VIMAL TORMAL PODDAR BCA COLLEGE

VEER NARMAD SOUTH GUJARAT

UNIVERSITY (VNSGU)

SEMINAR REPORT

ON

Data Recovery

As Partial Requirement for the

Degree Of
Bachelor of Computer Applications
[B.C.A]

Year: 2023-24

Guided By:
Prof. Aarti Jariwala

Submitted By:
Ghanshyam Patel BCA (Sem VI) SeatNo:1463
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It has been said that we are built on the shoulder of others. For everything we
have achieved, the credit goes to all those who has really helped me in completing
this Seminar successfully.

We are thankful to Prof. Aarti Jariwala for providing me the guidance and
sparing their valuable time for me, as a result that i could successfully complete my
Seminar. Without this assistance and guidance, it would have been difficult to complete
the Seminar.

I thank our college for providing us with good faculties, Digital library, and project
laboratory facilities which helped me to enrich my knowledge. Also i am very much
thankful for our college Vimal Tormal Poddar BCA College, which provide me a good
study environment & available access to get literature.

Finally, i wish to thank my parents and friends who directly or indirectly

helped me in completion of this Seminar.

Ghanshyam Patel

Seat No: 1439

 Abstract

Data recovery means retrieving lost, deleted, unusable or inaccessible data that
lost for various reasons. Data recovery not only restores lost files but also recovers
corrupted data. On the basis of different lost reason, we can adopt different data
recovery methods.

The most common data recovery scenarios involve an operating system failure,
malfunction of a storage device, logical failure of storage devices, accidental damage
or deletion, etc. (typically, on a single-drive, single-partition, single-OS system), in
which case the ultimate goal is simply to copy all important files from the damaged
media to another new drive.

In the present world computer market offers storage of huge data in the digital
form and they are stored in devices such as internal and external drives, USB flash
drives, memory cards of phone and cameras and CD/DVD devices in the file format and
takes some storage space of drives! the stored data can #eaccidentally deleted or
formatted, in either case the files or data is lost and there comes the need of data
recovery! Data recovery is possible because the link to file is deleted from the memory
but it exists in memory!

Data recovery means retrieving

lost, deleted, unusable or
inaccessible data that lost
for various reasons. Data
recovery not only restores
lost files but also recovers
corrupted data. On the basis of
different lost reason, we can
adopt different data
recovery methods. There are
software and hardware reasons
that cause data loss,
while we can recover data by
software and hardware ways.
Being different from
prevention and backup, data
recovery is the remedial
measure. The best way to insure
the security of your data is
prevention and backup
regularly. To operate and use
your
data according to the normative
steps, you can reduce the
danger of data loss to the
lowest. In the present world
computer market offers storage
of huge data in the digital
form and they are stored in
devices such as internal and
external drives, USB flash
drives, memory cards of phone
and cameras and CD/DVD
devices in the file format
and takes some storage space of
drives. The stored data can be
accidentally deleted
or formatted, in either case the
files or data is lost and there
comes the need of data
recovery. Data recovery is
possible because the link to file
is deleted from the memory
but it exists in memory.This
seminar paper tells more about
data recovery, the essence
of data recovery, recovery
techniques, phases of data
recovery and a lot more
Data recovery means retrieving lost, deleted, unusable or inaccessible data that
lost for various reasons. Data recovery not only restores lost files but also
recover corrupted data. On the basis of different lost reason, we can adopt different
data recovery methods. There are software and hardware reasons that cause data loss,
while we can recover data by software and hardware ways. Being different from
prevention and backup, data recovery is the remedial measure. The best way to in sure
the security of your data is prevention and backup regularly.
 Index
1. Introduction.................................................................................................01
2. What Is Data?.........................................................................................03
3. What is Data Loss?..................................................................................04
4. What Causes Data Loss?..........................................................................06
5. Common Computer Problems……………………………………………..09
6. How to Prevent Data Loss………………………………………………….10
7. What is Data Recovery?............................................................................12
8. Data Recovery Techniques………………………………………………….20
9. Advantages and disadvantages……………………………………………..25
10. Future scope…………………………………………………………………26
11. Summary…………………………………………………………………….27
12.Reference…………………………………………………………………….28
 1. Introduction:

 Data recovery is the process of retrieving data from a storage device that has
become inaccessible or corrupted in some way. This can happen due to a
variety of reasons, such as hardware failure, accidental deletion, virus attacks,
and more. The goal of data recovery is to restore the lost or damaged data so
that it can be used again.

 The process of data recovery involves several steps, including identifying the
source of the problem, diagnosing the extent of the damage, and using specialized
software and tools to extract the data from the affected device. In some cases, data
recovery may require the assistance of a professional service that specializes in this
area

 It is important to note that not all data can be recovered, and the success of data
recovery depends on the type of damage that has occurred. It is also essential to
take preventative measures, such as regular backups, to avoid data loss in the first
place.

