Subject: Right to maintenance

Muslim personal law was

Challenged in this petition. The

Supreme Court ruled in favour of

Shah Bano and granted her

Alimony which the Muslim

Community felt as an

Encroachment on Muslim Sharia

Law. The decision of the case led

To the formation of the All India

Muslim Personal Law Board in

1973.

4. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, 1985

Subject: Right to Life

This case came before the

Supreme Court as a writ petition.

5 judge-bench gave decision allowing petitioners who live on

Pavements and in slums in the

City of Bombay to stay on the pavements against their order of eviction. The court also held that

Right to livelihood is a right to life as per Article 21.

The apex court in the following

Case held brain mapping, lie

Detector tests and narco analysis

As unconstitutional and violative

Article 20 (3) of Fundamental

Rights. It observed that these

Techniques cannot be conducted

Forcefully on any individual and

Requires consent for the same.

When they are conducted with

Consent, the material so obtained

Is regarded as evidence during

Trial of cases according to Section

27 of the Evidence Act.

9. NALSA v. Union of India,

2014

Subject: Rights of transgender

The Court recognized rights of

The transgender as third genders.

Also, ordered government to

Treat them as minorities.

Reservations in jobs, education

And other amenities shall also be

Provided to them.