Psychoeducation Manual For Bipolar Disorder (Francesc Colom, Eduard Vieta) ITA

6?JP? C G L GA C PA?SG JC LCM G G PM GL ?
MC
GROOR R V PN QV R QR N `R N VN OV N R VN V ` N``NYR ` SN YNP TVP N VP RQaPNfV Rla N

`RP VPN PUR V l QVY ` N`N Y ` RSSVPNPR P YR NTTVa `N NV SN YNPV P ` VOaR Q N VQa R V
aYR QV à``V V `V V QV RPVQVbR OV N VR RQN VffNfV R OVR``Vb l aR QV YVT V N R N
P Y R V R QR QV à O QN N `R QRV NfVR `V R aV QV N NQR V R N N SN YNP `R N VN
6N N` a T NYYN QV 6N PR N QV T N QR aPPR R ON N` a RbVQR fN aR ` VO la N
TaVQN NTYN`VPN R `R N Ra`V a P YR VY RYR `N R N VP RQaPNfV R R V NfVR `V OV N V
: V PR a N TaVQN N`VPN a P YR P Qa R a T a QV VP RQaPNfV R a`V VffN Q R V VR
PN V ` N``V QN D T NYYN QV D VP RQaPNfV R QV 6N PR N ` R S V PR N R`` R a N T N QR
aN `V`k QV P VT V R ` aPPUV N`VPV R `RP VPUR RPVSVPUR R YN VYVffN R V OR RSVPV QR N
VP RQaPNfV R OV N R
; V Na` V UN S YN` V VY T a NY ` N R RSSVPNPVN QR N VP RQaPNfV R P YR ` N``NYR `
QV YN `R VYR ` R UN a N a TN ` VN QV R RPafV R QR N VP RQaPNfV R OV N R
1M?JAC A Il GR V FR RN PUR R V 6V N 8V QR D T NY 8 65DG

V`N 7 V VP 6N PR N R N e GR V RPà R R `Và`R S
D ePUVN` e Q N
0 ?M GC ?l V 8V R`` R QR D T NYYN R V 8V à OV 6V N V 8 65DG 7 V VPN

C RQN VR N 6N PR N RD SR R QV D VPUVN` VN N I VbR V`k QV 6N PR N
7 GA C PA?SG JC
6?JP? C LCM GL ?MC
G PM
: N PR P 7 Y
D T NYYN R V QV à O OV N R 8 65DG
7R ` QV FVPR PN ARQVPN G`N Re 7 V VPN C RQN VR N 6N PR N
9Q N Q JVR`N
8V R`` R D T NYYN 8V à OV 6V N V 8 65DG
7R ` QV FVPR PN ARQVPN G`N Re 7 V VPN C RQN VR N 6N PR N
J PJ? LMCD?SG JC G
N GP ``
D SR R QV H N``NYR `V D VP TVPV FR RN PU
`Và`R S D ePUVN` e Q N
GH5AD5 89 IB J9FG Hi 8 75A6F 8;9
7NYO VQTR BRc L W AR O a R ANQ VQ 7V``k QR 7N GV TN R GN DN
D R N QR I VbR V`k QV 7NYO VQTR

RQVSVPV QV 9QVYOa T 7NYO VQTR 76 0FI FRT I V`
DaOO VPN` RT V G`N`V I V`V Q 5YR VPN QN 7NYO VQTR I VbR Vè D R BRc L W
ccc PNYO VQTR T
S YNfV V a aR ` `V` 2 ccc PNYO VQTR T'1/0(- ).0 .0-
g 7NYO VQTR I VbR Vè D R ((.
EaR `N aOO VPNfV R l `R``N QN P e VTU` :N``R N bR R RPPRfV V RTN V R N

QV VfV R QRV R N`VbV P ` N``V QV VPR fN P R``VbN l bVR`N`N N V QafV R QV aN VN V
N `R R fN Na` VffNfV R P V``N QR N 7NYO VQTR I VbR Vè D R
DaOO VPN` R N VYN b `N V S YN` PN `NPR R ((.
G6B%) 1/0%(%-))% ,0- % R6 W "96

G6B%)( (%-))% ,0- % R6 W "96
G6B%) 1/0%(%- )%.0 .0%- N R ONPW

G6B%)( (%- )%.0 .0%0 N R ONPW
7NYO VQTR I VbR Vè D R UN N Pa N R NOV V`k R N R V `R fN NPPa N`RffN QRT V

IF R V V`V KRO R `R V QV `R fR N `V N PaV V SN VSR VYR ` V aR `N aOO VPNfV RR
TN N `V PR PUR aN VN V P `R a` QV `N V V`V KRO VN VYN k NPPa N` N VN`
`N` SN`` T V S f R N R N NfV R QV aR `N aOO VPNfV R R S V R

V S YNfV V NPPa N`R R NTTV N`R PUR VN V NPP Q P T V `N QN Q R N N`VPN
NPPR``N`V N Y YR ` QR N aOO VPNfV R GROOR R V PN V P V VPV VN ` N``V QN PN V
RN V l `N` SN`` T V S f R YN PUR N R R VQR `V`k QRV V QVbVQaV P V b `V
Ha``NbVN T V Na` V T V RQV` V R T V RQV` V TN N `V R PUR R V S YNfV V
P `R a`R R R R `R Q PaYR ` VN ` `N YR `R VbR QV R V N PUR R PUm T V
`N QN Q P V VPV PNYOVN P `N `RYR `R N`` NbR N VPR PN R N RT NYR `NfV R
; V Na` V V Pa N` V R T V RQV` V QRP V N R `N ` T V R NOV V`k R QN V
QV R``V P R aR fVN V QR VbN `V QN a QR YN`R VN R P `R a` V aR `N
aOO VPNfV R
7CM 8 ?MG C 2 MG?
J CJP G
D RSNfV R dV
D RSNfV R db
7?M C LC G A GJGAG G?EJ GAG C CM?LCP GAG CG G PM G GL ?MG
V ` QafV R
8V à OV OV N V N`` NbR N ` VN ,
8VNT V R P N VSVPNfV R .
8VNT V ` N bR N R /
:N R YN VNPN R /
:N R V YN VNPN R 0
:N R QR R VbN ))
:N R YV `N ))
8VNT V TVàQV N R2 P N VSVPNfV R )
HV QV à OV OV N V )
HV QV à OV OV N V )
7VP `VYVN )
5 ` V QV à OV OV N V )
`R bR `V VP TVPV RV QV à OV OV N V ),
D VP N N V V )-
HR N VN QV T a )-
HR N VN V `R R NR )/
HR N VN P T V`Vb %P Y `NYR `N R )0
`R bR ` SNYV VN R RV NfVR `V OV N V (
GG
GGG J CJP G
7?M C JAC C IC EG? C ? L GA C PA?SG JC
HR N VN VP TVPN R QV à O OV N R2 R PUm VP RQaPN R4 -