 Data recovery is a complex process that requires specialized knowledge and

tools. There are several factors that can affect the success of data recovery,
including the type of storage device, the cause of the data loss, and the extent
of the damage. Here are some more details on data recovery:

 Types of storage devices:

 Data can be stored on various types of devices, including hard drives, solid-state
drives (SSDs), USB flash drives, memory cards, and optical media (such as CDs
and DVDs). Each type of device has its own unique characteristics and challenges
when it comes to data recovery.

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  Types of storage devices:
 Data can be stored on various types of devices, including hard drives, solid-state
drives (SSDs), USB flash drives, memory cards, and optical media (such as CDs
and DVDs). Each type of device has its own unique characteristics and challenges
when it comes to data recovery.

 Causes of data loss:

 Data can be lost due to a variety of reasons, including hardware failure, accidental
deletion, formatting, partitioning errors, virus attacks, and more. Some types of
data loss are more severe than others, and the success of data recovery depends on
the extent of the damage.

 Extent of damage:
 The extent of the damage can also affect the success of data recovery. For example,
if the storage device has suffered physical damage (such as a scratched disk or a
broken hard drive), it may be more difficult to recover the data than if the data was
simply deleted accidentally.

 Data recovery process:

 The data recovery process typically involves several steps, including identifying
the source of the problem, diagnosing the extent of the damage, and using
specialized software and tools to extract the data from the affected device. The
process may be more complex for certain types of devices or causes of data loss.

 Overall, data recovery is a complex and challenging process that requires

specialized knowledge and tools. If you experience a data loss event, it is important
to take action as soon as possible to maximize the chances of successful data
recovery.

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 2. What Is Data?

 In computing, data refers to any information that is stored, processed, or

transmitted by a computer or other digital device. This information can take many
different forms, such as text, numbers, images, audio, or video.

 Data is typically represented in a digital format using binary code, which is a series
of ones and zeros that can be interpreted by a computer. This binary code is used to
represent everything from simple text characters to complex multimedia files.

 Data is stored on various types of digital storage devices, such as hard drives, solid-
state drives, USB flash drives, memory cards, and optical media. Data can also be
transmitted over networks, such as the internet or a local area network (LAN), or
wirelessly using technologies such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

 Data is used in a wide range of applications, from basic word processing and email
to complex scientific simulations and machine learning algorithms. The importance
of data in modern computing cannot be overstated, as it is the foundation for most
of the applications and services we use on a daily basis.

 Is data” is that data is different types of information usually formatted in a

particular manner. All software is divided into two major categories:
programs and data. We already know what data is now, and programs are
collections of instructions used to manipulate data.

 Data can come in the form of text, observations, figures, images, numbers, graphs,
or symbols. For example, data might include individual prices, weights, addresses,
ages, names, temperatures, dates, or distances. Data is a raw form of knowledge
and, on its own, doesn't carry any significance or purpose.

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 Data are units of information.

Data can be collected on any topic and for any purpose, meaning that
it is used in everything from scientific research and finance to
business management and retail.

In schools, data is often collected in science and maths through

investigations.

Data Recovery Page 4

 3. What is Data Loss?

 Data has accidentally been erased or data control structures have been overwritten.
 Data has been corrupted or made inaccessible.
 Data is unable to be accessed from a previous functioning computer system or
backup.
 Data loss is the unintended or accidental loss of electronic data or information. This
can happen due to various reasons such as hardware or software failures, viruses or
malware attacks, power outages, natural disasters, human errors, or intentional
deletion or theft. When data is lost, it can be difficult or impossible to retrieve, and
this can have serious consequences for individuals or organizations that rely on that
data for their daily operations. It is important to have backup and recovery systems
in place to minimize the risk of data loss and to be prepared for any potential data
loss scenarios.
 Data loss is a situation where important electronic data or information becomes
inaccessible, corrupted, or permanently destroyed. This can happen due to a variety
of reasons, including:

1. Hardware failure: Data can be lost when the storage device or hardware that contains
it fails. This can happen due to issues like overheating, wear and tear, or physical
damage.

2.Software failure: Data can be lost due to issues with the software or operating
system that manages it. This can happen due to bugs, compatibility issues, or corrupt
software.

3.Human error: Data can be lost due to human error, such as accidentally deleting files
or formatting the wrong drive.

4.Malware or hacking: Data can be lost due to cyber attacks like viruses, ransomware,
or hacking attempts.

5. Natural disasters: Data can be lost due to natural disasters such as floods, fires, or
earthquakes.

Data Recovery Page 5

 Part 1. Common Cause of Android Data Loss

1. Accidental Deletion
While deleting unwanted messages and contacts, many people delete photos, videos, and important
documents that lead to a series of panic events. And in case you clicked on the Delete All option, you
for sure aren’t going to get the lost data back.

You’ll be surprised to find that more than 30% of data loss is because of accidental deletion. Losing a
very precious photo is going to hurt so much more than getting stung by a bee.

