w ‘yr yo HUGUUUEIN TEDL edd dd dddad ‘Denortnent Of Ekctrical & Electronics Engineering NST Experiment no :01 Aim of the experiment To perform following tests on a single phase transformer {a) Ratio test (©) Polarity test. Apparatus required: S.No Instrument 7 Quantity | Type Range | - a 1 | ; Single phase varize | ' liens (Autoransformer) | | | | | 2 Voltmeter | 3 MI | t | 3 Connecting wires | Machine speci Transformer Type KVA Rating 2 Voltage Rating = > 220V Single phase, air cooled "w > wv ww Y Department Of Electrical & Electronics Engineering. MSIT Theory: Transformer is a static device which transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without any change in the frequency. The transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction between two windings placed on a common magnetic circuit A. Ratio test For a transformer the emf equation is E=4.446_v - Where, f = Frequency of supply, N= Number of turn in winding Induced voltage in primary winding , Ey =4.449,fN) & Corresponding voltage induced in secondary winding Ey = 4.444, £No B, Transformation Ratio Its the ratio of primary induced voltage to secondary induced voltage. Then transformation rati At no load V2= Ep with I, neglected V\= E; “+ js transformation ratio. So that> 5 » y 5 5 , y > > ‘Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,NSIT Circuit diagram:- | fa30v 230V (™) ‘50Hz | ; Fig 1.Circuit Diagram for ratio test on single phase transformer | 230] [230V 230V ae | ov lov © Fig 2: Chreuit Diagram for Subtyeclpolarity on single phase transformerri & > ~S ~ 3 > > ad S S S > PSOVHVUEEGLETIUHEODG III? | | | i 1 Department Of Electrical & Electronics EngineeringtSIT 230V ta ~ : Circuit Diagram for addi 4i ve. polarity on single phase transformer Fig Procedure:: «Make the connection of transformer, apparatus and supply as shown in figure a. «By auto transformer apply rated voltage and tal and V2. «Take different set of readings by reducing the voltage applied through auto ke the readings of voltmeter Vi transformer. Calcul: ‘Take the average value of V2/V; and finally the average value is approximately equal to the transformer ratio of transformer. ‘This test is performed to check the polarity of transformer windings.u w ww os “ww uw ww Department Of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, NSIT Theory: Polarity ends of the two windings of a transformer are those ends that acquire simultancously positive and negative polarity of Emf induced in them. To determine the polarity of a transformer, the two windings of transformer are ;, series connected two connected in series and one voltmeter is connected acro: windings. Transformer is excited by voltage source .The two type of polarity exist, additive polarity and subtractive polarity. In case of additive polarity as shown in figure V3 will be (V+V2), summation of V; and V2. In case of subtractive polarity as shown in figureV; will be difference of V, and V2. Procedure: 1. Connect the apparatus as shown in figure (2). 2. Note down the readings of V;, V2 and Vs, 31f VseVitV> then polarity is additive and if V3=Vi-V2 then polarity is subtractive. wt fsDepartment Of Electrical & Electronics Engineering. NSIT Observati A. For ratio test Primary applied voltage | Secondary terminal | Transformation ratio S.No. vi voltage V2 vv, B, For polarity test , ) Additive polarity ; Ve Vo= Subtractive polarity , Z ae Vs : Result:- , = > 1, The transformation ratio = 2. The polarities of windings have been tested.> oe w > > > > > > PIVOSHNUVUEDGEYI TUE III IdEY Department Of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, NSIT Precautions:- 1. All connections should be tight. 2. The circuit should be according to circuit diagram. 3. The power should be on when the circuit is checked completely. Conclusion:- Discussion questions:- 1 What do you mean by turn ratio of transformer? 2.What do you mean by transformation ratio of transformer? 3,What is the use of polarity test.