ARPPN V YV QV NfV R QR N VP RQaPNfV R (
`RT N R N VP RQaPNfV R R N N`VPN P V VPN ,
EaN Q V ` Qa R N VP RQaPNfV R4 ,(
5 R``V S YN V QR T NYYN QV VP RQaPNfV R ,-
BaYR R `V TVN QRV ,-
NfVR `V `R N V `V ,/
AN`R VN V VPUVR `V ,/
C TN VffNfV R QR R R V V ,0
7?M C 7M EM?II? G L GA C PA?SG JC C G JG C A J CJP G
JG U J ?LC CSS? C G PM
GR V R) D R R `NfV R R RT R QR T a -/
GR V R 7 l V QV à O OV N R4 .,
GR V R :N`` V RfV TVPV R PN`R N `V GV ` YV 2 /
GR V R, AN VN R V YN VN GV ` YV 2 8R R V R /0
GR V R- RQ R V QV YV `V 9b afV R R T V 0-
GR V R. 1
JG U CMCJS? ?G D?MI?AG
D VNY RbRQR R a N PN N )(/
NQR R fN4 Saà ))(
GR V R/ H N``NYR ` 2 G`NOV VffN` V QR aY R )))
GR V R0 H N``NYR ` 2 :N YNPV N `VYN VNPN V ))/
GR V R1 H N``NYR ` 2 5 `VQR R VbV )
GR V R )( VbR V N YN`VPV QV `NOV VffN` V QR aY R ) .
GR V R )); NbVQN fN R P a R fN TR R`VPN ) (
GR V R ) D VP SN YNP TVN b `R N VR N `R N`VbR GR V R ) -
) FV PUV N PVN`V N N R V R QR ` N``NYR ` ),(
JG U 0 G ?MC ? P G ?JSC
GR V R ),G `N fR VP N``VbR2 V PUV RV QV à OV OV N V ),1
GR J CJP G
JG U G?EJ G LMCA AC G JP G CLG G '

DN ) S YNfV V r S R aR `V RT N V QV VPNQa`N )-/
DN QVbVQaN VffNfV R r VQR `VSVPNfV R QV R `R V
NbbR `VYR `V NbbR `VYR `V R N`VbV )-0
DN NTTV G RPVN VffNfV Rr Q YV QV Q YV
RT N V QV RN N YR )-1
7 YR a`V VffN R R R P QRV RT V4 ).
GR V R )-FV RbNfV R RP PR QVR V QV YN VNPN V RQ V YN VNPN V ).
GR V R ).FV RbNfV R RP PR QVR V QV QR R VbV R YV `V GR V R ).1
)/7 N SN R aN Q N a bN SN RbVR R V RbN` 4 )/
JG U G P GJG MCE ?MG C EC G JC C MC
GR V R )0FRT N V`k QR R NOVàQV V GR V R )1HRP VPUR )0
QV P ` QR ` R GR V R (G` N`RTVR QV V afV R )00
QRV O RYV GR V R )7UVa a N )1
)1/
B `N SV N R2 N VP RQaPNfV R l RSSVPNPR4 ()
6VO V T NSVN (-
QVPR )
7MCD?SG JC
DVq PUR S R R N`VPNYR `R aN VN V N ` N YN N``VN YR `N R l

RPR N V a N PPV P Y R` R V `RT N` N N TR `V R QRV
QV à OV OV N V VQRN VYV`N`N PUR V ` N``NYR ` QRV QV à OV
OV N V P V `N R ` bN R N TVa `N SN YNP `R N VN l `N`N
NY VNYR `R SN`N`N N QV VOV V`k QV a N R VR QV SN YNPV
QVY ` N`V a`V V RT V àQV QV VPR PN UN PNYOVN` V P QRV
QV à OV OV N V P n P YR V V P ` VNY R N N`VPN
P `RY N RN RbVQR fN aTTR V PR PUR aR ` QVbN V RSSVPNPVN%
RSSVPNPVN l a Q `` QN a N` QR N QVSSVP `k R P bV PR R V
NfVR `V OV N V NQ NQR V R N ` N``NYR ` SN YNP TVP P YR
R P V`` R QN N `
JV l a N P R PR `R NPPR``NfV R QR VY `N fN QR V `R V QR N ba R NOV V`k N

` R P YR Y QR R P Y R QR R V V PUV V QVbVQaN R QV RPVQVbN T V
SNb Rb R RV QV à OV OV N V N PUR NPPR``N` PUR T V N``RTTVNYR `V R R P bV fV V
QRV NfVR `V VTaN Q N QV à O R N a ` N``NYR ` V S aR fV P YR R V
NQN``N N N VàNfV R R PUR aR ` NQN``NYR ` YN PN fN QV R V S aR fR k
N N SV R V R V` ` R NVa`N R V QVbVQa N VP PR R R Y QVSVPN R
P Y `NYR `V `R fVN YR `R QN V "P YR a QV Q TUR NP V P NTTVN R
NQ fV R QV Y QR V Vq `NOV V R RT N V QV N``VbV`k PVN R "PUR N b `N
`NOV VffN R V V`YV PV PNQVN V V `VffN`V P YR a `R V V Y QV R VQa R V V PUV QV
RPVQVbN Ha``V aR `V V a `N`V QR N VPR PN UN PUVN NYR `R V QVPN` a a R a
V `R bR ` PUR R QR QV YV N V SN`` V QV ` R VP PVN V PUR V S aR fN
RTN`VbNYR `R R V` R PUR NVa`N V NfVR `V N SN R PR `R V S YN`R a P YR NTV R
NSS `N R aN Q V` bN QV S `R N a O RYN QV N a`R YR `N R N a T `R YV R
Ha``NbVN V QV RYYN PUR V RbN NV VPR PN` V R PNY R N aN R `V QV V `R bR `
VP TVP Nb ROOR QQV SN`` à``V aR `V
RG
RGG 7MCD?SG JC
R aV V`V R SS V ROOR a Y QR QV ` N``NYR ` P Y RYR `N R N fVPUm

