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    Людмила Примачук
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    45 views68 pages

    Anna Krauze Sekretue Shitya

    Uploaded by

    Людмила Примачук

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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OCHOBNO! empoiion AoBannmor 6yKaM, na pmo: N 2a wn Ne 26 7. a Boi pesarot yuasannoe xomnvecr#o Eparaemir asixposion, 0. yRaROH from mannan cxnenbaror We H OBE yor eamnyio wenbHyi HuEKPOmKY. Topol niin weprexa seMpORKH snannaaioren c1peNKOH m_ KOMIK So, nepecimman sty Aerane nO yrosonne nmin, vee enenyer Rpoannre no npamok ka coor ‘crayiouyee KenAecTa9 Em, KOTOpOS yretano y erpenwn Panom c mogensio x manerieni (poricann ywaaonel Madani eraneh, nanpwnep: NO {— crn wa; NO 2—nepen, N2 3-— sopor- wi Te Ry Een nepen WOMEpOM tmovoren Gyan A,B. Bem Ty oropom Kean Pagom e aewnnn pasmepa pacren o6pa2eu Anni, KOTOpOR Nevepuensi KOKTYpHoUIKpOuH ‘anwow mone nm. Korna. na. awcre nena, coorsete’ Semposwor, fo, ARR narnAanoctn ‘ee xowrypas mono YounnTy Weer im apannawon. Mus Tlepain—crenst wa cron Oneano, na wero wnanyr ByMary pacnonaraior na Hei mcr © Name Seno aeranvio muixporin. Sarem ino" mininn esixporinn eNO NpO- Krone Gynaewon Haw npunennor peseu, Bropol cnocob— we nnet scpovinos xnoayr KameRY ¥ Noctr na nee HeaGxonNmyo ReTaN® itengpobier (pre. 4). B enoTopex wypHenax MOR eran orgenn# AworeR OTAEMHO, type ovpenon. Bnetan cnynn — sono xpoimy € mypnane MOR Him Re wreahectomrennno, neoGroatne mete sepremwcex Aeranch pon » ormenune fleranm oxen, "Eropes.maweconst He stporne, Sénoeremno enoayor nepechare fewe pea (pve. 5). nn roro sobs foram nerve n Towwee MOMS 6b fo \necnomovente na Tah, He A Tons” womposnor nonnist Gute OF ceponwan manna xone8— fete, apresen sore 3v0. Wn mayen’ napannensno KPONKG, NOMFOTOBKA TKAHH K PACKPOIO UroGs nema nocne Ameri now ermpion we cong, THON cneayetoOpe6orar» 3apa! Leperanyio rears © wanannn npo- hepmeanor vepea snanyio ornapry, koropyie. aarem yOuparor, 4 npo- Rommaror yrromwne 0. nonnoro rn Ana toro sro6s He ieponnn, yriomar 0 fronewon mi Wenxosyic TkaH» sasopaunsaror 80 enarkiyio TKAHY 4, HEMHOFO NO- FoRa, npoyTionmaaloT ee cMSHANKEH. Cunkiee scero cagurca xnon- waro6ymaKnas TKaMb, NOZTOMY aamaunneior 8 tennok none, npocywwneaior 4, ewe cnerKa ana tok, yriomar, Avanoraano noaro- Tasnusaior npoKnagKn. PHCYHOK TKAHK Mlepea packnanKoh aeraneis sumpolinn Ha Tian cnepyer Bbinc- tote ee ocoennocr, Sowacryio wa WaBHONMX —TKAHAX —PHCYHOK pacnonaraetca 8 oaHom Hanpas- Tenn H 210 cneayer onpenente 2apaiee. Orsopasmeaior onmn Kpai No ropmaonTann cnomeHNoro no- noma # onpenensior pacnononce- we PHoyHKa — 8 oAKOM MnH B pas Wx hanpasnensax. B Aakwom caywae pMcyHOK Wa WaHN Pacnono>KeH 8 OAHOM Ha Npannennn, ostomy AeTaNK KPOR Ha Wem Aomens! pacnonaratecs TOMmKO 8 OAKOM HaNpaBNeHHH, B: Gypar HenGonee noAxoARUINi pa ype pucynna (prc. 6). Een pHcyHoK Ha TkaHK pacno- ‘omen 9 OGonx Hanpannennax oAN- WaKOB0, TO 4 AeTANH KPOR MOKHO pacnonarars 6 paansix Kanpaanen- ax_(puc. 7). can anementol pacyHita SpKO obI- Pamennnie nnn KPyNKMIe, TO ACTasA skiKpofnn cnenyeT pacnonomnre 19K, HTOGH! anemeHTo! PrcyHKa cor nann, @ He pacnonarannce Wa pas- Hix yponax (Hc, 8), FMAQKOKPAWEHHBIE TKAHH Cneayer nposepars » rnaaKo- kpaueniile reann, Ecn user 4 OT ma 8 O60Kx Hanpaanensx OANA Mos, TO ACTON KONO packnaAKl- sent 9 pasha wanpasnenieax (pxc. 9). 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Trann © HeCHMMETpHUNOR NonOC- ow cnepaa cneayer paanowrrs aK, 706s 06a chos marepmane cosnanant no wnpune mw WBery nonce, H nue save pacronarare a wei aerann soixpotwn (pre. 17). nPOKNARKK Aan cosnanna vanenns weo6xo- AuMbl 4 pasnble AONonKATenHNIe Enyaox M Apyroh onemaut 8° Kevectse NpoKnagKn npHMeHRIOT gnusennn (pnc. 18) nw xnonaroByman- Hy!0 TkaH, ans sepxner onemasi— Goprosny (pyc. 19). PACKPOW THAHEIh Ao Toro KaK npnerynnTe « pac- knapxe, TeaHe cneayer oryTiowonTt He aa6yaste nposepure Kavecreo Tea 4 Temnepatypy yriora, cha Yana nonpebyire ero He yronke Thanh, MMwh yYGeanauncs, To Tkae We npwnknaer, npycrynaire k paGore Hag acer Tkaxwio. Nepea NpsMO nh OBpeseHe! ee KOHUE! No Ron@pewnol HTH, 370 NpoBepsOT, My OAHY #3 NONepeMHuIX HH Tipk Heo6xoanmoctn, maUii Koc yaanior (puc. 20). Ecnm no Yyrnam TkaHH He OBpaaytorcs nps- kpas. Ha acex neranax sbiKporikn orme- NajoT mecTa crn6a TKAHK » Hanpas- nena nonesoi HurH. Ecnn npen- cront paborars ¢ nonocaroa TRAHDI, TO Ha AeTANsX BbIKpoFKH ormevaior # Hanpamnenne nonoc. Packnagsiaan jerann asiKporKH we yaecte, 10 Hanpasnenne Aoneson HTH HONK Wo Pacnonaratecs Ha OAMHAKOBOM PACCTORMHH OY KPOMKH HMM mecTa crnba (pac, 21), Mepea packnanKok neraneh sbinporiKh yGexaaiorcs 8 ocobeH- ocr sx TraHM. Ee cxnaabisaior Tax, Nro6M coanank KpOMIn, H YEE aroren, pacnonaraiores 1m Ae 8 OAHOM HnH 8 paaHibix Hanpasne- husx, 60 Aonywenniie oWnEKH Inpm Packpoe ycrpaHHTs HesOIMON- Ho. Hanpamep, ecnn Kamewen no- ne 106K" wan nnares Ges wa cnepeax nm csaaK, To cneayer CHOMATH TRAD KPOMKOR Ha KPOM- KY NO HaMeYeHHOR WHPHHE AeTaNH. Crawana paameuiaror Kpynit ReTasM SeIKPOFKH, TO ecTE NO Me Tam crn6aTKanH —pacnonaraior CPeAHNe nHNKK NepeAa KnK CHHHKK, tann. He cneayer saGvinars, x0 Mp oAHOCTOpOHHEN HenpaBnennn Bicyhke Bce qerank BbiKpOFKH AOMMHs! pacnonaratkcR ToMKO & ‘OAHOM Hanpannennn (pyc. 2: ‘Ware y3kaR, TO ee cKnoAb aK, 706s! cosnann KPOMKM HabaK- KOH e8epx, » onny 38 apyro} pac- Wagsinaior nevann. Ha TwaKW CHO- Mana cneayer pacnonomurh sce BeTanh ssixpokinn, saxpennrs vx Gynaskann, cyxnm oTTowennein Mbinom oNeprHTe KOMTYpEI AeA A NPAMYCKO Ma Wabl, HH pACTYNNTS K PacKpOIO mi Bonee yaoGnei nbiKpomKn co lubamn Ha cnitnKe, Tax KaK eran MOMMO pacnononeTe 9 pasviix nanpasnennax (pune. 23). Een a Packnanke He yknaqueacrcn ocx aononnaror yoTopwie sepanee Hamevenut ann toro. Tlonocarvie # kneruarsie reawn ‘eknagusaior Tax, 4T0Gs! nonocei 10 UHpHHE H UBeTy 8 OGonx cnomx cosnaaann. O62 chon TKaHh dpaK- ‘ipyior Gyneexann mmws sarem pvcrynaior K packnenKe Aevaneh “manor. Ha npegcrasnennom o6paaue (puc. 24) nonoce cHmmerpHunit peTaNK BLIKpOHKH MOMHO pacno- narare & pasMbix HanpaBneHHax, Tale 0 Kpasm AoGHEAAce cos ReneHna UMpHHEE UBeTHEEX nonoC, Chawana ormepmior nonocu no OANOH peTann aMKporKN, saTeM Cknapeisaior o6e gerank panom, ‘OTmesaior abicoTy Nonoc Ha Apron 4 amu saTem pacnonaraior aeTank aK, wTO6si OTMEWeHHEIe onoCH cosnank c nonocamy Ha TKAHH. Avanornuno nocrynaior Hc TKAHBIO B HECHMMETPAYHYIO nonoC— KY, TORbKO B AaHHOM cayyae He o6xon¥mo Gonbsuee KOnHuecTEO marepnana (pyc. 25). Ecnh 8 HamevenHok monenk 43 nonocatoH tKaKH npeanonaraerca BTaYHOR pykaB, TO cneayer yuectt NTO nonocs! AoMKHM cosnanaTs Ne TonkKo no GoKam x paspesam, MO H NonOce Ha Ainewax € nonoca- MMH nO oKaTy pykama, Store Robi naiorcn Takum — pacnonomennem Retaneh BuKpOAKs, pH KOTOPOM oars! pynasos ¥ pole Ha no AOMKaX “HaXORATCR Ha OAMOK AM wu (pac. 