Grammar • Past perfect • Gerunds and infinitives

Vocabulary • Relationships • Feelings • Noun suffixes -ness, -ship, -m

8 G o o d friends Speaking
Writing
• Reporting a past event
• A personal description

Relationships

1 Look at the pictures. Read the story and match

the pictures w i t h an appropriate phrase (a-k).

I've got an older brother called Dylan. Last July he

went to a party and (a) met a girl called Sophie. He
really (b) liked her and he started to (c) chat to her.
They (d) got on really well with each other and at
the end of the party Dylan (e) asked her out. She
said yes and soon she was (f) going out with him.
They (g) fell in love and it was really serious. But
then one weekend they (h) had a big argument and
Sophie (i) split up with my brother. Dylan felt terrible
and stayed in all the time. One night I took him
to a party. I knew Sophie was going to be there.
When they saw each other they started chatting
again and by the end of the party they'd decided
to (j) get back together again. They're going to
(k) get married next July!

1 h 2 3 4 5

2 Match the words in the story in 1 w i t h their

definitions.
1 to start to love somebody^
W o u l d yon.
2 to make somebody your husband or wife
3 to have a good relationship with somebody Lutee t o go,

4 to end a relationship with somebody to the

5 to know somebody for the first time clv^iwca

6 to start a relationship with somebody again w i t h wee okv

7 to talk in a friendly way Saturday?
8 to ask somebody to go somewhere with you
9 to have an angry disagreement with somebody
10 to have a romantic relationship with somebody

3 Complete these sentences w i t h up, with, to or Feelings

out if necessary.
б Write these words in t w o columns (nouns and adjectives) in your
1 John got on well Kate. notebook.
2 Kate asked John
3 John met Kate at university. afraid anger angry bored boredom
4 John got married Kate. excited excitement fear happiness happy

5 Kate chatted John. loneliness lonely sad sadness

6 John and Kate never split

7 John and Kate went with each other 7 LISTENING @ 2 . 2 0 Listen. Write d o w n the feeling expressed
for two years. by each speaker.
8 John and Kate fell in love 1 3 5
2 4
4 ф 2.19 Listen, check and repeat.
8 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Ask and answer questions about the
5a SPEAKING Look at the sentences in 3 again. feelings in 6.
What do you think is the logical order? Make a
note of your answers. When do you feel bored?

5 b Work w i t h a partner. Take it in turns to tell the

When I'm waiting for my friends.
story of Kate and John.

Unit 8
Reading

Zhu Ying Tai was a b e a u t i f u l , y o u n g each o t h e r a n y m o r e . Z h u h a d Their happiness d i d n o t last for l o n g .

girl w h o l i v e d i n a n c i e n t C h i n a .
Zhu really w a n t e d t o study. B u t
tradition said t h a t o n l y b o y s c o u l d
go to s c h o o l . Girls stayed at h o m e
and t h e n g o t m a r r i e d . B u t Z h u was
intelligent a n d d e t e r m i n e d . She
dressed as a b o y a n d w e n t t o t h e
city of H a n g z h o u t o j o i n a s c h o o l
there.
W h e n she was t h e r e , she m e t a
boy called L i a n g Shan Bo. T h e y
got o n w e l l w i t h each o t h e r a n d
became great f r i e n d s . L i a n g h a d
no idea t h a t Z h u was r e a l l y a g i r l .
But Z h u s o o n realised t h a t she h a d
fallen i n l o v e w i t h L i a n g .
The years passed. W h e n Z h u a n d
Liang h a d f i n i s h e d t h e i r studies,
they h a t e d t h e idea o f n o t seeing
a n idea. L i a n g s h o u l d v i s i t h e r
f a m i l y a n d meet her younger
sister. M a y b e h e c o u l d m a r r y her.
B u t Z h u was r e a l l y t a l k i n g a b o u t
herself. T h e r e was n o y o u n g e r
sister. L i a n g , s t i l l n o t r e a l i s i n g
t h a t Z h u was a g i r l , t h o u g h t t h a t
t h i s was a great idea.
L i a n g i m m e d i a t e l y g o t a j o b so
t h a t he c o u l d m a r r y Z h u ' s 'sister'.
A year later, w h e n h e h a d m a d e
e n o u g h money, he w e n t t o Zhu's
h o u s e t o speak t o h e r father.
W h e n he g o t t h e r e , h e m e t Z h u
a g a i n . Finally, h e realised t h a t
Z h u was a g i r l a n d h e h a d b e e n i n
l o v e w i t h h e r a l l a l o n g . T h e y were
so e x c i t e d a n d h a p p y t o be b a c k
together again.
Zhu's father was angry. He t o l d t h e m
t h a t he h a d already promised t o m a r r y
Z h u t o a w e a l t h y businessman. The
news broke Liang's heart. Lonely a n d
sad, Liang left Zhu's h o m e . But o n the
journey, he became i l l a n d died.
N o w Z h u was b r o k e n - h e a r t e d .
She was o n h e r w a y t o get m a r r i e d
w h e n she passed Liang's grave.
S u d d e n l y , t h e r e was a t e r r i b l e s t o r m .
Z h u j u m p e d d o w n o n t o t h e grave.
L i g h t n i n g h i t it and it opened. Z h u
j u m p e d i n . She w a n t e d t o be w i t h
Liang. The next m i n u t e , the storm
stopped. T w o beautiful butterflies
f l e w o u t o f t h e grave a n d d a n c e d
h a p p i l y together. Z h u a n d Liang h a d
become butterflies. N o t h i n g could
separate t h e m n o w .

Read this love story. Do you think the ending of
the story is happy or sad?
• STUDY SKILLS
To do the next exercise, you will need to read the
text in a different way from exercise 1. How and
why? STUDY SKILLS • p a g e 148
Put these events in the story in the correct
order.
1 Liang realised Zhu was a girl.
2 Zhu's father told Liang that he couldn't
marry his daughter.
3 Zhu began a journey to get married.
4 Zhu and Liang finished their studies.
5 Liang died because he was so sad and
lonely.
6 Zhu went to school, dressed as a boy.
7 Zhu and Liang became friends.
8 Zhu and Liang became the'butterfly
lovers'.
9 Liang started work.
10 Liang went to Zhu's house.
Read the story again and answer the questions.
1 Why wasn't it easy for Zhu to study at school?
2 What was the relationship between Zhu and Liang at school?
3 What was Zhu's plan so that Zhu and Liang could continue to see each other?
4 Why didn't Liang see Zhu for one year?
1 5 Why was Liang's reunion happy but then sad?
6 Where was Zhu going when she passed Liang's grave?
7 What happened when the storm began?
8 What happened when the storm ended?
4 Match the underlined words in the story w i t h their definitions.
1 rich
2 began to understand
3 from the start
4 not letting anything stop you from doing what you want to do
5 extremely sad
/
6 place where a dead body is put in a hole in the ground
7 bright flashes of light in the sky when there is a storm
5 What about you?
1 What do you think about this story?
2 Do you know any other love stories similar to this one?

Unit 8
• Grammar In context
Complete these sentences in a logical way using the past
G R A M M A R GUIDE
perfect.
Past perfect I was lonely because everybody had left
I was feeling ill because
l a Look at these sentences. Which actions happened
They were very happy because
first, the green or the red?
1 Zhu and Liang had finished their studies before Liang She was bored because
visited Zhu's family. We were angry because
2 Zhu's father had promised to marry Zhu to a He was feeling sad because
businessman so Liang left Zhu's home, broken­
Yesterday I was excited because
hearted.

1 b Choose the correct alternative.

We use the past perfect to talk about an activity in the past 6 Complete the text w i t h the past perfect.
which happened before/after another activity in the past.

1c Complete the rule.

To make the past perfect, we use the past of
+ the

GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 106 J

2a RONUNCIATION The contracted f o r m of had is'd. Look

at these sentences. Some of t h e m should be in the past
perfect. A d d ' d to these sentences.
1 She fallen in love.
2 He went to live in another town.
3 They seen each other.
4 I gone out.
5 We always known each other.
6 He took her flowers.

2 b @ 2.21 Listen and check your answers.

2c ф 2 . 2 2 Listen again and repeat the sentences w i t h ' d .

3 Match the sentences.

1 The film ended. , a They went out of the canteen.

2 She finished the shopping. b They left the cinema.

3 They finished their lunch. с I got into bed.

4 He got out of the pool. d I opened the door.

5 We finished the exam. e She carried the shopping home.

6 I put my pyjamas on. f We gave it to the teacher. Before Ryan left school, he (a) (fall) in love with

Ellie, one of the girls in his class. They (b) (be)

7 I found my keys. g He dried himself with the towel.
good friends for the last three or four years. The second time Ryan

asked Ellie out she accepted. When he (c) (ask)

4 Rewrite the sentences in 3 as one sentence. Put one verb in
the past perfect and the other in the past simple. Use when her the first time, she (d) (be) too surprised to
or after.
accept! Five years later, they decided to get married. They had
1 When the film had ended they left the cinema. enough money because they (e) (finish) their

university studies and they (f) (find) good jobs.

3 They got married and were very happy together. When they

4 (g) (be) married for a few years they decided to

5 have children. They had a boy and a girl and called them Max and

6 Holly. They were the names of the best friends that Ryan and Ellie

7 (h) (have) at school.

Unit 8
 • Developing vocabulary

7a SPEAKING Work with a partner. Find out which of these things Noun suffixes -ness, -ship, -йот
your partner had done by the age of seven.
1 Look at these words. Which suffix, -ness, -ship,
1 begin to learn English
or -dom, can we add t o them? Does the spelling
2 learn to ski of any of the words change?
3 travel to a different country
4 learn to read bored free friend happy ill
5 swim in the sea lonely mad relation sad weak
6 start to ride a bike
bored — boredom
7 go on holiday without his/her parents
8 use a computer
2 \$ 2.23 Listen, check and repeat.

3 Complete the sentences using the noun form

of the appropriate w o r d in 1.
1 That's a crazy idea. It's !
2 is a question of giving and
taking, a question of being there for the other
person when they need you.
3 To beat the other team we need to find
their .There must be
something that they aren't very good at.
4 He loves the of being able to
do what he likes, when he likes.
5 What's the between Lucas and
Hannah? Are they family or friends?
6 Flu is a very common
7 The worst thing about being ill is
the You can't do anything or
go anywhere.
ГхГ A 8 Many people say that money doesn't buy
you

4 a SPEAKING Complete the questions w i t h the

correct noun suffix.
1 What is important for a good friend. ?
Had you begun to learn 2 What is your biggest weak ?
English by the age of seven? 3 How much free do you think you have?
4 What do you think is the secret of
Yes, I had. And you?
happ(y). ?

Yes, I had too. 5 How do you stop bore ?

6 Have you ever had a moment of mad. ?
7b Now tell the class about your partner.
4 b Think about your answers to these questions.
Make notes.
By the age of seven Bea had begun
to learn English but she hadn't learnt a good friendship — always telling the truth
to ski. She had used a computer
4c W o r k w i t h a partner. Ask a n d answer t h e
but she hadn't swum in the sea.
questions.

What is important for

a good friendship?

I think it's important

to always tell the
truth and be loyal.
 <

W h a t h a p p e n e d o n this d a y ... 1 0 t h
December?

1936: THE ABDICATION

OF KING EDWARD VIII
OF ENGLAND.
H O W D I D IT HAPPEN?

E d w a r d V I I I b e c a m e t h e K i n g o f E n g l a n d o n 2 0 J a n u a r y 1936.
,h

He was n o t m a r r i e d b u t he spent a lot o f time w i t h a w o m a n

c a l l e d M r s Wallis S i m p s o n . M r s S i m p s o n w a s a n A m e r i c a n w h o
h a d b e e n m a r r i e d t w i c e . She h a d d i v o r c e d h e r first h u s b a n d ,
b u t she w a s s t i l l m a r r i e d w h e n she a n d E d w a r d began t h e i r
relationship. N o w that E d w a r d was the King, people often saw
h i m w i t h M r s Simpson. I n the summer, they w e n t o n holiday
together i n the Mediterranean. Newspapers f r o m America and
continental Europe started t o w r i t e about the relationship.
B u t t h e B r i t i s h press w r o t e n o t h i n g because t h e y d i d n o t w a n t
a scandal. A t t h e end o f October M r s Simpson asked f o r a
d i v o r c e f r o m h e r s e c o n d h u s b a n d . T h e A m e r i c a n press said
t h a t E d w a r d a n d Wallis w e r e g o i n g t o g e t m a r r i e d s o o n . T h e
B r i t i s h g o v e r n m e n t w a s n o t happy. O n 1 6 N o v e m b e r , t h e K i n g
th

Cross-curricular - History
The King a n d Mrs S i m p s o n - A royal love story
1 Work w i t h a partner. Do you know anything
s p o k e t o h i s P r i m e M i n i s t e r , Stanley B a l d w i n . H e t o l d h i m t h a t
he w a s g o i n g t o m a r r y Wallis S i m p s o n . B a l d w i n t o l d t h e K i n g
t h a t t h e B r i t i s h p e o p l e w o u l d n o t a l l o w i t . T h e r e w e r e religious
r e a s o n s f o r t h i s , a n d also legal, m o r a l a n d p o l i t i c a l reasons. B u t
K i n g E d w a r d d i d n o t change h i s p l a n s t o m a r r y M r s Simpson.
The only thing that King E d w a r d could d o was t o stop being
t h e K i n g , t o a b d i c a t e . H e d i d t h i s o n 1 0 D e c e m b e r 1936. H e
th

about the t w o people in the photo? If you don't h a d b e e n K i n g f o r less t h a n a year.

know, make guesses based on the photo.
INSIDE INFORMATION
/ think he was the But I don't think
Edward became t h e Duke of Windsor. His younger brother became King
King of England. she's the Queen.
George VI of England. King George VI was t h e father of Queen Elizabeth II.
On У June 1937 Edward married Mrs Simpson. They lived mainly in France
for t h e rest of their lives. Edward died in 1972 a n d Mrs Simpson in 1986.
2 Read the text. Why was King Edward Vlll's story
unusual?
J
3 Find out what happened:
• WORD BOOSTER
on 20"' January 1936:
Edward VIII became the King of England- Match the words and definitions.

in October 1936 1 abdication (n.)/ generally

on 16 November 1936
th abdicate (v.) permit, let
on 10"' December 1936 2 press stop being the king or queen
on 3 June 1937
,d
3 allow newspapers and news
in 1972 4 mainly magazines in general

4 Complete these sentences w i t h information from

the text.
I PROJECT
1 It was difficult for Edward and Mrs Simpson to get
married because 5a Work in groups. Choose one of these members of the British royal fa
Mrs Simpson had already been married twice. King Henry VIII Queen Elizabeth I King Charles I
2 American and European newspapers started to write Queen Victoria Queen Elizabeth II
about Edward and Wallis when ...
5 b Each member of the group should find information and illustrations
3 The British press didn't write about the romance
one of these topics:
because...
life family important events during their lifetime
4 The British government didn't want Edward and Wallis
to get married because ... 5c In your group, decide how to present your information to the rest oft
5 King Edward VII stopped being the king because ... class. Prepare it and present it.