P P R `R VY `N `R PUR V `R fVN V TaNQNT V QR VbN `V QN a N `R N VN
VP TVPN VN `N`V P Y YR V R PUm UN VQ `` NPPR``NfV R QN
N `R QR NfVR `R QR a P aPVN R QRT V `NOV VffN` V QR aY R R QV N ` V SN YNPV
BR a `VY QRPR V aN`` Y QR V V PV N V QV V `R bR `V VP TVPV V Rb a`V
R V QV à OV OV N V H R "bN R N QV R N `R N VN P T V`Vb P Y `NYR `N R N `R N VN
QRV V`YV PVN V V `R R N V R N `R N VN V PR ` N`N a N SNYVT VN N R R `N
NQN``NYR `V QV Y QR V ON N`V a RbVQR fN RPRQR `RYR `R N VPN`V P aPPR N
` N``NYR ` QR N QR R V R R' QR N PUVf S R VN aN ` Y QR l `N`
bV a N` QV a b QN T a QV 6N PR N N NQ ``N` ` R V PV V PUVNbR
R VQRNfV R QR N PPV 2 ") V `R bR ` Q bRbN R SN`VffN R a Y QR
VP OV % PVN R QRV QV à OV OV N V V Y Q PUR à``V T V V `R bR `V `R N Ra`VPV VN
R V SN YNP TVPV VP TVPV NbR R a R "PV l N N V R NfV NV R V
NfVR `R3 " V T NYYN Q bRbN YV N R N R aR `V V VP PVN V S QNYR `N V R T V
V `R bR `V a`V VffN`V QRb R R R ON N`V a RbVQR fN " aV QV V P Ya R P TVN` V
N PPV T V R RYR `V S QNYR `N V YV N N NQN``NYR ` N NQR R fN N ` N``NYR `
R N N VQafV R QR NOa QV `N fR N N RT N VffNfV R QRV V`YV PVN V R N N
VPNQa`N ` N`RTVR QV RbR fV R3R" V T NYYN Q b ROOR S V R NT V V QVbVQaV
V S YNfV V RPVSVPUR R R RfV N`R a QV à O V a S YN` QV SNPV R a`V Vff R
N PUR V RT N R R P R `V R N N`VPN QV RSSVPNPV PN NPV`k QV P V T
;VN R``V a VPV QR N PPV QV 6N PR N PUR V ON N a N SV SVN QR N
VP RQaPNfV R YN a`V VffN a Y QR QV N R QVYR ` QRT V NQa `V R NTTVa TR R
V a V OVR``VbV R S V PR NV NfVR `V a N PPV QV T a PUR SS R
a ` ` N N V YN P R `R N PUR QV VY N N R T V a V QNT V N ` V EaR `V R RYR `V
VY `N `V ` PUR V S YNfV R QN N l a YR` Q RPR N V YN
aSSVPVR `R R Y QVSVPN R V P Y `NYR ` RSSR``V Y `V P V VPV PV VPV RV
P S `V QR N VP RQaPNfV R R PUm à``V NSSR YN QV SS V N NV NfVR `V YN PUV
P V VPV N VPN a Y QR Ya `VS YR V `RYN`VP R P Y R` PUR NVa`N R R RN
Y QVSVPN R RSSR``VbNYR `R R VR NfV V NQ N R QR R a bR PN NPV`k QV P V T
QV V afV R QRV O RYV T NYYN QV VP RQaPNfV R QR V RN` V aR `
YN aN R VY VPN PUVN NYR `R a N P YOV NfV R NPPa N`NYR `R R RfV N`N QV QN R
V S YNfV V Na` N R QVYR ` TaVQN` R à V`k QV bV a N RR N`VPN R
PN NPV`k QV Na` TR `V R `` a R bV V R R R V V UN a S YN` PUVN PUR
Y QR N NV YRYO V QR T a P YR NSS `N R R aR `V V R N`VbR NV O RYV QV
N a`R YR `N R N ` a`à N R V P `R VYR ` S V`V QNV SR V V `V QR N N a`R
YR `N R N VPa N V bN `NTTV QR N R QVYR ` QV T a R` N N V
333 7MCD?SG JC
a ` YN VYVffN`V N PUR PUVN PUR YR ` R T V N T YR `V ` N``N`V V aR `

T NYYN ` N``N`V R VNYR `R VY RT R V `R NfV RP V YRYO V QR T a
VPUVRQ NV `R N Ra`V QV RbV`N R aY V Y N fV P l a `` `R ` V aR ` T NYYN PUR
N R QVYR ` ao N PUR R R R a PR VNPRb R
7UV P PR : N PR P 7 Y R 9QaN Q JVR`N N k P N Rb R
QR R YR V R`` V `R NfV N R R V P ` VOa`V N N VPR PN a
à``V T V N R``V QRV QV à OV OV N V EaR ` YN aN R S V PR a N
QR P VfV R QR``NT VN`N QR N PPV a`V VffN` RV àQV
aOO VPN`V a N VP RQaPNfV R P R `R Q N R VPN QR
T NYYN V àQV QV VPR PN N ` bR R N ` NQafV R QR N VPR PN R N
N`VPN P V VPN YRQVPV PUR N`VPN V N ` V PR ` V N
N VPN R V T NYYN QV T a bV a N` N 6N PR N R
V S YNfV V S V`R R YN aN R R N PUVN RffN QR N ` a`à N QR N
R V RP R `V N V ` R NV YRQVPV QV V `VàV R RbR àN V
Y QVSVPUR RPR N VR R QQV SN R R R VTR fR QRV T a V QV NfVR `V
PN V N V `R QR aNQ QR V RN`
R R VTR fR QR R R R P QV à O OV N R Y `R R
bN VR T NYYN bV a N` QN T a PN`N N l N `NYR `R
NPPR``NOV R R SNPV YR `R P Y R VOV R QNV NfVR `V V Na` VffN N
VY RT N V R Na` Y V` NTTV R R Na` TR `V R R fN YNV
YV N R VY `N fN QRV SN YNPV P YR P Y R `R S QNYR `N R
QR NPPUR`` `R N Ra`VP P Y R Vb ; V N PPV PUR V `RT N
R SR``NYR `R N PPV SN YNP TVPV R VP TVPV NV QV à OV
OV N V PUV R `N V ` N YN V aR `V `V V QV
` N`RTVR PUR a TR `RYR `R RPR N V R b T VNY ``R R R
V a `N`V YVT V V R V ` V NfVR `V T a QV 6N PR N UN
QN` a P ` VOa` S QNYR `N R N N PVR fN R N N N`VPN P V VPN
4?J 9A
D SR R QV VPR PN aV ` N``NYR `V VP TVPV
`Và` QV D VPUVN` VN Q N FRT I V`
7MCD?SG JC
5V `RY V QR Y R F YN Q a N bV`` VN YV V`N R Y R N` R SV NbN

V ` V S QNbN `V N R S R RPPV`N`R R VP PR `V R NbN QN N `
P V a V NTTV Vq Sa TVQV T V N VTVV P NbN V PN V PR à V V
N a`NbN P YR a T N QR P Q ``VR N ROR bR R NbN N bV`N T V
VQRbN R N T VN Vq T N QR R N PUR a VY N bR N aN
N PR V R` V SN R N N 8VbV V`k 8VR` QV aV N `R QR a `R `R RTaV`
PNYYV NbN a Y P Y V` QR a Y R N V R`R R V `RYN`VPNYR `R
N VY R N` R2 FVP QN`V PUR RV QVbV VP QN`V PUR RV aYN VP QN`V
PUR QRbV Y V R
EaR `N SVTa N RN R R NY VNYR `R Q PaYR `N`N QNT V ` VPV V a ` N R SR``NYR `R V
Nb QRV `R N Ra`V VP RQaPN`VbV2 S V R NV NfVR `V R V S YNfV V QV PaV UN OV T V
Y Q PUR N VN Q bR V ` bN R N QRPVQR R Q bR N QN R
EaN Q NOOVNY V VfVN` N TN VffN R T a V QV VP RQaPNfV R R NfVR `V
OV N V R N QV VOV V PUV VYR V S YNfV V a aR ` N PPV R
PR N àQV N Q YVffN`V P N Pa T NQ QV VT R YR` Q TVP R R a
YN aN R RPVSVP aV QV NOOVNY Q ba` N``V TR R N N ` NP PR fN QR
QV à O OV N RRN N ` N P Ya R R 8 a QV `RY V VfVN NQ
a PV R aYR R RPR V V R YN aN V R P YV PVNYY N P `N``N R V V VR V QR N
VPR PN V aR ` PNY GVNY `N`V SR VPV QV bRQR R PUR aN V à``V V `RNY RT V
G`N`V I V`V V ; N 6 R`NT N RV DNR V 6N V V `N VN `NbN Nb N Q R
`R OVR``Vb a`V VffN Q `RP VPUR VYV V R NSS `N Q T V `R V `RYV RSSR``V
VNY TVa `V N P Pa V V VYV V 7Vo l `N` R QR `R R PUm V VPR PN` V
NbRbN % R P RQVNY NOOVN N P N % Oa R R a N PR `N P PR fN P V VPN
QRV QV à OV OV N VR N`à`` R PUm N VP RQaPNfV R l a V `R bR ` N PaV
RPR V`k l RbVQR `R R PN QRV NfVR `V OV N V AN R R R bbV QV Oa R
VT VSVPN RPR N VNYR `R PUR QROON R R R RSSVPNPR I N QR R Sa fV V QR
PVR `VSVP
R
R G 7MCD?SG JC
YR` Q l V aR QV QVY ` N R bbV RS à N`NYR `R N VP RQaPNfV R UN