26). Ecmm 8 monenn 3 nonocarok TKAHH Npeanonarserca eno4Ka, To ‘TKaNE CKNAALIBAIOT MMYeBbIMH CrO- cosnant wMpHna HUB Gynaskamn duKcupyior 062 cnos. Ormeuator Ha aerann suixpolikn Hanpasnenwe nonoc ¥ Pacnonaraior ee Tak, vro6si Kanpa enHe NoNoC He BLIKPORKE coBna- nO € HanpaBAeHKeM NONOC Ha TKANM, Brikpoenibie petann crayweaior no cpeael nnnnn, Tem cambin AO- Gusaace enowKn NO nhHKN paape- 3a (pyc. 27). He peomenayerca Kponre. Kan AYO AeTaNe B orAeNsHOCTA, TAK ax 8 Tom cayvae TpyAHO goGnT 8 comnanensia nonoe. Tiposepennsie aerann sxueposin oT Ha TRAM, ckpentasiOT AH CYKHA MBINOM (@ HE KapanAawiom wih yBeTHRin meNOM) WOHOCAT Wx KONTYBI Ha TRAM. Aerann xpost, no6aenan np AYCKH He WBbI: AAA MPO, Bbipera ropnosunsi ¥ oxara pykaga — 1 cu, He GoKoswe 4 nnevesbie Wasi — 2—3 ci, No HiOKHEMY cpesy —4 cm, Ans noaronkn —2—3 cx, Tpunyc- iH Ha Unb MeRaTeNbHO HaHectH Ha THON 10 CHETDIBAHNE HSQENHA NEPEHOC AIMHHA AETANEA BbIKPORKK Ecnm wenonwayerea _npocras WeckonbaKan xnonwaroBy mannan TkaKb H MOAeRb HE CROMHA, TO KoNTYp AeTaNn BLIKPORKH cKpen- aor 6ynanKamn H nepepyconni noir Ma MAOKHM Co TKAMH (pc. 28). eye maint monenAs, Orne rpe- yyerca Gonee seransian npopa- Sora, xonsporanenune cronca- ax Hanocar Ha 06a chos marepmand kontypst Aerann svixporinn. Koraa kontyp npowmr, 068 cmos TKaHH orgensior apyr ot apyra, Harare an Cre>KKH, H NPOTAKH No cepe- ‘Anne axxypaTHo paapeaator. TaKnm ‘o6pasom Ha NKYeHOK crOpone TKa- HH HEGOBUIMIAN KOHUMKAMH HHTOK HaNecen KONTYp AeTaNH BbIKPORKH {pxc. 29). Hurko i ormeugior ace cpeanne annnn (pc. 49) auKy emeTeIBatoT nO Nanpas~ nennio oT camoro yaKoro mecTa x Gonee wmMpoKamy, a Ha MawHHe craunaor 8 o6parHom Manpanne- nn (pac. 30). HAMETDIBAHME KOKETOK Ecnn no monens npeaycmorpena koxeTKa, TO ee HaMe manennn W Ha Knoayt KoKeTKY nAyesok cropoHo fauna € TaKMN paceTom, HOH! cOB- ann AMHAM KPOR, CpeANAR MAHA 4 npoiimus. flo konmposansnomy Crewoxy MHKK KPOR HKCHPYIOT Gynanxamn m craumoaior (prc. 31). Kpyrayio woKerky co c6oprans auinoniaior cneayiow\nm o6Pa20m: ng npymepo Ha pacctosnn 0,2 em or Konmposansnoro crenna wags (no CIOpOHaM eTpOUKH) poumearoy Kpyniehinn cTenckann ne mawnne, OcnaBnmor sepxsior fre mawnes, a OGe HHOKHNE HATH nararanaior M pasHomepHo pacnpe- nennior c6opkn (puc. 32). Tlo sneunemy cpeay KoKereH, Kk KoTOpomy MaMeMenO KpeniTD co6pannvit nig, KonApovaneisinn rencanm puKENPYIOT NOROTHY THK npunyen Ha WOR NpHyTIO‘KHBAIOT eo, pH 21om npowepan cHmmer- pusniocrs Reranek. Tipnrovosnenyio KoKerny 6y- naskamn KpensT Ha AMyeByio cro- pony coBpanwioro napa Mc HaHaN- fon Hamerbipator (pyc. 33). nonsort Toa6opr mono abixponte smec- 18 € NONOWKAMM NM NPHUATH OF- hemio, Ecnk ana monens ai6pana MarKaR ThaHs, TO noAGPT Kena Teno npopySnposars cnoem Groene WAM —NpOKNBAKOM wa xnonvaro6ymancnon ann, DYO ONRIOT TAK: HA HAKBHKY HaMeTEI or npoKnanKy (puc. 34), 2aTem nepern6aior “noabopr, npmKanbi- or ero HNO OBoKm Kpasm Aer fo aamevuimaior. Cnavana 2ame saiot y 2acremin, 2aTem — enone noa6opra. Ecnh x Konuy aactenkn nameveno KpeniTe ro6Ky, To nnaHKn BACTENOKN HaKNaALIBaIOT APyr Ha pyFa Tak, WTOEE! OHH CoBnanK NO Tnhinn, CKARBIBAIOT H NIP CMETBIBAHHE BOKOBBIX BoB Ha ctone packnaqu ersyouyne pevann nny POHIKH amecre TaK, uTO6s! oxo- five wow cosnann Y npommel my Tannin, eKansieaior wx Gynaekarm, aren marKoH xnonwaroBymanHori imaror cree npamepno 8 1 cm. weno” eMersinator Ha crone, He cneayer 310 menate 8 pywax, tax KaK Torga npunoce- meres Hincin enon Than {pne. 35). CMETBIBAHME QETANER 3 KETHATBIX TKAHER Chawana, poGnaasce uerKoro comagenin xnerkn a aevanax, GyraaKamn axnyparHo cxpenasior Goroemie west, Trav crneasivaror AMuessinn croponamn Bran KneTkH sepxHero chon MTOR me GynaaKoh crapaiorcn mpoKonote yron coorsercrayiowes —KnetkH Wwoxnero chow TkaH H Kpenst By- nanny. Korga ace xnetkM ck6n0n To HaMeNeHHO! GOKOSOR nMHnK, Ge Aerann cmeroin Hmeercs » apyroi ‘Twtannn nonocareix 4 KneTHaruix eave. Barn6aror Ha waHAHKY NPM AYcK Ne GoKOsOH wor, HaknaAbe aI0T H Kens ero Ha nnKenyIO CTO Pony Goxotoro usa apyrow merann 7k, 4r06s1 YeTKo cosnanm wMpHHa Wiser nonoc, ZletanW emerbinaior € mnyexo% CIOpOHL!, NPHMEHAR MEMKHE NPAMMIE CTOKKH Epes pai (puc. 37). Mocne npumepen MOT wos ¢ HHaHOWHOR cropoHti crawnearor Ha MaUMHE. PYKABA, Konuposansnuimn crexKamn nameuaior KOHTYpS PyKava, KPOMe oxava pykaBa, aK KAK OH BbIKPORH TouHo © npHNyEKOM Ha wos B 1 cm. HutKoH oTMeUatoT cpeAHiore i- nwo, Ha Kancabik caoh nonotHa OTAEMEHO CyXHM MbINOM HaHOCAT KOMTYpsI OKaTa PyKaBa HNO >THM AWHHAM KPYOHIMH CTEIKKEMH MPO- crpauneaior Ha Manne. Mpownron nuTkO Ha 4—5 cm NPHNOCEKMBAIOT oxaT pykase H npKyTionmsaior ero. 310 3aroroska rnaaKoro BTaYHOro pynava (puc. 38). Oxar npryriowe- baior € WaHAHOWHOK cTOPOHs! no Hanpasnennio oT rnaaKoh vactn k c6opkam, Yrior wenkas cpaay Crapyrh Ha cAenaMnyro noceaKy, rex Kak —MOryr O6pazosareca cmnaan, Tasett srutoiaieil ae cory 1B nerko Brava 8 NpOwMY te 39). Ecnm pykas co c6opKoi, 10 no- canny He npaytiomneator. Kpynibi- maw CTOMKAMH ABOKAB! HA MALIHHE Apocrpaynsaror oKaT pyKasa H co- Gupaior nnwito1o wHpHHy 8 c6op- kw (pac. 40), Beanuunbix yaunx pykagax yrio~ rom orrarnsaioT nepeanni cpea pykaea (pyc. 41). Kenarenso 06 Choa TKaHn OTTATHEATS OAKOBpe- Barem —cmeroi noKreayio auirauky % wast pykase. Fph nep- a0 npumepke pykasa He BmeTbI- aaiot 8 mpolimy, & TOMKO NpHKa- NEPBAS! MPHMEPKA He aceraa soamomno monywnre rounyio auikpoliKy monenH: no-nepanix, KaKAaA — purypa hiner con ocoBenocT (npaMbie Han Kochie mines, npaMan MMM cytynaa cnnva, sbinyknbie nonarke no-sTOpHix, HeWerKo cHATHIE ABH 8 TRETBHK, ACHMMETRHUNOCTE Te na (oAwo Anevo ssiuie Apyroro). Tipamepaior wagenne nocrenen- Ho —cnepxy enma, Ha nprmepke Mago craparecs, \To6sl @KTypa Gsine 8 ecrecrsenwom nonorennn, ocanka caoboawas. ‘DEuiuwo nomerk AeNaIoT TORLKO ha npasoit nonoenne, a ech dury- pa acHmmerpHUNaR, TO H He neBK Chawana saKanbinaior aacrexxy Hi nposepaior nAHiNIO OKaT Ecam nnewn Kocar 4 y npotiee! no- ROUKM AK CnHHKH OBpaayiorcs cknaawn, TO cneayer pacnopors Anewesor wos « yOpare TyAa AHL HiOIO AWHPHHY, 2aKONOB TKAHE TAK, Mro6si Anewenoh woe HaxoAKncs no cepeanne neva _ncweann anu y npoinas ere abe cnoco- Kpennennn nneweson mnHHm: eaen woe ann ewes oo snepx (pxc. 42) Tponepavor ‘ansany 4 ray6nny rpyAoBOR vor, Een oma Kanpapnena HeTOuHO EAMIKOM —_BLICOKO Mink EMKUIKOM HHIKO, TO BbITaUKY pacnycKaior M Jaxanuieaior 28H080 8 HYKHOM mecTe, Tlopoh AocTaToN- No abirauKy npocro yray6nTs nnn Hemnoro paccna6ute cnn sbipea ropnosnnei nk npomima mana (npH abixpoe ocr new chuiukom Gonsulok npxnycx Ha npHmepKe wx cneayer yeenwunre, Een Ha NpKMePKe BO- aninkaer KenaHne YaenKunTe Bbipes Fopnounnni, 1o yrny6nexne npo- hapoasT TonbKo Ha npasok nonoy- re. Ha npamepxe pykasa tombKo Apukanwisaior, npoBepAR Mx ANMHY Humpany (pac. 43). Fpxmepaa io6ky, cxavana 2aK8- meiwaior aactenny, Pacnonaraior cpeavne nmnnn cnepean H c2aaK, Tponepaior oem BK (He Y3KOR, Ne winpoxan nx), a raKxe