$$ $< — << DOCUMENT RESUME: ED as 22 FL 025 627 ‘AUTHOR Khubehandans, Lachman TITLE Plurilingual Ethos: A Peep into the Sociology of Language PUB DATE 1998-01-00 yore, 35p.; Paper presented at the Internation#1 Sesinar on Multilingualism (New Delhi, India, January 1998) pu TPs, Yournal Articles (080) -- Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) JOURNAL CIT Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics; v24 ni p5-37 Jan-gun 1998 DRS PRICE Mr0i/?C02 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Bilingualism; Diachronic Linguistice; Educational History; Foreign Countries; Language Research; tLanguage Role: vMultilingualism; *Sociocultural Patterns IDENTIFIERS sindia; *Pakistan ‘ABSTRACT Issues in che study of bilingualiem and multilingualism in India and Pakistan are examined, including the delineation of linguistic boundaries, defining a society that is multicultural and yet has developed a “communication ethos" based on a core of common experience, the difficulty in Interpreting Language role and defining language usage in a multicultural area, the relationship between language identity and communication, definition of bilingual identity, and the role of the government and language elite(s) in language identity. Three indexes of prominent language pressure that affect language use in ® iver area are described: the state language pressure index; Hindi-Urdu pressure index; and English pressure index. It ia concluded that the Indian experience suggests that a genuine understanding of multicultural eocieties will be guided largely by viewing language as a synergistic network inspiring trust in cross-cultural settings while empowering the particular. Contains 38 references. (MSE) . 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