Old skills: new products If ancient skills which have been (0) down from generation to generation are going to survive, then we must find new uses for them. A good example is the cloth (1) ........ a8 Harris tweed, which is produced on an island off the northwest coast of Scotland. A few years ago, there was only one full-time weaver of the cloth left on the island, It was all that (2) ........ of an industry that once employed a large (3) ....... of local people. , But local producers are now providing material for use in a (4) ........ of fashionable handbags, hats and furnishings. This (5) . way (6) ........in 2004, when a sample of Harris tweed was sent to Nike, the sportswear . in the fortunes of the industry all started manufacturer. The company decided to use the material on a trainer called ‘The Terminator’ to demonstrate how (7) a traditional material can be incorporated into a modem product. This (8) ...... to a large order for cloth, which involved lots of people on the island rediscovering the ancient skill of weaving. 1 [A seen B referred © known D regarded 2 A remained B recalled C resumed D repeated 3 A extent B number C degree D amount 4 A range B choice Cc mixture D pick 5 A tum B change C switch D move 6 A ago B past © back D_ since 7 A effectively B especially C actually D. certainly 8 A followed B resulted Cc caused D ledExample: [0] [0] F TEL Snow-holing The winter sport of snow-holing developed out (0) ........ a survival technique. If you get lost and have to spend the night outside in a frozen landscape, then digging a snow hole to provide (9) ........ with warmth and shelter is a good idea. The snow-hole works on the same principle (10) ........ the igloos built by Inuit people out of ice. Snow-holing has now developed (11) an adventure sport. Before you try it, however, you need to do a basic snow-skills course, where you also learn how to use an ice-axe and other necessary equipment. But experience of winter hillwalking is also essential in (12) ..... to be accepted onto a course. You also work in a team, and (13) ........itin turns to dig out the hole. Itis (14) ........ something you can do alone (15) to people who have tried it, a snow-hole is surprisingly comfortable, Having constructed your hole, you settle (16) for the night and wake up to absolute silence and the incredible light of the dawn sun on the ice.Understanding time Since the earliest times, civilisations have understood the (0) of time. Ifyou want to plan your future, or simply know how long things take to do, then the precise (17) of time is @ necessity. That's why ancient cultures put such 2 lot of effort into the development of (18) ......» calendars ‘and clocks, 1 At first, people used the (19) ....... of movements in the night sky as a way of predicting annual events. The Ancient Egyptians realised that it would be (20)... to divide days Up into smaller Units of time, They were responsible forthe (24) ....... oF the ‘system of twenty-four hours in @ day that we still usa today. ‘The first clocks were sundials using the (22) of the Sun's ‘shadow to mark the passing of the day. This worked well in ‘sunay counties but was (23) for places where the sky vas often ciouey. People living there had to wait for the dovolopment of the mechanical clock bofore they could tel tho time with any degree of (24) An incredible vegetable Garlic, a member ofthe Lilacaea family which also includes onions, (0)... used in cooking all around the world. China is curently the largest (17)... of gatlic, which is particularly associated with the dishes of northem Alica and southern Europe. It i native to central ‘Asia and has long had a history as a health giving food, usod both to prevent and cure (18). Pyramids wero given gatic to kesp them strong, while Olympic Jn Ancient Egypt, workers bulding the ~alhieles in Greece ate Ifo increase thelr resistance to infection. “The forefaher of antbiove medicine, Lous Pasteur, claimed garlic was as (19)........ @ peniciin in treating infections. Modem day 20. ‘some wruses, so it can be very useful for people who have coughs have proved that garic can indeed kil bacteria and even ‘and colds. In (21) . Some doctors beliove that gare can reduce blood (22) this tly amazing food is thatthe strong and imal of gate 5 not the most pleasant! IMPORTANT. MEASURE, RELY OBSERVE USE INVENT Lone APPROPRIATE ACCURATE ‘COMMON PRODUCT EFFECT SCIENCE ‘ADVANTAGE ‘SPICEReview of The Porsche Book Many of the world's biggost brand names had very humble (0)... BEGIN ‘The car manufacturer Porsche is no (17) Whether youare EXCEPT of GROW 2 small business into large internationally renowned company 2 fan of fast sports cars or not, reading about the (18) ‘makes for intoresting reading. This isthe story of the company's rise to fame and covers eight decades and the book includes @ wonderful (19)... Of WO couect hundred glossy photographs, including whats (20)........oneof SURE the most famous cars ever: the shiny Porsche 716 that willbe forever associated withthe (21)... actor James Dean, who LEGEND famously crashed one in 1955, This is a very classy coffee table book that is both (22) ‘and ENJOY informative. It isn't cheap at £85, but if you are a fan of (23)... GLAMOUR ‘Sports cars, you may well find it (24)... 0 resist POSSIBLE 28 | think you should complain about that horitle meal WERE “ essen: @ eomplaint about that horrible ‘meal 26 Christina had never visited Venice before, FIRST Whwas to Venice. 27 No matter how hard he tried, Vietor couldn't open the box. very Even Victor couldn't open the box. 28 Itisn't really worth trying to ly the kite when there's no wind HARDLY a fly the kite when there's no wind. 29 Oliver says he will only play football if he can be team captain UNLESS Oliver says that he captain, Ie ean be team ‘30 Dancing was an activity that David had never wanted to do. APPEALED Dancing was an activity that David.Panta ‘You will near part of a radio interview with a woman called Rachel Reed, who works in a commercial ait gallery, 2 shop which sels works of ait. For questions 24 - 30, choose the best answer Bor}. 24 What does Rachel say about her jb tite? |A_Itmakes her feel more important than she i. B _Itgives people the wrong idea about her work, tis appropriate for most of the work she does. 25 Whats the most common reason for the gallery net exhibiting an atis’s work? ‘A The subject matter is unsuitable. 8 isnot of anigh encugn quaty. © The gallery manager doestrt ke it 26 When can phone calls from artists be dificult for Rachel? A when their work doosn't sal 8 when they dont receive payments © when their works nat accepted 27 Why does Rachel include a commentary in he catalogue? A. It glves background information about the artist. B__Itencourages people to buy paintings over the phone. CC Ittols pooplo what experts think of tho work. 28 What doas Rachal say about administrative work? A Shelsable foleave alot ofittooiners. B She wouldiketo have an assistant to help with it, C She finds it hardto get ital orgarised 29° What isRache'’s rolein the service the gallery offers to large companies? ‘A making intial contacts B responding to enquires promotinga certain type of art 30 What does Rachel find most enjoyable about her job? ‘A mesting interesting people the fact that its unpredictable C being close to works of art