npaonne- Ho aK nexKar GoKoBKE wel. MpH- nwo naeaNos GoKOBKIX weOB MOMeT NOCAYHOTe TO, 470: 106K8 cmetbieanacs He Ha Crone, 2 Ha PyKax, nosromy oAMa Ws AeTaneh Swine nocamena. ADVAN POCTMy | nanpasnennocre, pacnonomena 19 (pe. 44). B raKom cnyuee woe ‘eneayer. pacnyerars, jean pac- cremmre wa crone, ToNHO paanownTe fo cpesy Tannn, 06a cnox TKaHK KONOT K cHeTaT® 2aHO8O. Buuwe manormenoe oTHocHTcA HK npowHM waa, ech 106Ka Ha WeNOH H3 HECKONOKNX AeTaNeH W OHH HeTONHO cMerant. Een cknaakn packpsisaiores, Jo cneayer amennte HX WaKnON. Breunni crn6 cknaaKn nano npH- ToAHAT® sBepx AO ee BINnpAMNEHHA (pxc. 45), Nopos nonowenne mor: HO YAYMWHTb, AK NPHROAWAE ImyTpeHWIOID acre cKnasK. acex MenpaBnennelx mecrax fo cuatan Bynasox HATKOK Hame- aor Hosbie nHHHH (pHe. 46). Hixt- Ko ormevaior anny nines meTHbIMK creMcCaNH orMewsioT nonomeHHe Barem nprKonorwie pyK: aor. cnn npeactonr ucnpasnte n3Ae- ‘we, TO ero pacnycKaror no nneve- Shim weam m cKanbiBaroT eMecte 10 CpeAKKM TMHKSM Nepena M Tlockonsky na nprmepKe nonpas- ‘or 6sinne shocenbt ToMbKO Ha npaBoti onosnHe HanenKR, To Tenepe Hx eneayer nepenectn Ha neayio no- osniy. Bynasxann npoxansisaior yoEne mon, KOTOPHIE Ginn OTe: Sen HHTKAMM, HM CYAHM MBINOM 10 3TH AAKHRIA HAHOCRT HCnpAB~ newbs KOHTYP Ha APyry!O NONO- ‘ny gerann, Nph HeoGxoanmocta yrny6nxior npotoast auipea rop- asinet (prc, 47). Fenn Ha nepsowi npamepxe Grin secenst Gomuune HaMeHEHHR, TO yagenne pexomenayeTce cmerars 424080 NpHMepHTs euje par. enn nonpesox Her, To 8 onpene- Fen¥o nocnenovatensuoctn ero eneayer cunts, Tepe otmm yaanmor Konwnicn WiToK MonkposanbHoro crema, TOK KaK NlOcNe MaWIKHHOrO wa MX spYAWO YerpaHHTe. PMNE CTEMKH HAMETOYHBIA CTEMOK Hawerovuinn wnt ochonnbinn crexnamn coernisaior amecre Ava Gros matepnana. Ero o6peayror 10 ofenn croponam coeannentiots peraned, cosnasan enpase Hanes Npormnn oRMHaKOBOR —ANnW (ove. 48). Anx aanvore cremna brio nprmenmerca marcan Xn sarobysamnan Hur. Zune ren 9 01 0,1 20 2 em, © s00ncHmocrn ©F ero HasHaveHna — no mepe Ywevowenn anunet CreKKON MPOH HocTs ila yeenmunsaetes. TPMMETHBIA CTEKOK Npnmeri cremox o64i4Ho np neunior npr o6oanavenwn cpeawinx Iwi, Henpannenisix nuns nocne Mpwepkn 4 1. 2. Een genate no- Nar AMWs wuINOM, TO. NPOUBCCE pa6ors! onn Guicrpo crmparorca H He COXpaHmoOTcR Ao OKOHVaHHA pabors. Tpwmernsit cremox —o6uHO luslor werbio KoNrpacroro WaeTa oro Wa oAWOM cnoe nonOTHA ‘rpase nanes0, OAMH creKOK KO- pote, stopoh — annnnee (pyc. 49). KONMPOBANBHBIA CTEMOK O6eisno Kpomt asa cnos TKaHH £paay, 8 KONTYPHI BUIKPORKH MBINOM WanOcsT TOMBKO Ha BePXNKA cro We Winxoini ROM KOHTYPHI NepeHo: fmt KoRMpoRanbHninn cTeXKaMM — arKoK WHTsIO KONTPACTHOTO WBeTa. Ulsior cnpaea naneno sepes o6a 08 viaTepnana, no septHemy “e700 THAKM HUTKY He aaTArHBOR, 70 ecrh ocrannaa Gonbusme nevne. Kora Konryp npowmr, Hararnsan NporRKKH, cKPeNneHKiIe aeTanK ‘ScTopornvo paaanraior M, crapanch He ebITAHYTS HHTKH, NO cepeaHHE paspesaror. Ha nayeno} cropone Koporemman soWnKaMn HHT OBpHCoBbiBaeTcA Komyp netann (puc. 50). KPECTOOSPASHBIA CTEKOK Paboras c weckinyunnk wepera- nn He rmwenbin xnonwaro6y- ManHAIAA TKAHIAM, Cpeasi NOAM Garot ToneKo oAHN pas, NpHMeTD- NOT, npKYTIOMHBAIOT HW nOAUIK- Bator’ Kpecroobpaanbink creKKa- Lsior cnesa wanpano. Ha uanan- ke Kpensr y3enox HHTH, 2aTem BRo- AST Hronky cnpasa Haneso, npo- kanbisan OCHOBy TKAHH TMU Ha NonOBHHY e€@ TONWHHE! ANKHOIO ApHmepHo 3 mm. To 2Ke nponensi- nator x Ha noArKGe NpKMePHO Ha 6mm Hine NpeKHErO crexka. Mon Gupaior ToHKyio HHTe nom User TKAHK, CTEDKKH He peKoMenayerce CHMBHO SaTsrHBaTe, B >TOM cMyYae ONM MOryT NposBHTECA H Ha nMUe- 80% cropone Hagens (pc. 51) MALUMHHBIA CTEKOK Yacro rem, rae HeyAo6Ho wMTe MaWHHOR, —MpKxOAKTCA, cUuMBaTS Pykamn. Uxo6si o6pazonare. raKol 2Ke rnaaKKi " NPOUHLIH wos, ero uisior cnpasa Haneso. Bsoaar uron- ky cHM3y BBepx, npoKansiBaloT TkaMe Ha 2 mm cnpasa, npononat 4 moa BONE HiDKHETO chow cnpaea waneso. Taxnm o6pas0m Kancabiit crexox o6pasylor cnepea aswKe- Mem waaaM, 3aTem enepea (pme. 52), NPSIMOA CTEKOK YEPES PAK Ero wacro npumenaior Ank npr- WHeannn MaHNeT, BOPOTHAAKOD i Unpknoi npunycKa na wos epea Rerann 3arnGaIor wa waMaNKY HC Amyeeok croponts Ha HeBonsuom paccrosnun or crw6a_npwmen ator (puc. 53). Chea noawnsaior menknnn cremKann, Ha MaHaNKe —o6pasya cremoK c HaKNOHOM Bnepen, He nnyeaok cropone — Koporewe Apamute nporsmKn (pyc. 54). KOCOR CTEKOK 4EPES KPAR Dror crexKoK ApAMeHsioT ANE o6merKn cpesos Hnk NOAWMBKH. Merkin crexKamm noguineaior cpes, o6paays Ha nosepxnocri kecuie nporamnn (puc. 55)- MOTARHOR CTEMOK Dror crexok npumensior ans kpennenua epaay K nonotny. Ero wacto Henomsayior An saKpenne- hua noa6opra, TaK Kak wos Hese~ MeTeH HK C sIMYeBOH, HH C MBHAHON- Ho} croponsi. HemHoro npunoaHas cpea noa6opra, noaumsaior ero menkimn noraineimn crenccamn (prc, 56). WBERNAR MAWHHA To cpasnennio ¢ pyuHol pabo- Toh, umeinan mauinna anowrent- ho Yekopaer npouece unre, Wow onyaaeres rnaaKnm ¥ npownbi, Verorea ynusepcansniie cne- Uwameniie divernvie: Maun Yar sepcensnan wenoniaerpaaHvie onepaunn —uiber, o6merbisaer peau, neram, omuuMeger MT. A Tone’ Meum mcnonesyior rnee- nbin o6pa20m AOMma, TAC OANH = nonex coanaet HanenKe OF Havana no Kona. Chewnenenan weiner sauna enonwner ToneKo oAKy Onpene- nennyio onepaynio. Take mauinnot pmmenmor na. ta6pKKax no. nO- tinny rovontix wanenni, B wiseiniix mauinnax mcnoneayior py'Hor, nonoo# % anexrponpsoa, He CHOTPA Na AclO | paswoRAnocre monenek mauinn, OHM HMeIOT COR” wile OchoBHwle evan Tlepen usrvem maunny cneayer noaroroenre. x aKennyaraunn, Tlepoim yenosnen wavecraennon aor aensercr npasnnbivsit nOA- Sop urnbi # HHTOK 8 CooTseTCTBHH cc Mmerouerca TKaHbIO (ra6n). Hem TOHbWe TKAHE, Tem ToHDWwe, Mawninyi erposny oBpaayior fase jurn: Bepxian nth © mepxHe tact aunts oF npocTol KaTylKn H MWOKHAA MHTe, MayWAR CHHAY, OT unynenore Konnowa. Tipx pa6ore nano cneaute, 4ro6e! armenne oB6Hx HureH 6uin0 OAM aKovo, Tora npr me cxpeuyea- tw menay CnORnM KONE OPO SYeTCA.pooHei mM NPONHOIH Wo (puc. 57°). Eenn wowwan wire ocna6nena, wos o6paszyerca Henpowneii, 4 pM warm\enKN aepxNeh WaT — pacnepsisaerca (pyc. 57 5). Aeon ‘6 Towens rw Coteus cari, went Xnonox, awcko3ay wepeTe Ueper amare reann MOmNO MENPaBHTD, SaKPyTHE BHH- thw UinyneWOrO KONNANKa, KOTOPLIA onpeaenser aramenne HiKHeR Ecnn_ocnaGnena mepxHaa nite (pxc. 57 B), To cnemyer saxpyrure Farky MarmOKeHHS BepxHer HATH TaGanue Homep Homep wnrox anonro6ye, _wenxooux 655 080 B=65 0 so—60 3 100 40-50 3 110 30-40 ie 130 10-30 (pnc. 58), Koropax npeanaanave Ans YCTaHOBKH HaTMKEHHS Baxxno noao6pare coor! fowyio annny cremna, Tonnyio TRAHE WMIOT MOMKHMH CTOD«KANH, ronetylo — Kpynnbinn. Fipnmennn pasnyio annny crem- HOB, MOMHO OBpaaceate cGopKi. Timmy mawnnoro crema ycra- aunnsaior Ka oTmerKe 3—4 mm YaeNsuIaIOT ~HaTAMEHKE aepxHelt ‘wit, Mlocne npocrpaynnannn HiDK= Wolo Hite HaTArHBaIOT H OBpasyioT BopKn. Flo okonsannn paGore mawnny eneayer TuatensHo