NY VNYR `R QVY ` N` N aN RSSVPNPVN R N RbR fV R QR R VPNQa`R RV QV à OV
OV N VrP N PUR VNY QV R P T TV R PUm V ` T a UN b ` a
a VT VSVPN`Vb
EaR ` VO l a YN aN R R V RT N R NV NfVR `V N TR `V R YRT V V V
QV à O P bVbR PV T RQV R P R N aYR R V SN YNPV V Y Q Vq RSSVPNPR
R PN V R R PUm V SN YNP QRbR R R R N a ` AN N`à`` l a YN aN R
QVQN``VP R a N `RP VPN PUR NVa`R k V à V NfVR `V OV N V N aOV R YR VPNQa`R
EaR ` VO `V S V k T V ` aYR `V QV PaV UNV OV T R TR `V R a T NYYN QV

VP RQaPNfV R PUR lN a`NYR `R R R fVN R QN a ` QV bV `N QR N
YRQVPV N ON N`N a RbVQR fN YN l N PUR a QV V`` QR NfVR `R r V QV V`` N N R R QV
Vq a a QV à O r R a a ` bV`N R R V SN YNP
5OOVNY TR``N` aR ` VO R R R R N`VP R SNPV R QN a N R VfVNY P
a V ` QafV R TR R N R a N R R `NfV R P V VPN QRV QV à OV OV N V R a N O RbR
N RT N QRT V V `R bR `V VP TVPV `R `N`V SV NQ TTV3 TaN QVNY V R PUm a
QR N VP RQaPNfV R R QV à O OV N R l VY `N `R R aN V V a V YRPPN V YV
QV NfV R aV QV N VNY QRT V N R``V S YN V QR ` V `R bR ` r Qa N`N
S R aR fN S YN` RPP 8 aR `V N T YR `V V ` Qa``VbV `R VPV R N`VPV N QVNY
NbN `V QR P VbR R V T a N QR R PV aR a V`k V ` V `R bR ` PUR V P Y R QV )
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6 A DD GI ? M E?
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P T VgV V RTNaVcR .,
8V V bgV R QR ` -/
DR QVaN QV V aR R``R -/
DR QVaN QV R` ,
DVN a ,
DR QVaN QV N RaVa .
GV a V` NaVPV .
VaNOV Vaj 1
% N`` `bPPR``Vc Q NcR P RaNa R R P QRV `V a V k ` VRTN R V QRaaNT V

V P `N P `VàR PVN`Pb `V a R Q N aVP N R R SN`V `b N
QVSSR R gVNgV R QN R cN VNgV V QR b R Na TVPUR EbV QV R R`R V `R
N VN QV N RQ VN ``VN P R aN R PUR ccVN R aR PV `N N TV VV
PbV T Q R R QR R à R NaaVcVaj VNPRc V `R gN R``R R QR R``V N PUR
N RQ VN `V VSR V`PR N V PN NPVaj QV b N R ` N QV T QR R QV bN `VN`V NaaVcVaj R PUR
V T V PN` k Vo SNPV R cN baN `R k NPP NT Na QN N a V `V a V DR bN a
VTbN QN N SNaVPN Q OOVN P R aN R PUR N SNaVPN QV b N R ` N QR R``N k
N`` PVNaN NQ N Pb `S g N QVSSR R gN QR N N R SNaVPN PUR `V cR VSVPN Q PUR
b N R ` N k àNaN SV`VPN R aR NaaVcN N a VàRggN k N PUR b R gV R N R PUR
bn R``R R b `V a QV QR R``V R R bN Q PVn NPPNQR k TR R N R aR
` gV Na V` Raa N bN `VN`V àV R PN OVN l VT V N b VP `V a
PUR kb NP aV bNgV R QR N N Vaj k VQRNgV R `bVPVQN VN R bV QV
``VN VaR R R PUR R``N ` N `VN V QVPNaVcN QV b R V` QV QR R``Vc
% 5 N SV R QR N `R``V R N V R R N QV`Pb``V R A aV NgVR aV

c TV ` VRTN R P R `V ` `R aVaV bN Q R N QR R``V R PUl R N
V N c aN R N cVaN `R a QV R``R R R à TVbà 2 ` P
R ` RP R PUR UN ` SSR a SV V S Q N àR``N P `N PUR
6 A DD GI ? M E?
V Rà QV UN Naa NcR `Na V PUR k bN P `N PUR NPPNQR

