents each). Which management assertion has been violated?
A) valuation
B) accuracy
C) statement presentation
D) completeness
Answer: B

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9) In testing for cutoff, the objective is to determine

A) whether all of the current period's transactions are recorded.
B) that no transactions from the prior period are included in the current period's balances.
C) that no transactions of the current period have been delayed and recorded in a future period.
D) whether transactions are recorded in the proper period.
Answer: D
10) If the purchase of a long-term note receivable is included as cost of goods sold, there is a
violation of the
A) existence objective.
B) completeness objective.
C) classification objective.
D) timing objective.
Answer: C
11) Heavy Manufacturing Company is in the business of making steel plates, forming heavy
metal slabs, and drilling and scoring metals. The company recently upgraded many of its
forming machines. Fortunately, it was able to sell its old equipment at a reasonable price. The
effect was that sales for the quarter are substantially improved over the same period in the prior
year. The general transaction-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) timing.
B) accuracy.
C) occurrence.
D) classification.
Answer: D
12) Balance-related audit objectives are applied to which types of general ledger accounts?
A) balance sheet accounts only
B) income statement accounts only
C) balance sheet accounts and some income statement accounts
D) accounts that affect the cash flow statement
Answer: C

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13) Heavy Manufacturing Company is in the business of making steel plates, forming heavy
metal slabs, and drilling and scoring metals. The company recently upgraded many of its
forming machines. Five machines were purchased on four different invoices. Unfortunately,
one of the invoices was recorded twice, resulting in five invoices being recorded. The general
balance-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) completeness.
B) accuracy.
C) classification.
D) existence.
Answer: D
14) Camilla is preparing the audit program for the inventory of Summers, a large department
store. Camilla listed "select a sample of invoices from suppliers to verify that the risks and
rewards of the inventory were transferred to Summers." Camilla is concerned that some of the
inventory in the store might be on consignment. The account-balance-related objective that
Camilla is concerned about is
A) rights and obligation (ownership).
B) accuracy.
C) valuation.
D) existence.
Answer: A
15) The sole shareholder of Jade Company had a contractor pave the parking lot at the company
building as well as the driveway of his home. Both paving jobs were billed to the company on a
single invoice. The general balance-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) existence.
B) allocation.
C) completeness.
D) rights and obligation.
Answer: D

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16) The Big Insurance Company implemented a new computer system to track and record
insurance premiums receivable. The program automatically prints invoices and sends them to
customers when premiums are due. Due to a program error, a whole series of invoices were
included in sales but not in accounts receivable. The general balance-related audit objective
affected by this activity is
A) completeness.
B) accuracy.
C) classification.
D) existence.
Answer: A
17) Radio Supplies Limited sells parts and components to organizations that repair radios and
other forms of audio equipment. It has many parts on its inventory listing at cost that were
purchased up to fifteen years ago. Some of these parts have not seen any movement in the last
ten years. The general balance-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) completeness.
B) accuracy.
C) valuation.
D) existence.
Answer: C
18) To help improve the cash balance on the financial statements, the controller recorded
several deposits from early January in the month of December. The general balance-related
audit objective affected by this activity is
A) allocation timing.
B) accuracy.
C) classification.
D) existence.
Answer: A
19) Jane's employer purchased a new calculator this month. When Jane added up the sales for
the day, she was a bit confused with the new calculator and made numerous adding errors. The
daily sales total for the next week were incorrectly posted to the general ledger. The general
balance-related audit objective affected by this activity is
A) cutoff.
B) accuracy (of allocation).
C) classification.
D) existence.
Answer: B

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20) Formamould Inc. sells plastic moulds to a variety of companies. Some moulds are custom
made and cost thousands of dollars. To help customers finance these purchases, Formamould
uses a variety of methods, such as payment terms stretched over three years, delayed payment,
and pay-as-you-produce models tailored to individual customer needs. The outstanding balance
is included in current accounts receivable. The general balance-related audit objective affected
by this activity is
A) completeness.
B) accuracy.
C) allocation to accounts.
D) existence.
Answer: C

