ABSTRACT: DEPT. OF FOOD SCIENCE about Indra Nooyi and PepsiCos plans to produce healthier snack foods.

PepsiCo is the largest food-and-beverage company in the United States, and the second-largest in the world, after Nestl. Pepsi is the second-most-recognized beverage brand in the world, after Coke, and eighteen of PepsiCos other brands, which include Tropicana, Gatorade, and Quaker Oats, are billion-dollar businesses in their own right. Its brands represent a kind of promise to its customersa guarantee that the drinks and snacks are safe, and that the taste of them, that irresistible combination of flavors, will be the same every time. But in another sense the brands are abstractions. The taste is the rootstock onto which PepsiCo grafts desires (aspirations, as they say in the branding business) that have nothing to do with the products themselves. This duality in PepsiCos productspart sensory, part asp rationalextends throughout the companys culture and its mission, as defined by Indra Nooyi, who has been the C.E.O. since October, 2006. It is not enough to make things that taste good, she says. PepsiCo must also be a the good company. Read more http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/05/16/110516fa_fact_seabrook#ixzz1Q yNwiprZ Writer visits a potato-chip factory in Texas. Discusses PepsiCos experiments with reducing sodium in chips by using different kinds of salt crystals. Writer visits PepsiCos research lab in Hawthorne, New York, to learn about the companys efforts in sugar reduction. Describes a robot at the facility that has been fitted with human taste buds. Tells about the work of Derek Yach, the companys director of global-health policy. Discusses the failure of Pepsis recent Refresh marketing campaign. Writer visits the companys headquarters to taste new products, including a drinkable oats beverage, chilled vegetable soups, and coconut water. Pepsi was first introduced as "Brad's Drink" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1898 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his home where the drink was sold. It was later named Pepsi Cola, possibly due to the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe.[2] Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy.[3] In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse PepsiCola, describing it as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before

a race." The advertising theme "Delicious and Healthful" was then used over the next two decades.[4] In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1929, the logo was changed again. In 1931, at the depth of the Great Depression, the Pepsi-Cola Company entered bankruptcy - in large part due to financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of World War I. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark.[5] Eight years later, the company went bankrupt again. Pepsi's assets were then purchased by Charles Guth, the President of Loft Inc. Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace Coca-Cola at his stores' fountains after Coke refused to give him a discount on syrup. Guth then had Loft's chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula. On three separate occasions between 1922 and 1933, the Coca-Cola Company was offered the opportunity to purchase the Pepsi-Cola company and it declined on each occasion.[6]
PEPSI INDIA

PepsiCo, Incorporated (NYSE: PEP) is a Fortune 500, American global corporation headquartered in Purchase, Harrison, New York, with interests in the manufacturing, marketing and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products. PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which include an acquisition of Tropicana in 1998 and a merger with Quaker Oats in 2001 - which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio as well.[3] As of 2009, 19 of PepsiCo's product lines generated retail sales of more than $1 billion each,[4] and the companys products were distributed across more than 200 countries, resulting in annual net revenues of $43.3 billion. Based on net revenue, PepsiCo is the second largest food & beverage business in the world.[5] Within North America, PepsiCo is ranked (by net revenue) as the largest food and beverage business.[5] Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyi has been the chief executive of PepsiCo since 2006, and the company employed approximately 285,000 people worldwide as of 2010.[6] The companys beverage distribution and bottling is conducted by PepsiCo as well