2. Factory Reset
Were you ever in a situation where you gave your phone to a kid to play and he unknowingly clicked on
Factory Reset, making you lose everything from applications to the most recent call you made? Even
though it is one of the most common data loss reasons for Android users, you can recover everything
that you’ve lost.

Recommend: How to Recover Lost Data from Android after Factory Reset

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 3. Phone Broken
Your phone not switching off is a classic cause of Android data loss. The nightmare doesn’t stop there
because you are standing at a huge probability of having to throw your phone because it is broken
beyond repair. The damage can be physical including the phone getting burnt in a fire or falling in the
swimming pool.

Water spill is a very common cause of data loss, which is completely avoidable. Phones are water
resistant up to a certain depth but if it is too deep, be ready to say goodbye to your beloved gadget.
Something as small as water spills can corrupt all the files on your Android mobile phone.

4. Theft/Lost
If you have a tendency to lose things, including your Android mobile phone, you will face repeated
high-cost purchases. Most of the mobile phones are stolen in crowded places like the airport, train
station, or grocery stores. Before heading out of any of these locations, check your pocket for your
mobile phone.

Recommend: How to Find or Track a Lost or Stolen Android Phone Quickly

5. Upgrade OS
Avoid data loss by regularly upgrading your operating system. Waiting too long to update can cause
data loss and even though some of it will be stored on the cloud (in case were smart to store it there), it
will take you hours to download all the content.

You never know which of the above causes can result in data loss. We store all our information and
losing it not the nicest feeling in the whole wide world. Here are some tips on how to prevent data loss.

Data Recovery Page 7

Data Recovery Page 8
4. Common Computer Problems
 Slow performance: Your computer might be running slowly due to a variety of
reasons, such as too many programs running at once, insufficient RAM or hard
drive space, or outdated hardware.

 Crashing or freezing: Your computer might be crashing or freezing due to software

or hardware issues, such as corrupt files, conflicting programs, or overheating.

 Blue screen of death: A blue screen of death (BSOD) is a critical error that causes
your computer to shut down and display a blue screen with an error message. This
can be caused by various issues such as hardware failure, corrupt software, or
driver issues.

 Viruses and malware: Your computer might be infected with viruses or malware,
which can cause a range of problems, such as slow performance, pop-ups, or data
loss.

 Internet connectivity issues: Your computer might have problems connecting to the
internet due to issues with your network, router, or modem.

 Hardware issues: Your computer might have hardware issues, such as a

malfunctioning keyboard or mouse, a broken screen, or a faulty power supply.

 Software compatibility issues: Your computer might have problems running certain
software due to compatibility issues with your operating system, hardware, or other
installed software.

 These are just a few examples of common computer problems that users might
encounter. If you are experiencing any of these issues, it is important to
troubleshoot the problem and take steps to resolve it to avoid further damage to
your system.

1. Computer won't start.

2. System crash.
3. Slow computer / Frozen screen.
4. Slow internet / Dropped internet.
5. Overheating.
6. OS acting abnormally.
7. Computer restarting by itself.

Data Recovery Page 9

What are some of the most common problems with file systems?

 A file system is the most important part of an operating system.

It is responsible for managing all the files and directories on a
computer. Without a file system, a computer would not be able
to store or retrieve any data. There are many different types of
file systems, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
The most common problems with file systems are
fragmentation, metadata corruption, and performance issues.

File corruption
 File corruption is one of the most common problems with file systems.
It can occur for a variety of reasons, such as power surges, hardware
failures, or software glitches. When a file becomes corrupted, it may
become unreadable or unusable. In some cases, data may be lost
entirely.
 There are a few things that you can do to reduce the risk of file
corruption. First, make sure to back up your files regularly. This way, if a
file does become corrupted, you will have a copy that you can use to
restore it. Second, avoid using unreliable storage devices. If possible,
only store your files on quality hard drives or SSDs. Finally, keep your
software up to date. Software updates often include fixes for known
issues that could cause data corruption.

File fragmentation
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  File fragmentation is one of the most common problems with file
systems. When a file is created, it is typically stored in a contiguous
block of disk space. However, as the file is modified and deleted, the
blocks of disk space can become scattered and fragmented. This can
cause performance degradation as the file system has to search for all
the pieces of the file when it wants to access it.
 There are two main ways to defragment a file system: online
defragmentation and offline defragmentation. Online defragmentation
requires that the file system be mounted and available for use while the
process runs. This can be disruptive to users as it may impact
performance while the process is running. Offline defragmentation
requires that the file system be unmounted and unavailable for use
while the process runs. This is less disruptive to users but can take
longer to complete, depending on the size of the file system.

File inaccessibility
 When a file system is unable to be accessed, it can be due to a
number of reasons. The most common problems with file
systems are:
 File system errors: File system errors can occur due to
improper shutdowns, hardware issues, or malware infections.
These errors can cause files to become inaccessible or even
corrupted.

 Permission issues: If you don't have the necessary permissions

to access a file, you won't be able to open it. This can happen if
the file is protected by a password or if you don't have the
appropriate user privileges.