bN Q ` P V aR N RbaN
. EI AC C
% D ``VN QRQVPN R b QV aR N SN P R aN R NV NgVR aV R V R Pb``V V PUR T V R V` QV QR R``VcV UN
Ncba `b N cVaN SN V VN R ` PVN R R Nc NaVcN a RNP R UN ` SSR a R R``R R P `VQR NaV VT V
bN Q V RN aj ` N NaV R `` P QVcVQR R N Pb R QR R R` R VR gR V aV R N`` PVNaR N N
QR R``V R Hbaa bRà kb QRT V OVRaaVcV QR T b QV R `l I NgVR aR PUR UN ` R V R aNa N
QR R``V R QV ` Va QVPR N `VPUVNa N bN P `N QR aV a RàV NV PN V VP RaN R aR R PUl
`RV NV àNa QR R`` P R R EbV QV N ``VN SS V R NV NgVR aV N ``VOV Vaj QV N N R QR N
QR R``V RP R ` R PUR R UN ` SSR a V P R EbRà Qj N aV NgVR aV OV N V b T N QR
`R ` QV ` VRc R ` Raa QV `R aV `V P `m ` V R ` N PUR V T NQ QV P PRaabN VggN R N QR R``V RP R
N aR QR QVàb O R VP `PR R PUR V `V a V R R R` R VR gR PUR UN Ncba ` P QVcV`V QN N NTTV N aR
QR R R ` R R T b EbN aV QRV à V NgVR aV PV UN QRaa Qb N aR b N cV`VaN V QVcVQbN R bN P `N QR
aV B b V NVbaN V R PUl `NV P k 4 CccVN R aR bN `VN`V RQVP P b NS NgV R V V N
QV` R QV V` `R `bSSVPVR aV R P ONaaR R bRà N T R a N ` RaaR QV R``R R cR PUR V NgVR aV `V
`R a P `m RQ k bR PUR QVP N `R `NgV R PUR V P V VP `N j NV V T NQ QV PN V R cR N R aR P R
`V `R aR b NgVR aR bn aN R b NgVR aR QR R`` N PNQR R V NaaRTTVN R aV VPUV VàV VTbN Q N `bPPR`` QV
b N aVP N R a NaaN R a V QV R QR aR R aR QN SNaa PUR V a NaaN R a P `VàN V PV N R aR R N
SN NP aR N VN R N `VP aR N VN R a ROOR R `V aN R V NgVR aR N `R aV R PUR k NV àNa P `m
N Na R PUR `V V R QR j NV 5cR R P aNaaV P N a V NgVR aV k baV R R RcR V R bRà VPUV V`
V QV R QR aR R aR QN SNaa PUR V a NaaN R a P `VàN V PV N R aR R N SN NP aR N VN R N `VP aR N VN
R a ROOR R `V aN R V NgVR aR N `R aV R PUR k NV àNa P `m N Na R PUR `V V R QR j NV 5cR R
P aNaaV P N a V NgVR aV k baV R R RcR V R bRà VPUV V` V QV R QR aR R aR QN SNaa PUR V a NaaN R a
P `VàN V PV N R aR R N SN NP aR N VN R N `VP aR N VN R a ROOR R `V aN R V NgVR aR N `R aV R
PUR k NV àNa P `m N Na R PUR `V V R QR j NV 5cR R P aNaaV P N a V NgVR aV k baV R R RcR V R
bRà VPUV V`
% RV S NgV V `b N Nab N Na TVPN QR N QR R``V R QV ` Va V N`PVN a `R ` QV

P N R PUl V NgVR aV ` àNaV ` R`` NPPb`NaV QV R``R R QRO V VT V QN R R ` R
V a N R a RR N QR R``V EbV QV TVPN R aR P k b N PR aN NOOVN cR ` R
R ` R PUR QVP P `R QR TR R R PUR NPP NT N R` R DR RV QV VggN R bRàN
NOOVN ``VN VP QN R NV à V NgVR aV PUR V P R R N P `N Rc V QV
P `N N R`R aN``R N QR R``V R SV N bN Q UN NcbaN V SN V VN V R N VPV
UN aVc QV R``R R R` R aV NQQV Vaab N QV P `PR R bRà OR N
7E D 22 ?G ?II E? ? ?G I DI
% 8 NcR P R aNa V QVàb OV QR ` PUR QV ` Va ` N`` PVNaV N N

QR R``V R ``VN V a Qb R N T R a `b b` aR N RbaVP QR `
EbV QV PR PN R QV Q V R1 RN aaR bn R``R R a baV R R `b R N R b
R V` QV QR R``Vc T V PN` bRà aR N a R j R R ``V R `R``V V
"cRQV )0(
% I N bRàV R PUR Q c ROOR R``R R QV`Pb``N N R aN R aR k V `bVPVQV SNaaV
bN Q V T b k Vo NcN gNa QV ` Va ``VN QN R V S NgV V
` RPVSVPUR `b bRà O R N PUR a NaaVN `R RP R b `V a V Vo
QR N QR R``V R ` T VN Q QV T V QV` `VaVc SV ` SVP RaaR N V
8 OOVN PUVN V R NV à V NgVR aV PUR V `bVPVQV k b QV Vaa N Vbaa à
b NP VPNgV R QR QVàb O RV RQV R QV N`` PVN R bRàV V a
QVcR `R P R V `bVPVQV R RbaN N`VN PUR N Pb V NgVR aV aR Q N` RcN R
GROOR R `VN OVRaaVc V N V N à N R` R VR gN PV UN à Na PUR V
T b k ` VaN R aR V T NQ QV V aRT N R R P a NàN R VQRNgV R `bVPVQN VN
SNaaV NOOVN V`P a Na PUR R``b QRT V a R (( NgVR aV PUR SV N
UN VPRcba `VP RQbPNgV R V aR cR aV à baab NaV `V k `bVPVQNa JN R N
QV R QV R `lUN VRaj N aV%`bVPVQN VR NTVV P a V `RaaV N N V QV
NgVR aV P R`VTR gR `V V V P b SR``V VàN `R O N NcR R b V Naa `b
bRà N` Raa
4 ? C? G M ?E ?
N PN NaaR VàVPN R``R gVN R QV b R V` QV QR R``Vc k PUR P aN b R V Q QV

N R `RaaV N R Qb N aR V bN R cV k b àNa QV b R QR R`` b R QVaN
QV V aR R``R VNPR R R bN`V abaaR R NaaVcVaj DR P `VQR N R PUR b N R ` N
` SS R QV QR R``V RpR `R VPR R aR PUR k a VàR R PPb NaN R RcR aV
RTNaVcV p Q c ROOR R``R R R`R aV a R Na VàRggN V VaNOV Vaj N a V bNaa
`V a V QN b R R P PUR V P bQRN aR NgV V QR N RaVa R` N aR NgV V QR
Va QR ` "TR R N R aR ` RPPR``Vc N N c aR N PUR V ` VN
N R aN R a QRV cV R aV SNaVPN R QVaN QV V aR R``V NOVabN V N PN gN QV
R R TVN `R aV R aV QV V SR V Vaj QV P N QVSSVP aj N R `N R P PR a N `V
R QR R QRPV`V V R R `VR V QV aR VQRR QV `bVPVQV "HNOR N /
G R`` R R ` R QR R``R QR`P Vc V àNa Q N V P R a VàR `R gN
` R N gN P V O bR` P R R``R R V b gg B àN aR PVn R N QR R``V R
OV N R k N PUR N R PUR N a VàRggN `VN R gV RQ V N aR R PUR N `b
à PV `VN b N `R `NgV R QV V VOVgV R cb a R aVc V QVSSR R gN N``VcVaj
8 ?CC GV a V R PN NaaR VàVPUR QR N SN`R QR R``VcN
7 aN R a DR `VR V 9 gV V'`R `VOV Vaj
GV a V 7N NaaR VàVPUR GV a V 7N NaaR VàVPUR GV a V 7N NaaR VàVPUR
` VN'V R ` VN V R bVRaRggN a VN R aRggN GV P aN QV Vo O bR` H VàRggN PUR

DR QVaN'Nb R a Vo " N N R aR NTVaNgV R AN PN gN QV R aN R aR R H VàRggN : `R
QR N RaVa 8V`NTV SV`VP PUR VQbPR V R QV R a P PR a NgV R UN RTNaVc VaNOV Vaj R` R`` P R
VOVgV R a VN `P NàVP Nc NaVc AR VN P aR ba 5 GR `NgV R QV V QVSSR R gN