1 00 Unit 8
Cross-curricular - Literature
зо and Julietby W i l l i a m S h a k e s p e a r e

© INSSIDE INFORMATION
lliam Shakespeare lived from 1564 t o 1616.
• Shakespeare probably w r o t e his first version o f
Romeo and Juliet in 1595.
• There were other versions of the story, and a
poem, before Shakespeare's version.

Look at the pictures. They illustrate the story of

Romeo and Juliet. In which picture(s) can you see
people fighting?
a priest?
two people getting married?
a potion?
poison?
a knife?
somebody killing himself or herself?

7 Work with a partner. Say what you think is

happening in each picture.

8 With your partner, can you put the pictures in

the correct order? If you aren't sure, guess!
1С. 2 3 4 5 6 7

9 ф 2.24 Listen t o t w o students telling the story.

What is the correct order of the pictures?

10 Listen again. Are these statements about

the story true or false?
1 Romeo is a Capulet.
2 When Romeo meets Juliet, he knows which family
she's from but it doesn't matter to him.
3 Romeo and Juliet get married almost immediately.
4 Romeo's friends are there with him when he gets married.
5 Romeo has to leave the city because he murdered somebody.
6 Juliet's parents know that Juliet married Romeo.
7 Romeo drinks a special potion.
8 Romeo doesn't know what Juliet and Friar Lawrence have
planned.

11 Work with a partner. Take it in turns t o tell the story

of Romeo and Juliet. Use the pictures t o help you.

There are two

important families. And they are
always fighting

12 What about you?

1 Have you ever read Romeo and Juliet, or seen the play
or a film version? What did you think of it?
2 Why do you think the story of Romeo and Juliet is still
famous today?

/ saw the film with

Was it good?
Leonardo DiCaprio.

• STUDY SKILLS
Г Readers often come with an audio component
that you can listen to outside the classroom. What
other things can you listen to in English out of class?
STUDY SKILLS • p a g e 148
 • Grammar in context
1 Do this questionnaire. When you finish, compare your
G R A M M A R GUIDE
results w i t h a partner.
Gerunds and infinitives

l a Look at these sentences.

1 When I go shopping, I don't buy anything.
jrnerrts 2 I love giving presents.
3 Understanding other people's opinions isn't easy for
me.
Section 1 4 I find it easy to talk about my emotions.
• i feel I have to be right all the time. 5 I learn by watching.
LZI If I don't do my best, I get angry with myself. 6 Nobody wanted to make the decision.
• When I go shopping I don't buy anything if 7 A: Why did you shout at the waiter?
I'm not 100% happy with it. B: To tell him the food was no good.

• I enjoy criticising other people but I hate l b Put rules 1-7 below in the correct column.
people criticising me.
LZI Understanding other people's opinions isn't We use t h e g e r u n d ... We use the infinitive ...
easy for me. 5
Section 2
О I love giving presents to my friends and family.
П I'm good at drawing, writing and acting.
LZI I find it easy to talk about how I feel.
• When I feel sad or lonely I feel very sad ... as the subject of a sentence.
or lonely. ... to explain why somebody does something.
П I hate rules and obligations because my ... immediately after adjectives.
freedom is the most important thing. ... after certain verbs like want.
Section 3 ... with go to talk about physical activities.
My idea of excitement is doing sudokus ... after prepositions.
and crosswords. ... after verbs of liking or disliking.
П I always think hard before making a decision.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 106
П I'm usually very hard-working at school.
LZI I stay calm in difficult situations.
LZI I learn by watching and reading more than
by doing. 2 Look at these statements. Which rule in 1 b explains why
Section 4 we use the gerund or infinitive in each one?

LZI In a group, I'm the person who

CI LZI
makes decisions.
I hate being with people who can't •
Section 5
I find it difficult to say no if someone asks me

•
make decisions.
I love having a good argument.
И •
to do something
I love making other people feel good.
LZI I'm not afraid of telling people what I think.
• I find it hard to say sorry. • People often come to me to get advice.

2 Now count how many ticks you have in each section. • I always want to help my friends and family.
Turn to page 159 t o discover what each section means.
Do you agree w i t h the result? LZI I'm interested in becoming a doctor or a nurse
one day
3 listening ® 2 . 2 5 Listen to Jessica talking t o Jack about
Section 6
the questionnaire. Answer the questions.
LZI I hate having arguments
1 Which section do they talk about?
LZI When I have a problem, I don't fight, I go
2 Does Jessica agree with the results?
running
3 Does Jack agree with them?
LZI I think it's stupid to disagree about small
things
4 vjj) Listen again and choose the correct alternative.
LZI Shouting is horrible, in my opinion.
1 Last week Jessica decided where they went/what they saw.
LZI I make problems disappear by not
2 Jack thinks Jessica isn't very good at waiting/listening.
thinking about them
3 Jessica and Jack have an argument about why/how long he
waited last week.
Jessica agrees/doesn't agree that she likes arguing. 3 Tick the statements in 2 that are true for you. Where do
Jessica didn't like the service/quality of the food last night. you have more ticks, in Section 5 or in Section 6? Now
Jessica often/never apologises. find out what each section means on the next page.

Unit 8
4 Complete the texts w i t h the gerund or infinitive f o r m of 6 Look at these sentences. Then use appropriate words to
the verbs. complete the sentences below.

* \ o O
^•allin^ in Love is easy,
S e c
^•allin^ in Love is tike falling into an ocean,
Personality:
^•allin^ in Love can be dangerous,
You're warm and caring and you
think it's easy (a) ^jr-allin^ in love stops Loneliness.
(make) friends. You do many
Ideal j o b s : things (b) (make
1 Being a student...
your friends' lives better. But
Nurse, Doctor,
2 Listening to music ...
Primary school (c) (be) helpful
3 Spending time with friends...
teacher can sometimes get you into
trouble because you want (d) 4 Walking in the country ...

(know) what 5 Doing sport...

problems people are having.

7 Finish these questions using a gerund or an infinitive.

Romance: Advice:

You like (e) Learn to say no and

(show) your emotions but don't be afraid (g)

you can be possessive. (make)

Don't go (f) it clear what you

(fall) in love too fast! want from life.

Personality:
You never want (a 1 Are you interested in т^д.ШШ.рщк.
(argue) about anything. You're
2 Do you enjoy
calm and open-minded. You enjoy
(b) (listen) to other 3 One day do you want
people and you think it's important
4 Do you ever go
(c) (hear) different
opinions. But (d) (do 5 Do you f i n d it easy
what other people want all the
6 Is it i m p o r t a n t for you
time can be tiring.
Advice: 7 Do you hate
(g) (Defend)
8 Why do you go
your own opinions isn't the
same as being aggressive. 9 Do you t h i n k is a good idea?
Do it more often. Why?
Romance: 10 Are you excited about '
(h) (Get) the
By(e)
respect of other people.
(accept) your partner's
ideas, you seem an ideal
partner. But it's important
(f) (spend) Ideal jobs: 8 a SPEAKING Ask your partner your questions from 7.
time doing what you want Social worker,
Receptionist, 8 b Tell the class some things you discovered about your
Gardener partner.

/ discovered that my partner is interested

in collecting old manga comics.
5 Do you agree w i t h the results? Why/Why not?

Unit 8 103
Developing speaking Reporting a past event

l a SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Look at the photos. What can you see 4 Look at the sentences in the Speaking Bank.
in each photo? Which of the t w o types of party do you prefer and why? Match the verb forms in bold with the correct
name of the tense and the explanation of its use.

• Speaking Bank

Using d i f f e r e n t past tenses

1 I went to a great party.

2 They'd made lots of food.
3 When I was dancing I met George.

a Past perfect
b Past continuous
с Past simple

i An activity in progress at a moment in the

past. We often use it to describe scenes in
the past.
ii A completed action in the past.
iii An activity that happened before another
action in the past.

Think of a party w i t h family or friends that you

went to. Prepare to talk about the party by
looking at these questions. Make notes but do
not write complete sentences.
Whose party was it?
1
Why did they have the party?
2
3 Who did you go with?
4 Where was the party?

5 How many people were there?

6 Did you know all the people there?
7 Was there any food? What was it like?
8 Was there any music? What was it like?
9 Did you dance?
10 Did you meet anybody?
11 What time did the party end?

Practice makes perfect

6 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Do this task. Use

l b What are typical things that you can do at a party? Make a list w i t h your notes f r o m 5 and the Speaking Bank to
your partner. help you.

eat, talk with jriends...

T e l l y o u r p a r t n e r about a p a r t y y o u went
to. T e l l t h e m :
2 LISTENING ф 2.26 Listen to a conversation about a party. Tick any
activities in your list that the t w o people mention. • w h o s e p a r t y it was

3 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Can you complete these sentences? • w h a t y o u d i d at the p a r t y

Listen again to the conversation if necessary.
• y o u r o p i n i o n o f the p a r t y , g i v i n g
1 Joe had a party because he had reasons.
2 The party was at
3 There were people there.
4 had made lots of food. • E X A M SUCCESS

5 Lee thought that one of the best things about the party was What language is useful in tasks where you have
to report past events?
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152
6 At the party Lee met a(n)

Unit 8
Developing writin<
SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Describe the people in the photos

2 Read this email from a boy called Luke and answer the
questions.
1 How and where did Luke meet Ethan?
2 Which photo in 1 shows Ethan?
3 Why does Luke get on well with Ethan?
3 The email in 2 is answering this exam task. Does it include
all the information?
A few weeks ago you made a new friend. In an email
to another friend write:

• your new friend's name and general appearance

• how and where you met the person

• the person's personality and likes and dislikes.

From: Luke Smith (lsmith@anymail.com)
To: Thomas Ashfield (thomasjashfield@anymail.com)
Subject: Hi Thomas!
4 Look at the useful words and expressions in the Writing
Hi Thomas, Bank. Circle the ones you can find in the email in 2.

How are things? Are you still doing exams or have

you already finished?
Useful w o r d s a n d expressions of sequence a n d t i m e
Last w e e k e n d I m e t s o m e o n e w h o knows y o u . His
name is Ethan. Does t h e n a m e sound familiar? • At first • In the end
He's got short fair hair and he's tall - very t a l l ! He j • First of all • Last weekend
met you at a basketball camp last summer. You • Next
played t o g e t h e r in t h e same t e a m . • Two weeks ago
• Then
I met Ethan on Saturday night w h e n I was o u t • After that • On Friday

bowling w i t h Steve and Jake. At first he was w i t h • Finally • On Saturday night

t w o friends. Then his friends left and w e started
chatting. I got on well w i t h h i m . He's really funny.
And he's like us - he loves playing basketball b u t Practice makes perfect
he hates f o o t b a l l !
5 Do the task in 3. You can write about a real or imaginary
Anyway, Ethan had an idea. He w a n t e d t h e t h r e e person or event. Use the email in 2 as a model and
of us t o m e e t this w e e k e n d . How a b o u t it? Are remember to use words and expressions f r o m the Writing
you free? We could go b o w l i n g or do s o m e t h i n g Bank.
else if you like.
• E X A M SUCCESS
W r i t e back and let me k n o w !
Why is it important to read the question carefully in writing
Luke
exams? EXAM SUCCESS • p a g e 152

Unit 8
 L a n g u a g e reference a n d revision
• Grammar reference
Past perfect
Form Use
We use the past perfect to talk about actions that happened
subject + had ('d) + past participle before another action or actions in the past.
Affirmative
She had finished the exam.
/ hadfinished working when Jamie called.
subject + had not (hadn't) + past participle
Negative (= First I finished working and then Jamie called.)
They hadn't finished the exam.