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  Corrupted files: A file can become corrupted due to various
reasons such as hardware issues, software bugs, or malware.
Corrupted files cannot be opened or accessed.

 Disk errors: Hard disk errors can prevent you from accessing
files stored on the disk. These errors can be caused by bad
sectors on the disk, hardware issues, or file system corruption.

 Deleted files: If you accidentally delete a file, it will no longer

be accessible. However, in some cases, it may be possible to
recover the deleted file using data recovery software.

File inaccessibility
1) File system corruption
2) Incorrect file permissions
3) Incompatible file system
4) Damaged hard drive
5) Malware or viruses

How to prevent file system problems

 The most common problems with file systems are
fragmentation, inode exhaustion, and corrupted Superblocks.
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  Fragmentation occurs when the files on a file system become
scattered across the disk drive, causing the file system to take
longer to access them. In order to prevent fragmentation, it is
important to defragment your file system regularly.
 Inode exhaustion happens when the number of free inodes on
a file system becomes exhausted. This can happen if the file
system is not properly maintained and new files are constantly
being created without old ones being deleted. To prevent
inode exhaustion, it is important to clean up your file system
regularly and delete unused files.
 Corrupted Superblocks can cause a lot of problems for a file
system. A Superblock contains information about the entire
file system, such as the location of all the files and directories.
If it becomes corrupted, it can cause severe data loss. In order
to prevent this from happening, it is important to make regular
backups of your Superblock.

Conclusion
There are a number of common problems that can occur with file
systems. These include file corruption, data loss, and performance
issues. In order to avoid these problems, it is important to
regularly back up your files and to keep your file system clean and
well-organized.

5. How to Prevent Data Loss

 Don’t upgrade hardware or software without having a backup
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  Physically secure your system from intruders
 Use firewalls and virus protection
 Be prepared for physical disasters

1. Regularly backup your data: Make sure you regularly backup your
important files and data to an external hard drive or cloud storage. This
way, if you lose your original files, you can always recover them.
2. Use reliable anti-virus and anti-malware software: Viruses and malware can
corrupt or delete your data, so it's essential to have reliable anti-virus and
anti-malware software installed on your computer. Make sure you keep
your software up to date to ensure maximum protection.
3. Keep your operating system and software up to date: Updates often include
bug fixes and security patches that can help prevent data loss caused by
software bugs and vulnerabilities.
4. Implement strong passwords and multi-factor authentication: Use strong
and unique passwords for all your accounts and enable multi-factor
authentication where possible. This way, even if someone gains access to
your account, they won't be able to access your data without the second
authentication factor.
5. Be cautious when opening emails and attachments: Phishing emails and
attachments can infect your computer with malware, so be cautious when
opening emails and attachments from unknown sources.
6. Use a surge protector: Power surges can damage your computer and cause
data loss. Using a surge protector can help protect your computer and data
from electrical damage.
7. Educate yourself and your team: Educate yourself and your team on how to
prevent data loss, including best practices for data backup, password
security, and safe browsing habits. This way, everyone can work together to
prevent data loss.

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 6. What is Data Recovery?

1. Data recovery can be defined as a process of obtaining the information located on a

storage device that cannot be accessed by the standard means due to its previous
deletion or certain damage to the digital medium. Different approaches are used to
regain the missing files, yet, only on the condition that their content is present
somewhere within the storage. For instance, data recovery doesn't cover the
situations when a file has never been written to a persistent storage, like documents
that were created but could not be eventually saved to the hard disk drive due to a
power failure. Also, none of the existing restore methods can cope with the cases of
permanent erasure which occurs when some other information occupies its storage
space – under such circumstances, the lost files can only be retrieved from an
external backup.

2. In general, data recovery techniques are divided into two types: software-based and
ones involving the repair or replacement of the damaged hardware components in a
laboratory setting. A software-based approach is employed in the majority of cases
and involves the use of specialized utilities able to interpret the logical structure of
the problem storage, read out the required data and deliver it to the user in a usable
form for further copying. Physical repairs are conducted by specialists in the most
severe instances, for example, when some mechanical or electrical parts of the
drive no longer work properly – in this case, all the measures are directed towards a
one-time extraction of the critical content, without the possibility of continued
usage of the affected device.
3. Data recovery is the process of restoring data that has been lost, deleted, corrupted,
or otherwise inaccessible due to various reasons such as hardware failure, software
corruption, virus attacks, accidental deletion, natural disasters, or human error.

4. Data recovery involves using specialized software tools and techniques to recover
lost data from various storage devices such as hard drives, solid-state drives, USB
drives, memory cards, and other storage media.

5. The process of data recovery involves identifying the cause of data loss and then
using appropriate techniques to recover lost data. This may involve repairing or
replacing damaged hardware, restoring data from backup, or using data recovery
software to recover lost files.

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 6. Data recovery can be a complex and time-consuming process, depending on the
severity of data loss and the type of storage media involved. It is always
recommended to seek the help of a professional data recovery service provider for
critical data recovery scenarios.