R bVRaRggN a VN "V NaaVcVaj R R `V V OR V ` RaaVcN R``V VàVPN cb a N NaVN NOONaaV R a
:NaVPN QbPR V` N R a R 8V V bVa `b N``Na 9 aVc Vo N N R aR

5 NaVN N aN N `V QN N ` PVRaj R QN N 5aaR gV R R`R aR R Sbab R V QVSSR R gN P R N `VN'
FVaV `R``bN R SN VT VN BRV PN`V T NcV QV D`VPUVP `R aV R aV QV V VaNOV Vaj
AN PN gN QV R R TVN QR R``V R ``VN R `V N `VN R``R R N RggNa N Pb V PN`V m
a cN R V P SV N R a N Raa GbVPVQV R `R ` QV P N BRV PN`V k b N ` RPVR QV
àb R QR R``Vc V aR aNaVcV QV VQRNgV R Vo T NcV `` R``R PV V a VQV R a
`bVPVQV 7 k TR R N R aR 8R V N aR VQRR QR V N aV QV `R `NgV R

b V PN NPVaj QV `R aV R VQRR R``R R V baV R `R ` QV P N
cN R VNPR R 5 bPV NgV V PN ` R

` QQV`SNgV R R R QVaN QV DR``V V` R`R V R `VR V
V aR R``R R R P `R aN Q V NgVR aR N
P RQR R QV R VaN R QV
R``R R b Va OR V
P N R VN
NaaR gV RRP PR a NgV R
`V cRQ N PUR R a NgV V

7E D 22 ?G ?II E? ? ?G I DI
5 `VNk N PUR P b R 5a R R ` R QR R``R T b R SN`V ` RPVN R `bV

QVàb OV SV`VPV "QV`NTV QVSSb` Q R `R gN N Pb N PNb`N RQVPN 5 Pb V
à N b R RcNa àNa QV V VaNOV Vaj "PV k NOOVN R `VàR aR aR QR gN N
V` QR R V `b aN Q T V N a V `R aV R aV QV S bà NgV R R P `R PUR `
V aN aV 7 R ``VN cRQR R N QR R``V R OV N R bn N``b R R cN VR
S R RQ R``R R `R R N àR``N N NaaVN
H cVN bN`V `R Rb N aRc R N PN gN QV V aR R``R R PN NPVaj QV T QR `V N
cVaN EbN Q b N R ` N k QR R``N aR QR NQ R``R R R V aR R``NaN NQ NaaVcVaj PUR
QV ` Va R N T NaVSVPN aV "U OOf N QN R N PV R N N aRNa SN R b N N``RTTVNaN
àN R V `VR R P N SN VT VN R T V N VPV RPP BR N NTTV N aR QRV PN`V P k N PUR
b N QV V bgV R `VT VSVPNaVcN b P Ra QV`V aR R``R R V QR`VQR V `R``bN R
`ROOR R bRà `VN RcR `VOV R N Pb V PN`V V NgVR aR R QR N RaVa R QRcR SN R
aN SNaVPN N N TVN R N a V PN`V N R ` N k Vo NSSN NaN R N TVN `R gN N Pb
QV R QV ` Va PN N R R R PV PP Na 8V P `RTbR gN R`VàR N ``VOV Vaj QV R QVaN QV
R` R Nb R a QV R`
R N aR NgV V QR ` ` a P b V2 Q V Ra V R` VNR
` R gN Qb N aR V TV 5 c aR V NgVR aR `V `cRT VN Qb N aR N aaR R UN
aR QVSSVP aj N VNQQ R aN `V "V ` VN QN N aR V R a QR ` N
Q V R "V PN NPVaj QV Q V R
PN OVN R aV `VP a V V P bQ V R bVRaRggN"V PN NPVaj QV àN R `RQbaV R
b TUV R V QV QV aR N `VN TR R N R cV R aV R c `V QR R N V N N PUR
N R aN R" V TbNTTV R `VR R cV R aV ` Vo R aV R V a QR N c PR k Vo
OVQ
AN PN gN QV R R TVN `R `NgV R QV àN PURggN R NSSNaVPN R a ` a P b V R
R ` R `R a N àN PURggN V Q R `VàR aR `R gN NcR `c a N Pb aV QV R`R PVgV
SV`VP bV QV bN `VN`V P Va SNPV R VPUVRQR a `S g RSSVPVR gN P PbV `c T R
NaaVcVaj R baV R b aVQVN R k aRc R aR VQ aaN NQ R`R V R QR `V Pb N QV `R
àR``V QR VTVR R PUR bn QVcR aN R P `m RàR bN aR R V NgVR aR PUR ` RaaR QV SN
`R aV R aV QV R``R R V baV V QV P NV VPN b N cN baNgV R RTNaVcN R

V RN VàVPN QV `R àR``V `R aV R aV QV P NR N R PPb NgV R R TVR V N``NaV
N PUR `R V `VT VSVPN aV 7Vn bn aN R V NgVR aV N V aR RaN R R RN R aR RcR aV
ON N V PUR SV V`P R P `VQR N R P R cN QRV aV QVSRaaV R ` N V PUR R `N
QV NcR R i N R PUR PV `VN b R`NTR Na `R ` QV R` `NOV Vaj R R NccR `Vaj
6 A DD GI ? M E?
DR `VR V `b N aR `b `bVPVQV ` a P b V "b NgVR aR OV N R

`b a R aR aN V `bVPVQV b N c aN R N cVaN R N PUR `R R N R R V
QRaaNT V V b N a N `R``V R ``VN NSSR N R PUR R VQRR `bVPVQR `
`R R b `V a QV b N N NaaVN H N V aVcV PUR aN V NgVR aV
QR R``V N R `N R N `bVPVQV cV k V QR`VQR V QV N R QR `V QV S aR N bR
PUR VaR T b àNP V ` aNOV R R SV R N b àNa R aVc
Q ` PUR R PR V`P pR RN R aR p QRàV Na N Qb N R R `R RR
V N NOV R
; V R V` QV QR R``VcV `` R``R R RPRQbaV QN SNaa V QV à R`` `VP ` PVN R P R N aR QV
b N R ` N PN N N `R N NgV R EbRàV RcR aV `` V R`PN R R V` QV N c PN
BR N NTTV N aR QRV PN`V abaaNcVN bRàV R V` QV `V cR VSVPN ` aN RN R aR `R gN PUR `VN
R`R aR N Pb SNaa R QV à R`` DR R Q R NcR R b ON OV bn NTV R QN SNaa R `PNaR N aR
P `m P R bn aN R N b R V` QV N VNPN R R N PUR R Rà bNgV V `` QVcR aN R b
SNaa R QN aR R R V P `VQR NgV R
7N VN SN`V VàRR``R R bR V V PbV V `V a V QR R``VcV ` R`P NaV

V `VR R "PV k R``V V` VQRR `b N aR `b V PN NPVaj P `V a V
N VNPN V "NTVaNgV R V R bVRaRggN R `VR N VQ TR R N R aR
N VN R aR `Pb NaV QN V VaNOV Vaj N `VN NOV Vaj R V R bVRaRggN
7?II E? '
0L C M E? ? G AE I
5 ? L
OVRaaVc QR N `RàN `RQbaN k RaaR R N Sb P V PN NaaR R P VP R