Had + subject + past participle

Question
Had you finished the exam ?

Yes, subject + had. No, subject + hadn't.

Short answers
Yes, 1 had. No, they hadn't.

We often use time expressions such as w h e n , after, b y t h e

time, as, as s o o n as with the past perfect.

Gerunds and infinitives

Use

We use t h e g e r u n d : We use t h e infinitive:

as the subject of a sentence. to explain why somebody does something.
Shopping is great. Why did hego to university? To study art.

after prepositions. immediately after adjectives.

I'm interested in studying taw. It's good to express your feelings.

after verbs of liking or disliking e.g. like, love, enjoy, can't stand, after certain verbs e.g. want, learn, agree, decide, expect, hope, seem,
don't mind, hate. try, would like.
1 enjoy being with friends. 1 want to work for a newspaper.

with go to talk about physical activities.

go running, swimming, cycling, shopping, swimming,
fishing

Spelling
We usually add -ing to the verb to form the present participle. If the verb ends in -y, -w, or -x, we add -ing but do not double the
start — starting last consonant.

Verbs which end in one -e lose the last -e and add -ing. play —playing, mix — mixing, snow — snowing

have — having When verbs finish in -ie, we change the -ie to -y and add -ing.
When a verb has only one syllable and ends with one vowel and lie — lying, die — dying
one consonant, we double the consonant and add -ing.
put — putting, swim — swimming, run — running

• Vocabulary
1 Relationships 2 Feelings 3 Noun suffixes -ness, -ship, -dom
I to ask somebody out afraid anger angry boredom freedom friendship
to chat to somebody bored boredom excited happiness illness loneliness
to fall in love (with somebody) excitement fear happiness madness relationship
to get back together (with somebody) happy loneliness sadness weakness
to get married (to somebody) lonely sad sadness
to get on well (with somebody)
4 Other w o r d s and phrases • page 143-4
to go out (with somebody)
to have an argument (with somebody)
to meet somebody
to split up (with somebody)

1 06 Unit 8
• Grammar revision
Past perfect

1 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Put one verb in the past perfect and the other in the past simple.
1 When I (finish) my breakfast, I They (take) her to the hospital because
(brush) my teeth. she (have) an accident.

2 When the students (do) the exam, the They didn't see the start of the film. When they
teacher (say) they could go. (arrive) at the cinema it (start).

3 He (go) to bed after he When he (write) the email, he

(put) his pyjamas on. (send) it.

4 She (dry) her hair after she They (go) into the museum when
(wash) it. they (buy) the tickets.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 66 ( /8 points)

Gerunds and infinitives

2 Choose the correct alternative. Why do we use the gerund or infinitive in each case?
1 I went to the shops buying/to buy food for the weekend.
2 Are you interested in seeing/to see that film?
3 Smoking/To smoke is bad for your health.
4 Why с о " ' we go fishing/to fish this weekend?
5 Richard and Sarah really enjoy nding/tojide their bikes in the park.
6 I want listening/tgjisten to that new group in concert.
7 The burglar got into the house by openjnq/tgqpenxhe window.
8 Are you ready hel^mg/p_he)2 me?

WORKBOOK • p a g e 69 ( /8 points)

• Vocabulary revision
Relationships Noun suffixes -ness, -ship, -dom

1 Match words from each column to make expressions about 3 Read the definitions and write words ending with
relationships. -ness, -ship, or -dom.

1 to get on a out with somebody 1 A relationship between people who are friends:
2 to go b up with somebody f
3 to ask с somebody
2 The opposite of strength:
4 to have d well with somebody
w
5 to split e an argument with somebody
6 to like f in love with somebody 3 The feeling when nobody is with you and you feel
7 to fall g back together with somebody bad:
8 to get h somebody out I
9 to chat i to somebody
4 Something that affects people and makes them do
10 to get married j to somebody
crazy things:
WORKBOOK • p a g e 64 ( /10 points) m

5 The connection between two people:

Feelings
r

2 Write the nouns for these adjectives. Is each feeling generally

6 Something which makes you feel bad or unhealthy:
positive (+), negative (-) or it depends (=)?
i
1 sad -» 5 angry -»
2 afraid -» 6 excited -» 7 Being able to do what you want, with no obligations:
3 lonely -» 7 happy -» f
4 bored -»
WORKBOOK • p a g e 64 ( /7points) WORKBOOK • p a g e 67 ( /7points)

/40 points

Unit 8 1 07
• G a t e w a y to exams
• Reading
1 W o r k w i t h a partner.
What jobs can teenagers
d o in y o u r c o u n t r y ? H o w
old d o t h e y h a v e to b e to
do them?
2 Y o u a r e g o i n g to r e a d
a text a b o u t a British
t e e n a g e r . First, m a t c h t h e
w o r d s a n d the p i c t u r e s .
1 jam 3 recipe
2 grapes 4 factory
• Tip for Reading Exams
In true/false activities, remember...
Read the sentences that you need to
check and find the section of the text
which includes the information. Read
those sections again in more detail.
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152
Units 7 - 8
R e a d t h e text. H o w h a s F r a s e r D o h e r t y b e c o m e a millionaire?
Fraser D o h e r t y is a very h a r d - w o r k i n g , ambitious teenager. In fact, he's so
h a r d - w o r k i n g and ambitious that he's already a m i l l i o n a i r e ! Fraser was 14 when
he started m a k i n g j a m . There had been a special way o f m a k i n g j a m for
generations and generations in the Doherty f a m i l y . One day his grandmother
5 t o l d Fraser the secret and, w i t h her help, he began to invent his o w n unusual
j a m s , all called SuperJam.
The j a m was o b v i o u s l y good because soon Fraser was m a k i n g it and selling it
to his friends and neighbours after school. W i t h i n f o u r years he was producing
1,000 jars o f j a m a week f r o m his parents' home in Edinburgh. Scotland.
10 N o w he has j u s t w o n a contract to produce 120,000 jars o f j a m a week f o r a big
B r i t i s h supermarket. That means that he w i l l have to start producing j a m in a
factory, not at home.
Fraser is now 18 and he's studying business at Strathclyde University in
Glasgow. Yesterday he said: ' I f things continue to go w e l l I'll need more people
15 to w o r k at m y factory. I w o u l d love to have m y j a m s in other supermarkets, too.'
Traditional j a m s are often 80 per cent sugar, but M r Doherty. whose company
is called D o h e r t y ' s Preserves, has created a healthy alternative. He uses
grape j u i c e , not sugar. He said: ' I wanted to make j a m as healthy as possible.
T r a d i t i o n a l j a m is quite unhealthy. It was quite f r i g h t e n i n g to change a product
20 that people have made the same w a y f o r hundreds o f years, but I wanted to add
a new dimension.' A f o o d expert said: 'Fraser has taken
an o l d product and he has made it y o u n g , e x c i t i n g
and modern.' Fraser has done this by being creative
w i t h new ingredients like k i w i and l i m e .
25 M r D o h e r t y ' s father, Robert, said that he was sad
that Fraser was m o v i n g to a factory because
he l i k e d w a t c h i n g Fraser m a k i n g the
j a m s at their f a m i l y home in E d i n b u r g h .
'For a l o n g time now, Fraser has used
30 our kitchen to experiment w i t h new
recipes and to produce j a m
to sell. W h e n he is i n the
k i t c h e n , we can o n l y g o
in there i f we promise to
35 help. People w h o visit our
home all have to h e l p ! ' -— - - ^ ^ * ^ %
,~i
4 R e a d t h e t e x t a g a i n a n d d e c i d e if t h e s t a t e m e n t s are t r u e or false. Write
d o w n t h e n u m b e r ( s ) of t h e line(s) w h e r e y o u f o u n d t h e answer.
1 F r a s e r D o h e r t y ' s j a m s a r e a m i x t u r e of tradition a n d n e w ideas. T/F
2 A t first F r a s e r m a d e a n d s o l d t h e j a m in his f r e e t i m e . T/F
3 F r a s e r s t a r t e d by p r o d u c i n g 1,000 j a r s of j a m a w e e k . T/F
4 F r a s e r will c o n t i n u e to m a k e j a m at h o m e . T/F
5 F r a s e r w a n t s to sell his p r o d u c t to m o r e a n d m o r e p e o p l e . T/F
6 F r a s e r h a s a totally positive o p i n i o n of t y p i c a l , old j a m . T/F
7 F r a s e r w a n t e d to m a k e a n e w t y p e of j a m but he didn't k n o w T/F
w h a t p e o p l e w o u l d think.
8 F r a s e r ' s d a d invites p e o p l e to his k i t c h e n to help m a k e j a m . T/F
5 What about you?
W o u l d y o u like to b e F r a s e r D o h e r t y ? W h y / W h y not?
• Writing • Listening
• Tip f o r W r i t i n g E x a m s • Tip for Listening Exams

In writing exams, remember... In multiple-choice listening activities, remember...

You lose marks if you do not answer the question and include If you don't hear the answer to one question, start listening 1
all the information that appears in it. immediately for the answer to the next question. Don't panic.
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152 You will probably be able to hear the text again.
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152

You s e e an a d v e r t i s e m e n t for a s u m m e r j o b at
Fraser D o h e r t y ' s n e w j a m f a c t o r y . Y o u w a n t t o w r i t e 9 ф 2 . 2 7 L i s t e n t o a m a n t a l k i n g a b o u t British t e e n a g e r s
a letter to a p p l y for t h e j o b . In y o u r letter, s h o u l d y o u and work. Which jobs do you hear mentioned?
do the t h i n g s b e l o w or n o t ?
10 ф L i s t e n a g a i n a n d c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t alternative.
1 Write Fraser D o h e r t y ' s a d d r e s s in t h e t o p
• 1 British t e e n a g e r s

•
right corner.
A c a n ' t w o r k legally w h e n t h e y a r e t h i r t e e n .

•
2 W r i t e y o u r a d d r e s s in t h e t o p right c o r n e r . В c a n o n l y w o r k t w o h o u r s a day.

•
3 W r i t e t h e date o n t h e right. С can w o r k more hours on Saturday.

•
4 B e g i n Dear Mr Doherty, 2 The m o s t c o m m o n j o b for t e e n a g e r s is
A working for a newspaper.
5 W r i t e c o n t r a c t i o n s like I'm, It's, etc.
В t a k i n g n e w s p a p e r s to w h e r e p e o p l e live.
6 Say which advertisement you are
• С after s c h o o l .

•
writing a b o u t .
3 To b e a n a u pair

•
7 Say why you are a good person for the job. A y o u n e e d different p e r s o n a l qualities.
В is e a s y b e c a u s e y o u j u s t w a t c h T V .

•
8 W r i t e e x p r e s s i o n s like / look forward to
hearing from you. С y o u n e e d to w o r k in t h e m o r n i n g .

9 Finish Yours faithfully, 4 British t e e n a g e r s

A d o n ' t usually c o o k .
Write y o u r letter a n d i n c l u d e this i n f o r m a t i o n . Y o u В can't prepare food very well.
can invent it. С aren't legally a b l e to w o r k in k i t c h e n s .
• W h y you are writing
• What other information you are sending with
the letter (CV, p h o t o , o t h e r ) • 'Can Do' Progress Check
• P e r s o n a l qualities y o u h a v e t h a t c o u l d help
How well can you do these things in English now?
y o u to get t h e j o b
Give yourself a mark f r o m 1 to 4.
• W h a t experience you have
1 = I can do it very well.

• Speaking 2 = I can do it quite well.

3 = I have some problems.
4 = I can't do it.
> Tip f o r S p e a k i n g E x a m s

In activities where you report past events, remember...

I can express obligation, prohibition and advice
using modal verbs like must and should. •
Use different past tenses (such as the past perfect for activities 1
that happened before another activity in the past) and use
I can talk about imaginary situations and their
consequences using the second conditional. •
expressions of time and sequence {first, next, then, later). I can describe jobs and the personal qualities you
•
•
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152 need to do them.

•
I can ask about jobs, making polite requests.

•
8 Work w i t h a partner. L o o k at this e x a m t a s k . Y o u I can write a simple job application.

•
have a f e w m i n u t e s to m a k e a note of t h i n g s y o u a r e I can describe past events using the past perfect.

•
going to say or q u e s t i o n s y o u a r e g o i n g to a s k . D o I can talk about relationships and feelings.
not w r i t e c o m p l e t e s e n t e n c e s . I can understand information in a newspaper story

•
about a relationship.
I can make nouns using the suffixes -ness, -ship,
Yesterday e v e n i n g y o u w o r k e d as an au p a i r

•
and -dom.
l o o k i n g after y o u r n e i g h b o u r ' s t w o c h i l d r e n I can write about a friend in an informal email.
(aged 8 a n d 10). T e l l y o u r partner:
Now decide what you need t o do to improve.
• what you d i d
1 Look again at my book/notes.
• w h a t the c h i l d r e n d i d 2 Do more practice exercises. •=> WORKBOOK pages 56-73
• what the best a n d worst parts o f the 3 Other:
experience were.