There are total 4 types of data recovery:-

1. Logical data recovery. If the reason behind your data loss has nothing to do with
your hard drive but is a result of your computer backstabbing you, logical data
recovery can be used. ...
2. Physical data recovery. ...
3. Instant data recovery. ...
4. Continuous protection of data.

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What are the 4 types of data recovery?
There are several ways your data can end up being lost. Whenever this happens, before
losing your mind, breathe and think logically. There are ways you can retrieve the data,
so stressing about it is of no use indeed. Instead, make sure you have adequate knowledge
about your situation and have the correct mindset to decide what to do next.

Essentially, there are four major types of data recovery processes that can help you get
your data back.

So, what are the different types of recovery systems? Let’s find out! This section will
give you all you need to know about the four data recovery techniques.

Logical data recovery 

If the reason behind your data loss has nothing to do with your hard drive but is a result
of your computer backstabbing you, logical data recovery can be used. When your hard
drive is functioning perfectly well but your data is gone, your operating system might be
the culprit.
 
Your hard drive data can be uninterpretable because of a damaged file system. In such
cases, you can actually recover a portion of your lost data if you can repair the file system
or the corrupted partition table using data using specialized software that aids in data
recovery. In most cases, such data losses can be retrieved using simple methods. In rare
cases though, you may need to seek expert intervention.

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  Physical data recovery
 Your data can be lost owing to physical damage to your hard drive. The process of
salvaging data from a physically crashed hard drive is called physical data
recovery. When your hard drive is dead or damaged, you will hear a loud and
constant clicking noise from the drive. This hints at the necessity of a hard drive
repair.

 Physical damage will definitely cause some data to be lost. There are several
reasons that can cause physical damage to a hard drive including overheating,
being exposed to a higher temperature, humidity, or moisture penetration. There
are internet ways of retrieving a dead hard drive, but they are mostly myths and can
cause more damage than salvation.

 It is smart to seek professional help for physical data recovery if your data is
important to you. Professionals or experts will make sure you get your essential
data back.

 Instant data recovery

 Instant data recovery restores your data through direct backups that make it easy to
quickly restore the files. This process can be used if there is a software-related
issue that caused the data loss and is disabling you from getting access to the data
in your computer.

 What technicians do in such a case is back up the data from your computer and
send it to another storage device. Once your computer starts functioning perfectly,
it will transfer or send the data back to your device.

 Continuous protection of data

 Prevention is better than recovery- we all know this
saying. It works in the case of digital data as well. Since
our data is prone to damage, it is logical to try to prevent
data loss. Professional technicians now offer both
recovery and prevention services.

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  They offer software services and backup measures which
will save your data from being lost eternally. This
technique is best applicable in case of data loss caused by
a virus attack.
 The services include software measures, mitigation
methods of malware, as well as automated backup
measures that can be designed such that your data will
back up automatically at certain intervals. This will ensure
the continued protection of your data.

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 8. Data Recovery Techniques
 Data recovery techniques are used to recover lost or deleted data from
various storage media such as hard drives, memory cards, USB drives,
and more. Here are some commonly used data recovery techniques:

 Backup: The easiest and most effective way to recover lost data is to have
a backup of the data. Regular backups ensure that you have a copy of
your important data in case of any unexpected data loss.

 Software Recovery: There are many data recovery software programs

available that can scan the storage media and recover lost or deleted files.
These software programs use various algorithms to recover data from the
storage media.

 Hardware Recovery: In some cases, the storage media might be

physically damaged or malfunctioning. In such cases, hardware recovery
techniques are used to recover data. This involves opening the storage
device and repairing or replacing the damaged components.

 Data Recovery Services: If the data loss is severe, or if the hardware

recovery techniques are unsuccessful, then data recovery services may be
required. These services use specialized equipment and techniques to
recover data from damaged or inaccessible storage media.

 Cloud Backup: Many cloud storage services offer automatic backup

options. In the event of data loss, the data can be retrieved from the cloud
backup.

 It is important to note that data recovery is not always successful.

Therefore, it is essential to take regular backups of important data to
prevent data loss.

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 1. Backup recovery: This technique involves restoring data from a
backup copy that was created before the loss or corruption occurred. It
is one of the easiest and most effective methods for data recovery.
However, for this technique to work, you must have a backup copy of
your data that is current and up to date.

2. Undelete recovery: This technique can recover files that were

accidentally deleted from a device. When a file is deleted, it's not
actually erased from the storage device but only marked as available
space. Undelete recovery software can scan the storage device and
recover deleted files before they are overwritten.

3. File recovery: This technique is used to recover files that have been
lost due to formatting, corrupt partitions, or virus attacks. File
recovery software can scan the storage device and recover the lost
files by locating the file headers and reconstructing the file structures.

4. Raw recovery: This technique is used to recover files that cannot be

recovered by other methods. Raw recovery software scans the storage
device and searches for file signatures to recover data that is not
associated with any file system. However, this technique may not
recover the original file names or folder structures.

