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EYE OF THE STORM:
ETHIOPIA AMID MIDDLE
EASTERN CONFLICT
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‘The state of conflict n the Middle East is depressing and frightening atthe same
time talso harbours significant indirect risks for Ethiopia. The Middle East's
bloodiest civil war -in Syria -islikely to continue for some time. President Assad
has ‘won’ the war by not losing it. But he has neither re-established his hold over
the populous region of lib nor a number of ll and gas fields in the east. Yet,
these are essential to financing the countrys reconstruction. tis also in this area
‘that geopolitical competition between Iran and the United States (US) is fiercest
[Ac the same time, the civil war in Iraq may re-ignite. The Islamic State fs almost
defeated, but the recent Kurdish referendum for independence has thrown upa
new challenge. Skirmishes between Kurdish Peshmerga and Iraqi units have
already occurred around the city of Kirkuk. Lebanon's political criss also endures
‘with Saul Arabia and tran sponsoring different political factions. This gives them
_an opportunity to meddle in Lebanon itself, but also in Syria and Palestine given
the many refugees and transnational actors like Hezbollah
Meanwhile, more than twenty years after the Oslo Accords, the Israeli=
Palestinian conflict continues due to Israel intransigence and Palestinian
division. Ina volatile region, its injustices and discrimination serve as powerful
beacons for violence and radicalisation. Adding to this is Turkey's anti-insurgeney
‘campaign against the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) thats further dividing the
country and corroding ts democracy, while the socio-economic siege of Qatar by
its fellow members ofthe Gulf Cooperation Council continues apace as wel
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Erwin van Veen
Senior Research FellowClosest to Ethiopia, the war in Yeren shows no signs of abating. There
indications that Saudi Arabia wants to pullout, but this willbe hard given the
‘205, factionalism and the humanitarian catastrophe intervention has helped to
«cate,
«shat connects these developments?
{Ghe critical tnks the regional rivalry between Saud Arabia and iran. This less
Bout Sunn versus Sha divisions and morea classic competition for power and
influence. Worrying itis about to get worse. President Trumps decerticaion