-10- 7 3. (a) _Figure4 illustrates the events that take place during the human menstrual cycle. Hormone ¥ ‘Concentration of hrm ‘Time (weeks) onc Om 2 ‘Time (weeks) Figure 4, Human menstrual cycle (@) Identify Hormones X and ¥ and the event occurring at Z. (i) What is the role of EACH hormone in the menstrual cycle? x ‘@marks) GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE al 01207020" 2017 L DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA ‘DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREAcr “m 7 (iii) Name the organ that produces Hormones X and Y. j : ‘ om z eee cranes edig tld = ‘the ovum occurs. : : nie g (marks) (b) Some contraceptive pills contain hormones. Suggest how this may prevent pregnancy. ‘DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA (©) Acdrug company is developing a male contraceptive pill. Suggest THREE ways in which this could prevent pregnancy. G marks) ‘Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA (01207020F 2017 L ov3. The following are drawings of a red bean seed that has been soaked in water for twenty-four hours. (@) (b) () @ Figure 3.1. External view Figure 3.2 Internal structure Fully label the drawings to show the main parts of the seed. (S marks) After soaking in water for twenty-four hours, the part labelled X elongated (grew). ‘What changes took place in the seed to bring about growth in part X? (3 marks) Explain why it is important for plants to produce seeds with large amounts of stored food. G Identify THREE environmental factors that affect the rate of growth of a seedling. (marks) ‘Total 14 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/JANUARY/F 2006age 2 @ @ Complete Table 2 to show the differences between plant and animal cells. TABLE 2: COMPO! ‘NTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS Cell Component Plant cell Animal cell Cell membranes Present Present Cell walls Nuclei Present Present Mitochondria Chloroplasts Absent (S marks) (ii) State ONE function of EACH of the following organelles: Mitochondrion Chloroplast 01207020/JANUARY/F 2011 (2 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,(>) Inn investigation on plant cells and animal cells the changes shown in Figure | are ob- served. Plant cell Animal cell Cells at the start of the investigation Plant cell ‘Animal cell Cells after one hour Figure 1. Cells in the investigation (Name the process that causes the change in the appearance of both cells. (mark) Gi) Explain why the process named in (b) (i) above is important to plant cells. (2 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 01207020/JANUARY/F 2011-6- (iii) The plant cell becomes turgid afier one hour. Suggest why cell turgidity is useful to the plant. (mark) (iv) Why does the animal cell burst but the plant cell does not? marks) ‘Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/JANUARY/F 2011-15- 6 (a) _ Differentiate between an ‘allele’ and a ‘gene’ (4 marks) (b) __Atropical plant species produces flowers that are either purple or white. The purple colour is found to be dominant to the white. (i) Using P as the symbol, state the possible genotypes of the purple flowers. (ii) Aplant breeder obtained flowers that were purple in successive crops of the same plant species. However, in one crop he obtained a few white flowers. Using a genetic diagram, illustrate how he got white flowers in a crop of the same plant species. (8 marks) (©) Genetically identical offspring sometimes show differences in phenotype. Suggest why such differences may occur. (G marks) Total 15 marks Answer Part (b) (ii) here. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/JANUARY/F 20114 (a) (b) © @ -l- s TION B Answer ALL questions. Write your answer in the space provided at the end of each question. Describe photosynthesis in green plants. (5 marks) With the aid of a fully annotated diagram, explain how the visible external features of a green dicotyledonous leaf aid the process of photosynthesis. @ marks) When leaves fall from plants, microorganisms feed on them. (What is the name given to these microorganisms? (ii) Explain how this type of nutrition differs from photosynthesis. @ marks) ‘There are advantages and disadvantages when leaves fall from plants. Suggest TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages to a plant, when leaves fall from it (4 marks) Total 15 marks Space for diagram (b) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/JANUARY/F 20125. (a) __ Using a diagram, illustrate how any THREE named processes are involved in the recycling of carbon in nature. (6 marks) (b) @ Gi Gi) 01207020/F 2009 ‘Sometimes human activity abnormally affects natural cycles. Suggest TWO ways in which human activity contributes to an abnormal rise in levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. ‘Suggest ONE likely consequence of abnormally high carbon dioxide levels on ecosystems. ‘Suggest TWO ways in which carbon dioxide levels can be controlled. (9 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE