DIAGNOSTIC qty recinical terre X-RAY DEPARTMENT © GENERALQPELECTRIC OR INTERNAL letter #106 DISTRIBITTON OMLY March 8, 196 Sometime ago Mr. Iudwigsen suggested the need for an extension to table tops to support a patient's head while at the same time permitting film changers to be moved adjacent to or underneath the patient's head. A suitable device was designed by Product Planning for the purpose. On the buck of this page is a sketch of a head support which can be nade locally from 1/l" clear plexiglass. The device if so supplied is inexpensive, permite easy positioning of the patient, requires no table modification to hold the device and weight of the head since the device is under the patient's shoulders thus providing the needed support. Technical Service tested the device and our report indicates thats Ls The 1/l" thick lucite extension is equivalent to approxinately Lim. of alunimns 2. Comparing two radiographs of the skull it can be seen that -~ a, If the skull is accurately positioned on the lucite extension its use is not apparent, be If the slaxl1 extends beyond the lucite extension (in any direction) a very definite line of demarcation is visible. 3. To compensate for the increased absorption of the Incite an increase of lin6 kvp is required, (In the 60-90 kvp range). ‘The above device may be of occasional vale to your customers. Based on a survey in Milwaukee, individual units can be obtained from sheet plastic fabricators for $10, to $15. each and it is assumed your customers can have one made locally for this price. Technical Service bls Printed in U.S.A,_ a“ SCRIBE ¢ Yb DEER, ALL RADII, DO NOT FILL. | APPROX. | i eg _ K'HOLE FOR HANGING 44 CLEAR ACRYLIC SMOOTH EDGESCLEAR-Pb* SPECIFICATIONS is made from an acrylic copolymer resin into which lead is chemically introduced as, an organolead salt compound. CLEAR-Pb contains 30% lead by weight. Its physical properties are similar to those of conventional acrylic resins, and routine acrylic fabrication techniques (thermoforming, machining and ‘cementing) can be appiied. Single sheets can be provided in any size up to a maximum of 72" x 96". Larger sizos are fabricated by factory- bonding the edges of two sheets. Lead equi- valencies, thicknesses and densities of CLEAR-Pb are summarized below. ‘Types of CLEAR-Pb Panels ead Equivalent | Thickness | Density | Weight ‘cam Pb) fam) | emi | dbsitey 030 16 2a 050 ls 39 080 i 39 00 is 12 130 is us 200 ks 150 Handling Both sides of each CLEAR-Pb panel are pro- tected by masking paper. Do not remove this paper until the panel has been mounted in its final position. Unpack the material carefully. If it is crated, remove the crate lid and one side, The contents can then be lifted out easily, I the material is handled by fork lifts, particular care is needed to prevent chipping or scratching. Use of a pallet is recommended. To move CLEAR-Pb, always LIFT IT, NEVER SLIDE IT. Mounting or Framing Tolerances ‘a. An allowance of 1% should be taken for ‘expansion and shrinkage of length and width, Allowances for thickness changes are not necessary, . Do not fix CLEAR-Pb in place with screws or bolts unless a 1% clearance has been left (in the form of slats) for these fasteners. d. When using CLEAR-Pb, avoid local load concentrations to minimize the possibility of breakage Storage Always store the CLEAR-Pb panels horizontally Never store them vertically or inclined. The storage base should be a very flat, smooth surface (such as a plywood sheet) and be larger than the panel. Panels should be stacked no higher than 1 foot, with corrugated cardboard sheets placed between them. Avoid water splash, humidity over 80% RH, or temperatures over 120°F. Cutting CLEAR-Pb is best cut with a circular saw. either a bench or overhead model. For long blade life, use a tungsten-carbide-toothed blade. A blade designed for cutting plywood (or any other fine- toothed blade) wil give a reasonably smooth cut, A lower cutting (feed) speed also promotes a smoother cut. The blade of a bench saw should protrude & to 10% of its diameter above the upper surface of the CLEAR-Pb. If chipping occurs on the upper surface, raise the blade; if on the lower surface, lower the blade (reverse for an overhead saw), HAZARD WARNING—Dust Treatment When CLEAR-Pb is cut, lead-containing dust may be released. This dust may be poisonous if inhaled or ingested in large quantities; or in small quanti- ties, over a long period of time. ‘A dust mask should be used when cutting CLEAR-Pb. If much cutting is planned, use a ventilation system that draws air and dust from the site of the cutting tool, away from the operator and into a filter system, Drilling AA drill press or hand-held drill can be used, as follows: ‘Standard Driling Conditions ¢. Do not use sheets thinner than 12 mm Point Angle 125° to 140° without frames. The overlap between the Relief Angle 18° to 20° sheet and the frame should be at least 3/8" Drill Speed 100 to 500 RPM *SUGGESTED CEMENTING-CYANOACRYLATE OR LOCKTIGHT #460 NUCLEAR ASSOCIATES oe vision of VICTOREEN, INC. io 0ice RoaDe Ro Box 49 CCARLE PLACE, RY 1514-0389 (610) 74.797 # FAX ot6) 74-5414 VIGTOREENClamp the material for drilling, backing it with ‘wood scrap. Reduce the RPM and feed speed when the hole diameter and depth increase. If cracking occurs, decrease the feed speed or increase the tip angle. If necessary, coo! with water or air. Water spray should be stopped after Yshour to prevent excessive absorption. Larger holes can be made with a hole saw. ‘Chamfering Achamfer may be hand-filed, Finish with pro- gressively finer grades of sandpaper held on a sanding block. Paper grades from #320 to #800 are used Cleaning CLEAR-Pb lead-plastic panels and windows require the same cleaning techniques used on conventional plastic sheets. Any type of non- abrasive window cleaner with ammonia will work fine. Also effective are commercial household products such as ‘Windex" and “TopJob" Cleaning, rinsing and drying with a soft cloth should remove normal dirt and smudges. A strong "grease-cutting” detergent is recommended for removing grease. Remember: Do NOT use any- thing abrasive to clean CLEAR-Pb, Removing Scratches To remove fine scratches, haziness and abrasions from CLEAR-Pb surfaces, we recommend the use of NOVUS® PLASTIC POLISH NO. 2, Follow the directions on the bottle. In general, all surface ust should be removed with a soft cloth. Shake the polish bottle well, and apply the polish in a circular motion until dry. Then buff with a clean cloth. For deeper scratches, repeat the polishing and butfing procedure a number of times. Radiation Absorption Data 1. Linear and Mass Attenuation Coefficients. Here’s a comparison of the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of GLEAR-Pb with those of conventional acrylic, lead glass, and, plate glass. ER cae 60 em) _watentlo | wet) wantin Tener T3120 «| sis 3 Semantom! | zoe ors | 024s 0206 Lea lat soe ue fe Pate Cie os om | ior oan Tay Sa aH Gur Tem) MPCemtTa | nem) HPT oo Tos oes | OTST — O0Ree » | 028 0057 038 aoa? ee 028 0.036 | -047 0.084 ed oss ooo | iis out ‘a inear attenuation coefficient, or! ad content $1% 1: abotber deny pcm? aed with ead content ly: mae atenaationcoeficen, em? €. Optical Properties Refractive and reflective indices of CLEAR-Pb are compared below with those of the con- ventional acrylic, lead glass and plate glass. When a light beam passes through a plate with optically-polished planes, reflection occurs at both surfaces. Since the reflection is reduced for a material with a lower refractive index, CLEAR-Po gives less reflection than jead glass. Optical Constants Retracine denne | 158 | aga | 1s? rr Reneetveindes.0* | o.o4se | oiosr| 00826 | _ooae7 Spin DELy +? Ge2C) © Vietoreen. Inc.INSTRUCTIONS FOR TERMINATING DYNAFLEX SHOCKPROOF HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLES WITH SMALL-DIAMETER (1-9/16”)TERMINATIONS These instructions cover the procedure for placing a three-conductor or four-conductor small-diameter (1%2") terminal at the end of DYNAFLEX cable. This may be necessary to repair a terminal which has broken down under use or to add a terminal to anew cable ordered with one end unterminated to permit it to be pulled through electrical conduit smaller than 2.0" [51 mm] in diameter. The Termi: nating Kit includes all required parts while the Re- pair Kit excludes reuseable parts such as the cable nut and strain reliefs. Tools and Materials Required The following recommended tools and materials are available from The Machlett Laboratories: (See Table 1) Cable Terminal Kit S-7128-3 Flare Crimping Too! Stem S-7128-5 Flare Crimping Too! Nest S.71286 Flare Crimping Too! Punch FS-8109 Spottacer Tool (optional) ‘The foliowing tools and materials are required and will usually be available locally: Sharp knife G:inch, 15 mm Scale Soldering Iron Wire Cutting Pliers Scissors Heavy Hammer File Machinist's Bench Vise Ohmmeter Rosin Core Solder Preparation of Cable I repairing a detective terminal, cut the cable 0.5” [12 mm} back from the point where the metal braid Js soldered to the flare. If repairing a punctured cable, cut it at least 1.0” [25 mm] back from the point of puncture. Referring to Fig. 1, using a knife, cut the plastic outer cover §.62" (142.7 mm] or more back from the ‘end of the cable, Push back the metal braid so that it loosens and trim it as shown using scissors or wire cutting pliers. Trimming of Tape and Attaching Flare Referring to Fig. 2, using a sharp knife, cut partially through the tape at the point shown on the drawing and tear off the excess tape, then cut partially through the cable body at the 4.25” [108 mm] or 4.5” (114 mm] point shown in Fig. 2. and pull off the excess insulation. In performing these operations, 5.62" [142 7] MINIMUM oust[a.a] COPPER BRAID ED-753505-1/Ri FIG. i, PREPARATION OF CABLE THE MACHLETT LABORATORIES, ING., Stamford, Connecticut 06907care must be taken not to nick the cable insulation when cutting the tape or to nick the conductor in- sulation when cutting the cable body. Nicks in the insulation will seriously reduce the ability of the cable to withstand the voltage at which itis to be operated. Until proficiency Is attained in perform. ing these operations itis advisable to slide a metal sleeve under the material to be cut to protect the insulation below. Slide the heat shrink tubing over the cable. Neat- ly tin the neck of the flare with rosin core solder. While solder is molten, wipe off excess with a clean cloth. Slide the flare over the cable under: neath the metal braid and position the flare to ob- tain the 4.25" (108 mm] or 4.5” {114 mm] dimension as shown in Fig. 2. Align the notch of the flare with common conductor. Solder the flare to the braid using rosin core solder. Do not apply excessive heat during this operation because excessive heat will damage cable insulation. File down high spots of solder and projecting ends of metal braid. Thoroughly clean off all metal fillings. Using aluminum oxide cfoth, carefully scrape the exposed part of the cable body to remove any residue of wax, which might interfere with the bonding of the cable filling compound to be added later. Fasten the loose end of the cable tape with a fow tums of plastic electrical tape. Preparing Cable Conductors, Three- Conductor Cable The reguiar three-conductor cable has an "S" con- ductor with yellow insulation, an "L” conductor with black insulation and a "C" conductor consist. ing of two multistrand bundles of bare wire as shown in Fig. 3. Strip the insulation from the ends of the “L” and “S" conductors and tin with rosin core solder. Wrap 2 or 3 tums of No. 20 AWG tin: ned bare copper wire 10” [254 mm} ong around the ends and solder using rosin core solder. Twist the two bundles of bare strands together and tin. Wrap with No. 20 AWG wire 10” [254 mr] ong and solder as before. Leave no sharp points of wire or solder when making these splices. Cut off .98” (3.7 mm[ lengths of black, yetfow and red insulating tubing and slide them over the splices to insulate and identify them as shown in Fig. 3 Preparing Cable Conductors, Four- Conductor Cable The four-conductor cable has an “‘L” conductor with black insulation, an “S" conductor with yel: low insulation, a "G" conductor wrapped in metal- lized tape with red insulation and aC” conductor consisting of three multistrand bundles of bare wires as shown in Fig. 4, Strip the insulation from the ends of the "L”, "Sand "G” conductors and tin with rosin core solder. Wrap with 2 or 3 tums of No. 20 AWG tinned bare copper wire 10” [254 mm] long around the ends, and solder using rosin core solder. The metallized (silver) tape on the “G" con- ductor should be cut off fiush with the cable body. The red insulation on the “"G” conductor is very tough and, if the end cannot be removed with a conventional stripping tool, it may be removed by melting it off with a hot soldering iron or a match. —— «.s{u4] Hatt soe "7 | | 7 \ somata “Tuet wife 75" (ooo FIG. 2, ATTACHING FL/ 4.28 [108] Four conoucron — osstti75] dish a REE ne METAL SUteVE, TO | Vi y A exe cave somy wr Sonougrons SevneNoe eae Smee foe) NO_TRIMMING TAPE Page 2The three bundles of “C” conductors should be pulled to the side opposite the "G” conductor, twisted together up to the cable body, tinned, wrapped with 2 or 3 turns of No. 20 AWG wire 10" [254 mm] long and soldered. Leave no sharp points. Of wire or solder when making these splices. Cut off .62" [15,7 mm] lengths of black, yellow, red and white insulating tubing and slide them over the splices to insulate and identify them as shown in Fig. 4, The “G" conductor should be well separa- ted from the remaining conductors since it carries. up to 4000 volts: Attachment of Insulator The insulator is attached to the cable as shown in Fig. 8. Insert the 10" (254 mm] lengths of conper wire previously spliced to the cable through the holes in the bases of the contact prongs at the end of the insulator, Refer to Figs. 3 or 4 to determine which lead goes to which contact prong. Slide the insulator over the end of the cable while simulta. neously pulling the wires through the holes until the open end of the insulator is seated in the flange of the flare. If there is any doubt concerning the correctness of the conductor connections, perform the electri cal tests described in the section below at this point The flare of the cable should now be crimped to the insulators using the nest, punch and stem shown in Fig. 6, Remove one ring half of the nest from the nest backing plate, slide the cable through the slot in the backing plate, and replace the ring half. (The ring half is doweled to assure the precise location.) Mount the nest in a vise with the cable terminal uppermost and pull the cable through un- til the flare seats in the nest. Note now that both ends of the punch are used for crimping the flare. One end has a 45-degree shoulder, which is used initially to bend the skirt of the flare inward. The other end has a flat shoulder, which Is used for final flattening of the skirt of the flare. Note that the interior cylindrical surface of the punch has a groove in it to clear the key of the. insulator. Place the end of the punch with the 45-degree shoulder into the nest, place the stem ‘over the insulator so that it engages the punch and strike the stem with a heavy hammer. After in- specting the flare to see that it is evenly crimped through a 45.degree angle, turn the punch over and place the end of the punch with the flat shoulder into the nest. Replace the stem and again strike it with the hammer. The flare should now be com pletely crimped to the end of the insulator. Re- move the punch and stem and remove the insulator from the nest ‘The No, 20 AWG bare copper wires can now be soldered to the contact prongs. Mount the cable end in a vise with the contact prongs uppermost. Bend the No. 20 AWG bare copper wires at right angles to the axis of the cable insulator and cut them off about .06" [1.5 mm] from the hole. Cover the vent hole and filling hole in the end of the in- sulator with masking tape to keep out solder. Place aluminum strips approximately .016” [41 mm) thick in the slots in the contact prongs to keep solder out of these slots. Solder the ends of the ‘copper wire into the holes in the base of the con. Pts) YELLOW NsuLATiON ae wine tr atack ineucarion cemanceo view) BLACK SLEEVE (/ cencanceo view) f wre Twist ToorTHER Fi 3. CONDUCTOR CONNECTIONS one ata / Esveeves. Pus over seuices) AROUND EACH CONDUCTOR AND SOLDER Lom) eoptesns THRE! CONOUGTOR CABLE Page 3tact prongs. Use just enough solder to enter the holes and bond the wires in the holes, but not so much that the solder runs through the holes into the insulator. When certain that the joints are sound, trim down the excess solder and wire flush with the end of the insulator using the spotfacer tool (Machlett Part No. FS-8109) or a sharp knife Using plastic electrical tape, tightly wrap four turns around the cable cover close to the end of the flare as shown in Figure 5. Slide the heat shrink tubing over the electrical tape and the soldered joint used to join the flare with the metal braid. The tape is used to keep the cable compound from leaking through into the braid, possibly resulting in voids in the compound and reducing flexibility of the cable at the neck of the flare. Heat the tubing using hot air (800-400°F) (149-204°C] torch or matches until the tubing shrinks tightly around the cable. Electrical Tests Use an ohmmeter to check each conductor for con tinuity and freedom from shorts. a) Check for shorts (the meter should be set to measure high resistances) by connecting the leads to pairs of contact prongs at one end of the cable. With the test leads in contact with any two prongs, infinite resistance should be indicated b) Check for proper continuity (the meter should be set to measure low resistance) by placing the test leads in contact with prongs at oppo- site ends of the cable. The resistance should be very low only when the leads are in contact with prongs of the same contact