5. Hardware repair: If the data loss is due to hardware failure, such as a

damaged hard drive, a professional data recovery service may be
required. The service will diagnose the problem and repair or replace
the damaged hardware components to recover the lost data.

6. It's important to note that data recovery techniques are not always
100% effective, and some data may not be recoverable. Therefore, it's
crucial to regularly backup your data and take preventative measures
to avoid data loss or corruption.

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 Use of software to recover data

Software-based data recovery is a commonly used technique to recover lost or

corrupted data from storage devices. This technique involves using specialized
software to scan the storage media for lost or corrupted data and then restore it
to its original state.

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Data Recovery Page 16
  Software recovery can be useful in many scenarios, including:

 Accidental file deletion: If you have accidentally deleted a file or folder,

data recovery software can help to recover it.

 Corrupted data: If data has become corrupted due to software issues or

other problems, data recovery software can often restore it.

 Damaged hard drive: If your hard drive has been physically damaged,
data recovery software may be able to recover data from the remaining
undamaged sectors.

 It is important to note that software recovery is not always guaranteed to

be successful, especially in more severe cases of data loss. It is always
best to consult with a professional data recovery service if you are
dealing with a serious data loss situation. Additionally, it is important to
stop using the affected device as soon as possible to prevent further
damage and increase the chances of successful data recovery.

 Data recovery software is a type of software that enables the recovery of

corrupted, deleted or inaccessible data from a storage device. This
software reviews, scans, identifies, extracts and copies data from deleted,
corrupted and formatted sectors or in a user-defined location within the
storage device.

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  How Does Data Recovery Software Work?

 All data stored on storage media such as hard disk drives (HDDs),
solid-state drives (SSDs), USB flash drives, SD cards and so on,
are made up of string of binary digits or bits, which have a value
of 0 or 1. These strings make up files such as documents, photos,
audio and video; a byte is equal to 8 bits. Documents are fairly
simple, with letters becoming numbers. For example, the
Complete Works of Shakespeare, around 1250 pages, contains
40 million bits, one byte per letter. The bits that make up photos
indicate the location, colour and brightness of each individual
pixel.

 When you delete data on a hard disk drive on a Windows PC, the
files are moved to the Recycle Bin, and they can be restored from
here if you change your mind. When you empty the Recycle Bin,
the files are seemingly gone forever. However, this isn’t strictly
true. When the Recycle Bin is emptied, what is actually being
deleted is something known as the master file table reference,
which is essentially a map that points to where the data is stored
on the drive. But the data itself, stored as a series of 0s and 1s, is
still physically there and can be accessed again as long as it isn’t
overwritten. When the master file table reference is deleted, the
portion of the drive where the data is stored is marked as free,
ready to have new data overwritten. As long as no data is
overwritten, data recovery is still possible. This, in essence, is
how data recovery software works.

 If you want the highest chance of success when using data

recovery software to undelete files, you need to act fact. Your OS
will be constantly writing data to your drive, even if you’re not
aware of it.

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  Use of machines to recover data

 Machines can be used for data recovery in certain

situations. For example, in the case of physically damaged
hard drives, specialized machines can be used to read the
data from the drive platters even when the drive is not
functioning properly.

 One common type of machine used for data recovery is a

disk imaging tool. This tool creates a bit-by-bit copy of the
entire storage device, including any hidden or damaged
data. The image can then be analyzed and repaired using
specialized software.

 Another machine used for data recovery is a forensic

workstation. This is a powerful computer system that is
specifically designed for digital forensics and data
recovery. It may have specialized hardware and software
tools that can be used to recover data from various types of
storage media.

 It is important to note that the use of machines for data

recovery should be done by trained professionals who have
the expertise and experience to handle the specific
situation. Attempting to use a machine without the proper
knowledge and training can lead to further damage and
reduce the chances of successful data recovery.

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Advantages and Disadvantage For Data Recovery

When encountering data corruption, you will definitely

want to attempt DIY data recovery by software. Yet, in
some cases, such recovery will not always be successful.
Now, this article will expose 7 pros and cons of DIY data
recovery.

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7 Advantages & Disadvantages of DIY Data Recovery

Advantages:
1. Cheap
With no doubt, compared to data recovery service, DIY data recovery software is
much cheaper. There are a lot of data recovery utilities in the today’s market. You
can easily purchase and download one with little money. Also, some of them are
even free of charge.

2. Fast
If you have procured a powerful, credible and well-proven recovery tool, it is
very likely that it will work. Moreover, in generally, through it, you would be able
to get back your precious data in simply a few minutes. If recurring to recovery
services you will need to deliver your damaged device to them, which will takes
too long.

3. Convenient
Based on mentioned above, DIY data recovery is unquestionably convenient. For
instance, you needn’t consult anyone or deliver your device to anywhere. As long
as you have some basic knowledge about data recovery, you can just run DIY
data recovery software on your own.