npotepere, ynamre nine 4, npr Heo6xoaM- oct (nocne 40—50 wacos pa6o- ‘u), caazers orgennin yan, ‘Mecta cmasox 8 ange HeGonbunex ‘OTNePCTHH OGsI4HO BbIBOART Ha NO- epxHocts mauris ‘iyo wos NPOCTOR WOB Asa cos kann cKnaquiearor AMUeBsiKM CTOpOHaMH —BRYTPB, exansnaioy, cmensinaior b cuiM—aior a nauisie oxono Hamerien ¢ ORNOM on apyrom croponsi. He cneayer lunes no HoMeTKe, TOK KaK NoTOM ‘e6 Tpyavo yaannre. OGsNHo wa pIMepKe BLIRCHAIOT, C KK2KOM CTO powsl cnersieannn cneayer npo- novos wo. Hovano Kone wea saxpennaior oBpathiin xonOM nn KOM! HATO aassabizaor y3nom (pHc. 59). B npamuix wax Ha xnonuaroBy- mannvix TaaHax geTann We CMeTEI- fer, 2 cKanusaior Gynaewamn Iepnenqynynapro way » no 6y- “mabKOM NPOKOADIBDIOT MaLIHHHyIO expoxny (pve. 60). Yaannicr namersy, ¢ wananicn PasynoneaioT wos, pacnonaras Epeasi KaXAvih 8 cBo10 cropony, “Ath saynonnearor O6a 8 OAH CTO pony. "7 Eenn wago cure gerann, Koro- “pile auixpoensi no npamom m no -ROCOH wTKe, To Nocnemiiol® pac- otersior ctepxy, ro6s1 3y6us! ini He COBPanK KOCOK cow prc. 61), enw npeactonr cunts ase ac- “Tan, cKpoenrsie no KOCOK warn, “16 Wenxonoy, samuenon rKaHin, “Topexonenayercn nerann cmerare Aisha! 4 MauiHHYIO cTPONKY NpO- “owns Mexay wemerkenn (Puc. _ Ecm oan 3 geraneli rnanKan H sunpoena no npsmoh HntH, a “gpYTeA AeTaN NpHnocAMeHe, TO “peerenvioro pacnonaraor ceepxy, @ nanieyo crvay (prc. 63). “ Tprxora cravmoaror menkor “gi 22r008paaHoh cYpoNKOR, Tem “canon coagasan anacruumocre tuna (pre. 64), Heroropuie narkne m cxonsakne TeaHh weeinan mawnna KaK Gut He TaNeTD, TO ecTe TkaHb Bactp seer 8 ay6unkax Maun -AY@e NO >Ty TKAN® NoAKnaAb- jakOT NOMOCKY KANbKH H NPOUIMBAIOT Wepes nee, 2aTem Gymary yaansior (pue. 65). Bymara gom«na Gnite TOHKOH H AnoTHOH, puixnan Byma- fa octasnaer Ha TKAHK dacTHubt ennionoaei. BLIBOPOTHOR WOB DTOr wos APAMeHsIOF NpH UINTeE ovene TOHKHX TKaHEA HMM Benbs. 6a cnos Ta cKnaqeinaioT HaHaHOUnAIAK CTOpOHAMM BOBHYTPE wm ne paccromnun 02-03 cm oF pan npoctpainaaiot Wa maumne. Barem sbisopavnnaior wananow- sim cropowame anepx, 70. ecre cxnaanivaror 60. cnom TKaNW mM WeBeinAn GTOpOHaMH BHYTpD, crt Gaier no wisy, MpKyTIONEMaIOT Hak nposoasr Worrem, wro6s crn6 pac- onaranca rouo no uiey, m ¢ naNan- ih BYOPOH pas npouneaior Ha man tune We Takom paccrosiinn oF npernero tise, wrO6w ero. cpest! HoxOAMAes anyTpH, we Bicrynann Ha nmueayio cTopony wanennn (pre. 66). ” Mo crpowxe © nmyesor croponss wananounbit wos sayTIomKnaaior, saru6ax ero Ha HaHaHKe BODY cropony. TINOCKHA, GENbEBOR wos Dror wos npamensior NpH no- use Genvs, copover, AeTcKo% onexasi, nepeannnos, nnaweh » enoprnenon opera Mpnrorosnevnsie Aeranh pacro- paraiot RAWSDEIA CTOPOHAMK BO- BHyTpb, BbiNycKaR KpaK HHOKHETO Enow na 0,5 em, cweTBIBaIOT HPO tunvaor (prc, 67). Buiaannyrain cpea aarnBalor, npayiomnsaior, Pecerunaior tka OAMHapHO nk: Ueson cropowos ania, sarn6aior nogornyrsit, npenviayuynit wo wm npoctpaunnaor 8 2x MM ot eru6a (prc. 68). B roncteix marepwanax ww H3ae- nuax © NORKNAAKOH BepxHHi CHO B mocKom wae HaKNaALIBAIOT, He nogrnGan, — Tax ymenbuaercs ronwnia Wea. ‘OTAENOUHBIE CTPOUKH meroten paatoo6pasnuie crpoy kw, HCMOMHeHMBIe TOKO WHTKOm Meninan crewman Wh NPOWNTIE Toncrok WenkosOr HATKOR Kpym- Hern creneKann. H 8 TOM, © APY Tom cAy4ae WOB MPKyTIONHBaIOT no hanpasneniio. HameweHHo} crpoukn., Hurkol KOHTpacTHoro. sera ormevaior onmaKonoe pec: cromnne oF cr6a, PaGoran TOHKOH HHTKOK, CTPOUKY npoxnansinaior ¢ nuijesoH croponst anon c HamerKon (pHC. 69), npH MeHaN Toncryio HATKY, ee Heme Teipaior wa winyMeKy YenHOKA crpouxy oBpaayior ¢ waHaHouHo} croponsi (pe. 70). Bepxnaa wirea NOpmamHok ronunnel, Ecnn moa PyKOH KeT TONCTOK weNKoBOH WiTKH NOAKOARWIER pacuseTK, TO e6 MOmHO 2aMEHMTR TORKOH WeNKOBOH hutkoK & 4—5 cnormweHnl, KoTOPyIO Namarsisaior wa winynbxy. B AaHHom B cayuae annua cremna 3—4 Mm. Yro6si cpeasi no Kpaam Thani ie, ocenaace, Hx oGmernacr, wiviio OBmerbivator Kanabih cpes ISUBSEREBEERBURME ERE) © oraennocrs. Ecnn ase Hann 6o- ‘ nee cpezon neTann sayrionwseiorcs HH, TO He OB Me 8 onHom nanpasi rarBaior amecré pai. Vicnoneaytor TouKne We NHTKN, CTEMKH TYFO He aa “TETENbHBIM. CTEXKOM _letemnunn crenwann cpea Hanpano, o6p: ern no HioKwemy cpeay. Ann MET 8 3aBMCHMOCTH OT TORLYM- “Hu TAHA npHMepH 3—5 mm, 8 a “OBPABOTKA KPAEB S¥ELAMH Kpon wecunysite matepwanoe ‘Wom nogposusrs nw cpaay POT creumanbHbian WOM tH, KOTOpHIC OBpaayior ay6uNKH 1 cpesy (pre. 73). MALES OBMETKA “Tlowynas winehnyso mauinny, ‘Obie craparoren npuoBpects “raKy, KoTOpaR sbinonnaer 3nr3a- gaHylo EYPOUKy. EI MONHO eTwigath cpeasi, 8 coorser- “e184H © TONUHOH TKAHM ycraHO- ‘tie Aniny uMpmny crema. Cpea ‘hogpaswwsaiot, sarem Ges nog “Ga npoctpasmeaior amon Kpan. Benn nano oBmerare OueHb TOH- “aye TaN (wane, song 4 1. a), ‘0 cpea avi pas 2arnBaior W npo- “expasnaaior camoh menKOH 3Hr3a- “Feobpaanok cTposKon, sarem ¢ “yaNeHONNOR cToponss ManenbKnrH Wowonuenn —-cpeaaioy wanHuuKn “ran (prc. 74). NOROTHYTBIA CPEB B romwx marepnanax cpeabi fuse sernbaor oanH pas (Ha 02-0,3 cm) «_npocrpaunsaios Ha awnne (pyc. 75). OBPABOTKA CPE3A BEAKOR - Bnansro, maKerax Ges noaKnea- wrropowe emorpaten o6paborant- tie BeFixo} cpeaui, ocoBenno ecrn ‘han cuinysan. Cpeasi oraensisaior “nogknanONNOH Him WenkKoBOR Goi Ko}, Tecemor. Kocylo nonocky npamersisaior nprerpaunaaior, aarem ceo6oan -epe3 nonockn SarnBaior Haq WBOM °H€ nnyesoH croponsi npocrpaym- aor stopHno praom € noRocKOR (prc. 76). OBPABOTHA HNMHEFO CPESA B aanncnmocr# ot crpyKtype Tkann wmeloren pasHbie cnocobs! OGpaborios HioKHAK MMM APYTHA cpez08, B NeseencHmoctn oF pac: Nonomenna cpeaa, ero noarn6arcr, Tpmmersisaior # cnerka nPHYTION paior, seem yAannoT HamerKy € waHaniin nponepysaior Yepea Bnancyio TKaNe, NK ITOM noArHE RoanMaroT —m — npoyTIomneaior ScHonnyio evan YaK, TOG! Hd Tmuyesoh cropone He Guin sane tumpnna_noarn6a. Morom noarKé kpenar GynasKamn wnK npumens soior " noqWHBaIOT. OBPABOTKA CPE3OB NOTAAHBIMM CTEKKAMH Mepeusi enocoS. Cpes o6mersi- NOT Ha MAWMHE 3MrsarooGpaaHok erpouxoi Mocne npnynioxneann, na paccrosnnn 1,0 cm oT cpe noatHé nprmersisaior. Cerna ipunoawan cpes, He 0,2 cm OF aht= Baroo6pasHoh cTPOMKH, _TOHKOM NuTKo# —-nOAWHBAIOT —-MeNKHMH NoralnbiMn crexaamn aK, 4TO6s Wurka He npornaasisana HK C mie eno, Hn c HaMAHONHOM crOPOH Hurxy aararmmare He peKomen ayerca (pc. 77). Bropo cnoco6. Cpes roncroro, wecuinywero marepwana noaper Huaior sy6uareimn —HOHHHLaMy, noprBaior, npmmersisaior, _ npIe yrionnaaiot M nomuMBaIOT nota Kamm (PHC. 78). Tperni cnoco8, Cpes ronKore cunywero marepmana —sarn6aior ‘Oonmn paa m Ha 0,2 cm oF crMba npo- Ccrpaunnaior Ha MauunHe, 387eM NOR” ruBaior Ha WaMeMeHHy!O MPA, ior, MPMYTOMMBAIOT ‘nOTaviNbin CTEMKE am (pu. 79). Werepruii cnoco6. Cpes o6ps- Garuisaior Koco nonecKoH nk recemok (pyc. 76), noarn6aior, ApHyTIOMHDaIGT, saTeM NOAWHEAIOT noraiuimn cremnamn (prc. 80) ‘OBPABOTKA CPE3A HH3A TECbMOR Xopowo cmorpurca cpes, o6- paboranivit recemon. SroT cnoco6 ‘o6paGorkn npwemnem TonbKO ANA Wenpoapaunbix TaN. Oany KPOM- ky TEckKA © AMYeDOR cTOPOHE! fo cpesy npHraunsaior He mausnHe, noara6aiot Ha HeoGxoanmyso lupany, npHmersisaior noarn6, Npnynionueaior " noAUIMBaIoT BTO- yo KpomKy cremKamn wepe3 pak (prc. 81). MAUKHHAS OBPABOTKA CPE3OB Mlepasit cnoco6. B w3nennax wa xnonvaro6ymannen — TKANE! a nnauyax, Kodbrax H T. a. cpes W noprnGaior apaxabi— cHavana Ha 1 om, norom —Ha HeobxoaHmyro trpny. ToarK6 nprmetsisaior, ApHYTIONMBaIOT HHTKAMH COOT- serereyioujero Ysera npoctpaun- aaiot Ha MausKne (Hc. 82), Bropok cnoco6. Ha xnonwa. roBymanvbix TKaHAX ABamAD! AeZa- for Meni monra6 4 2acTpaun= gaiot Ha MaWMHe MAK HCNONbayIOr ‘any-pySunbHnn (puc. 83). ‘peri cnoco6, Cpes W328 yoKKOro MapaaNoro name nop- wBaior onwlt pas Ha 1 cm mc AM eso cropoxsi npocrpaunsaior He Mawnne menkom sursaroo6paa- ok crpowKor, 2arem orrnGaior Ha HHAHKY H NOAWIMBBIOT AMULHIOI umpniy noara6a (prc. 84). OBPABOTKA CPE3A CKPYFNEHHOA @OPMbI B w6xax-connye Knk 8 106Kax- knew cpea Hinze noarMBaioT no o6osHaNeHHO} mMHKK M NpHMerEI- sar y camoro crn6a (pac. 85), fo cpesy coBmparor ManKWKH THE: Wr aK, uTo6s1 no~rn6 noth puneran x 106Ke, JAUHIOHO WMpH- Ay akKypaTHo npnyrionmeaior opusmsaior (pyc. 86). ANCTERHA, BTAYHBAHHE OPOTHHKOB, OBPABOTHA BHIPESA ‘TOPAOBHHD H POM Becrennn moryr Suir ovenb pasHooBpaannime, 4x BeIKpaHBaIor Dimecte © ocHosHom neranbio wnn Orgensvo, sarem npmuinnaior. OGuisio sacremny nm noa6opr ecrexxoR npmumeaior, ecnn a pave TKOKH He nomew\aercA ‘8H8 UennKon ¢ nonOMKOH HAH mo Gopry vameven npunyck, un "ecm noa6opr oreopaunaacrca Ha imyesyio cropony. | Hseectisi pasnoo6pasneiume Taopotumin x muorooBpaanei cnoco- “6si wx epennenna — srawanibl © ni eso} Him WsHaKOWKO cropoHi, Mersiospoennbie sopornnnn, Bee “Suasi onwcaTe HeBoamonno, © ant “Gone npeacrasnensi nanbonce xa- teprise a Hix BTAUMBAHHE . ‘OMMOKHOTO BOPOTHKKA | He prc. 87 npeacrasnen npamo- Yromiuit ornonwok — sopornnk Fe neGonbunm npanycKom wa nais- ‘wane. Ha nnesyio cropony nonounn “hrates nn Gnyaxn no Hamevennoi Uacrexne Haknenvisaior % npame- a non6opr, npx 210m no. ‘Bopry penoior weGonsusyro nocan- 17 noaGopra (puc. 88). | @maennnoayio npoxneany 6e2 UTipinycxos Ha wos Knaayt Ha noa- “Gopr » nprmersisaior. Mpocrpaun- naior nog6opt paaom c cpanazenn- HOM, a No Buipesy ropnosHHei — fo epeanen Minn (nAMMM nony= aaHoca). Zarem Tam aKKyparHo paccexaior npanyck Ha wos (prc. 89). Moa6opr ssisopaunsaior 4 a mereinaior ¢ TaKHM pacueTom, sr06e1 Ha nayKane woe yxoANn nna, 8 Y 3acTemkH — soBHyTps. Oreopaunaaior yron noa6opra tak, NTOGBI OM xopOUO cHAeN, HNO Mec Ty ern6a_npamersepaior —npoK- nanky ¢ nog6oprom K nonouKe (px. 90). Craunsaior pasyrio- OBPABOTKA BOPOTHHKA BopoTHnk sbikpansaioT = TOWHO ¢ npunyenom wa won 1 cm, cyan muinom ormeveior KONTYpU" AerePm (e"soponmmnex Konmposantisil cTemoK He npHmensior), Bopor- fine auxpamnaion. yrs Gone nonsoportnne, BOporwik © AOA SOpOTHNG. KARAWBRIOT. -AMUBDEE mo crOponann, MACayT Ka Ht npoxnaaxy (6e3 npunycka Ha wos), Chereisaior h pagan c rnse minor npocrpaunsaior no ornery (puc.91). Bopormie pactpusesict, woe aeynioxeearor ne nonBopornint (6e3 gawsennva) wn c mnyeson croponi wacrpewmearcr Hanon sopormnk He paccroauan 0,2 em or npemnen crpowr (pre. 92) Een Ha sopotinie namevena crpowna, To. npunycnn a woe Ke facrpewnearor’ na. nopeoporvin. Berner npnynomusersy npr: aye va wioe'no. cpesy crolen ry BoporHnK ¢ nogsopoTHnKom m4, cnerka nocaswusan Boporink, cm Uo, BoIMeTHIBAIOT NO KPARM H MPH yrorunsaior. Oryniomennuit sopor- Hk MepernGaior no HaMeveHHOmy mecty crH6a H Bbimerbieaior (PAC 94), BTAYHBAHME NPSMOTO. BOPOTHHKA Bopornnk okone ¢oaaenkna np kansiwaior # NpHMeTbIBaIOT K Ha WanKe mMpa c TaKHM pacueTOM, 4TO= 6uyrnsisopornnKa co cpeaneh mune nonovex, 2 CpeAHAR naHNA sopornnKa— co cpeaHeh nunwer cnhnir, Bece BOPOTHHK NpHKansinaior, Hemnoro nocaxneas abipea ropnosHun, 3aTem sMeTaIBOIOT mM BrauMEaIor na mawnne (Puc. 95). Tloarw6 neasopormnKa pa Nonaraior Hea cTpoMKom sraue sans, Kpenar 6ynaakamn 4 nos UMBaIOT MENKHMM cFeMKaMmM wepes pai (pyc. 96), " Tipw »enarinn rorosbil wo porn H nauKaH! MOMHO € MMYeBOH cro- PoHbI npocrPoNMT ToNKOH MAK TOR ETOH Wenkoson HuTKOK (pre. 97) Bias SACTEKKA C BTAYHBIMK TMAHKAMH OTSOMHEIM BOPOTHHKOM (pxc. 98) Tepea sa © onnn cnok pac~ ronararor Ka crone m cyxuma Ocrphim Aninon ormeWaiOT mecto sacrenKien, fe umpany—4 em, qnnny — 75-30 cm (pc. 99). Barem, ana tarnaanocrs, no oGenm croponam Hanes AHH KOKTYpA OTMeNaIOT txok. Nposepsior, ommnaxona be croponbi pe wnpHna no or epenwelt nun, Boaanom cnyvae saayman o7- BopoTHHK, ans noaGopte nostomy. somo neoBxoaKm npunycK, fevann aacremnn myom K anuy fnocexneas noa6opr no ‘cnersinaior. Zarem craw Gopry, a no wepxnemy cpesy — fo cpeawel nunnn aacrerkin (pHc. h, cnerka px 1 pa al 101), Mo sepxnemy cpeay y cpea- HoH min paccenaior npanycr Berane suisopaunsaior nannuo s esimersinaior no 6opry Tak, wro6s! ha nayKaHe wos YxoRHA Ha O,! cr enna, ay aacremnn — na O,1 cm sosnyrpe. Ecan nonGopt sbime- Twinaior TOMHO NO uy, TO Ha ma kane anjex wos (pyc. 102). Ha Apasok nnanke genaior nernx Tlocnenonarennuocrs ravi acreoKwi TaKORa! Ha AM\YeRyIO crO- POHY niga Ha ormerKy sacremtn KnapyT MNaHKy, ApMMerbiBaIoY ApwraunBaior no sce AnvNe Hame- ennOR nnninn. Kpensr KOMUb! HHTOX (puc. 103). C anankH Ha ance sbipeaaior cepeanny aactexks, ocraanas py nycK Wa woe | cm. Mpunycnie Ha lupo! no yrnam pacceKaroT no Kocoh (pxc. 104). Lies sacremnn paayrionusaior kaxabih 8 cBo1 cropony (prc. 105). % Bacremiy ckansisaior tak, sTo6e! cosnanv cpeanne nniin (pHc. 106) Orknabisaior no HiKHeMy Kpao BacT@KKH NepeA nga, NpHNycK He on sipeaa pacnonarator na KoNue AneHOK MNO HaMeveHHOR nHHHM Apurawneaior Ha maunie. UWlsi Ha HaHaHke oBMeruIBalOT amecte (pyc. 107). C nnyenot cro- Pons! oGpasyereR npamoyronsiar aacremia wa nnankax. Ecnh THE 7 Memay yonKan 4 WenpoNnas, AnanKoh ™ noA6oprom npoxna Awisaior cpnuaennn, Kak 8 npe ‘Ananornsina Awiayuyem onncannn. raunmaior 4 BOPOTHHK. p te & Fi pa pe rss. 3ACTEMKA C BTAMHBIMM TMIAHKAMH BOPOTHHKOM- CTORKOR (puc. 108) Kor 8 npeasiayuiem caysac, Ha mnpe ormewaror mecTO sacrem: 4, eran nnanox aommnet Botte Ha Tow unpe © Karkayio cropony m Ha 31cm AnHNee HaMeNeHHOR ANNs Ha nnannax aknyparno cyxmm pabi- JOM NO nhWeriKe OTMeUAIOT pH ryce Ma wei (KonMpoBanbHuih EIeKOK He NpAMeHRIOT). Fipunyer WM Woe npoKnanKn Ha danaenn- Wa—0,1 cm, Ha KOHYe o@Horo Ha ‘poe O6paayior TpeyroneiinK, Ko TPH Annee npenena Hame- yennon aacremin. Ha 1 cm oF GoKov0r0 cpeaa Ha HaHAHKY ANOHOK HekneAwiea¥or npHmerbieaior npo- knankh (pie. 109), npornsononom- tik cpea aernBaior Ha wmpHny fpanycko na wos W NpHyTIoMMBaIOT GaroTosnennwie nnanKn pacno- araor Ha nAYeoOK cropoHe mac>a 12% 706s OTe TH Ha NnaHKaX com TMH C HaMeNERHOIAN AMHHAMM 20 crews. Vx nprkanbieaior, npume- Thar H nprrasnMeaior Ha Maunne Mo ace Hamevennoh Anne 3a- FemKr, KONUS! HHTOK saKpennsior Yanom. (onc. 110). C shonKn na mupe svipesaior cepennny sacremn mn no yrnam paccekaior npHnycn we wees, KaK Empenviaywen caysae (pue. 104) Kaxayio 13 naanox nepern6aror TONOREN AMON x nnuy H Hat cm OF sepanero cpeza sacrpaunsaior 48 wane no 2 cm oF cra, Mo Genet nnnnn paccexaror npunycK We wos. Pagom © @anaennon Ipeyronsnnkom aactpasinsaior wnc- Wit money wepxneh — nnannn, speieior namuKM npmnycKa Ho Iboe (psc. 111), Thani ssieopauneaior Hanyo, GoGOAHIK aayTIoMennum cpes WunazLieaior Ka won, npHmereina- Wt, npnyrioninaior 4 menkiumn Gemrann vepe2 Kpar noaumoa- IK npeaniaywer crpoune, Seren Eamyesor croponsi no Goxan Ha Of cm or kpax npornaasiearor Orgenownvie crpouKe (pwc, 70), W@ eepaneh nnanke crpouKy no pb Wa 3 cm OF HOHUA He NpocrpE- weer, KONYM HHTOK KpenaT Mi havanKe. B gannom cnywoe x HiomHeny cpeay aactenckn npire MBIOT TOMKKO MMOD NRaMKy (0%. 