109
 Grammar • Reported speech - statements and questions
Vocabulary • Fiction • Non-fiction
• Phrasal verbs connected with reading and writing
9 Read o n Speaking
Writing
• Making offers
• A questionnaire

• Vocabulary

Fiction a l a s t a i r

1 Work w i t h a partner and match seven of these r e y n o l d s

words w i t h the book covers.

comic crime novel fairytale fantasy

graphic novel historical fiction horror
play romance science fiction thriller

NEW PENGUIN SHAKESPEARE

Robert Ludlum

BOURNE
IDENTITY

H A M L E T

by
WILLIAM
SHAKESPEARE
©

2 ф 2.28/29 Listen, check and repeat. 5a 'RONUNCIATION Practise saying the words in 4 and put them
in the correct column, according to their stress.
3 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Ask and answer these •• ••• ••••
questions.
atlas
1 Do you like reading fiction?
2 How often do you read fiction?
3 Which types of fiction do you enjoy reading the most? Why?
4 Which types of fiction do you dislike? Why? 5 b Look at the words in 1 again. Can you put any of them into
these columns?

Non-fiction 5c Q ) 2 . 3 0 Listen, check and repeat.

4 Match these words w i t h the book titles in 1-10.
6 LISTENING <jf) 2.31 Listen t o the conversations. What types
of book or publication are the people talking about? They
atlas autobiography biography cookbook
can be fiction or non-fiction.
dictionary encyclopedia guidebook manual
newspaper textbook 4
5
1 Discover Venice guidebook
2 How to Get the Most From Your Digital Camera
7a SPEAKING Think about how often, and in what situations,
3 My Life by Bill Clinton
you read non-fiction. Make notes.
4 Shakespeare by Bill Bryson
cookbooks — sometimes, to find new things to make,
5 My Grandmother's Chinese Kitchen: 100 Family Recipes enjoy cooking

7 b Work w i t h a partner. Compare your answers.

6 Europe (World in Maps)
/ read cookbooks sometimes because I enjoy
7 The Times
cooking. I read them to find new things to make.
8 Gateway
9 English-French, French-English
I never read cookbooks because I
10 Britannica never cook. I prefer reading history.

Unit 9
 1 But, like J. K. Rowling and her 'Harry Potter'
T o p T e e n A u t h o r : novels, his books are so good t h a t people of all ages
read t h e m . Telling stories has always been Horowitz's
* A n t h o n y H o r o w i t z passion. He once told an interviewer t h a t he had
wanted to be an author si nee the age of eight. _

3
• He hated living and studying there. Once the headmaster told him to stand up in
front of all the other students. The headmaster said: 'This boy is so stupid he will not be
coming to the Christmas games t o m o r r o w . ' 1 have never totally recovered,' says Horowitz.
To escape f r o m these experiences, Horowitz s t a r t e d mak[ng_up_ his own stories.

4
• Since then, he has w r i t t e n m o r e than 3 0 novels, including h o r r o r stories, fantasies, detective stories
and thrillers. His m o s t famous books are almost certainly the Alex Rider series with titles such as Snakehead
and Scorpia. Alex Rider is a teenage super-spy, like a young J a m e s Bond. Rider was the s t a r of the popular
film, Stormbreaker, based on the first novel in the series. The Alex Rider books have made English t e a c h e r s
very happy because they have helped to get a whole, generation of teenage boys reading, instead .of playing
computer games.

5
• He has walked over p a r t of the Andes, been scuba-diving and climbed a 1 5 0 - m e t r e t o w e r in London, all
just to be able to write his novels in sufficient detail.

6
• And another place w h e r e he gets inspiration, for his stories is the cinema. He goes to see films t h r e e or
four times a week. His favourite films are thrillers. Perhaps t h a t explains why his own thrillers are so good!

3 Look at the photos in 1 again. Explain why each one is

• EXAM SUCCESS
significant for Anthony Horowitz.
You are going to do a missing sentences activity with this reading
The Alex Rider books are Horowitz's most famous books,
text. In this type of activity you have to find the best place to
put various sentences taken from a text. How can you check this They 're about a young spy.
activity when you finish? EXAM SUCCESS • p a g e 152
4 Match the underlined words in the text w i t h their
definitions.
2 Read the article again and put these sentences into gaps
1 inventing making up
1-6 in the text.
2 in the place of
a Anthony's first novel was published in 1979.
3 enough
b He's also worked as a cowboy in Australia, but that was just
for fun! 4 very popular

с Anthony Horowitz is a best-seJJing author of books for 5 complete

teenagers. 6 new ideas that help you to create something
d Horowitz is very serious about investigation for his novels,
e For birthdays, he always asked for just notebooks and pens, 5 SPEAKING What about you?
f Perhaps Horowitz wanted to start writing at the age of 1 Who is your favourite author?
eight because that was when his parents sent him to a 2 Would you like to read a book by Anthony Horowitz? Why/
boarding school. Why not?

Unit 9
• Grammar in context
3 Look at the examples in 2 and put the tenses and verbs in
G R A M M A R GUIDE
the correct places in the table.
Reported speech - statements
could had to might past continuous
l a Look at what Anthony Horowitz said to a journalist. past perfect past perfect past simple would

1 My favourite films are thrillers.

Direct speech Reported speech
2 I go to see films three or four times a week.
3 I hated living and studying there. 1 present simple -» past simple

4 I've w r i t t e n more than 30 novels. 2 present continuous-*

3 past simple •+
Now look at what the journalist wrote.
4 present perfect -»
a Horowitz said his favourite films were thrillers.
5 will-»
b He told an interviewer he went to see films three or
four times a week. 6 can -»
с He said that he had hated living and studying there. 7 may-»
d He told them that he had w r i t t e n more than 30 8 must/have to -»
novels.

4 There are other words which we often change when we put

l b Answer the questions.
statements into reported speech. Look at this example.
1 What happens to the verbs when they go into
reported speech? 'I read this hook last week!
2 What happens to most pronouns and possessive
She said she had read that book the previous week.
adjectives when they go into reported speech?
3 What is the difference between say and re//? Use these words to complete the table.

4 After say and tell do we always need to use that? a (week/month/year) ago here
last (week/month/year) next (week/month/year)
GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 120 )
this today tomorrow tonight yesterday

Direct speech Reported speech

1 this that
Match these sentences in direct and reported speech. 2 there
One of the reported speech sentences can go w i t h more 3 that day
than one of the sentences in direct speech.
4 the day before
1 I write novels, d
2 I'm writing a novel. 5 the next/following day

3 I wrote a novel. 6 that night

4 I've written a novel. 7 the following (week/month/year)

5 I'll write a novel. 8 the previous (week/month/year)

6 I can write novels. 9 a (week/month/year) before

7 I may write a novel.
8 I have to write a novel. 5 Complete the sentences w i t h said or told. Which fictional
character is 'he'?
a He said he'd write a novel. 1 He me he wasn't very tall.
b He said he might write a novel. 2 He he had a friend called Sam.
с He said he was writing a novel. 3 He us that he had a ring.
d I le said he wrote novels. 4 He that he and Sam had travelled a long way
e He said he had written a novel. 5 He and Sam they needed to destroy the ring
f He said he could write novels. 6 He that Gollum wasn't his friend.
g He said he had to write a novel. 7 He that he was from Middle Earth.
8 He me that he was a hobbit.

б Rewrite the sentences in 5 as direct speech.

/ Tm not very tall'

Unit 9

7 Report what this writer said in an interview. Use say and tell.
I She said that her name was Emma Maree
1 My name is Emma Maree Urquhart
• Developing vocabulary Г
Phrasal verbs connected with reading and
writing
Urauhart.
1 Read these sentences. Can you guess the meaning of
the phrasal verbs in italics?
1 I don't want to stop now. I want to read on to the end.
2 Can you read out your answer to the next question so
that we can all hear it?
3 I don't understand some of these words. I'm going to
look them up in my dictionary.
4 I want you all to turn over the page and continue
reading.
5 Read the sentences and then fill in the gaps.
6 He flicked through the book quickly to see if he liked it
before he bought it.
7 It doesn't look good when you make lots of mistakes
and then you cross them out.

2 Match the phrasal verbs in 1 w i t h these definitions.

a Read so that other people can hear you.
b Draw an X or a line through some writing to show that
it's not correct.

9 My books are for young readers, с Write information in empty spaces.

but adults have read them too. d Try to find a particular piece of information in a book.
e Continue reading.

8a Write a true sentence about yourself and the summer. It f Turn a page or piece of paper to see the other side,
can be about last summer, next summer, or the summer in g Turn the pages of a book quickly, not looking carefully.
general.

/ went to Brighton in England last summer. 3 Complete the text w i t h these words.

I usually go to the beach in the summer.

cross flick look on out over

8b Read out your sentences to the other people in your class or
group.
8c When everybody has read out their sentence, write d o w n
what different people said. Can you remember everyone's
sentence?
The other day I was in a bookshop. I picked up a novel by
a new writer and began to (a) through
it. I didn't really read any of it, but I decided to buy it
and take it home. When I started to read it carefully
I didn't like the start much. But I decided to read

Mia said that she hadjone to Brighton the previous (b) There were lots of unusual words that

summer. I had to (c) up in the dictionary. I turned

Jack told us that he usually went to the beach in the (d) another page and then another but
summer. I still didn't like it. I told my friend and he asked me to
read (e) a section so that he could hear.
9a SPEAKING Prepare five personal statements to tell your He said that the writer was using too many words to say
partner. Make three of your statements true. Make the something simple and that it was repetitive. He could
other t w o false.
(f) out half the words because they were
unnecessary. In the end I stopped reading the book!
9b Tell your partner your statements.

9c Report back to your partner and tell him/her which

statements you think are false.

You said you'd read a novel in

French, but I don't believe you!

9d Tell the class your partner's false statements.

Andrei told me he'd read a novel

in French, but it wasn't true.
 Literature
Maximum Ride.- The Angel Experiment by PJaa mes
tterson^
1 Read t h e prologue t o t h e novel and
answer the questions.
1 What type of novel is it - historical
fiction, crime, fantasy/science fiction or
romance?
2 What does the prologue tell us about
the'angel experiment'?
2 Read the text again a n d make
notes about these characters.
1 Max
Hyears old,...
2 Max's'family'
3 the'Erasers'
3 The author of this novel, James
Patterson, is an expert at making
people want t o read on t o f i n d o u t
w h a t happens next in the story. He
does this in different ways. Find a
sentence f r o m t h e t e x t for each of
these techniques.
1 The character talks directly to you, the
reader.
Yes, you standing there, flicking
through these pages.
2 Generally, the sentences are short and
direct.
3 Reading the text is like a dangerous
adventure.
4 The reader is part of the adventure.
5 The writer introduces the characters in
the story quickly and dramatically.
6 The language is informal and natural,
like listening to a person talking.
7 There is intrigue - you want to know
more information.
4 What about you?
Would you like to continue reading the
book? Why/Why not?
• WORD BOOSTER
I'd like to read on because I
want to know why Max and
her friends are special.
1 14 Unit 9
INSIDE INFORMATION Y~
Maximum Ride: The Angel Experiment is a
novel by American writer James Patterson.
• This text is the prologue to the novel and
starts to explain w h a t the story is about.
P R O L O G U E
Congratulations. The fact that you're reading this means you've taken
one giant step to surviving till your next birthday. Yes - you standing
there, flicking through these pages. Do not put this book down. I'm
really serious — your life could depend on it.
This is my story, the story of my family, but it could easily be your
story too. We're all in this together, believe me.
I've never done anything like this, so I'm just going to jump in, and
you try to keep up.
Okay, I'm Max, I'm fourteen. I live with my family, who are five kids
not related to me by blood, but still totally my family.
We're - well, we're kind of amazing. We're like nothing you've seen
before.
Basically, we're pretty cool, nice, smart - and very special. The six of
us - me, Fang, Iggy, Nudge, the Gasman, and Angel - were made by
the worst, most horrible 'scientists'you could possibly imagine. They
created us as an experiment. An experiment where we ended up only
98% human. That other 2% has had a big impact, let me tell you.
We grew up in a science laboratory/prison called the School. There
was one other School experiment that survived. Part human, part
wolf - all predator: they're called Erasers. They're tough, smart and
hard to control. They look human, but when they want to, they can
change into wolf men. The School uses them as guards, police - and
murderers.
This story could be about you - or your children. I f not today, then
soon. So please, please, take this seriously. I'm risking everything that
matters by telling you - but you need to know.
Keep reading - don't let anyone stop you.
Max
Match the words and definitions.
1 jump in a part of the same genetic family
2 keep up b finally became
3 related by blood с go as quickly as another person
4 smart d putting in danger
5 ended up e strong
6 tough f intelligent
7 risking g start quickly
5 You are going to listen to a radio programme about
books. They are talking about best-selling author
James Patterson. Before you listen, work w i t h a
partner and answer these questions.
1 Do you think authors who write best-sellers usually write
slowly or quickly? INSIDE INFORMATION j
2 Do you think they usually write only a few novels or a lot of • James Patterson is the American author
of Maximum Ride.
novels?
• In 2007 people called h i m the world's
3 Do you think they usually write serious works or not very best-selling author. He has sold more
serious works? than 150 million books globally.
• In 2006 t w o of James Patterson's books
4 Do you think they write alone or do they sometimes write
were in t h e Top 10 books b o r r o w e d f r o m
with other people? British Libraries.
• Patterson is so famous in the USA that
he once appeared in an episode of The
6 t£)2.32 Listen to the programme and choose the
Simpsons.
correct alternative.
1 James Patterson has/hasn't written more than 60 books.
2 James Patterson thinks/doesn't think he writes very serious
literature.
3 When Patterson works with another writer, he writes a
Literature
complete plan/the first version of the story. The Ides of March by Valerio M a s s i m o M a n f r e d i
4 Patterson has/hasn't written love stories.
5 Patterson has created/won a prize called the Page Turner Look at this book cover, read the website review and
Prize. answer the questions.