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21) The following table lists common audit objectives for accounts payable or purchases. For
each procedure, list the management assertion and the related general audit objective. State
whether the audit objective is transaction-related or balance-related.
Transacti
on- Balance-
Accounts Payable or Management Audit Related? Related?
Purchases Objectives Assertion Objective (Y/N) (Y/N)
1. Accounts payable in the
accounts payable trial
balance are for valid
purchases.
2. Recorded acquisitions are
for goods and services
received, consistent with the
best interests of the client.
3. All acquisition transactions
are recorded.
4. Recorded acquisition
transactions are recorded at
the correct amount.
5. Acquisition transactions
are correctly allocated
between current and long-
term.
are recorded on the correct
dates.
7. Purchase transactions are
properly included in the
vendor and inventory master
files, and are correctly posted
to the general ledger.
8. The accounts payable
recorded in liabilities are
obligations of the company.

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Ans
wer
:
Transacti
on- Balance-
Accounts Payable or Management Audit Related? Related?
Purchases Objectives Assertion Objective (Y/N) (Y/N)
1. Accounts payable in the
accounts payable trial
balance are for valid
purchases. Existence Existence Y
2. Recorded acquisitions are
for goods and services
received, consistent with the
best interests of the client. Occurrence Occurrence Y
3. All acquisition transactions
are recorded. Completeness Completeness Y
4. Recorded acquisition
transactions are recorded at
the correct amount. Accuracy Accuracy Y
are correctly allocated
between current and long-
term. Classification Classification Y
are recorded on the correct
dates. Cutoff Cutoff Y
7. Purchase transactions are
properly included in the
vendor and inventory master
files, and are correctly posted
to the general ledger. Classification Classification Y
8. The accounts payable
recorded in liabilities are Rights and Rights and
obligations of the company. obligations obligations Y

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22) Bratlett Company has purchased all of the shares of another company but does not want to
consolidate its financial statements. Management has drafted a rather long and confusing note
to the financial statements that describes the transaction and states that debt has been acquired
in a foreign currency. In your view, the transaction and its effect on the company and the
accounts have not been properly disclosed.
Required:
List the audit objectives about presentation and disclosure that have been affected and explain
how they are affected.
Answer: Rights and obligations: Assets and liabilities belonging to the consolidated entity,
such as the nature of the debt and assets of the new entity, will not be properly disclosed in the
financial statements.
Completeness: Disclosures about the debt and the consolidation are inadequate.
Accuracy: Account balances shown in the financial statements are inaccurate because they are
not consolidated.
Valuation: Accounts such as goodwill may be inaccurately valued.
Classification: Amounts are shown in the incorrect accounts since they are not consolidated.
Understandability: The economic events that have taken place (the purchase, the financing, and
the combined results of operations) are not fully disclosed in an understandable way.
5.9 Explain the relationship between audit objectives and the accumulation of audit evidence
1) The reason auditors accumulate evidence is to

A) defend themselves in the event of a lawsuit.
B) justify the conclusions they have otherwise reached.
C) satisfy the requirements of the relevant provincial securities regulations.
D) enable them to reach conclusions about the fairness of the financial statements and issue an
appropriate audit report.
Answer: D
Learning Obj.: 5-9 Explain the relationship between audit objectives and the accumulation of
audit evidence
5.10 Describe and discuss the eight phases of the audit process
1) The audit process has three categories of audit phases: risk assessment, risk response, and
reporting. Which of the following are part of the risk assessment process?
A) preplanning, design further audit procedures, tests of control
B) client risk profile, plan the audit, design further audit procedures
C) client acceptance, understand the entity, plan the audit
D) preplanning, plan the audit, design further audit procedures
Answer: C
Learning Obj.: 5-10 Describe and discuss the eight phases of the audit process