VP R aR QR QVàb O OV N R R SNaVggN R b aR V R aR N QVSSR R gN a N
PNb`N R a VTTR R VP QN R N NgVR aR V PN NaaR R PVP VP QR QVàb O ON`Na
`b N aRP VPN QR T NSVP QR b R PUR V V NgVR aR QRcR NQ RTTVN R R a
N SV R QR N `R``V R
6 ?
% D V N QV T V `R``V R S V R N abaaV V NgVR aV b N QRaaNT VNaN Q Pb R aNgV R

R` VPNaVcN `b P RP R V aR N QR N cVaN R `RV `RaaR R`R V V cR aNaV PUR
baV VggR R Qb N aR N `R``V R HN R Q Pb R aNgV R bn R``R R N`PVNaN `b N a N QV
PVN`Pb NgVR aR P `RT NaN N bRà b aV N R a QR V T R`` V `RQbaN
% VgVR R N `RQbaN P R `R R V cVaN Q V NgVR aV N R
Q N QR `b P aR ba QR N `RQbaN RPRQR aR D VPUl N GR``V R-
VTbN QNcN N QR R``V R `N ROOR ` R QR aR `R V `b V
P aR baV NcR``R R PPb Na N Pb V NgVR aV R SNaa VP QN R
Qb N aR N `RaaV N N R R` R VR gR a Nb NaVPUR ` VNPRc V QRT V
R V` QV QR R``VcV GR ` ` RaaVN PUR PVn ``N R``R R NPPNQba
PR PUR R QV R``R R QV` VOV V N PN OVN R P RaN R aR V
P aR ba QR N `RàN `R``V R R N N`PVN R N `RaaV N N `bPPR``VcN
P PR a N Q PV `b Nc P RR gV V RTNaVcR TR R NaR
R V P a RPRQR aR 5 PUR `R k Nb` VPNOV R P Qb R V T N N
P R VN VSVPNa Q OOVN VP QN R PUR V à OVRaaVc SV N R k
a N` RaaR R P `PR gR N RcR V R VPNQbaR
% 8V R NV NgVR aV PUR q TTV SN R bN P `N QV QVcR ` V N R R N N R`R aN R
T NSVPN R aR V à QVàb O r EbRà b a QV ` Va k Rà R N R aR V aR R``N aR
R
6I G
A ; NSVP QV cVaN PUR

N R`R aN N PVP aV VN
9baV VN
8
"IB )- ). )/ )0 )1 ( ) 5 V
A GV a V `VP aVPV
L ; NSVP QV cVaN PUR N R`R aN V
QVàb O OV N R QV aV )
9baV VN
8
L
8
)1 ( ) N V
"6
A ; NSVP QV cVaN PUR N R`R aN V QVàb O
OV N R QV aV FVP QVN NV NgVR aV
PUR N PUR `R `V VS RaaR V bRà
T NSVP b NgVR aR OV N R QV aV bn
R`R aN R `V a V `VP aVPV3 R
9baV VN
QRSV VgV R bRàV R R T ` Qb N aR
R SN`V QR R``VcR
8
8
"7 )1 ( ) N V
GV a V `VP aVPV N PN aN QR N cVaN PUR N R`R aN

V QVàb O `PUVg NSSRaaVc OV N R
A R V `V a V `VP aVPV ``
L R``R R R`R aV V N``R gN QV
`V a V NSSRaaV
L
9baV VN
L
8
L
8
"8 ,N V
:VTb N ) ; NSVPV QV cVaN PUR R`R VSVPN V bNaa aV V QV QVàb O OV N R "5%8 "Q2
QR R``V R VRcR3 82 QR R``V R T NcR3 2V N VN3 A2 N VN
0L C M E? ? G AE I
7 PNV N FVP cR V ` RQN R a NaaNa

P `b P N gN V N ( T'QVR
A
`
JVNTTV V AN PP
GN Q
R`P
T V aaR
9baV VN
7VP aV VN
8 VaV
5 aVQR R``VcV
8 8R R``V R V N PN N NPPNQR VP
)/ )0 )1 ( ) 5 V
SVTb N ; NSVP QV cVaN V PbV V NgVR aR UN N aNa V SNaa V `PNaR N aV N Pb V a NaaN R aV PUVNcR R
SNaaV "Q2 QR R``V R VRcR3 82 QR R``V R T NcR3 2V N VN3 A2 N VN
% IaV VggN Q N NcNT N ` VRTUR R NV R O V QR T b P R `V SN b

QVNT N N QV cVaN "cRQV )()
% DR V VgVN R N S V R R`R V QV N VPNgV R QV bRàN aRP VPN ` VRTUR R
V N V bNaa aV V QV QVàb OV OV N V "aV PVP aV VN R QVàb O
`PUVg NSSRaaVc OV N R RcVQR gVN Q PUVN N R aR R QVSSR R gR a N R
N R`R aN Q V T NSVPN R aR ":VTb N )5%8
% GbPPR``VcN R aR PV SN R b R`R V QV QVNT N N QV cVaN PUR
V cR aR R P NVba QRV R O V QR T b GbTTR V N R V PVQR gR
"R V` QV a VTTR P `RTbR gR a NaaN R aV `bOVaR QN NgVR aR cV abN R PUR
N c aN `` `R cV R N cR VSVPN R SV N PUR b a V NgVR aV UN
P R` V P aR baV QR R `R``V V RPRQR aV ":VTb N
% GbPPR``VcN R aR R`N V R R T V R`R V PUR NOOVN N RTNa N N
Q Pb R aNgV R NgVR aV àR``V UN V P Va QV ` VRTN R PVn PUR cRQ
R R PN aR QV cVaN PUR NOOVN S Va i V aR R``N aR PUR bRàV R`R V
V P bQN b N VN TN N QV PN`V D VN bN a `RTbR2
p 9`R V )2 ;V cN R NgVR aR PUR UN N `bN V N VPNQbaN k TR R N R aR
N VNPN R N`` PVNaN N P `b QV ` àN gR "N P R P PNV N EbN Q V VgVN V
a NaaN R a `R gN V aR R RV P `b QV ` àN gR a ``VPUR P aV bN N
` SS V R QV VPNQbaR SV R Rc bgV R `V àNOV VggN bN Q ` RaaR QV P `b N R
` àN gR a ``VPUR N PUR `R PPN`V N R aR bn ` SS V R QV QR R``V R
V N VN
p 9`R V 2 DNgVR aR PUR k àNa a NaaNa R QVcR `V N VP Rb V N R R UN
VPRcba ` N aVQR R``VcV EbRà T V SN R `V N QN R V OVPVP RaaN N VQN R aR
' 6 A DD GI ? M E?
N PUR `R cVR R QN Q aa R` bN Q k QR R`` EbN Q N NgVR aR