105) 6 o6mersisaior wen! (ore 112). Tain Haxnoqusaror apyr We apyra vax, ero6u cownan mx powne nininn, 9 cnenuisaicr Tigononaaior crpony no Gopty #8 vepxvek inane, npownean ace crow nnankn. Lior 3 cm stn no Gopry, notom — tpeyfonbHnK, sarem NO ropHaonTank Bnpaso, nO AMarowanH 8 NEB wepxini yron, no ropwaourank snpasi Hon0 AMaroHann B neBbii HHOKHHR yron (pc. 113). Saxpennaror Konus! HATOK. BATOTOBKA BOPOTHHKA-CTORKH B soporHnKe He MpHMeHRIOT konbposantinii cremoK, ero Kpoat Tou ¢ MpHnycKom Ha WoR 1 Cm. @msenni kpoRT ¢ NPHNycKOM Ha tio 0,2 ca. Bopornnx # noqBopor- WK cknaqbiBaIoT MMYOM K ~AAUY KMaAYT Ha HAx MpoKnaAKy ¢ Ta kum pacuetom, uTo6ei npynycK (pre. Cawana woe pas- Yronwmaior —Kamavik cpes £1010 cTopony, sarem aayrionenea- for snepx Ecnit na BOpOTHAKe He Hamewena OTaenownan crpowKa, To wioe nacrpoumnaror ha NOABOPOT- tnx wa 0,2 em 07 npemnem crpoMKR (one. 92). B npencrasnennom cny- fae went npocto sayTiomen, KPO Me Toro, sernGa1or oy OMEN tor nprnycx na wos no epeay cro% tor sopornnna (pue. 115). BoporunK 4 no@sopoTHHK ckna- Abiwaior nMyOM K AKUY M 3acTpa- Snwaior KoHUBI (pyc. 116). BoporHnk sbisopauneaiot Hank- Uo, sbimersinaior NO Kpaam. H MPH yriomnsaror, BTANHBAHKE BOPOTHHKA € mmyenoh croponsi —nhiba soporuni nprkansisaior Tax, uTo6s! COBNaNH CPEAHAR AMAR BOPOTHHKE fe crnnion, @ Yronke NaxOAMnice ha cpeaweh nnnwn nepeae. Bo- pornK. ApHKansBaIOT, —NpHMe- Foiaior 4 Braumsaior Ha maulnie (pyc. 117). ‘Menknmn crexkamn Hepes Kpail Apnwnaior nomsopotHHK (j 118). 3arem € nnyesor croponsl na 0,6 em oF pan npoKnaasieanr expouny (Kak Ha nnanKe). BACTEMKA C BTAYHBIMH MMAHKAMH B PAMKY B nannom caywae sacrenna rorobnewa 43 TKAHK 8 nonoc Ho nnipe wnTKoR axnyparHo Ha “newaior WeoBxoAnmyio —ANHH h umpuny aacrenn. O6e aerann lupe npeanone lppnvee) aacrexxh + 2 cm (npw- tw. B fantom caysae npoKnaaKa o6s2arenbHa; mcamna, ap6annnor npunyex .2'em, na xnonuaro6y mam cropoHon 8B rao nononam, muimerbisator npr Nor. CyxKM MbITOMm no nuneine ormeuaior 1 cm oF Goxosoro cpesa ana npunyca wa wos, Ewe pas nposepaicr, coor- sercrayeT nk wMpHna nsiaHoK Hame- WeHkibiM napametpam, ¥ pacnone- Favor Hx TaK, TOG OHM ci cpe2aMnpuresmaaror aupe2aior =wanKUKK MPH “ mecty aces B rpex mectax ‘amxypatHo Wa woe, no Bice nowwen (pres 122) Finan ormBaior"k cpeanen nnnnn, Kowey kaxaok nnanwn npyun- aor oraenbno. Cuavana sarnBaior ina Koco MpHNYCK HOW CrOKKM Me ABaKAe —mpHTaNs ero K KOMUY nani. Ani nnaioT BTopyio_nonowmny aaxper (prc. 123). O6mersiwaror cpesui BAY3KA C BOPOTHHKOM TMA MYKCKHX COPOMEK Ha pyc. 124 npeacrasnena Gny2- aC OTROMHBIM BOPOTHAKOM © ensnoKpoeHHoh croHKOH 20 ‘cremKol ¢ HaCTpONHbiM NnaHKami © mayenon cropor OBPABOIKA BOPOTHHKA CO CTORKOR Bopornak swenarensno KpoHte axeypamno, Torna Me KyKEH KOMH= poRanbiuit creKoK, npHnyeK Ha woe 0.8— cm. Ans nanioro sopornka peKo- menayercs dnusenniosax nn xnonvarobymaxian npoKnania. Ee asixpansaior © NpHNYCKOM Ha Woo 0,1" cm. Mpoknagny naxnaaninaior a MaNaHoNKy!O cropoKy eoporhie kam aarn6aior va Hee npunyer Ha wos no cpeay Crokkn Ha eTauH- Sanne, npHmeToisaior ero H Ha 0,7 cm ot cra npocrpaumsaior Ha mauunne (prc. 125). ‘Baten € MaHaHOUNOR cTOPONEs, kenmore mprnocanne, soporhnk Gynasxann xpenst x. npoKnaaKe (pue. 126) « HamersiBaior no Kpaam. K nayesor cropone 210% aarovos) AMYOM XPENRT H _NpHMeTHIBAIOY nogsoporhnk, wa 0,1 em OY cpesa npoKnaann craunearor KONUS! H OT- net sopornnka, Motom noapesaior ocrpiie yrnbi mM paccexaigy mpi: AYCK He CTHIKE CTORKH H KOHUA sopornnxa (puc. 127). Bopothnk sbisopansaior Hank- 0, IOT NO KPARM HMPA yrowneaior. are nepernbaior ero No MAHKH crH6a CTORKM H abi meruisaror (pyc. 128). Cpea croiinn NOABOPOTHHKA OMyWaeTER ANH nee cpesa crohkh soporHn FO nOApABHHBAIOT TaK, WTO! punyck Ha wos Gein 1 cm. 3ACTEMKA C HACTPOYHBIMM TWAHKAMK B aannom caysae nnanka suiKpoe- no oTAenbHo % HacrpoweHa nM yeno# croponbi. Mnankn pos ‘akkyparHo © npxnycKOM Ha WOR 0,8 cm (Konmpowansinih crenox ne npnmenaior). MpoKianKn Bbi- kpansaior 6e3 NpAnycKoR Ka WOE h waknenbieaioy Ha HoHAHOMNYIO cropony AnAHKH, _NpHMeTBIBAIT, OAKH Kpem nnankn sarH6aroT He Apoxnaaxy NnpayTIOKKeaIor (pc. 129). Ha nananky nonown npHmersi- aaioT SaroToBneNny! nnanky H no npoknaaKe npwrawaaior Ha Ma winne (pme. 130). 3arem wos paayommeator (pc. 131). Tinanxy orrnbaior Ha nkiesyio cropony nonoun, npnmerbivaior wna 0,6 cm OF Kpan c nmyeson croponsi npmwHeaior Ha MaUnHe (pe. 132), C Amuesor croponb! sbipese Fopnossnbl npmkanbiaaioy W npHMe- Teibaror cped BTaYHBaHKR CrOHKH BopornnKa. Konus soporHnKa ROMs! TONNO cOBNAAET ¢ KPA smn NNAHOK, &@ CPEAHRA AMHR BoporHnka— co cpeane manner cenunni (pre. 133). Brawnsator noasopotHnK, —38- rorosnennbih cpes croviKn sopor- HwKa NaKnaAbiBaIOT Ha WOB, NAME Temator Ha 0,1 cm OF KPAX Npo- knanwinaior crpowny, snece Gyayr ase crpourn (pyc. 134). Foroesil, npayniomenHiili 80- POTHMK BMecTe c NnaHKaMn NpOct- PaunBaior OTAENONHOM CTPOMKOH wa Mmawnne wa 0,6 cm oF Kpax {pnc. 135), 3 KPYINbIA BOPOTHHK C KPYKEBOM MO 3ACTEKKE Ha pyc. 136 npeacrasnena 6ny3- ka c KPYFNbIM BOPOTHHKOM, C KPY- oeBOM HH OBOPKaMy NO 38CTeHK SACTEMKA Mnanka npaso# nonowKy aunxpoe- a OTAeMLHO, Nesax NONONKA Bbi- Kpoena smecte c O6rasKoH, KoTo- PYIO 3arnGaioT Ha HaHAHKy’ wane Finanky Kposr no Annie sacrex- 4, WMPHHOK 4,6 cm, K HaHBHOUNOH cropore —nnankn — npamersioaior qbmnsennnonyio npoKnaaKy wHpH- HoH 3 cM, ocranmas no Kpaam 0,8 cm npanycKa wa won (puc.137)- C mayen croponsi nnankK nps- mersisaior O6opKH HnK KBYMeDa. KKH NpaBsikt Kpak OBpasyer yeryn, nostomy Ha Hem KPYMe kpenst Ho 1 cm Hone Wem cre! (xe. 138). O6opKn no nesomy paid npwraunaaior Barorosnennyio nin Toeaior Ha WaHAHKY Npasom nonos- ku H npTaunsaior no Gopry ¥ Bepx- Y cpeay Ha 1,5 cm. Snece pac cexaior npunyck Ha wos (prc. 139). Finanky svisopasmeaior wa nmue- ayio cropony nonouKn, npume- HOT HE AMUEBOR CTOPOHEI NO kpaam npocrpaunsaior Her MaUMHe {pme. 140). ‘OBPABOTKA BOPOTHHKA K wanane nogsoporsiia np mereisaior npoKnaaKy «san Garor Ha Hee npHnycK Ha wos cpe- 2a crohKH, NpHMeTBIBAIOT M_—NPH- yriomusaior (pac. 141). Satem, emHoro nprnocaane, Gynaskamn Kpenst BoporHmi K moqsoporHnky. fo Kpasm aoporhink cmerbigaior H No OTneTy aBeTpAUHBaIOT Ha MAME, NO 3a KPYFNeHHAM B HECKONBKHX MecTax 2 Hawpeavor npunyer v2 wos (onc. 42). : Bopornk esisopasnsaror Hanno m2 Gonee Kpynnbimn cremnann sunersisaior 0 cepeanne sopor- sna (pc. 143). BTAYMBAHE BOPOTHHKA [enoco6 1-A) Bopotink K HaHaNKe shipesa nosis! Kpenst TaK, ToBM yronk coonann co cpeannmn {IMM NORONEK, & CPRAHSA nH HM BOPOTHHKA — co cpeaHen nX- Hem cnanwn. Boporn ‘Tateator, Npumepsion a mawnne (pyc. 144), Yaansior namerky, sarnBaior wa 31OT wos Mpunyck Ha wos cpeza sraweann® —nOABOPOTHMKa Hc mMueRo —cTOpoHst noawMsaior MenKimn cTeKKaMn Yepes Kpait (pac, 145). MIPHTAYHOR BOPOTHKYOK Mn HA NyroBHyAX Flo onucannomy cnocoby monHo o6pe6orat» nputaunbie soporHH- KM BOPOTHHKH Ha nyroBKUax, TonbKO TorAa sHavane He —noA- MBaIOT f6aIor npHnycK Wa wos ¢ crOMIGH, KOTOPHI MOMHO NAME nw Mpwereryrs i nN Koraa soporunn kpaie no cepeanne, To sy!o cropony cpesa cToliKn Ha knawinaior Kocyro OBTaNKY H NPH- yaupaior €6 Ha Mauune. 