In java or any other programming languages, data types represents that which type of

values can be stored and what will be the size of that value or how much memory will
be allocated. There are nearest eight different data types in java like byte, short, int,
long, float, double, char, Boolean. byte and short datatypes are not much more useful
in selenium webdriver so I am skipping them here to decrease your confusions.

int datatype
int data type is useful to store 32 bit integer (Example : 4523) values only. We can not
store decimal (Example 452.23) values in int data type.
Example : 

int i = 4523;

long datatype
long datatype is useful to store 64 bit integer(Example : 652345) values. You can use
it when your value is more larger and can not hold it in int. Same as int datatype, we
can not store decimal (Example 452.23) values in long datatype
Example : 

long l = 652345;

double datatype

double datatype is useful to store 64 bit decimal(Example : 56.2354) values. We can

store integer (Example 12456) values too in double datatype.
Example : 

double d1 = 56.2354;
double d2 = 12456;

char datatype

char datatype is useful to store single character(Example : 'd'). It can not store more
than one (Example 'dd') character in it.
Example : 
char c = 'd';
boolean datatype
boolean datatype is useful to store only boolean(Example : true) values.
Example : 

boolean b = true;

String Class
String is not a data type but it is a class which is useful to store string in variable.
Example :

String str = "Hello World";

VIEW DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF STRING CLASS

Created bellow given example for all these datatypes. Run it in your eclipse and
verify results.

public class datatypes {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int i = 4523; //Can store 32 bit integer values only.
long l = 652345; //Can store 64 bit integer values only.
double d1 = 56.2354; //Can store 64 bit decimal values.
double d2 = 12456; //We can use it for integer values too.
char c = 'd'; //Can store single character only.
boolean t = true; //Can store only boolean values like true or false.
String str = "Hello World"; //Can store any string values.

System.out.println("Integer Var Is --> "+i);

System.out.println("Long Var Is --> "+l);
System.out.println("double Var d1 Is --> "+d1);
System.out.println("double Var d2 Is --> "+d2);
System.out.println("char Var c Is --> "+c);
System.out.println("boolean Var b Is --> "+t);
System.out.println("boolean Var str Is --> "+str);
}
}