Nama : Dani Firmansyah Kurniawan

NIM : 4201419040
Rombel : 2-A Pendidikan Fisika

Tugas : Selesaikan quiz yang ada di bab Electric Potential !

QUIZ 1

1. Point B is at a lower electric potential than point A. Explain!

Answer : A system consisting of a negative charge and an electric field gains electric
potential energy when the charge moves in the direction of the field. If a negative charge
is released from rest in an electric field, it accelerates in a direction opposite the
direction of the field. For the negative charge to move in the direction of the field, an
external agent must apply a force and do positive work on the charge.

2. Show that VB=VC by examining motions: from A to B and A to C !

Answer : We may prove this fact by working out two dot products for E . S : one for S
A→B, where the angle θ between E . S and S is arbitrary, and one for S A→C, where θ
= 0.)
∆𝑉 = 𝐸𝑑,
𝑉𝐵 − 𝑉𝐴 = −𝐸 s cos 0°,
d
𝑉𝐵 = 𝑉𝐴 − 𝐸 𝑠 ( 𝑠 ),

𝑉𝐵 = 𝑉𝐴 − 𝐸𝑑,
So, VB=VC= 𝑉𝐴 − 𝐸𝑑
The negative indicates VB<VA, so the electric potential is decreased from A to the B.

3. Equipotential surface is given to any surface consisting of continuous distribution of

points having the same electric potential. Show these surfaces!
Answer : The equipotential surfaces associated with a uniform electric field consist of
a family of parallel planes that are all perpendicular to the field. Equipotential surfaces
associated with fields having other symmetries are described in later sections.
QUIZ 2

1. When the charged moves in the opposite direction of the field, the system of the
negative charge and the electric field gains electric potential.
Answer : False
2. When the charge moves in the direction of the field, there must be an external of the
force applied on the charged particle.
Answer : True
3. If the negative charge is released from rest, it accelerates in the same direction of the
field?.
Answer : False

QUIZ 3

1. What would happen if the particle was an electron?

Answer : If an particle is an electron, that brings negative charges then ∆𝑈 is positive.
When it is released from rest in uniform electric field, electric force causes acceleration
in the direction opposite to the electric field. As it goes up, the kinetic energy will
decrease then the potential energy will increase to higher potential.

2. What would happen if the proton was shot horizontally entering at the middle of the
two plates?
Answer : If the proton was shot horizontally entering at the middle of the two plates,
its mean the electric field's direction is downward. Then the proton will directed
perpendicular to the electric field, and moving closer to the negative plate.

QUIZ 4

1. Vp is negative. Explain!
Answer : Because the charges are of opposite sign, Negative work is done by an
external agent against the attractive force between the charges of opposite sign as they
are brought near each other; a force must be applied opposite the displacement to
prevent q2 from accelerating toward q1.
 2. Could you find points in x axis that V is 0.
Answer : Yes I could
3. Do you think there is an electric potential energy at point P? Explain!
Answer : Yes, I think, because the charges are source charges and set up an electric
field as well as a potential at all points in space, including point P
4. ∆𝑈is negative. Explain !
Answer : Because Vp is minus, then Δ𝑈 is Uf – Ui , Uf is q3 times by Vp.
5. Evaluate ∆𝑈 = 𝑈12 − 𝑈123 !
Answer :
∆𝑈 = 𝑈12 −𝑈123 = 𝑈12 −(𝑈12 +𝑈13 +𝑈23 )
∆𝑈 = (𝑈13 + 𝑈23 )
𝑞1 𝑞3 𝑞2 𝑞3
∆𝑈 = (𝑘𝑒 + 𝑘𝑒 )
𝑟13 𝑟23
𝑞1 𝑞2
∆𝑈 = 𝑞3 𝑘𝑒 ( + )
𝑟12 𝑟23
∆𝑈 = 𝑞3 𝑉𝑝
6. Evaluate ∆𝑈 when the charge q3 is -3.00 𝜇𝐶. Explain !
Answer :
∆𝑈 = 𝑞3 𝑉𝑝
∆𝑈 = (−3.00 𝜇𝐶 )(6.29𝑥103 𝑉 )
∆𝑈 = 18.87 𝑥 10−3 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒

QUIZ 5

1. Explain this graph!

 Answer : This graph explains the electron and proton radii of their electric potential.
In a proton, when the radius between charges gets farther away, the potential electricity
decreases closer to 0. Whereas in electrons the farther the radius between charges, the
potential electricity will increase closer to 0.