3aTem ornBaior Gelinols npunyex, noArH- Gaiot ee cpe3 H noaumsaror crem- kann wepea Kpah wn Hacrpasnea- jor Ha nonvopornak (pwc. 146). Mo o6rauke soporHnk npHne- rhwator K mAaTeIO HAM HO He npopesaior x o6pa6arsisaior ner- nM AB NPHCTerHBaKKA BOPOTHAKA Wa nyrosmup. 3 BTAMMBAHKE KPYTNOTO HSM NPAMOTO BOPOTHHKA [enoco6 2-H}, [puc. 147) Npouece o6pa6orkn _npamoro kaw KBYFAOFO BOPOTHMKA TaKOH Ke, ax 8 npenbiaywiem cnysee, Mus we aarn6aior npunycx Ma wos cpeza crolinn. O64 cnox rorosoro sopor- hike npHkanuiearoT H eMerbiBeIoT © MAYesOH CTOpOHM! aBIpera rop- omnis! Tax, TOEKI ero yronkn cosnann co cpeaneh amnnen nono Mek, @ CpeANAR AMHAS BopoTHN- M@— co CpeANeH mueMeh cnemnn, Barem Ho BoporHnk HaxneqLinaIoT nogGopt no cpeay roprotHnsl, Ko- Tophiit Ha nneuax cravan ¢ KOCOR oGraukok, coorserersyiouelt no ‘Qopme abipeay ropnoant Ha cMnH Nee, Bee. eran eraunaior Ha ma- unne (pHc. 148). B weckonsinx mecrax HaACeKaioT —NpMnYCK He paccromnnn 7—B cm oF KO BOPOTHIKA WOR CTO H Bb ‘pese ropnoanis npauneior K NOA- Bopry o6rauKe, actpaynearot a.0,2 cm oF npeAbAyweR crpowKn. Barem cpuxenpytor oBrauKy Ha nne- Wensix weax (pic. 149), BTAUHBAHME ANKHHOTO APAMOTO MAIOCKONEKALYETO BOPOTHHKA Ceiwwac moanb! yannnentbie 20- pothnun € npsmbinn MnH KOcbiMA yenamn (puc. 150). Dror BoporhiMK sTawMBaior TAK me KaK npeAbiayuyni, 3arorosnen- uli aopoTHnk NpHKANEIOBIOT H B Thiwaio? ¢ myeEoR crOpOH BEipe- 30 ropnonnibi GnyaKn HnH Kore, Naxnaqinaiot Wa Hero noAGopra, auikpoennule no opme supesa Topnosinis, Brawnsaior soporH famecre © NoAGoprann, no KOCOH hancexaior NpHnyeK Ha. woD 8 CTE ke aacrenin ¢ sopoTHMKom (PAC, 151), noa6opr orrnBaror na nanan Ky H oGmersmaroT cpea, OOP ILD BYAYHBAHKE BOPOTHHKA C 3ABSBIBAIOLIMMHCS. KOHWAMH LWapuwa 4 AnKHa sopoTHKKa ¢ s08naKoi Momer BbITs OWENS par Hoo6paana. Hesamncnmo oT 3T0F0, cnoco6 srayweanna omnnaKos, Ber pea ropnosnie ToKe MOmeT Gerth rayne nk cny6OKHM, H ecm Apegnonaraercs sacrenxa Na ny- TOBMYax, TO BOPOTHHK sTaYHEAIOT ak Ke, KOK ® ABYX NPRANAYLNE ApHmepax. B aaniom cnyyae npeacrasnen soporHnk ¢ ray6oKKm BbIPEIOM ropnosunst Gea sacrennn 48 me (puc. 152). j kocoh mmTH obiKpansaion i BopoTHNK, ero cKne~ mnyenbinn —croponamnt Mor cpeanet unui 5 Kamayto cropony Anwny, paBHyo ANNE Topnoshist ¢ npHnycKom wor 1 cm. Konus soporHnKa: pranaaioy. Konus HHTOK crPON aravisaior yanom. B Kone OcTOpOKHO _PACCEKAIOT K Ha wo (Puc. 153). BOPOTHAMKA TpeyromeHoro Bbipesa He momer BuiTe OcTpUIM, ANA pacnonomenKa 2a8R3KM ero cnpaannior. Ha KoHeu ssipesa FOpAoBHHil € mMYeLOH cTOpOHL! WakneawisaroT aonesnK 6X6 cH, APHMeTHIBAIOT HC MSHANKM MpHTa wHBaIOT Ha MAUIMNe, KOHUB! HHTER aaxpennaior, To yrnam genaior kocbie noapesbi npunyckos Ha Web! (prc. 154). 4106s auipea_rop- ODMH! HO pacrarMBancs, ero, cnerka npxnocaane, Avexnbi npo- CTpenneaior Ha mawhHe, AOGMBERCD APRMOR mMNHN Bbipese rOPNOBMHs, Doneank vepes avipes ropnosnnt BuimopaNnsarOT Ha MAHOHKY M_MPH- mereinaior no Kpasm. OAKH noi Boporanka npnKansisaior ¢ nnuesor TOPOHs! sbIpesa ropNOBHHbt TAK, wToGsi comnann cpeaHKe —AAKKH ROPOTHKKA mM CMHKM, @ KOHUS ‘cTpONKH BopoTHHKa —c noApEse- he HO KOHU YeeNeNHOrO BUIpEse Fopnoannsi (prc. 155). BoporHnk aMersinaior W eTaNMBaIOT Ha MaLIM- CaoGonmbii cpes sopornnxa aarn6aio Ha woe * noAWMnaior ‘menkann cream sepea Kpak (pve. 156). BTAYMB AHHE BAZAHOFO BOPOTHHKA Ech auipes ropnosnnet nmeer cKpYFneHKYIO opMmy, TO OH AON men Geite TaKOr pasmepa, Tou! ApoxomMna ronosa, MAK AOMKH Geire npeaycmorpendi aacrema, paspes. B qannom cnywe5e npea- crasnen Gonbwoi mbipea ropnosx Hel © KPYFMbiM B#2aHbIM BOPOTHA- om (puc. 157). OsPasorKA BMIPESA TOPnOsMHL Yr06s suipes ropnosMHel He pactanyncs, ero npensapurensHo oGerpauMsaior Wa mawnHe. Mo (bopme suipesa ropnosni! suiKpan- nar0T O6TaUKH WINPHHOH 3 cm, cra WHEBIOT NneveDKIe wWwBD!, pasyTio- mmBaior, ¢ mmyesok cTopoHs! Ha- knageimaiot Ha sbipea ropnoanns! (pre. 158) # npumersinaior. O6rax- ka 0 paamepy AOMKHA TONHO coorsercraosars ssipesy ropnosn- Helin Gonswe, HH MeHBWe. B neckonbKMK mecTax HaAceKaror ApunycKH Ha WO% Tipmumryio o6raxy svisopaun- sa10T Ha MaManKy HNO crnBy BLIME- ‘Teimaror. Ha t cm or oBpa6orannoro pas c mny@soh croponsi oBrauKy wacrpaunsaior (pac. 159). To o6pa6orannomy asipeay rop- AOBMHG! —MHYEELIMK — CTOROHAMH wapyry pacnonaraiot sopoTnnk, PasHonepHo pacnpegensior ero, Npunansisaior, npmmersinaor OAUINBAIOT cTEmKaMH Opes KPa (pnc. 160). OTAENK A BOPOTHHKA BMECTE € PA3PE30M Ha pyc. 161 npeacrasnen sopor- vit, KoTOpHid Brava ao paspesa Ha Ande. To AukHn coeAMHOHIR nopoTHnia € aipesom ropnoBHs, no Kpaam soporhnka no paspeay npononensi oTAenowHEIe CTPOMIH ToncToR wenKosoh HATKOR, Ha ananke nucba x HaMeNenHOMy paspeay npnmetbiwaior ¢nnaennn {pne. 162). Flonsopornne ¢ npn MeTOHHOR —AMIEAKHOROR MOK RoAKOR smersinaior H sTauMBdIoT 8 ropnosniy. B Heckonexnx mec- Tax paccewaior npynyck Ha wos (puc. 163) # pasyriommnaior ero. Berem x noR6Opty NO AHNW ropnosnnsi npwrewneaior cpeasi crojikn sopornnna (pac. 164), woe pacer} 0,6 cm or npeasiayuied crpouKn (prc. 165). Barorosnennni noaSopr ¢ s0- POTHHKOM npHKansisaior H MpH- MeTBIBAIOT K NKUEBOR CTOPONE NM- 2, © KaMaHOUHO CTOPOHb! NPH- Tewsaor wa Mawnne. B KOHYe paspesa qo crpowkH Kaacexaror punycx Ha wos (pHc. 166). Koraa sopornnk » paspes o6pa- Goranbi wa maWnHe, Hx meIBOpaNNEa- or Ha MaMONKY BbIMeTBIBaIOT NO kpasm, To paspeay wos oArarH- najor sosnytps, a no oTnery Bopor- nwa o6paayior Kant. BopotHnk phy TIOKHBaIOT M BMeCTe C Paspe- 30m orcTpaNieaioT Ha MawHHe Ho TeKOM Ke PACCTORHHH OT KPAR, KaK crpouxi (0,5—0,6 cm) no mecry Bra weaken BopotanKa (pyc. 167). Ha vananke noa6opr o6meTbisaioT BMecTe € PmHSENHHOM, @ BOPOTHHK Ro sbipeay ropnosni! Ha cnHHKe Roguineaior creamy Yepea KPa. 6 WEMBHOKPOEHHBIA BOPOTHHK OBPABOTKA BOPOTHHKA Dana yensuoxpoenneix sopor- Kos mODKeT OCTM! fpyAOBbIx sbiraueKe HM AMM, Bin, 90 opMe OHM moryT Beith lanensimn Hin ¢ nauKanamn. He- seeHcHmo oF BHeUIHETO