designation (LS, C or G) at each end of the cable. If the test results are other than indicated above, the cause must be found and corrected before the cable is used since the fault could cause failure of the x-ray tubs. If the cable js of the four-conductor type, tie the L, S and C prongs together and apply a high volt- age between these prongs and the G prong. The voltage may be as high as 4000 VDC and may be ac- quired from a pulsed-grid controlled system (xray high voltage primary disconnected). Biased-grid controlled power supplies are usually limited (0 a lower voltage but may be used. No breakdown should occur, incipient breakdown or leakage can be detected by placing a microammeter in series with one test lead. The current should be less than 4 microampere. Alternatively, grid voltage can be measured with a multimeter having a resistance of 20,000 ohms per volt; there should be no voltage drop (loading of the power supply) when the cable is connected. This test is important since failure in the grid sup- ply circuit can result in improper operation of biased-grid controlled tubes and possible gross overload of the x-ray tube in a pulsed-grid control- led system (cronne wine [1G REO INsucaTion fine Seve \ pivBARe wine \isryetuow insucerion / “eyenre wine Reo. steve waar SH Twist ToOETHER FIG.4, CONDUCTOR CONNECTIONS. WO 20 ANG TINNED BARE COPPER wines 10° [es4] = : ype AROUND EACH CoRCUCTOR AND SOLDER Z | FOUR-CONDUCTOR CABLE Page 4Fi 9 Insulator with Cable Compound Fill the terminal with Machlett type M-4 cable compound following instructions packed with the cable terminal filling kit, (publication ST-1416). Final Assembly of Terminal The cable terminal is finally assembled as shown in Fig. 7. Slide the cable nut over the terminal, back con the cable. Place the two halves of the strain relief over the cable between the nut and the terminal while simulatenously engaging the mating ends. Place the retaining spring over the strain relief parts to hold them in place. Push the strain relief and cable nut over the flange of the terminal insulator The small-diameter cable terminal is installed in its receptacle using Machlett vapor proofing com ound and an insulator gasket in the same manner fas Federal Standard of four-conductor cable ter. minal. Refer to “Instructions for Installing (vapor proofing) Machlett High-Voltage Shockproof Cables,” Machlett publication ST-2014, packed with each installation vapor proofing kit which is shipped with each high-voltage cable and xray tube unit BEFORE SURKING THE TUBING, TIGHTLY WRAP FOUR TURNS OF PLASTIC ELECTAICAL TAPE AT THIS POINT TO. KELP COMPOUND "FROM LEAKING THROUGH Fixe PULL WIRES THROUGH MOLES, SoLoER, CUT WIRE AND CLEAN PROJECTING SoLoER Foo. SEE FIG. € FoR crane OF FLAR Lee win ryee mea cage EowPouND FOLLOWING INSTRUC! (euBLicaTion ST= tie) PACKED COMPOUND Im FIG. 5, ATTACHMENT AND FILLING OF INSULATOR D + \ Page 5reeves sou. FIG. 6) CRIMPING FLARE ON INSULATOR —_ Ie \ F1G.7, FINAL ASSEMBLY OF TERMINAL Page 6‘CABLE TERMINAL KIT NO. | F-543540 & i 2 9 ee Z 3 é z z = = 2 | HEH OK x 5 2 ia 3 3 z 8 9 x OOK = F-543539 = 5 # a = = 5 z = 6 z zZ = & F 5 ° 5 8 3 g 6 8 OK OOK x 2 (") REFERS TO TYPE OF CABLE: DYNAFLEX #7 = RM-2387 — GRAY VINYL COVERING (75 kVp) '3-CONDUCTOR DYNAFLEX #8 = RM-2389 — GRAY VINYL COVERING (75 kVp) [CONDUCTOR PART NO. F-543468 F.544298 P.21585 P.544249 543443 P.543404 P-544508 P.543442 F-25031 RM.2239 RRM.2239 RM.1766, RM-1767 RM-1768 RM-7896 RM-7513, RM-7585 RM-7586 RM-541052 FS-1001 F-990623 DESCRIPTION CABLE END INSULATOR, 3 PRONG CABLE END INSULATOR, 4 PRONG CABLE NUT ASSEMBLY SPRING, STRAIN RELIEF STRAIN RELIEF, STRAIGHT STRAIN REFIEF, RIGHT ANGLE HEAT SHRINK TUBING (1.25" [31.7 mm] GROUNDING FLARE Md CABLE FILLING COMPOUND (140 g) KIT #20 BARE TINNED COPPER WIRE (3 FT. [914 mm) #20 BARE TINNED COPPER WIRE (4 FT. [1219 mm) __| #12 RED SILICONE FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” [51 mm) | #12 YELLOW SILICONE FIBERGLASS TUBING (2" [51 mm) #12 BLACK SILICONE FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” {51 mm) #12 WHITE SILICONE FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” [51 mm) #9 RED FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” {51 mm) #12 YELLOW FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” [51 mm) #12 BLACK FIBERGLASS TUBING (2” [51 mm) 75" [19 mm] WIDE PLASTIC ELECTRICAL TAPE (1 FT. {305 mm) ALUMINUM OXIDE ABRASIVE CLOTH (150 GRIT) (1 FT. (305 mm), VAPOR PROOFING KIT TABLE 1 — CABLE TERMINAL KIT PARTS LIST Page 7