6 The Maximum Ride series is really for young people only/ 1 What type of book is The Ides ofMarchl
young people and adults. 2 What is the book about?
3 If you saw this book in a book shop, would you pick it up and buy
7 Listen again and complete the sentences. it? Why/Why not?

1 Patterson has written approximately novels. • STUDY SKILLS

2 He has ideas for stories.
'Reading for pleasure' is when you read without any questions,
3 Often his books have his name and on the cover. exercises or tasks. The only objective is to enjoy yourself. What
1

4 Some of his crime novels and thrillers have become do you think is the best thing to do with new words when you
read for pleasure? STUDY SKILLS • page 148
5 In his books are almost as popular as Harry Potter.
6 Patterson has spent on ideas to get people to
read more. What about you?
Do you ever read best-sellers?
What are the best-sellers in your country?

72 of 102 people found the following review helpful:

Loved this book! 14 February 2011

By J. Smith (UK) - See all mv reviews

"(TOP 500 REVIEWER)"

The new international best-seller from the great Italian writer The Ides of
March is an incredible book. I really enjoyed it! It combines the best elements
of historical fiction with the most exciting features of a political thriller. The
story starts in Rome in 44 ВС. Julius Caesar is 56 years old and is the most
powerful man in the Roman World. But he has enemies and they are working
against him. Something happens that will change Rome, and the whole world,
forever. The author manages to make the story really gripping from beginning
to end and you learn a lot about Roman history along the way. All in all, a very
good read!

Unit 9 115
 • Grammar in context
r

GRAMMAR GUIDE
MODERN CLASSICS
T H E LORD
Reported speech - questions
OF T H E R I N G S
THlULtOWSHIPOf THl RIN<
l a Look at these questions and statements.
Which are direct questions (DQ) and which
are reported questions (RQ)?
1 He asked her what she was reading at that
moment.
2 He wanted to know if she had seen The Lord
of the Rings films.
3 How often do you go to the cinema?
4 Have you seen The Lord of the Rings films?
5 He asked her how often she went to the
cinema.
6 What are you reading at the moment?
SPEAKING Look at these questions and make notes. Then work with 7 Do you prefer reading books or watching
a partner and compare your ideas. TV?
1 Can you think of any books that have become films, like The Lord of 8 He asked her whether she preferred reading
the Ringsl books or watching TV.
2 What are the good things about books?
l b Choose the correct alternative.
3 What are the good things about films?
1 We change/don't change tenses, pronouns
• E X A M SUCCESS and words like this and here in the same
way in reported statements and reported
In the next activity you will listen to and complete gaps in notes or questions.
a text with the word(s) you hear. Is it possible to predict the type of
We use/don't use question marks in
words that are missing? How? E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152
reported questions.
We use/don't use the auxiliary verb do in
2 LISTENING ® 2.33 You are going t o hear a w o m a n being
reported questions.
interviewed for a magazine survey on reading, watching films
and film adaptations of books. Listen and complete the notes. • We Qut/dgn'tgut the verb before the
subject in reported questions.
We use/don'tuse if or whether in reported
questions when there is no question
Culture Vulture Magazine word (who, what, why, etc.) in the original
Book vs. Film Survey
question.
Male • Female •
GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 120 j
Comments
Reads one or Ъл/o books л («)
At tte moment rfcoelMfl O L О) hook Complete the sentences w i t h a question word
(joes fe c e o * . 4wo or t t f e e W s a (с) or if/whether.

и ; Уи , ? ^ *J*ph*o„ / books
4 . •'','' y
Ь е
s0
1 They asked the novelist her favourite
Thnks thub Mf\ books i / o i c l<„ow wbah fete
writer was. She said Kafka.
cAftrftcte/x У. 7 j , e cAa^cterr ^
2 Greg asked Jenny she wanted to do.
l i P ' - l i L '
Shock fl^s became cWct-err 3 ^ s *
3 Paul wanted to know I had come by
Ч р € в " Н л w«u| r k e ift^ioe^. bus or by car.
4 Hannah asked me I wanted a coffee
and I said yes.
ф Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? Listen again if
5 They asked me I had brothers or sisters
necessary.
and i said no.
1 He asked her how often she bought books. T/F
6 My teacher asked me I hadn't been at
2 He wanted to know how often she read historical fiction. I/F
school the day before.
3 He asked her what she was reading at that moment. T/F
4 The man asked the woman how often she went to the cinema. I/I 7 Karen's mum asked her she had had a
5 He asked her if she had seen The Lord of the Rings films. I/F good time.
6 He asked her whether she preferred reading books or watching T/.F.
TV.

Unit 9
3 Write what the people actually said in each situation. 4a E N U N C I A T I O N Match the diagrams w i t h the

1 The journalist asked the film director if he was making a film at that moment. questions. In which t y p e of questions, Wh- or
He said that he wasn't but that he was going to start a new one soon. Yes/No, does the intonation usually go up?

Journalist:
Diagram A Diagram В
1 How often do you read?.
2 Do you like reading?
Film Director:
4 b Do you t h i n k the intonation will go up or down
in reported questions?

4c ф 2 . 3 4 Listen to these reported questions.

2 The writer asked the man if he had enjoyed her book. He said that he Check your answer t o 4b and repeat the
thought it was the most beautiful thing he'd ever read. sentences.

HI Writer: 1 She asked me what my name was.

2 She wanted to know where I was from.
3 They asked me why I'd come.
4 I asked her where she'd been.
Man:
5 Write this conversation in reported speech.
Practise reading it aloud w i t h the correct
intonation.
KEIRA: What did you do last night?
3 The reporter asked the singer why she wouldn't answer any of his MATTHEW: I didn't do much. I just watched TV with
questions. She told him that she only wanted to talk about her new CD my parents.
and that she wasn't going to talk about anything else. KEIRA: Did you study for the literature exam?
Reporter: MATTHEW: When do we have the exam?
KEIRA: We're doing it today.
MATTHEW: Why didn't you remind me?
KEIRA: I told you but you weren't listening.
Singer:
Why do you never pay attention to me?

6 a SPEAKING Try t o remember questions that

people have asked you so far today. Write
d o w n five reported questions.
4 The teacher asked the class whether they could write an essay for the next
/ My mum asked me what time I would come home.
day, but they replied that they couldn't because they had to study for an
2 My teacher asked me if I had done my homework.
exam and they wouldn't have enough time.

Teacher: 6 b Compare your sentences w i t h a partner.

Are they similar?

7a SPEAKING As a class, choose a famous person

Students: w h o you w o u l d like to interview. It can be an
actor, politician, sports personality or singer.

7 b Imagine that this famous person is coming to

your school. With your partner, prepare five
questions t o ask t h e m .
5 Julie wanted to know what my favourite book was. I said it was 1984 by
George Orwell. She asked me how many times I'd read it and I told her
7c Choose a student to be the famous person.
that I'd read it three times.
Interview them and make a note of their
Julie: answers.

7 d Now take it in turns to report the interview.

Me: First we asked him why he had

decided to come to our school. He
said that he'd been a student here.

Unit 9
• Developing speaking Making offers

l a SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. 5 SPEAKING Practise the dialogue in 4 w i t h a partner.

1 How often do you go to bookshops? Include the correct information.
2 What type of books or other things do you buy there? 6 Tick the expressions in the Speaking Bank that appear
l b Look at the photo. Talk about what you can see. in the dialogue. Which are more formal ways of offering
help?

• Speaking Bank
WATERSTONE'S Useful expressions f o r m a k i n g offers
• Can I help you?
• Do you want me to ... ?
• Would you like me to ... ?
• Shall I... for you?
• How about if I ... for you?

Practice makes perfect

7a SPEAKING Student A: Work w i t h a partner. Do the role-

play, using the Conversation Guide to help you.

Student A: you are the shop assistant.

Student B: you are the customer.

LISTENING ® 2 . 3 5 Listen to a customer in a bookshop C o n v e r s a t i o n Guide

speaking t o a shop assistant and answer these questions.
SHOP ASSISTANT: Say hello to the customer and offer to help.
1 What type of book does the customer want to buy?
2 Which section should the book be in? CUSTOMER: Tell the shop assistant what book you are
3 Where should she go to find this section? looking for.

SHOP ASSISTANT: Ask the customer what type of book it is.

LISTENING @ 2 . 3 6 Listen to the same customer speaking t o
another shop assistant. CUSTOMER: Tell the shop assistant what type of book it is.
1 In the end, does the customer find the book she wanted? SHOP ASSISTANT: Tell the customer which section to look in.
2 Does she order any books?
CUSTOMER: Tell the shop assistant that you've looked there
3 How much does she spend in the bookshop?
but can't find it.

Ф 2.37 Complete this dialogue w i t h the correct information SHOP ASSISTANT: Tell the customer you'll check on the computer
in 3. Listen again if necessary. if it is in stock. Ask for the name of the author.

CUSTOMER: Tell the shop assistant the name of the author.

SHOP ASSISTANT: Yes, can I help you?
Spell it if necessary.
CUSTOMER: Yes, please. I'm looking for a book called
SHOP ASSISTANT: Tell the customer that you don't have the
(a) It's a (b) book.
book but offer to order it.
They told me that it would be in the
CUSTOMER: Ask how long it will take and the price.
(c) section.
SHOP ASSISTANT: Tell the customer how long it will take and the
SHOP ASSISTANT: Right. Have you looked there?
price of the book.
CUSTOMER: Yes, I have, but I can't see it.
CUSTOMER: Agree to order the book.
SHOP ASSISTANT: OK, I'll just check on the computer. Do you know the
SHOP ASSISTANT: Ask for the customer's name and address.
name of the author?
CUSTOMER: Tell the shop assistant your name and
CUSTOMER: Yes, it's (d)
address. Then tell the shop assistant that you
SHOP ASSISTANT: OK, let's see. Ah, no, I'm sorry, it isn't in stock at the want to buy the three books in your hand.
moment. Would you like me to order it for you? SHOP ASSISTANT: Tell the customer how much the three books
CUSTOMER: HOW long will it take? cost.

SHOP ASSISTANT: It should be here in (e) CUSTOMER: Ask if you can pay by credit card.

SHOP ASSISTANT:
CUSTOMER: That's (f) I'll take these two books Say yes.

then.

SHOP ASSISTANT: Certainly. That's (g) , please. 7 b Now change roles. Cover the Conversation Guide.
CUSTOMER: Can I pay by credit card?

i
SHOP ASSISTANT: Of course.

Unit 9
 Look at these questions and match each one w i t h one of
the rules in the Writing Bank.
1 What are you reading at the moment?
2 Who gives you money to buy magazines?
3 What type of magazines do you like?

• Writing Bank

Writing questions
• In subject questions, the question word (who, what, etc) is
the subject of the verb. The auxiliary verb (do, does, did) is
not necessary.
• In object questions, the question word (who, what, etc) is
the object of the verb. The auxiliary verb (do, does, did) is
necessary.
• When we have fo be or a modal verb (can, will, should), we
do not need the auxiliary verb do to make questions.

You are going to write a questionnaire about newspapers.

Work w i t h a partner and write down any ideas for things
that you could ask. Look at this example:

ReouJ -from -first

ptxcje. "bo Icbot '

how much how often when Refi_cL "fr&m I a i t

-fo - f i a t ?
where which who why

1 do you read magazines?

often/sometimes/neyer • STUDY SKILLS

2 magazine(s) do you read? The activity in б is called brainstorming. The idea is to

3 buys the magazines you read?

Г come up with as many ideas as possible, without stopping
to analyse them. Why is this a good thing to do before
writing? STUDY SKILLS • page 148 1
4 do you spend on magazines a month?

5 do you read magazines? Practice makes perfect

at home/on the bus or train/in waiting rooms/other 7a Look at the task.

6 do you read magazines? • Prepare a questionnaire about newspapers w i t h 6 - 8

to relaxAo learn new diings/qther questions.

7 do you usually read magazines? • Use the questions in 2 and 3 as a model and include
the ideas that you brainstormed in 6.

Put the words in order to make more questions about • Ask different students the questions i n your
magazines. questionnaire.

1 favourite/is/your/which/magazine/?
2 magazines/you/like/what/do/about/? 7 b Write a report about what you discovered f r o m your
questionnaire.
3 reading/long/spend/you/do/how/magazines/day/each/?
4 buy/magazines/you/where/do/? Most people said they bought newspapers but Leo told me
5 read/you/online/do/magazines/? that he only read the sports section of the newspaper. Ava

4
told me she never bought newspapers — she always read
SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Take it in turns to ask and
answer the questions in 2 and 3. other people's.

Unit 9
 L a n g u a g e reference a n d revision
• Grammar reference
Reported speech - statements
Form
When the reporting verb (say, tell) is in the past, the tense of the In reported speech, pronouns and possessive adjectives also
verb in reported speech usually changes, going one tense 'back'. change.

D i r e c t speech - tenses R e p o r t e d speech - tenses

/ like yourjacket.' -» Mary said she liked myjacket.

1 w o r k at home.' Present simple She said she w o r k e d at home. Pastsimple Here are some other words which change from direct to
'I'm w o r k i n g . ' Present continuous She said she w a s w o r k i n g . Past continuous reported speech.