Kpas, ace soporumicn o6paGareisatorcs OAM anono (prc. 168). Dna 21x BopotHnKos peKo- menayerca nazennnosan nnH anonaro6y manasa npoKnanKa, €& Ha crofky soporHnKa waKnaabl- maior npoknanKy 4 npHMeTbinator no cpezam ao mecta cru6a. Hem- foro npHnOcaAMB BOPOTHNK, OF frevescro wna no mecty crn6o Pewomenayercn npumerath neH- Touy nw oreuKy. Save Ha Bo- por NpKMeTHIBAIOT cnnsennt 18K, 4TOGwI OF Bbin cnerka nocaKeH to hanpasnennio crn6a BopoTHAK @nigennn no Copry noAuMaaror kpecroobpaanvinnn crenxamn Tak, yro6bi creKKH He npoceeynsann Ma nmyesoh cropone (puc. 169). ‘Sarem craumnaioy GoKosbie wos! hk araunnaior noAvopOTiOK 8 rOP- roomy crnwicn. Bee west paa- yrownearor (puc, 170). Crauwsaior cpeaHnit Woe Nero soporunxa, paayTioNHedIor 70 M, cnerKa nocaANe, NPAC Ha crsike sopornnna 1 Gopra no Nocoli HaRceKaIOT NPHNYCK Ha WOB (pre. 172). O6e Aerann ckansisaror, cMerbi- tor coeaRHmoT mo’ oTneTy ha MawHNe, Wabi pasyTionnBaroT {(pxc. 173). BopotHnk suisopaumsaior wann- to # suimersisaior no oF o6peaya Kanr. Ewe pas avin TWieaiot. soporHnk nocepeanne (ome 174). on Bopornne npyriomnsaior WaHAHKe mOAUIMBSIOT BHYTPEHHHA cpes. MPYTMLIA BLIPES TOPMOBHMHBI C PASPESOM Ha pyc. 175 npencrasnen xpyr- ‘aii sbipea ropnosmisi c paspesom Na nme, paapea_noavepKnyr ReKopaTnaHuimn cTposKamn. Ha wananne nia no Mecty paspes NamersiBaior AKsenKH HAM XMON- NaroBymanenyio TKaHs, no cpenwen AKHWM NATHOR OTMeUalor ANMHY paspesa m mecta crpo¥eK (PHC. 176). Crawmearor (waror nnewessie wes! nonGopros 1 o6- rou (pre. 177). Baroroanennyio o6rauKy ¢ Noa Goprann mMyesok cTOpoHOH Ha knageieaior Ha nKuUeRyIO CTOpOHY Iucpa, NpMMersisaror m HacTpAYK- ajor no auipeay ropnosnnei W pas- peay (puc. 178). No stipesy ropno- BHHAI B HECKONDKNX MeCTaX HAACE- kaior npunycK Ha wos, To ‘cpeavel nmin memay expouKamn paspeaaior 063 chow ean ana oBpasosanna paspesa (pnc. 179). O6rany ¢ noaGopramn BLiBopauMBaIoT Ha HIHAKKY NMDA, suimersieaioT no KpaRm, O6pasya want (pyc. 180). O6mersisaior pea, npumersieaior ero HMO Hae mewennon mMKMK NpOKNaAuNa!oT OTAERONHERE CTPONKH. 7 OBPABOTKA KPYTNOrO BBIPE3A TOP/IOBAHBI Onna nn HeckonKo o6raver ann o6pa6orkn Kpyrnoro _Buipe- 32 ropnosnnsi mo6oro paameps M KONGHTypAWHH gomvees Bui suiKpoenst © cooTeeTcraHN ¢ pop- mom auipeaa. Ha roToBKix BLiKpor Kax KOHTYpH! AeTANeH OGTaeK yxe Nawecensi. Een muiKpoliKa cox Faeren CaMOCTORTEMBHO, OKO Narenenas copia « pasmep auipe- 38 ropnonHiil He OnpeneneHL!, To 3ro peulaioy Ha NPKMEPKe, TORE vanenne cenansimaror sMecTe no nesienbim WiBaK % EPeAWHA NAHE am, aatem. pucyior na 6ymare unepoiiny o6raunn (puc. 181). Tipn enennn, o6TaviKy Ma ‘neneKoro sBipese ropnonntl ab xpansaior uensnok, Ges nnevesoro Use, Umpmnoi npamepHo 4 com, aneLunnA cpea o6mersIEaIOr. ‘OGrawey waenaasieaior —AMYOR wa nmyeayio cropony mHcpa, no auipeay nprMersisaior 4 npoctpa- Sneaior Wa MaulMne, —NpHNYCK Ha on 8 NecKonbinE mecTaX paccens- vor (pe. 182). ‘Barem saxpennsior KoHUDs crpOF ven, oGTaNKy OTrHGaioT Ha wos H.C meson croponb Ha 0,2 om oF peawiaywelt cTpowKn najor ee Ha wos (puc. 183). Obrawy orrnBaror a KaHaHKY, npmyriowomaor abipes roprosi fet 4 ceoGoaNnih cpea o6ravKn nogumeaior « nnevensim wean (pne. 184). Ocransok cpea He RORuMeaIOT, OH H Tax ByAeT nep- wearbe, Tak Kak WOB BraMe wa NacrpoNeN Ha OGTaNKy. Ecam Ha mmyesom cropone no Bbipe3y, ib! HOMONBHA CTPONKA, TO OGranKy Ha Woe BTaMBOHKS He nacrpauneaior. OBPABOTKA YETBIPEXYTONbHOTO: BBIPE3A TOPMIOBMHbI Mo ananorm ¢ npeasiayuinn o6pa6aruisaior 4 veTsipexyromsnuit auipea ropnosnnul. Mo dpopme eae ropnomunsi auiKpansaior ‘Tawi 4 CTAUMBAIOT MAeEDKIE WBA, Pasyriommsaror wes! « O6meTsBaioT bhetuHNe cpeasi. Baroromnennyio oBreuKy HaKne Avinaior Ha nMyenyro cTopony AAp>a, Rpumensisaior mM HacrpauNsaior, no yrnam paccenaior npunycen tion, o6rauKy orrMGaiot H HacTpe wager va, une obmas (puc. 185) wa 0,2 cm or npeawiay jel crpounn m aarm6aror O6r a HaHaNKY nuda. BHeunn Grave noaumeaior « nne uwnaas, OBPABOTKA _TPEYTONbHOTO BBIPE3A TOPNOBHHbI Ana roro wroBs He pactarnsancs apeyronsusiii suipea ropnosbn, ero O6crpauneaior Ha Manne H Toppasnueaior cpeaui. B ganHom enywae o6ravny KenaTeMbHo Re nae a tpex geTanek, oBrauKy tuipeze roproonnel cnHKKH M TPE yronkworo paspesa KpoaT no 0 Inevoi wnTH, rekum o6Pas0m no ce- Pennie cnepenn o6paayercs wo Terann o6raukn craneaior, wiab! pasyriowmsaior, eeMHM ‘cpes Shipanneaior ¥ o6mersiaaIOr. Baroroanennyio o6taxKy npHme- ThIBAIOT M NPHTAYMEAIOT TAK me KEK 2 npeawiayuynx cnywanx (pyc. 186). B neckomswnx mecrax no suipesy Fopnonnis! paccekaior npanycin He wos, noapessiot » oerpull yron. ‘OGrauxy orrnBaior, aaKpennsior x wa 0,2 em oF npeabiaywter crpos- vo waerpeNwaaior Wa woe (PHC. 187). Haxoneu o6rauky orrn6aior ha Auda, No Kalo suipesa Apuyrioxmeaior AuHAaIOT BHEWKNH cpes K nine im winar (puc. 188) Ke MomHO OBpaGorare mo6yIo ‘opmy auipeaa ropnos! » OBPABOTKA MPOAM Npokne o6pabarbisaior tax 26 kak Bsipeass roproamni. [lo popme pos rann obra ex (pre. 189), wie Wb! H pasyTionmsaror. O6- CroatensHo m oKoKMaTeNEHAR op- i ray6nna npoRmsl He Onpene- nex, 70 970 peulaior Ha npHMepKe. Tlocne npumepin nxt exnazieaiot smecte no nines nam» cope- Anne, oBpaayior nameNensyio ni- fino ‘npoliaabl mH HEXOAR H 2TOFO Renait aixpoikn Brave npoi- ‘Vao6neh npokmy o6pabarvisare oGrauKor 0 crauuanin GoKoubie twos (pyc, 190). Tax Ke Kax np o6paGorKe sbipe- 2a ropnonanss, o6rauKy OrrHBaior K wisy, aaxpennaior «no nAuesor cropone Macrpaunsaior a wos (pre. 191). ‘Boren cmeroisaior o6raKn, 60- konoit won, craunBaior Ha Mmauunne (pwc, 192), wos paayriommaaior. Breunnl cpea o6raskn Novum naior K nnewesbin » GoKoBbIM wna, Tak Ke KaK pK OBpaGorKe sbipesa ropnosni B netwx Kagenusx nonynapHbt rny6oKni suipes ropnosunsl npotim, ostomy wacto ¢ new co- ckansauiwaior Benseawie namnn. Ana npenorspauenna >r0ro awake nnevenoro. wea pexom AYETCA 2aKPenhTs yaKyIO HEHTONKY, SanH KoHeU KOTOPOH NoAWMBaIOT Y suipeaa ropnowHiisl, ApyroH KoWeU y Mpowaul xpensr wa KWonKe (pe. 193). “ O6PABOTKA BLIPESA FopnosHHet OMTYPHBI MH MAH AMM CBOPKAMM M3-OM HMX Ha pwc. 194 npeperaanen rpe- Yronsiuti euspes ropnosnnsi, o6pa- Goraniiai surypubinn nanan Wh eGopnann n2an0A HHX B paniom cnysae ana nepena Weo8roAWME ALE nnaKKH, ANA crn — Onna Chavana fenator c6opKy no Bb | pe3y ropnonuni w aaxpennsior He- evennyio anny (pyc. 195). No cpeavent nunnw chepeaK nance for npanycK Ha wo K cobpannomy ssipesy npume- ‘utawr onny Ha o6ravex nepena Ke npnrawneaior wa mausnne Kan fy® 42 NOnOLN 8 OTASNbHOCTH, Gpower co croponsi c6opox (woe ‘npana), (onc. 196). Grainy orraBaior KO way Tpuyrioweaior go TOMY sacrpa- Yneaior nMule ero mM noApesaior ApunyeR Ha woe B KOHYe CTPONKK (puc. 231). Brisopayneaior Hannyo. nok maroKerhl ¢ dmKzenHHO- sof mpoKnaaKol npamersiaaior « NY H npMTaNMMaIOT Ha MaWIKHE 232). Apyro cpea mannerot GaIoT HOA WBOM K NOAWMERIOT texxanoe wopes xpan (puc. 233). ‘xenannn, OB

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