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  Disadvantages:
1. Not Suitable for Novices
Data recovery is actually complex. So, performing DIY data recovery requires you
to equip some basic knowledge about your computer, file, applications or data
recovery. If you’re totally a novice in computer or do not know how to launch and
make use the recovery software in a proper fashion, you shouldn’t try it yourself.

2. Risk Permanent Data Loss

Perhaps you have stored a great amount of data in your device, like a hard drive.
If you accidentally make any mistakes or wrong operations in DIY data recovery,
further damages may take place on the drive. Not only will it bring up permanent
data loss, but also it might harm the other originally intact data.

3. Not Effects in Case of Physical Damage

In addition, DIY data recovery software is definitely unable to restore data from a
physically damaged hard drive, and even destroy your hard drive thoroughly. For
example, if you hear strange clicking or whirring noises from your drive, you had
better take aid of data recovery service. DIY data recovery will not work.

4. No Guarantee for Success

Last but not least, it is acknowledged that no data recovery software can give you
a promise that it can recover your data absolutely. In other words, there is not an
exact guarantee that you will retrieve your data successfully.

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 Advantages of data recovery:
 Retrieving lost or deleted data: The primary advantage
of data recovery is that it can retrieve lost or deleted
data. This can be particularly helpful when valuable or
important files are accidentally deleted or lost due to
hardware failure or other issues.

 Cost-effective: Data recovery services can be relatively

cost-effective when compared to the time and resources
required to recreate lost data.

 Saves time: Data recovery can save a significant amount

of time as it can retrieve lost data quickly and efficiently.

 Protects important data: Data recovery can help protect

important or sensitive data, ensuring that it remains
secure and inaccessible to unauthorized individuals.

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  Disadvantages of data recovery:
 No guarantee of success: While data recovery can often
retrieve lost or deleted data, there is no guarantee of
success. In some cases, the data may be permanently lost
or corrupted.

 Expensive for complex recoveries: Data recovery can be

expensive for complex recoveries, particularly when
specialized hardware or software is required to retrieve
the data.

 Time-consuming: Data recovery can be time-consuming,

particularly when a large amount of data needs to be
retrieved.

 Security concerns: Data recovery may pose a security

risk as it may require sensitive or confidential data to
be shared with third-party recovery service providers.
This can be a concern for organizations that need to
protect their data from unauthorized access.

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 Conclusion
Data recovery can be a lifesaver when it comes to lost data, but
prevention is always the best course of action. Regularly backing up
important data and taking appropriate measures to protect storage
media from damage or corruption can help prevent the need for data
recovery in the first place. If data loss does occur, seeking professional
assistance from a reputable data recovery service is often the best
option to maximize the chances of successful recovery.

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 The Future of Data Recovery Industry

 The future scope of data recovery is expected to continue

evolving as technology advances and the amount of digital
data continues to grow. Here are some potential
developments in the field of data recovery:

 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

technologies are likely to become more prevalent in data
recovery processes, making it easier to identify and recover
lost data.

 The use of blockchain technology may provide more secure

and reliable storage of data, reducing the risk of data loss.

 Cloud-based data recovery services may become more

popular, offering a more convenient and accessible solution
for recovering data from any location.

 The increasing use of solid-state drives (SSDs) in

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 computers and mobile devices will require the development
of new data recovery techniques to address the unique
challenges of recovering data from these drives.

 The use of virtual and augmented reality technologies is

expected to grow, and data recovery solutions will need to
adapt to recover data from these types of systems.

 Overall, the future of data recovery will likely involve the

use of more advanced technologies to make the process
faster, more reliable, and more accessible to users.

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 This post examines how the data recovery industry will cope with
emerging technologies that change how businesses interact with data,
technologies such as Internet of things, cloud back up, and others.

In the past years, the data recovery industry has experienced steady growth courtesy of
the increasing reliance on data to drive business decisions. Individuals and corporates
alike are consuming data at unprecedented levels. Billions of new data sources are being
added to the market every year. As people become reliant on this data for everyday life
decisions, the need to secure and recover it in case of a breach or damage on devices will
only increase. Here is a look at how new technologies might influence data recovery.

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1. Cloud Backup and Data Recovery
 The cloud computing market is expected to hit $623.3 billion by
2023 as more small and mid-sized companies adopt the use of
cloud-based solutions. While cloud backup solutions provide
secure and reliable storage, files can still get corrupted or deleted.
In such cases, data recovery agencies will provide remote data
recovery services. This is possible if service providers integrate
tools such as Data Numen Office Repair and Data Numen Database
Recovery in their data recovery solutions. 
 Cloud computing is likely to cause a surge in remote data
recovery in certain industries. This doesn’t mean that in-lab data
recovery will be irrelevant. On the contrary, companies offering
cloud services will depend on such facilities for the recovery of
data on corrupt storage media.

 Cloud backup and data recovery are closely related, as cloud backup can
be a valuable tool for ensuring that data can be recovered in the event of
a data loss or disaster.

