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Ing. Luis Ahindel Castellanos Bassoult Ing. Luis Ahindel Castellanos Bassoult

1. Use Gamma Ray to locate your reservoir. Reservoirs normally have low gamma ray values. Non
reservoirs typically shales give high gamma ray reading. But, take note that for hot sands or shale
oil/gas reservoirs, gamma ray could be high as well.

2. Use specific lithology compatible scales for density-neutron (and maybe sonic too) so you can read
porosity right away.

A collection of little hacks to

3. If you are in a compatible scales porosity track (say for example limestone compatible scales for
density-neutron), moving one division to the left means +6 p.u. and to the right means -6 p.u. to your

petrophysical work that deliver

porosity values.

massive rewards fast 4. On compatible scales on your porosity track, look for separation between density and neutron
curves. If the neutron value is lower than density curve, probably you are in   a shale zone. If the
neutron value is higher than density curve, you are in a gas zone.

5. If the density-neutron overlay each other, you are in either in an oil or a water zone.

Material de apoyo.

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Ing. Luis Ahindel Castellanos Bassoult Ing. Luis Ahindel Castellanos Bassoult

6. If  you are in saline formation water environment, higher resistivity means hydrocarbon if your
porosity is good. If you have higher resistivity but your porosity is low, then you have tight formation.
Lower resistivity with higher porosity means you are in or close to a water bearing zone.
7. If you don’t have barite and weird additives in your drilling mud, use PEF to tell you about
lithology. PEF value of 1.8 B/E is for sandstone; 3 B/E, dolomite; and 5 B/E for limestone. PEF of
shale could range between 2 B/E to 6 B/E.
9. Know your water. We calculate water saturation, determinate water hold up, deal with water cut.
We need to know mud filtrate (if we use water based mud),  formation water salinity, water gradient
and more. Heck, we even calibrated most logging tools to simulate water bearing formations. The
point is, know your water properties.
10. There are five major types of water saturations that you need to know. From these, you over more
than 50 types of water saturations that you pick form.

8. Archie’s equations tends to give higher water saturation values in shaly-sand reservoir. You have to
use water saturations that corrects for the extra conductivity from clay minerals in your reservoir. You
have plenty to choose from. Choose the one that works for you.
11. There are five major steps in a petrophysical evaluations: (1) Plan (2) Acquire (3) Process (4)
Interpret and (5) Integration.
12. Permeability is a scalar factor. It’s useless to mention permeability values without meantioning the
scale and direction.