QUIZ 6

1. Show using 𝑑𝑉 = −𝑬 ∙ 𝑑𝒔⃗ that the equipotential surfaces are perpendicular to the
electric field lines at every point.
Answer : Because the motion starting at a point and then moving through a
displacement along an equipotential surface and V is a function of r only, the potential
function has spherical symmetry. The potential changes only in the radial direction, not
in any direction perpendicular to r. Therefore, V (like Er) is a function only of r, which
is again consistent with the idea that equipotential surfaces are perpendicular to field
lines.This result shows that the equipotential surfaces must always be perpendicular to
the electric field lines passing through them.

QUIZ 7

1. Find any equipotential surface!

Answer : We can find equipotential surface on any surface, because electric potential
at every point is same.
2. VR is negative. Explain!
Answer : Because because the charge is opposite, and point R is closer to the negative
charge than the positive charge.
3. Calculate the electric potential at point S on the negative x axis
Answer : We can find electric potential by summing the potentials due to the individual
charges =
𝑞𝑖 −𝑞 𝑞 2𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑘𝑒 ∑ = 𝑘𝑒 ( + )=− 2 (𝑥 ≫ 𝐴)
𝑟𝑖 −𝑥 + 𝑎 −𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑥 − 𝑎2
 4. Calculate Vand Ex at a point on the negative x axis far from the dipole
Answer :
2𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎 2𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎
𝑉𝑅 = lim (− ) ≈ − (𝑥 ≫ 𝐴)
𝑥≫𝐴 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑥2
𝑑𝑉 𝑑 2𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎
𝐸𝑥 = = − (− )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
𝑑 1
𝐸𝑥 = 2𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2
4𝑘𝑒 𝑞𝑎
𝐸𝑥 = − (𝑥 ≫ 𝐴)
𝑥3

5. Explain the picture below! Evaluate the electric field E and the electric potential V on
the dotted lines, the solid lines, and the vertical line!

Answer : The electric field E is presented by the dotted line and the electric potential
V is presented by the solid lines. The vertical lines present the direction of the electric
field.

QUIZ 8

1. The spheres are at the same V. Explain why!

Answer : Because there are have same charge and connected by a conducting wire, so
the electric potential is same value.

2. E1 < E2. Explain why!

Answer : Because radius of sphere is inversely with the magnitude of the electric field,
if some sphere has big value so the magnitude of that electric field is has small value,
and otherwise problem.
QUIZ 9

1. Why the dome is a large sperical shape?

Answer : The dome is a large spherical shape because according to equipotential
surface, that given to any surface consisting of continuous distribution of points having
the same electric potential, as the function there is no electric field inside the dome or
to minimalize the electric fields.
2. Heat lamps are sometimes used to remove moisture from the surrounding air of dome.
Explain?
Answer : Because Heat can affect the movement of particles. Then Heat lamps can
vaporize water vapor which can reduce the density of air.
3. When a person insulated from the ground touches the sphere of the generator, each
strand of the person’s hair is repelled by all the others. Explain!
Answer : If a person insulated from the ground touches the sphere of a Van de Graaff
generator, his or her body can be brought to a high electric potential. The person’s hair
acquires a net positive charge, and each strand is repelled by all the others as in the
opening photograph of Chapter 23.
4. A grounded ball wand close to the dome → electric spark between the sphere and the
wand. Explain!
Answer : When a small grounded metal ball is placed close to the spherical cover of
the generator, the strong electric field will cause the charge to leap towards the ball,
producing a large amount of ions and electrons in air. Since the energy of the ions are
higher than that of the neutral molecules, they will release their energy spontaneously
and produce a spark, which is a discharge in air. Lightning, for example, is a discharge
phenomenon in which charge leaps from a cloud to another or to the ground.