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2) There are three phases in the risk response category of the audit process (design further audit
procedures, tests of control, substantive tests). When will the auditor conduct tests of controls?
A) when there are poor internal controls
B) if the auditor plans to rely upon them
C) when a substantive audit approach is selected
D) when there are low risks of material error
Answer: B
3) At what point during the audit should the auditor conduct an independence threat analysis?
A) after the audit evidence assessment and collection process
B) prior to the acceptance of the engagement
C) after gathering sufficient knowledge of the client's business
D) prior to signing the audit report
Answer: B
4) Your PA firm has just obtained a new client and you have been assigned the task of preparing
the knowledge of business section of the file. Which of the following best describes the process
of gathering the knowledge of business for a client?
A) discussing processes and business objectives with company employees
B) gathering information about the industry and regulatory environment
C) understanding the client's business, industry, and regulatory environment
D) examining the legal expenses file for possible regulatory infractions
Answer: C
5) The auditor's assessment relating to risk of material misstatement in financial statements is a

part of
A) the assessment of whether to accept the audit engagement.
B) understanding the entity and its environment.
C) the tests of controls.
D) the tests of transactions.
Answer: B

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6) The decision to continue doing the audit of an existing client is

A) as important as deciding whether or not to accept a new client.
B) less important than deciding whether or not to accept a new client.
C) more important than deciding whether or not to accept a new client.
D) only to be reconsidered if the client's operations or upper management has changed.
Answer: A
7) Analytical procedures are those that

A) evaluate the accuracy of the account balances.
B) assess the overall reasonableness of account balances or other data.
C) review the effectiveness of internal controls.
D) analyze the effect of management procedures on the accounting system.
Answer: B
8) Where the auditor has decided to rely upon internal controls, he or she will then
A) eliminate the need to gather evidence in that area.
B) test the effectiveness of the controls in that area.
C) proceed to expand the sample sizes in that area.
D) negotiate with management to determine which controls will be tested in that area.
Answer: B
9) Tests of details of balances are specific procedures intended to

A) identify the details of internal controls.
B) prove that the accounts with material balances are classified correctly.
C) test for monetary errors in the financial statements.
D) prove that the trial balance is in balance.
Answer: C
10) After the auditor has completed all the procedures, it is necessary to combine the
information obtained to reach an overall conclusion as to whether the financial statements are
fairly presented. This is a highly subjective process that relies heavily on
A) generally accepted auditing standards.
B) the provincial institutes' Rules of Professional Conduct.
C) generally accepted accounting principles.
D) the auditor's professional judgment.
Answer: D

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11) A financial statement audit typically consists of three sections. Identify the three sections
and discuss the major activities performed by the auditor in each section.
Answer:
1. Risk Assessment. In this section, the auditor obtains an understanding of the client's business
and industry. In addition, the auditor obtains an understanding of the client's internal control
structure and makes a preliminary assessment of control risk. The planning takes place in this
phase by developing a strategic audit approach overall and by cycle.
2. Risk Response. In this section, the auditor develops audit programs and tests internal
controls. The auditor also performs substantive tests and assesses the impact upon the risk of
material misstatements. The results of the tests are evaluated and risk is reassessed if required.
Final evidence and documentation is gathered.
3. Reporting. In this section, the auditor communicates with the audit committee and
management as required. A final quality control review is also performed before the report is
issued.
12) Sean Clem has done a review engagement and prepared the tax return for your web design
business for the last five years. The books and records have always been well organized,
although year-end adjusting entries have been required. You do some of the accounting yourself
and the rest of the accounting records are handled by your spouse, who is also an employee of
the business.
This year, you would like to expand your business to provide ISP (internet service provider)
services to your clients. This would entail you purchasing additional computer equipment and
software. You are also considering hiring an additional employee (you currently have three),
and you are looking at obtaining a loan for $100 000 from the bank. The bank says that you
should have your records audited, but you are not sure what this will mean.
Required:
Identify the issues that Sean needs to consider during the planning of the audit.
Answer:
• This is a first audit engagement, so additional time will be needed to develop a client risk
profile and document knowledge of business and knowledge of the industry.
• There is a need to conduct an independence threat analysis.
• Since the bank will be requiring the audit to possibly review the collectability of the loan,
this increases the risk of the engagement.
• Internal controls will be poor since records are kept by a married couple.
• Risks of management override or management deception are high because of the incentive
to obtain the bank loan.
• Any bank covenants imposed on the new loan and the ability of the client to meet them.

