Anmol kant singh

Ma2002o
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF KIDNEYS
VARIANT 1

1.At a patient that many years suffers A) drastic decrease of arterial pressure
from osteomyelitis of the lower jaw, B) violation of urine outflow
appeared the edema. During the C) rise of pressure in the capsule of
inspection were exposed proteinuria glome
(the contents of albumen in urine D) rise of pressure in kidneys arteries
makes 4,5 g/l) and hyperlipidemia. E) decrease of oncotic pressure of blood
What complications of osteomyelitis is
it possible to suspect?
5. At a patient with chronic renal insufficiency
A) Uroliathisis
clearance of insulin to 60ml/min is diminished.
B) Pyelonephritis
Violation of what function of kidney is it linked
C) Cystitis with?
D) Acute renal insuffiency A. reabsorption in the proximal part of nephron
E) Nephrotic syndrome B. reabsorption in the distal part of nephron
C. reabsorption in colligative kidney tubes
2.In classic Masugi’s experience the D. canaliculi secretion
development of glomerulonephritis at E. glomerular filtration
rats is caused by introduction of
heterological opposite renal serum.
What type of allergic reaction by
6. At a patient with chronic renal
Kumb’s and Jell lies in the basis of
insuffiency appeared anorexia,
development of glomerulonephritis by
dyspepsia, arrhythmia, itch of skin.
Masugi?
What is the main reason of
A) 1st type (anaphylactic)
development of these violations?
B) 2nd type (cytotoxic)
A) accumulation of products of nitric
C) 3rd type (immune complex)
exchange in blood
D) 4th type (delayed-type
B) disturbance of lipid exchange
hypersensitivity)
C) overpatching of carbohydrate
E) 5th type (stimulating)
exchange
D) renal acidosis
3. In the experiment the
E) disturbance of water-electrolyte
nephrocytotoxic guinea-pig’s serum was
exchange
entered to a rabbit. What disease of
kidneys was designed in this
7. To the white rat sublimate was
experiment?
entered under a skin in a dose of 5 mg
A) chronic pyelonephritis
on kg of body weight. In 24 hours the
B) Nephrotic syndrome
concentration of creatinine in plasma
c) acute pyelonephritis
blood increased in several times. What
D) Chronic kidney insuffieciency
is the mechanism of retention azotemia
E) acute diifusive glomerulonephritis
in this case?
A) decrease of glome filtration
4. At a patient after the heavy trauma
B) increased of formation of creatinine
of thorax developed shock and
in muscles
appeared the signs of an acute kidney
C) increase of reabsorption of creatinine
insuffieciiency. What is the leading
D) increase of glomerular filtration
mechanism of development of an acute
renal insuffieciency in this case?
E) increase of creatinine secretion in
renal tubules

8. During the inspection of patient with

glomerulonephritis the anasarca,
anaemia, leukocytosis, hyperazotemia
and hypoproteinemia are eposed.
Arterial pressure is 185/105 mm of hg.
What is the evidence of complication of
glomerulonephritis by a nephrotic
syndrome?
A) anaemia
B) Leukocytosis
C) hyperazotemia
D) arterial hypertension
E) hypoproteinemia

9. A man of 48 years was hospitalized in

a clinic with exacerbation of chronic
glomerulonephritis. During the
inspection it was diagnosted a chronic
renal insuffiency. What is the
explanation of hyperazotemia at
chronic renal insuffiency?
A) disturbance of protein metabolism
B) disturbance of water electrolytes
balance
C) decrease of glomerular filtration
D) decrease of tubular reabsorption
E) decrease of tubular excretion

10.At a woman that suffers from

systemic lupus erythematosus for 7
years, arosed up azotemia, oliguria,
hyposthenuria, isosthenuria,
proteinuria. What is the main link in
pathogenis of these symptoms?
A) decrease of the mass of active
nephrons
B) increase of glomerular filtration
C) decrease of tubular secretion
D) disturbance of permealibilty of
glome membranes
E) intensification of natrium
reabsorption
VARIANT 2
1. At a rabbit a chronic
glomerulonephritis was reproduced by
introduction of large doses opposite
kidney guinea-pig serum. What is the
basis of it development?
A) ischemic necrosis of tubular
epithelium
B) glomerulosclerosis
C) renal amyloidosis
D) immune damage of renal glomes
E) toxic damage of tubular epithelium
2. As a result of considerable sclerotic
changes the mass of functioning
nephrons diminished to 10% at a
patient with chronic
glomerulonephritis. What violations lies
in basis of uraemia syndrome?
A) azotemia
B) disturbance of water hemostasis
C) disturbance of osmotic hemostasis
D) renal osteodystrophy
E) arterial hypertension
3. A man of 48 years was hospitalized in
a clinic with exacerbation of chronic
glomerulonephritis. During the
inspection it was diagnosed a chronic
renal insufficiency. What is the
explanation of hyper azotemia at
chronic renal insufficiency?
A) disturbance of protein metabolism
B) disturbance of water- electrolyte
balance
C) decrease of glomerular filtration
D) decrease of tubular reabsorption
E) decrease of tubular excretion A) allergic reactions of 1st type by
Kumb’s and Jell
4.A patient of 38 years grumbles about B) allergic reaction of 2nd type by Kumb’s
thirst (drinks to 8 l in a day), polyuria, and Jell
weight loss, general weakness. He is ill C) allergic reaction of 3rd type by Kumb’s
for 6 months. Urine analysis pointed: and Jell
relative density – 1001, leucocytes-0-1 D) allergic reaction of 4th type by Kumb’s
in field of vison, tracks of albumen. and Jell
What is t5he reason of the permanent E) allergic reaction of 5th type by Kumb’s
polyuria? and Jell
A) effection of renal glomes
B) effection of renal tubules 8. What are the pathological
C) decrease of production of components of urine that testify the
vassopresin increase of permeability of glomerular
D) increase of osmotic pressure of urine membrane?
E) increase of oncotic pressure of urine A) leukocytes
B) glucose
5. At a patient with a primary nephrotic C) aminoacids
syndrome maintenance of general D)albumen
albumin of blood makes 40g/l . what is E) Pus
the reason of hypoprotinemia?
A) increased proteolysis
B) exit of protein from vessels in fabrics
C) decrease of protein synthesis in the
liver
D) proteinuria
E) disturbance of intestinal absorption
of protein

6. At a patient with chronic

glomerulonephritis the speed of
glomerular filtration is reduced to 20%
from normal. What is the cause of the
reduction of speed of the glomerular
filtration?
A) decrease of the amount of
functioning nephrons
B) tubulopathia
C) obturation of urinary tracts
D) renal ischemia
E) thrombosis of renal arteries

7. At a patient with systemic lupus

erythematosus the maintenance of
albumen in urine makes 2,0 g/l. what is
the typical pathological process that
predetermine the development of
glomerulonephritis and proteinuria?