1 have w o r k e d . ' Present perfect She said she h a d w o r k e d . Past perfect

D i r e c t speech R e p o r t e d speech
1 worked.' Pastsimple She said she h a d w o r k e d . Past perfect
this/these these/those
'1 h a d w o r k e d ' Past perfect She said she h a d w o r k e d . Past perfect
here there
' w i l l work.' will She said she w o u l d work, would
today that day
1 can work.' can She said she c o u l d work, could
yesterday the day before
1 m a y work.' may She said she m i g h t work, might
tomorrow the next/following day
1 m u s t / h a v e to work.' must/have to She said she h a d t o work, had to
last night that night

Could, would, should and might do not change from direct to next (week/month/year) the following (week/month/year)

reported speech. last (week/month/year) the previous (week/month/year)

1
— 1
When the reporting verb is in the present simple, the tense of the a (week/month/year) ago
a (week/month/year) before
verb in reported speech usually stays the same.
'/love cycling. -» She says she loves cycling.
Use
When the reporting verb is in the past but the statement is We use reported speech to report the words spoken by another
something which is still true, or is and will always be true, the tense person.
of the verb in reported speech usually stays the same. 'I came, I saw, I conquered,'said Julius Caesar. -» Julius
'I'm from Poland.' -* Monika said she's from Poland. Caesar said that he'd come, he'd seen and he'd conquered.

Reported speech - say and tell

Use
With say you do not need to use a personal object to say who you With tell you must use a personal object to say who you are
are saying something to. saying something to.
He said (...) he wanted to go. He told John he wanted to go.

Reported speech - questions

Form
The same changes occur with tenses, pronouns and other words as Reported questions are not real questions so they do not need
with reported statements. We do not use the auxiliary verb do in question marks.
reported questions.
When there is no question word (who, what, how, why, etc.),
Ъоуои like this newspaper?'•* He asked me if I liked that
we use if or whether.
newspaper.
'Willyou go to the party?'-* They asked me if I wouldjo
There is no inversion of subject and verb in reported questions.
to the party.
'where is he?'-* They asked me where he was.

• Vocabulary
1 Fiction 2 Non-fiction 3 Phrasal verbs connected w i t h reading
comic graphic novel atlas autobiography and w r i t i n g
crime novel fairytale biography cookbook cross out fill in flick through lookup
fantasy historical fiction dictionary encyclopedia read on read out turn over
horror play romance guidebook magazine
science fiction thriller manual newspaper textbook 4 Other words and phrases • page 144-5

120 Unit 9
 • Grammar revision Г
Reported speech - statements

1 Write these sentences in reported speech.

1 'I'm going to a conference next week,' my sister said. 5 There is going to be a concert in this room,' they told the public.
2 Til be late tomorrow,' Daniel told the teacher. 6 'The talk will start at 9 o'clock tomorrow,' they said.
3 'This is my book,' said Holly. 7 'We haven't read any of your books,'the students told the writer.
4 I've always wanted to write stories,' said the novelist. 8 1 wrote the article yesterday,' said the journalist.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 76 ( /8 points)

Reported speech - questions

2 Write these questions in reported speech.

1 'Are you from Manchester?' she asked me. 5 'Will you help me tomorrow?' Sandra's dad asked her.
2 'What time are you going to leave?' Joe asked Jessica. 6 'Did the doctor see Mike yesterday?' Abigail asked her mum.
3 'Why were you crying?' I asked Katie. 7 'Do you know the answer to this question?' our teacher asked us.
4 'Have you read this book?' the teacher asked the students. 8 'How many pages has that book got?' I asked Stephen.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 79 ( /8 points)

• Vocabulary revision
Г Fiction Non-fiction

1 Complete the sentences w i t h the correct words. 2 Which type of book or publication is best in these situations?
1 A story is often about elves, dragons, trolls or 1 You want to find the meaning of a word.
other imaginary creatures. 2 You want to find out about the geography of a country.
2 A is an exciting story about spies, murders
and assassinations. 3 You want to read about the life of a person, in his/her own
words.
3 You can either read a or see it at a theatre.
4 You want to find new ideas for dinner.
4 A is a story about people who fall in love.
5 You want to learn how to use your computer well.
5 A is usually about a prince, a princess or a
6 You're going to Prague and want to know what to visit.
witch.
6 In fiction, the story takes place at a
7 You want to know what's happening in the world at the
particular moment in the past.
moment.
7 A is a type of book which combines
8 You want to revise maths for an exam.
writing and art, like 'manga' for example.
9 You want to find out information about lots of different topics
8 A story should be frightening. to write a quiz.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 74 ( /8 points) W O R K B O O K • p a g e 74 ( /9 points)

Phrasal verbs connected with reading and writing

3 Match the sentence halves.

1 I love this book, I want to read a them out to me in a loud voice.
2 When you finish that page, turn b it out with a big X.
3 You have to fill с over and read the next one.
4 Because the text was difficult, I had to look d through it looking at the pictures.
5 I can't read what he wrote because he crossed e up lots of words.
6 I looked at the magazine quickly. I flicked f in the answers on your sheet.
7 I want to hear your answers so please read g on tonight until I get to the end of it.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 77 ( /7 points)
V

/40 points
0
Unit 9 121
I O C y b e rs
• Vocabulary
Grammar
Vocabulary
Speaking
Writing
• The passive - present simple and other tenses
• Computers and computing • The Internet • Collocations with emai
• Talking about photos
•Text messages

Computers and computing

1 Work w i t h a partner. Match these words w i t h the parts of the computer in the photo.

hard drive keyboard laptop mouse mouse pad

printer screen speaker USB port webcam

2 ф 2.38/9 Listen, check and repeat.

3 Read these sentences. Which w o r d in 1 does each sentence describe?

1 You use it to hear things like music. speaker 6 Y o u u s e j t t 0

9 У r e c o r d i m a e s t h a t о иc a n s e e a n d s e n d o n t h e

Internet.
2 You move it and click on the buttons to do things on a „ ,, . . . . ... . , .
7 It s the part inside a computer which has the information that
computer. ш еcomputer needs to work.
3 It's the part of the computer where you can see words and 8 You use it to make hard copies of documents that you have
. . created on a computer,
pictures. K

9 It's a place on a computer where you can connect a keyboard,

4 You use it to write with a computer. printer camera etc
5 You move the mouse on this. 10 It's a small computer that you can carry with you.

The Internet
4 Read this description by a teenager of how she uses the 6
Here are some other words which are both nouns and
Internet. Underline any words that you don't understand and v e r b s
- C n e c k t h a t
У о и
understand the meaning of the
then look t h e m up in your dictionary. w o r d s
- S a
V t h e w o r d s f i r s t a s a v e r b a n d t h e n a s a n o u n
-

'I've g o t b r o a d b a n d so m y c o n n e c t i o n t o t h e N e t is q u i t e ^ 1 т Р 0 Г
' Р Г
° ^ ^
f a s t . I usually g o o n l i n e in t h e e v e n i n g s , a f t e r I've f i n i s h e d
my h o m e w o r k b u t s o m e t i m e s I use t h e N e t f o r s c h o o l w o r k 7 a SPEAKING Work with a partner. How often do you do these
t o o . T h e f i r s t t h i n g I d o is c h e c k m y e m a i l s . I s u r f t h e N e t a n d <. , . t*. и \i
l o o k a t m y f a v o u r i t e w e b s i t e s . M y f a v o u r i t e search e n g i n e t h m 9
°"
S
° 3 C m p U t e r (
" e V e r
' s o m e t l m e s
< o f t e
< n v e r
* o f t e n ) ?

is G o o g l e . I s o m e t i m e s d o w n l o a d music a n d f i l m s , b u t n o t 1
do schoolwork
o f t e n . I haven't g o t a blog b u t I chat online w i t h my friends.' 2 print documents or photos

5 a PRONUNCIATION Look at these two sentences. Is download a verb 3 u s e a w e D

cam
or a noun in each sentence? Where do we place the stress? 4 go online and surf the Net
1 I want to download this song. 5 send emails
2 The download didn't work. 6 download music or films
7 read or write blogs
5 b Ш 2.40 Listen t o the t w o sentences. Is the pronunciation of
j i J J . • u * i 8
chat online
download the same in each sentence?
9 participate as a member of an online community
5c ф 2.41 Listen again and choose the correct alternative. H MySpace, Facebook)
1 In two-syllable verbs the stress is usually on the first/second syllable. ? b T a k e j t j n t u m s t Q a s k h o w o f t e n y o u d o t h e d j f rent
f e

2 In two-syllable nouns the stress is usually on the first/second syllable. things. Are your answers similar?
A
Unit 1 0
> Reading
1 Work with a partner. Discuss these questions. 2 Read this text about buying essays for school or university
1 How often do you have to write essays or prepare online. Does the text give the:
presentations at school? 1 teachers' side of the argument? Yes/No
2 Do you know any websites where you can buy essays 2 students' side of the argument? Yes/No
written by other people?
3 arguments of the companies that sell online school work? Yes/No
3 What happens in your school if you cheat in an exam or
doing homework? You can answer yes more than once.

Internet cheating
D Millions of pounds are spent each
year on Internet cheating. There are
tens of thousands of websites w h e r e
you can buy essays. W i t h m o s t essay-
w r i t i n g companies, students pay per
w o r d . Sometimes they pay p e r page.
Some companies offer t o w r i t e a special,
personalised essay, but at an extra cost.
You can also pay extra f o r faster essays.
I Barclay L i t t l e w o o d is t h e o w n e r of one
online essay-writing organisation. 3,500
specialists are e m p l o y e d by his company.
They have w r i t t e n m o r e t h a n 15,000 essays
for students. The c o m p a n y made £90,000
in just one w e e k in May. Thanks t o his
company, L i t t l e w o o d
has a Ferrari and a af^*^
Lamborghini in
his garage.
I However, Internet cheating
is n o w an e n o r m o u s p r o b l e m
f o r schools and universities.
One education e x p e r t p r e d i c t e d
t h a t schools w o u l d have t o stop
continuous.assessment and
start d o i n g m o r e exams again.
Universities and schools say t h a t
t h e UK's academic r e p u t a t i o n is
g o i n g d o w n because o f online
essay companies.
U Barclay L i t t l e w o o d , o n t h e
o t h e r hand, says he d o e s n ' t
help s t u d e n t s t o cheat. He says
he simply offers t h e m a guide.
'The essays are a s t a r t i n g p o i n t .
Students use t h e m t o create t h e i r
o w n w o r k . Students analyse o u r
answers and t h e n t h e y w r i t e t h e i r
o w n . We're just s h o w i n g t h e m
h o w t o w r i t e a great essay.'
ШЛ But as one teacher replied:
'The suggestion t h a t these essays
are used by students as " g u i d e s " is
crazy and dishonest. We need t o do
s o m e t h i n g t o stop it.' Many colleges
and universities n o w have software
w h i c h allows teachers t o check if
students are copying f r o m five billion
w e b pages. Many universities have
somebody d o i n g this full-time. 'It's
n o t a question of catching people
and punishing t h e m . It's a question
of helping students t o understand
w h a t education really is. Education
is research and investigation. In the
end, the students w h o are using
these services are just n o t learning
t h e skills they need f o r their studies
or f o r t h e rest of their lives.'

St:

3 Read the text again and choose the best answers. 4 Answer these questions using your o w n words.
1 Why does Barclay Littlewood think online essays are good?
1 The price of a basic online essay usually depends on
2 Why do teachers think online essays are bad?
a who writes it.
b what the subject is. 5 Guess the t y p e of w o r d (noun, verb, adjective, preposition, etc)
с how long it is. and the possible meaning. Then use your dictionary to see if
you were correct.
2 Barclay Littlewood is
1 per preposition - for each.
a a businessman.
2 personalised
b a writer of online essays.
3 owner
с an ex-teacher.
4 continuous assessment
3 An educational specialist thinks that online cheating will
5 starting point
a change the way teachers teach.
6 crazy
b change the way teachers assess students.
7 punishing
с make it easier for students to pass exams.
8 research
4 Barclay Littlewood says
a students shouldn't just give teachers the essay that they buy. • STUDY SKILLS
b he is helping students to copy work. Why is it important and useful to guess difficult words from their
с his objective is to help students get the best marks. context? STUDY SKILLS • page 148

5 The text says that teachers

a have no way of knowing if students are copying essays, 6 SPEAKING What about you?

b are using technology to find people who are cheating, 1 What do you think about buying online essays?
с want to make cheats suffer. 2 Would you ever buy an online essay? Why/Why not?

Unit 10 123
• Grammar in context

3 Put the verbs in the correct form of the present simple passive.
G R A M M A R GUIDE

The passive - present simple

l a Look at these sentences. Which are

active and which are passive?
1 Millions of pounds are spent each
year on Internet cheating.
2 People spend millions of pounds
on Internet cheating.
3 His company employs 3,500
specialists.
4 3,500 specialists are employed by
his company.

1 b Are these statements true (T) or

false (F)?
1 We use the passive when we I/F
are more interested in the
action than in the person who
does it.
2 We use the passive when we T/F
don't know who exactly does
the action.
3 We use the passive when it is T/F
obvious who does the action.