as by licensed bottlers in certain regions.[7] PepsiCo is a SIC 2080 (beverage) company. The recipe for Pepsi, the soft drink, was first developed in the 1890s by a New Bern, North Carolina pharmacist and industrialist, Caleb Bradham, who named it "Pepsi-Cola" in 1898. As the cola developed in popularity, he created the PepsiCola Company in 1902 and registered a patent for his recipe in 1903.[8] The PepsiCola Company was first incorporated in the state of Delaware in 1919.[9] Ownership of this company traded hands several times throughout the 1920s and 1930s, and in the early 1960s its product line expanded with the creation of Diet Pepsi and purchase of Mountain Dew.[10] Separately, the Frito Company and H.W. Lay & Company - two American potato and corn chip snack manufacturers - began working together in 1945 with a licensing agreement allowing H.W. Lay to distribute Fritos in the Southeastern United States. The companies merged to become Frito-Lay, Inc. in 1961.[11] In 1965, the Pepsi-Cola Company merged with Frito-Lay, Inc. to become PepsiCo, Inc., the company it is known as at present. At the time of its foundation, PepsiCo was incorporated in the state of Delaware and headquartered in Manhattan, New York. The company's headquarters were relocated to its still-current location of Purchase, New York in 1970,[12] and in 1986 PepsiCo was reincorporated in the state of North Carolina.[9] [edit] Acquisitions and divestments Between the late-1970s and the mid-1990s, PepsiCo expanded via acquisition of businesses outside of its core focus of packaged food and beverage brands; however it exited these non-core business lines largely in 1997, selling some, and spinning off others into a new company named Tricon Global Restaurants, which later became known as Yum! Brands, Inc..[13] PepsiCo also previously owned several other brands that it later sold, in order to allow it to return focus to its primary snack food and beverage lines, according to investment analysts reporting on the divestments in 1997.[14] Brands formerly (no longer) owned by PepsiCo include: Pizza Hut,[15] Taco Bell,[15] KFC,[15] Hot 'n Now,[16] East Side Mario's,[17] D'Angelo Sandwich Shops,[18] Chevys Fresh Mex, California Pizza Kitchen,[19] Stolichnaya[20] (via licensed agreement), Wilson Sporting Goods[21] and North American Van Lines.[22] The divestments concluding in 2007 were followed by multiple large-scale acquisitions, as PepsiCo began to extend its operations beyond soft drinks and

snack foods into other lines of foods and beverages. PepsiCo purchased the orange juice company Tropicana Products in 1998,[23] and merged with Quaker Oats Company in 2001,[24] adding with it the Gatorade sports drink line and other Quaker Oats brands such as Chewy Granola Bars and Aunt Jemima, among others.[25] In August 2009, PepsiCo made a $7 billion offer to acquire the two largest bottlers of its products in North America: Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas. In 2010 this acquisition was completed, resulting in the formation of a new wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo, Pepsi Beverages Company.[7] Also in late 2010, the company made its largest international acquisition when it purchased a majority stake in Wimm-Bill-Dann Foods - a Russian food company which produces milk, yogurt, fruit juices and dairy products.[26] [edit] Competition The Coca-Cola Company has historically been considered PepsiCos primary competitor in the beverage market,[27] and in December 2005, PepsiCo surpassed The Coca-Cola Company in market value for the first time in 112 years since both companies began to compete. In 2009, the Coca-Cola Company held a higher market share in carbonated soft drink sales within the U.S.[3] In the same year, PepsiCo maintained a higher share of the U.S. refreshment beverage market, however, reflecting the differences in product lines between the two companies.[3] As a result of mergers, acquisitions and partnerships pursued by PepsiCo in the 1990s and 2000s, its business has shifted to include a broader product base, including foods, snacks and beverages. The majority of PepsiCo's revenues no longer come from the production and sale of carbonated soft drinks.[28] Beverages accounted for less than 50 percent of its total revenue in 2009. In the same year, slightly more than 60 percent of PepsiCo's beverage sales came from its primary non-carbonated brands, namely Gatorade and Tropicana.[3] PepsiCo's Frito-Lay and Quaker Oats brands hold a significant share of the U.S. snack food market, accounting for approximately 39 percent of U.S. snack food sales in 2009.[3] One of PepsiCo's primary competitors in the snack food market overall is Kraft Foods, which in the same year held 11 percent of the U.S. snack market share