Benjamin Franklin was born on January 17 in 1706 and died on April 17 in 1790.

Was an
American printer and publisher, author, inventor and scientist, and diplomat. One of the
foremost of the Founding Fathers, Franklin helped draft the Declaration of Independence
and was one of its signers. He made important contributions to science, especially in the
understanding of electricity, and is remembered for the wit, wisdom, and elegance of his
writing.
As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of
physics for his studies of electricity, and for charting and naming the Gulf Stream current. As
an inventor, he is known for the lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove, among others.
He founded many civic organizations, including the Library Company, Philadelphia's first fire
department, and the University of Pennsylvania. Franklin earned the title of "The First
American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity, and as an author
and spokesman in London for several colonies.
Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city
in the colonies, publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at age 23. He became wealthy
publishing this and Poor Richard's Almanack, which he wrote under the pseudonym "Richard
Saunders". After 1767, he was associated with the Pennsylvania Chronicle, a newspaper
that was known for its revolutionary sentiments and criticisms of the policies of the British
Parliament and the Crown.
His life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and his status as one of America's
most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honored more than two centuries after
his death on the $100 bill, warships, and the names of many towns, counties, educational
institutions, and corporations, as well as numerous cultural references and with a portrait in
the Oval Office. Over his lifetime, Franklin wrote or received more than 30,000 letters and
other documents, which since the 1950s have been collected in The Papers of Benjamin
Franklin, published by both the American Philosophical Society and Yale University.

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