1c Complete the rules. 2 The silicon (refine) 3 The pure silicon

1 To make the present simple passive to be 100% pure. (heat) and (make)
we use + the past into small blocks called ingots.
participle.
2 We use the preposition
to introduce the
agent, the person or thing which
does the action.

GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 132

Complete the sentences w i t h is or are.

1 The Internet used by
approximately 67% of the British
4 The ingots (cut) 5 The wafers (wash)
population.
into thin slices called wafers. in various chemicals and metal
2 Every day approximately 183 billion emails layers (add).
sent around the world.

3 That means more than 2 million emails

sent every second.

4 Email used by around 1.3 billion

people.

5 Some people calculate that 56.4% of web

pages written in English.

6 A new blog created each half-

second of every day.

7 The biggest percentage of Internet users in

the world found in Asia. 6 The wafers (cut) 7 The dies (add)
into smaller pieces called dies. to a cooling plate to form a
micro-processor. They are then
(send) to computer factories.

Unit 10
 • Developing vocabulary
4 Change these sentences from active to passive, or f r o m passive to Collocations with email
active. Include by plus the agent only when necessary.
1 Read the text. The words in italics frequently
1 They make a lot of silicon chips in India.
go w i t h the w o r d email. Which of these words
2 They employ many people in the computer industry. match the icons below?
3 They invent new technology every day.
The other day I tried to (a) send an email to my
4 Most new games consoles are created by Sony and Nintendo.
cousin but it (b) bounced back. The email (c) address
5 Millions of kids play computer games every day. wasn't correct. The problem was that my cousin
6 People do a lot of shopping online nowadays. had recently changed his email (d) account. He'd
7 Some governments control the use of the Internet. sent me a message with his new email address but I
8 You don't need a password to enter this site. had accidentally (e) deleted it, so I didn't have it any
more. I knew that one of my friends had my cousin's
new email address so I sent my original email to my
Wine region
f friend and asked her to (f) forward it to my cousin.
4 Olive Oil The next day I was (g) checking my email and I saw
A Lemons that my cousin had (h) replied to my message.
Bolzano Tomatoes
(Й
Л • Oranges
• Milan
' 7 Pizza
Verona
Turin * Gtass
Parma •
Genoa, V • Plane industry
San Marino Car industry
Pisa* Florence ( • B ' A n c o n a Winter sports
Siena
г " V Rugby
Perugia лЭ?*&

Corsica

Match these definitions w i t h the correct words

in 1.
1 an arrangement you have with an Internet
company to use email account

when an email doesn't go to the person you

send it to and it comes back to you

the letters, numbers and symbols you need to

write to send someone an email

to see if you have any email

to send an email on to somebody.

3 a SPEAKING Think about these questions. Make a

note of your answers.
1 Have you got an email address? If so, do you
5a SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Look at the map of Italy and
know how to say it in English?
answer these questions.
2 Do you have a free email account or do you pay?
1 What things are made there?
3 Who do you send most emails to?
2 What things are exported?
4 How fast do you usually reply to the emails you
3 What fruit and vegetables are grown?
receive?
4 What fruit and vegetables are not grown?
5 How often do you delete the emails you receive?
5 What typical food is eaten?
6 What sports are played? 6 When do you usually check your email?

7 What sports are not played? 7 Have any of your emails ever bounced back? Do
you know why?
Cars are made in Italy. They're made 8 How much spam do you get via email?
in the north, in Turin and Milan.
3 b Work w i t h a partner. Ask and answer the
Sb Now use the questions to help you prepare a presentation about questions.
your country. Give as many details as possible.
3c Now tell another student what you discovered
5c Give your presentation to the class. about your partner.

Unit 10
 N e w t e c h n o l

•~-r

ZM ш—г
Jt it.. I
1

1
„4 J»
жат* виг! I was working in a physics laboratory called CERN. CERN is in Geneva,
Switzerland. At CERN, people study High Energy Physics. That is the
physics of really, really small particles - particles much smaller than
atoms. If you want to investigate really, really small things, you need
enormous machines called accelerators. That's what they have at CERN.

Cross-curricular - Science Well, things were very frustrating in the past. There was different
The i n v e n t o r of t h e World Wide Web information on different computers, but you couldn't get all the
information with just one computer. People at CERN came from
universities all over the world. They brought all types of computers
LISTENING ф2А2 Listen t o a radio with different types of software. Sometimes you had to learn a
programme about Sir Tim Berners- different program for each computer. So I wrote some programs to take
information from one computer system to put it in another system. And
Lee, the inventor of the WWW. Does
then I thought "Can't we connect all these different information systems
the presenter say anything a b o u t . . .
and make just one imaginary information system? Everybody could read
when Berners-Lee was a child? Yes/No the same system." And that became the WWW.
when he was at university? Yes/No
his life now? Yes/No
Actually inventing it was simple. The difficult part was to persuade
ф Listen again and choose the everybody to use the same system. It's incredible that so many people
correct alternative. now use it.
Berners-Lee was born in the south-west of
Well, because it is, basically. I want you to know that you too can make
Berners-Lee likedridingon trains/ new programs which create new, fun ways of using computers and using
the Internet. I want you to know that, if you can imagine a computer
Berners-Lee's first contact with electronic doing something, you can program
gadgets was mo^^modelJMo/. a computer to do that. The only
limit is your imagination. And
making somethingfgr^
a couple of laws of physics.
repairing the TV.
Of course, what happens with
Berners-Lee made а ТУШШ9Ш/ШШШ!.1. computers is that you have a
ШШШШШШШ. when he was at basic, simple idea. Then you have
university. to add things on to it to make
Berners-Lee studied physics at university it work. But all good computer
because Ь.!?1ШдШшШ91ШШШ. programs are simple inside.
than maths/he didn't like maths/his parents
taught physics.

You are going to read some Frequently Asked Questions from the
website of Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide
Web. Match the questions w i t h answers 1-4 in the text.
Was it easy to invent the WWW?
Where were you when you invented the WWW?
Why do you always say everything is simple?
What made you think of the WWW?

126 Unit 10
\
4 Read the text again and answer the questions.
1 What is high energy physics?
2 What is an accelerator?
3 Why did people have to learn different programs for
different computers at CERN?
4 What was Sir Tim Berners-Lee's solution to the
problem with computers at CERN?
5 What was the hardest part about making the World
Wide Web work?
6 How can you create a new computer program, in
Berners-Lee's opinion?
Eight facts a b o u t . . . Silicon Valley
5 What about you?
1 How important are the Internet and the World Wide 1 Silicon Valley is in North California, USA, near San Francisco
Web for you? Why? 2
The name Silicon Valley is used to describe a geographica
2 What information about the inventor of the World area (its real name is the Santa Clara Valley), but also to
Wide Web did you find interesting? describe all the high-tech companies in this area. Many of
these companies originally designed and made silicon chips.
I think the Internet is really 3 2.43 million people live in Silicon Valley.
important for me. Why? 4 3 8 % of the population of Silicon Valley was born outside the
USA. These people are usually top engineers and scientists
It's very useful for who have gone there to work.
finding information for
schoolwork, for example. 5 There are 16 different cities in Silicon Valley. The biggest is
San Jose. It is called the capital of Silicon Valley.
6 The area has had a great reputation for new ideas and
technology. Many rich businessmen have gone there to
Cross-curricular - Geography invest money in new projects, especially in computers and
the Internet.
Silicon Valley
7 Many engineers and scientists went to live in Silicon Valley
because there was a lot of space and prices were relatively
6 Work w i t h a partner. Do you know anything about
cheap. Now it is one of the most expensive places in the USA
Silicon Valley? Make a list w i t h ideas.
to buy a house.
kVe think it's in California, USA.
8 Silicon Valley is the home of Apple, eBay, Google, Yahoo!, HP,
7 Read the facts about Silicon Valley. Did any of your Intel and many other world-famous computer and Internet
ideas in 6 appear? Were your ideas correct? businesses

8 Read the facts again and classify the information into

these categories. Some numbers can go in more t h a n
one category.
SILICOK] VALLeV
1 M o o j did i-t qe-t i-ts name?
Geography Population Economy/Industry Other
2 и к э ojorks -there?
1
3 Moco YtxaCM didldoes i± CoS-t
9 Complete the notes.
-to live -there?
10 What about you?
4 bJhere is i-t?
Would you like to live or work in Silicon Valley? Why/Why not?
5 Uhcx-t is -the correct name

£or i-ts \oco\-tiov\?

I'd like to go there because I'm ь bJhu\ is i-t Ccmous?
really interested in computers.

I'd prefer to go
to San Francisco.
 • Grammar in context

G R A M M A R GUIDE

The passive - other tenses 1

l a Look at these passive sentences. Match them with

the correct tenses (a-c).
1 It was started in 2001.
2 Hundreds of articles are being added every day.
3 Articles have been written by hundreds of thousands
of people.

a present continuous passive

b present perfect passive
с past simple passive

l b To change the tense in a passive sentence, do we

change the verb be or the past participle?

GRAMMAR REFERENCE • page 132

2 Change these sentences from active to passive.

1 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Can you answer these 1 Wikipedia has transformed traditional encyclopedias.
questions? If you don't know the answers, guess!
1 What is Wikipedia?
2 Who is Wikipedia written by?
3 How many languages does Wikipedia appear in? 2 Sir Tim Berners-Lee didn't start Wikipedia.

2 LISTENING 2.43 Listen to a radio programme about

Wikipedia and check your answers in 1.

3 @ Look at this text about Wikipedia. It contains six 3 They are changing Wikipedia articles at this moment.

mistakes. Listen again to the radio programme and f i n d

the mistakes.
Wikipedia is the fifth most popular website in the world. It
was started in 2001 by two Australians but it isn't written 4 Normal people have written most of the articles for
Wikipedia.
by them. Their first encyclopedia was an incredible success.
Then the website became a 'wiki', a website that visitors can
change and add information to. Approximately 170 articles
are being added every day. 'Wiki wiki' is an African expression
5 'Vandals' have ruined some Wikipedia articles.
which means 'quick', and one of the reasons that Wikipedia
is so popular is that articles can change guickly when things
change in the world. Wikipedia has offices in many countries,
including Poland. One of the five most popular editions of
6 A 14-year-old boy from Puerto Rico is checking many
Wikipedia is the Polish edition.
Wikipedia texts.

4 SPEAKING What about you?

1 Do you ever use Wikipedia? When and what for?
2 Would you like to write an article for Wikipedia? What
would you write about? 7 A famous scientist wrote an article in 2007.

I sometimes use Wikipedia

for projects at school.

8 A lot of students have used Wikipedia.

Me too. I usually use it to find
out about famous people,
especially for history classes.
 5 a SPEAKING Look at these trivia questions. Do you know
• EXAM SUCCESS
the answers?
The next exercise is a cloze activity. You have a text
with gaps, but they do not give you words to fill in
the gaps. How do you decide which word is missing?
EXAM SUCCESS • page 153

3 Complete the text by filling in each space w i t h one

word.

Second Life is a virtual world. It (a) was, created

in 2003 by a company called Linden Lab. Some people
call it the future of entertainment, social interaction
and business. In fact, business (b)
important in Second Life because you can buy and
sell almost anything. People (c)
for things with Linden dollars. You can buy Linden
dollars with real US dollars. In September 2006 a
(d) of money (e)
spent in Second Life ($6.6ml), mostly on designer
clothes. Officially there (f) more
than two million residents in Second Life at the
moment but many of these residents are not active.
People under 18 can't join Second Life because
you (g) be 18. So now a place
called Teen Second Life has (h)
created (i) Linden Lab for
young people (j) 13 to 17.

4 Write questions in the passive for these answers.

1 who was SecondLife createdby?

Second Life was created by Linden Lab.

The first Nobel Prize was given in 1901.

A supercomputer is being created by the University of

California.

The DS Lite™ is made by Nintendo™

Wikipedia has been used by millions of people.

The first computer mouse was made in 1964. 5 b Work w i t h a partner. Write five trivia questions in the passive. You
must know the answers to all your questions.

5c Join another pair and ask t h e m your questions. Who gets the
Brave New World was written by Aldous Huxley. most correct answers?

Unit 10
 eveloping speaking Talking about photos

1 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Each choose a different photo. Make notes for what you can
say about your photo. Use these questions for ideas: Who? What? Why? Where? When? Take
In the second photo I can see a
it in turns to say what you can see in your photo. Speak for t w o or three minutes.
group of people in a cafe. They
are talking and laughing...

2 SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Imagine the photos are

• STUDY SKILLS
from a speaking exam and that you are the examiners.
What questions would you ask about photo b? Make a list. What is the best way to improve your speaking?

Where are the people in this photo? г STUDY SKILLS • p a g e 148

3 LISTENING ® 2.44 Listen to a student talking about photo с in an exam. Do they ask any of your questions? Do you think the
student does the exam well or not? Why?

4 ф Listen again. Tick the expressions in the Speaking Bank

that you hear. Why are these expressions useful t o talk
about photos and pictures?

• Speaking Bank

Useful expressions f o r s p e c u l a t i o n
Practice makes perfect
• • I think... • I'm not sure, but I think t h a t . . .
5 a SPEAKING Work w i t h a partner. Look at photos с and d
• It looks as if... • It looks like ...
above and each choose a different photo. Make notes to
•I • I imagine t h a t . . . • It may/might/could be ...
describe your photo.
Щ • It's not clear if... • They're probably ...
5 b Prepare questions to ask about your partner's photo and
then take turns t o ask and answer questions.
• E X A M SUCCESS
Г In conversations based on photos, what should you do if Who is in this photo?
you aren't 100% sure of what you can see in the photos(s)?
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 153
1 It looks as if they are a group of
students in a computer class.
 4 Read the information in the Writing Bank. What do you
think the complete words are?

