V MODEL

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ECU
• An electronic control unit (ECU) is any embedded system in
automotive electronics that controls one or more of the electrical
systems or subsystems in a vehicle.

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ECU

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Types of ECU
• Door Control Unit
• Engine Control Unit
• Brake Control Unit
• Airbag Control Unit
• Battery Management System etc

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 What is a V Model
• It means verification and validation .
• Just like WATER FALL,AGILE model, The life cycle of the V model is a
sequential path of the execution of the process.
• Each phase must be completed before the next phase begins.
• The testing of the product is planned in parallel with corresponding
phase of development.

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 When V model is used?
• It should be used for small to medium size
projects where requirements are clearly defined.
• It should be chosen when simple technical
resources are available with needed technical
expertise.

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 V - model

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 IBM
Rational Target Vehicle
Global DOORS
System Owner Vehicle System test Expert
SRS
System test
System Requirement Analysis &
System Acceptance test
Management
VIL
Software Architect
Integration test System test

Software High Level Design(HLD) HIL

Software & Hardware

Software Lead integration Test
System Architecture & interface

Module test
Software Low Level Design(LLD), Model
Software Integration Test
Development
SIL
MIL
BSW Files UNIT
Code Generation Software Test
Test

Test C

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 Phases
vRequirements
vThe High Level Design
vThe Low Level Design
vImplementation
vCoding

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 Requirements
• In this model the requirements are gathered
before its development and a system test
plan is created.
• The plan test focuses on meeting the
functionality specified in the requirements
gathering.

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The High Level Design
• It focuses on system architecture and design.

• It provide overview of the solution, platform system,

product and services/process.
• An integrated test plan is created here as well as in order to
test the pieces of the software system ability to work
togather
.

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 The Low Level Design
• Here the actual software components of software are design . It
defines the actual logic for each and every component of the system.
• Component test are created in this phase as well.

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 Implementation
• It is that phase where all the coding take place.
• Once coding is complete, the path of execution up the right side of the
V where the test plans developed earlier are now put to use.

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Coding
• This is at the bottom of the V-model.
• Module design is converted into code by developer

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Clay Model

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Clay Model

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Advantages
• Simple and easy to use.
• Testing activities like planning, test design happens
well before coding.
• This saves a lot of time.
• Avoids the down word flow of the defects.
• Works well for small projects where requirements are
easily understood.

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Disadvantages

• Very rigid and cost flexible.

• Software is developed during the implantation
phase, so no early prototypes of the software are
produced.
• If any changes happens, then the test requirement
documents has been updated.
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