 Cloud backup involves storing copies of data on remote servers that are
accessed over the internet. This provides an off-site location for data
backups, which can help protect against data loss due to hardware
failure, natural disasters, or other unexpected events. Cloud backup
services typically offer encryption and other security measures to protect
data during transmission and storage.

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2. Internet of Things (IoT) and Data
Recovery
 As more industries embrace the use of IoT to automate various
functions, more devices will be enabled to process and store data,
albeit temporarily before transmitting it. In this case, data may be
lost during transmission, or due to cyber-attacks and physical
damage to devices. 
 Therefore, the ideal data recovery solutions will not only focus on
the secure transmission of data packets from devices to backbone
networks but also salvaging data from physically damaged
devices. This will require software engineers and device
manufacturers to incorporate data recovery techniques such as
fountain and convolution coding to ensure proper exchange of
information from one device to another. 
 The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected physical
devices, vehicles, buildings, and other items embedded with electronics,
sensors, software, and network connectivity, allowing them to collect
and exchange data.

 As IoT devices collect and transmit vast amounts of data, data recovery
becomes crucial in case of system failures or data loss. Data recovery is
the process of retrieving data from storage media when it becomes
inaccessible due to physical damage or logical errors.

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3. Big Data and Data Recovery
 Another frontier where data recovery is likely to experience
tremendous growth is in big data. Although closely related to IoT,
big data has a wider scope in terms of data size, speed, and
variability. Therefore, recovering big data comes with its unique
challenges. 
 The good news is that technologies that are used to process big
data such as Hadoop and Cassandra provide experts with
insights on how to create effective data recovery tools. These
technologies will be pivotal in helping experts to scale up current
data recovery tools to meet the demands in this space.

 Big Data refers to the massive volumes of data that are generated from
various sources, including sensors, social media, online transactions, and
other digital interactions. Big Data is characterized by its size,
complexity, and the speed at which it is generated and processed.

 Data recovery is the process of retrieving lost or inaccessible data from

storage media such as hard drives, servers, and databases. In the context
of Big Data, data recovery is essential as the loss of large amounts of
data can result in significant financial losses and reputational damage.

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4. New Data Storage Technologies
 Scientists continue to research new technologies that can be used
to store large volumes of data per square inch. Examples of these
revolutionary ways to store data include DNA, Shingled Magnetic
Recording, and Helium drives. Each of these technologies will
require unique data recovery techniques. For instance, experts
will require Helium-filled labs to recover data from damaged
Helium drives. This means upgrading current data recovery labs
to the requirements of new technologies.
 Hybrid drives: Hybrid drives combine the benefits of SSDs and
HDDs by using an SSD as a cache for frequently accessed data,
while using an HDD for storing less frequently accessed data.
This results in faster access times for frequently accessed data
and higher capacity for less frequently accessed data.
 Object storage: Object storage is a data storage architecture that
stores data as objects rather than files or blocks. Object storage is
highly scalable and can handle large volumes of unstructured
data, making it ideal for storing multimedia files and other large
data sets.

 Tape storage: Tape storage is a long-standing data storage

technology that uses magnetic tapes to store data. Tape storage
is ideal for long-term archival storage, as it offers high capacity
and low cost per unit of storage.

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 Conclusion 
 The future of data recovery will be anchored on the technologies that
drive how data is generated, consumed, and stored. For instance, big data
systems will require data recovery solutions that can handle tones of
information and support a wide range of file formats. In the same breath,
upcoming data storage techniques such as Helium drives and DNA will
need recovery procedures and techniques that support the safe operation
of these media. This is a good challenge as it will push the data recovery
industry to steady growth.
 To ensure successful data recovery, it is essential to have a robust
backup and recovery system in place, including regular backups, data
redundancy, and disaster recovery plans. Additionally, implementing
proper security measures such as encryption and access controls can help
prevent data loss due to cyberattacks or unauthorized access.

 New data storage technologies, such as solid-state drives, cloud storage,

and object storage, offer improved data accessibility, reliability, and
scalability, but also require new approaches to data recovery.

 Overall, data recovery is an ongoing process that requires constant

vigilance and maintenance to ensure the safe and efficient operation of
our digital systems and the protection of our valuable data

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 Summary
 Data recovery is the process of retrieving lost or inaccessible data
from storage media. It is a crucial process for ensuring the continuity
of business operations and protecting valuable data from loss or
damage.

 To ensure successful data recovery, it is important to have a robust

backup and recovery system in place, including regular backups,
data redundancy, and disaster recovery plans. Proper security
measures such as encryption and access controls can also help
prevent data loss due to cyberattacks or unauthorized access.

 New data storage technologies, such as solid-state drives, cloud

storage, and object storage, offer improved data accessibility,
reliability, and scalability, but also require new approaches to data
recovery.

 Overall, data recovery is an ongoing process that requires constant

vigilance and maintenance to ensure the safe and efficient operation
of our digital systems and the protection of our valuable data.

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 Reference
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_recovery

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YW7tCtolvk

https://datarecoverystation.com/types-of-data-recovery

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