• Writing Bank

w t o w r i t e t e x t messages
We often use abbreviations instead of writing the
complete word.
To make abbreviations, we sometimes take away
vowels from the word (e.g. PLS = please) or we
replace words with symbols (e.g. @ = at) or numbers
(e.g. L8R = later).
Here are some more common examples:
Match the words and the abbreviations used in text messages. В BCZ L8 MSG SPK THX
2 DAY 2MORO WKND XLNT HMWK
1 are a 2nite
b 2 Remember! It is not correct to use these abbreviations
2 at
in other types of writing like essays, formal letters, etc.
3 before с YR
d L8R We can also use emoticons like © or © in text
4 great
messages to show emotions.
5 later e @
6 please f С
7 see g PLS
Use abbreviations to make these text messages shorter.
8 to/too h U
9 tonight i WOT 1 What are you doing at the weekend?

10 what R WOTR U doing @ the WKNb?

11 you к B4
2 Thanks for helping me with my homework.
12 your I GR8

Read these five text messages. What order were they sent in? 3 Can you come tomorrow to fix my computer?

4 You should be happy because your exam results are

excellent.

5 Don't forget to send me a message later tonight.

6 I want to see you and Peter before I speak to the teacher

tomorrow.

Practice makes perfect

6 a Look at this task and write a text message. Use

abbreviations and the Writing Bank to help you.

You need to use the Internet

tomorrow to do a piece of work for
school, but your connection at home
doesn't work. Write a text message to
1 b
a friend asking i f you can go to their

Write out the text messages in 2 as full sentences. Use the

house tomorrow to use the Net.
information in 1 to help you.

a QK. See you at 8. N 6 b Now give your message to your partner and write a
reply to their message. Keep sending messages until
b
you both know exactly w h e n , where and why you are
meeting and what you can do later.

Unit 10
 L a n g u a g e reference a n d revision
• Grammar reference
The passive
Form - Affirmative/Negative

Tense Subject Be Past participle (by + agent)

Silicon is used to make computer chips.
Present simple Olive oil is produced by Italian farmers.
Computers are made in China.
This game is being played by millions of people.
Present continuous Essays are being written by Internet companies.
Billions of emails are being sent every day.
Teen Second Life hasn't been created by Wikipedia.
Present perfect Many things have been invented by women.
Wikipedia articles have been ruined by vandals.
The Internet wasn't invented in 1930.
Past simple The last World Cup was played in South Africa.
A lot of songs were written by George Gershwin.

We make the passive with the appropriate tense and form of the verb be and the past participle of the verb.
We use the preposition by to introduce the person or thing which does the action.

Form - Questions

Tense Be Subject Past participle (by + agent)

Present simple Are computers made in the USA?
Present continuous Is this game being played by millions of people.
Present perfect Has a new console been created?
Past simple Was that film made in 1986?

To make object questions in the passive, we put the first auxiliary verb before the subject.

Use
We use t h e passive w h e n :
1 we are more interested in the action than the people who do the action.
The new hospital was opened yesterday.

2 we do not know exactly who does the action.

My hag has been stolen.

3 it is obvious or understood who did the action.

The criminal was arrested at 5.30pm.

щ • Vocabulary 1
1 Computers and computing 2 The Internet 3 Collocations with email
hard drive keyboard blog broadband bounce back check email delete an email
laptop mouse chat online connection email account email address forward an email
mouse pad printer download online reply to an email send an email
screen speaker search engine
USB port webcam surf the Net website
4 Other words and phrases • page 145

132 unit 10
• Grammar revision
The passive - present simple 7

1 Write sentences in the present simple passive.

1 Computers/use/everywhere. 5 Portuguese/speak/in Brazil.

2 Chocolate eggs/eat/at Easter in the UK. 6 Fish/not sell/at the butcher's.

3 Christmas/celebrate/in many countries. 7 Cars/make/by robots in this factory.

4 Shoes/not wear/in mosgues. 8 This programme/watch/by thousands of people.

WORKBOOK • p a g e 8 4 ( /8 points)

The passive - other tenses

2 Each sentence contains a mistake. Find the mistake and rewrite the sentence correctly.

1 The song Blue Suede Shoes was sang by Elvis Presley.
2 The Lord of the Rings is written by J.R.R. Tolkien between 1937
and 1949.
3 London is visited for hundreds of people every day.
4 The radio invented Marconi.
5 Many products made in China nowadays.
WORKBOOK • p a g e 8 7
6 Yesterday the eclipse was saw by many people around the world.
7 Oh no! His car has stolen.
8 My friend have been given a computer for her birthday.
9 The dog was been hit by a car yesterday.
10 New types of computers are being invent right now.
( /10 points)

• Vocabulary revision
Computers and computing

1 Match to make words or phrases. 2 Write the correct names next t o these objects.
1 hard a port
2 key b pad
3 USB с top
4 down d cam
5 lap e load 4
6 web f drive
7 mouse g board
WORKBOOK • p a g e 82 ( /10 points)

The Internet Collocations with email

3 Read the definitions. What are the words? 4 Complete the sentences w i t h six of these words.
1 look at various places on the Net one after another
account address bounce check
r_
delete forward reply send
2 a computer program used for looking
for information on the Internet 1 When somebody sends you an email you should to it
r g quite quickly.
3 a type of diary on a website that changes regularly 2 When somebody sends you an email that you want to send to another
person, you it.
4 connected to the Internet о 3 When you don't want to keep an email, you it.
5 move information to your computer from the
4 When emails don't go to the correct address they back.
Internet _ _ w
5 My email is fredbloggs@bloggs.co.uk.
6 a type of connection to the Internet that allows
you to receive or send a lot of information very 6 The first thing I do when I go online is to my email to see
guickly b if any new ones have arrived.
WORKBOOK • p a g e 82 ( /6 points) W O R K B O O K • p a g e 85 ( /6 points)
—,—

/40 points
D133
• G a t e w a y to exams Units 9 - / 0

• Reading
• Tip for Reading Exams
In reading activities where you complete a text with missing
sentences, remember...
When you finish, check the activity by reading the text with
1
your answers in the correct place. Do the sentences go
together logically? Do words like this or it make sense?
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152

W o r k w i t h a partner. D i s c u s s t h e s e q u e s t i o n s .
3 P u t t h e s e s e n t e n c e s in t h e c o r r e c t place in the text.
1 H o w often d o y o u r e a d n o v e l s ? T h e r e is o n e e x t r a s e n t e n c e t h a t y o u d o not n e e d .
2 D o y o u like r e a d i n g n o v e l s ? W h y / W h y n o t ? A O n e interesting t h i n g a b o u t this n e w f a s h i o n is
that readers want new, original novels.
3 H o w often d o y o u r e a d text m e s s a g e s ?
В People often say that teenagers and young adults
4 W h a t t y p e of text m e s s a g e s d o y o u r e c e i v e ? don't read.

R e a d t h e text quickly. W h a t is t h e c o n n e c t i o n С S o m e Japanese teachers aren't happy about the

b e t w e e n n o v e l s a n d m o b i l e p h o n e s in t h e t e x t ?
1
Maybe that situation is going to change soon. It's already
changed in Japan, where thousands and thousands of
people are reading. The only thing is that they aren't
s u c c e s s of mobile-phone novels.
D In J a p a n , it's c o m m o n to download and read books
on your mobile phone.
E T h e difficult part of writing a mobile-phone novel is
that each episode or chapter has to be short.
4 R e a d t h e t e x t a g a i n a n d c h o o s e t h e best a n s w e r s .

reading books, they're reading mobile-phone novels. They 1 In the text it says that one day in the future
are older teenagers and young adults, the first generation A young Japanese people are going to read
to spend their childhood with email. mobile-phone novels.
В young Japanese people are going to read
traditional books.
С people in other countries may read more
Some authors' novels are downloaded 260,000 times a
mobile-phone novels.
day. A lot of the people downloading these novels never
buy traditional books, maybe because books are too big for 2 O n e reason w h y these mobile-phone novels are
popular may be because
their bags or pockets. And another advantage of mobile-
A you can carry t h e m and read them easily in
phone novels is that you can read them in the dark! different situations.
В traditional books are boring.
3
С you c a n receive t h e m by email.
Some publishers have made mobile-phone versions of old,
3 Classic novels
well-known novels but these haven't been as successful as
A have never b e c o m e mobile-phone novels.
new stories. The most popular types of books are thrillers В will never b e c o m e mobile-phone novels.
and romance. Some of the most popular mobile-phone С aren't very popular mobile-phone novels.
novels have been made into traditional books. One of these
4 Mobile-phone novels
books, by a writer called Yoshi, sold a million copies. Now A have been changed into other types of
it is being made into a film. Other mobile-phone novels entertainment.
have also been turned into TV series, films or manga В are only popular with a small part of the
comics. population.
С are similar to c o m i c s and films.
4
5 Yoshi
But Yoshi found it easy and it helped him to write in an A didn't like writing short paragraphs.
exciting, fast, natural way. He also used modern technology В found out what his readers thought of his
in a different way. Readers sent him emails with their story while he w a s writing it.
С couldn't write quickly because he didn't have
opinions and ideas and Yoshi used some of these ideas in
ideas.
future chapters. There was real interaction between the
readers and writer. 5 W h a t a b o u t you?

W o u l d y o u like to r e a d a m o b i l e - p h o n e novel?
W h y / W h y not?

134
 г
• Listening • Speaking
• Tip f o r L i s t e n i n g E x a m s • Tip for Speaking Exams

In listening activities where you complete notes, remember...
Read the notes before you listen and predict what type of
word (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) goes in each space
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 152
1 using language like I'm not sure but I think, It may/might/could
6 ® 2 . 4 5 Listen to a p r o g r a m m e w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t
the history of S M S text m e s s a g e s a n d c o m p l e t e t h e
notes.
In conversations based on photos, remember...
If you aren't 100% sure of what you can see, speculate by
be, It looks like... E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 153
1
8 L o o k at this p h o t o for a f e w m i n u t e s a n d think of
t h i n g s y o u c a n s a y a b o u t it. M a k e n o t e s if y o u w a n t ,
but d o not w r i t e c o m p l e t e s e n t e n c e s .

T h e first S M S w a s s e n t in (1) . SMS

m e a n s (2) . A n S M S text c a n only
have (3) c h a r a c t e r s , or letters, f r o m
the R o m a n a l p h a b e t . T h e first S M S w a s s e n t by a
m a n w h o w a s w o r k i n g for V o d a f o n e . H e sent it to
(4) . T h e first e v e r S M S m e s s a g e
w a s '(5) '. A t first y o u c o u l d n ' t s e n d
S M S m e s s a g e s to p e o p l e w h o w e r e w i t h a
(6) (7) made S M S texts
p o p u l a r b e c a u s e it w a s (8) to s e n d a
m e s s a g e t h a n to m a k e a p h o n e call. 9 W o r k w i t h a partner. D e s c r i b e t h e p h o t o a n d t h e n
discuss these two questions.

W h a t a r e t h e g o o d t h i n g s a b o u t b u y i n g in a s h o p like
• Use of English this?

Is it b e t t e r to s h o p o n l i n e ? W h y / W h y n o t ?
• Tip f o r Use of E n g l i s h E x a m s

In activities where you have to complete gaps in a text,

remember...
• 'Can Do' Progress Check
Look carefully at the words just before and after the gap. Do
these words need a special preposition or an article or an Г 1 How well can you do these things in English now?
auxiliary verb, for example? Give yourself a mark f r o m 1 to 4.
E X A M SUCCESS • p a g e 153
1 = I can do it very well.
2 = I can do it quite well.
C o m p l e t e t h e text a b o u t t h e m a g a z i n e National
3 = I have some problems.
Geographic. U s e o n e w o r d in e a c h g a p .
4 = I can't do it.

Every year their magazines and T V programmes (1) I can report what other people have said or asked
using reported speech.

read and watched by millions of people around the world.
The National Geographic Society began in 1888 w i t h just
a few members and now it is one of the largest scientific
and educational organisations (2) the world. It was
created (3) a group of 33 teachers, explorers, and
businessmen (4) 13 January 1888 in Washington.
D C . They met to talk about their interest in geography.
Later that year the first edition of the National
magazine was published. The articles and reports were
•
I can talk about books and reading.
I can identify information in an interview about
books and films.
I can ask for things in a bookshop.
•
I can write a questionnaire about magazines and
newspapers.
I can describe different stages of a process using
different forms of the passive.
Geographic- I can talk about computers and the Internet.
I can identify information in a newspaper article

•
(5) by professors but they weren't very interesting about the Internet.
I can describe and make speculations about photos.
for people (6) weren't experts in geography. But
I can write a simple text message.
then (7) magazine became easier to read and
included more and more photos, especially in colour. Some Now decide what you need to do t o improve.
amazing photos have (8) printed i n the magazine 1 Look again at my book/notes.

from all corners of the planet. So i f one day you need to 2 Do more practice exercises. •=> WORKBOOK pages 74-91

(9) up some information about geography for a 3 Other:

school project, why not start by picking up a copy o f the

National Geographic'?

135