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13) You have been assigned as the in-charge-auditor for a new client, Beltair House. Beltair
House is a non-profit charitable organization that operates women's shelter. In the past, the
organization had been almost fully funded by the provincial government. However, due to
recent government budget cuts, Beltair now has to raise operating funds from public donations.
Because of financial constraints, there is now only one full-time manager, Joan Ng. Joan has
the help of several volunteers. The shelter residents also help out with the chores and with
maintenance and cleaning. Ng has been able to arrange for a local food bank to provide a large
portion of the food required for meals. Door-to-door canvassers have been able to raise money
to keep the House going, but Ng is concerned that this will change.
Required:
Identify issues that affect the risk of this audit engagement that you will need to consider.
Answer: Factors impacting risk include:
• a first-time audit engagement (increases inherent risk)
• the reduction in government funding, affecting the going concern of the House
• numerous financial statement users (e.g. government, donors)
• cash collected by volunteers is subject to theft (receipts may not be issued for all donations
—this may result in a need to qualify the audit report)
• a lack of segregation of duties (there is only one employee)
• there may be inexperienced people recording accounting transactions, leading to the
potential for more errors (especially if accounting transactions are recorded by volunteers)
• since the food bank is providing a large portion of the food, this donation may need to be
recorded at fair market value (need to determine how it is being recorded and whether there are
any additional services that need to be recorded)
• the lack of volunteers will hinder the canvassing to raise money and will limit the amount of
other work getting done (which threatens the viability and continuity of the charity).

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14) Pet Shop Ltd. is a large retail outlet with ten full-time employees in addition to the owner.
You dropped by on your way home one day to organize the audit planning process for the
coming year and noticed brand new terminals at the cashier's desk. One of the employees was
having fun zapping inventory items. The owner teased him about the new laser scanning
devices and told him to get to work to see which items needed to be ordered. It turns out that
Pet Shop Ltd. has implemented a new point-of-sale computer system that is integrated with
inventory. The last time you were there to buy dog food (about three months ago), the store had
old computer terminals that were no longer functional and staff were recording sales
transactions manually in the sales journal.
Required:
List the three sections of the audit. For each section, explain how these new computer systems
might affect the audit process.
Answer:
Risk assessment:
• The auditor will need to gather information about how internal controls have changed with
the use of the new computer system.
• Since there are two different systems of internal control, the audit will need to consider both
systems during the risk assessment, planning and execution phases.
• Depending upon the nature of the information that was stored in the old systems, the auditor
may need to conduct a conversion audit.
Risk response:
• The controls will be different, so the auditor will need to design different tests of controls for
each of the two systems. The audit programs will need to be updated.
• The system conversion will also have to be tested to ensure that data integrity was not
compromised.
• Particular attention should also be given to the inventory and sales account. It is possible that
the employee playing with the new system recorded false sales and also recorded false
decreases in inventory.
• Analytical procedures will need to take account of the fact that there may be a large shift in
amounts in the accounts (for example, there may be capital expenditures for the computer
equipment and software; inventory amounts may be lower if inventory management has
improved with the new system).
Reporting:
• The audit report will be prepared and total evidence gathered in the risk response section
will be analyzed to determine if there is a material misstatement. An audit opinion will be
formed based on the results and the audit report can be issued.

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-1

Chapter 5 Audit Responsibilities and Objectives

5.1 Explain the objective of conducting an audit of financial statements

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B) Since management is responsible for maintaining internal control, it is management's

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-4

1) Prior to looking at the specific cycles, the auditor will first

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-5

4) The factor that distinguishes an error from fraud or other irregularities is

5) Which of the following is an example of fraudulent financial reporting (management fraud)?

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-6

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-7

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-8

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-9

1) Marianne is currently performing tests of controls on the presence of an employee code of

2) Transaction cycles begin and end at

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-10

1) Management assertions are

2) Management assertions are

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-11

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-12

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-13

5.8 Link management assertions with audit objectives

1) Frankinfurter Limited decided that it wanted to improve earnings. To do this, it understated

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-14

7) What is the auditor's role in the detection of computer fraud?

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Test Item File for Arens, Auditing, 13CE 5-15

9) In testing for cutoff, the objective is to determine

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