Name: Calixto, Deah T.

Yr/Cr/Sc: 2 BSE-D
Date: April 4, 2023

Activity 11
Local Winds

1. Lightning is present in all thunderstorms. While it can be seen over great distances, the
resulting thunder usually cannot be heard beyond 30 kilometers. Since light travels substantially
faster than sound, we see a lightning flash before we hear the accompanying thunder. In fact,
we see lightning nearly instantaneously, while sound travels at approximately 340 m s-1 (1115 ft
s-1; or roughly one-fift h of
a mile per second).
If you see a lightning bolt in the distance and 15 seconds elapse before you hear the
corresponding thunder, how far away was the lightning bolt?
𝐷𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 (𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠) =  340  ×  15  =  5.100 Answer: ____5.100_____meters

𝐷𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 (𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠) =  0.21  ×  15  =  3.15 Answer: ___3.15_______miles

2. Describe the stages of development of an ordinary (air-mass) thunderstorm.

First is the developing stage pushes cumulus clouds updraft and occasional lightning
occurs. Second, is the mature stage where precipitation begins or the downdraft develops.
Weather such as hail, heavy rain, frequent lightning, strong winds, and tornadoes occurs in
mature stage. When the downdraft and rain-cooled air spreads out along the ground it forms a
gust front and the beginning of dissipating stage.

3. (a) What are gust fronts and how do they form?

A gust front is a line of dangerously gusty winds created by certain weather
conditions. When a downdraft from a raining thunderstorm hits the ground, it spreads out
in all directions. This spreading air can move very fast, and as it spreads, it can create a gust
front.

(b) If a gust front passes, what kind of weather will you experience?
If a gust front passes, weather such as heavy rainfall and even thunderstorms will be
experienced.

Reference:

https://scijinks.gov/gust-fronts/
https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/thunderstorms/