cR T R`P VaaV àNOV VggNa V QR b R N `bN Rc bgV R `V àNOV VggN
B N R aR R`R aN b R V` QV QR R``Vc N BNaN R RQ k TV V `
T V RàNaR
p 9`R V 2 DNgVR aR P V R bVc PNOV R Rc bgV R QR QVàb O OV N R QV
aV PUR R`R aN `V a V `VP aVPV R R `bR SN`V QR R``VcR R `V àNOV VggN
Q b NQRTbNa a NaaN R a
p 9`R V ,2 ;V cN R NgVR aR PUR k àNa VP cR Na Vo c aR Q
NcR V aR aa V a NaaN R a R R`R aN Q b R V` QV N VNPN R R
b R V` QV QR R``Vc P aR aNaVc QV `bVPVQV 8 b b T
VP cR V NgVR aR P R QR N RPR``Vaj QV `RTbV R R Pb R N PUR
`R UN TVj R ` V Nc R N Pb V N VPV
p 9`R V -2 DNgVR aR P R` QV V ccV` QR QVàb O VP cR Na R
N VN `VP aVPN 8 NcR VPRcba Pb R RQVPUR V N R RbaV VP R
QVcR `V N V N PUR `R PPN`V N R aR R`R aN V N VN Q R V Q
QV R`N V V PbV Q VcN PUV``V
p 9`R V .2 DNgVR aR V PbV abaaR R VPNQbaR ` N`` PVNaR N a VTTR
`VP ` PVN V 8 NcR a cNa b NTNgg V VgVN N R`R aN R `V a V
N VNPN V R Q N aR QV `bN NQ R R`R aN V N VN a R
R`V Q N T NcVQN gN UN `V a V QR R``VcV
% D ``VN `PRT VR R QV baV VggN R ` a R QV bRàV R`R V R N`PVN RNa Va R R
b N a N `RQbaN VPUl bRà R`R PVgV k a N RggNa QNV à V NgVR aV
G R`` V SNaaV b`N b PN` cV abN R R R` V R R R N `VR R bRà QV ` Va
VPUVRQR a aR
% A aR QR R Q N QR V P b`R R N Q Pb R aNgV R QR N `RàN `R``V R
`N ROOR TVj N N `R Qb N aR R à R ` VRTNgV V QR R PN aR QV cVaN
7 RaVN P b bR R V S NgV VP b N O RcR aNOR N QR N Qb NaN
QV PV PN ( V
% 7UVRQR R NV NgVR aV PUR c N SN R b QVNT N N QV cVaN QR V
PN` QV b PN` V cR aNa "`V N V j P `m N aN N N R`R aNgV R QR
V PN` V N VR N PN bSSNaN 7UV QRPVQR QV RQVTR R N VN PN aN QV
cVaN bn SN `V NVbaN R QN RPRQR aV RSR aV R`P VgV V RP RaN R R
V S NgV VP bR R S VaR QN b N R ` N QV SVQbPVN
% 8 OOVN NccR aV R V à V NgVR aV PUR P à bV R N VN PN aN QR N cVaN k b V aR `
Nc R aVc PUR V VPN V V R`P N R a QV P `R QR N``Na V Q PUR V
0L C M E? ? G AE I
PUVRQV QV NOON Q N V RQVNaN R aR `R V VgVN N `R aV `V N QV`NTV

R QV QN R ab Vaj QV P RaN V b N `R``V R V QVcVQbN R P V
aR N RbaN
% 8 V TV QV Q N QR P `RT VN V NaR VN R QR NgVR aR V QbR
P VaV N PN`N R P P bQVN N `R``V R
. EI AC C
% iV aN aR PUR V NgVR aV V aR RaV R RN R aR N PN aN QR N cVaN

P R b aR aNaVc VQbgV VàN QV VN``b R R R cVaR RN aj V P `m P R
àVN N R`R aN Q T NSVPN R aR V QRP ` QV b QVàb O QV PbV
` SS N cVaN PUR ccVN R aR k a Vo P R``N
% EbN Q ` VRTUVN V cN V ` aa aV V QV QVàb O OV N R k
P `VT VNOV R QN R V R``V R PUR b ` aa aV `VN Vo T NcR QV
b N a % a N R S `R R N PVP aV VN PUR `N ROOR R T NcR
VPUl V bRà PN` N Pb V NgVR aV `` `c TR R V b QV
b PUR k P `m N Na PUR ` R`` aN N b N `PN `N
NQR R gN3 N àR`` aR N a V NQ aaN N VQN R aR V Q
QV`SNaaVàN V b QV q NgVR aR P R`` r RN aj V T NQ QV
P R``Vaj QV b PN` QV R QR QN cN VNOV V bN V N V` àN NV
SN NPV R P OVQVaj "`VN `VPUVNa VPUR PUR QV N``R NOb` QV
` àN gR V QVàb OV QV R ` N Vaj NQR R gN3 V a R k PUVN
PUR V QVàb O OV N R QV aV `VN b N S N NaaR bNaN QR aV
R PUl `R k cR PUR T V R V` QV ` TR R N R aR R T NcV R
aV NQ V aRT
% IaV VggR R T V R`R V QR R PN aR QV cVaN cV abN V R Vo QV b N `RQbaN
R PbV Q OOVN P `VT VN R NV NgVR aV QV aN R N Q Pb R aNgV R
R R `RQbaR `bPPR``VcR
% T NSVPV cV abN V `` R``R R baV VggNaV R P PR a N `V `b QRaR V NaV b aV PUR
QRc R``R R R SNaVggNaV R`R V ) `R cV j N ` aa V RN R N`` PVNgV Ra NV
P `b QV ` àN gR a ``VPUR R R VPNQbaR R V SNaa PUR RcVaN R V P PR V R a QV
` àN gR a ``VPUR k b N N aR aN a V aN aR QR a NaaN R a bN a RQ TUR
àR``R R`R V bn R``R R b`Na R V `VàR R `b SNaa PUR V N VN k5 PUR
N aR QR QVàb O OV N R R PUR a NaaN k b T NcR R R `VN `R k
6 A DD GI ? M E?
P `RTbR gN QV b N QVNT `V R NaN `R k Q cba N SNaa PUR V NgVR aR

P `VQR N b O R N FN R`R aR R N PUR V aR N QR N QN R a
àNTV N R N`` PVNa NV PN OVN R aV QR N bPR ` N R p R N` RaaV ` PVN V P R
V BNaN R RàNaR R`R V bn R``R R baV R R VP QN R N NgVR aR PUR
R bN a P R`` ``N R``R R b PN` QN b a QV cVàN a N`cR `N R k
``VOV R aaR R R b N àNOV VggNgV R N b T aR V R 5 P a N V P V 7N` ,
` aa V RR R RP VPNgV V PUR `` R``R R N`` PVNaR N QVàb O `R V
NgVR aR k RT VTR aR R `b a NaaN R a BR 7N` - ``R cR R QN b Na
PUR N PUR `R V VgV QR QVàb O bn R``R R NOONàN gN ` RaaNP N R
`VT VSVPN RPR``N VN R aR PUR Rc bgV R `N j `R R R aN a R
b`R R R V `VàR R `b V aN gN QR N RT N Vaj QR ` BR 7N` .
V `VàR R `b b QRV SNaa V `PNaR N aV ` aa V RN Q RN P N b N c aN N
QVSSR R gN V` Raa N R PNb`R GR cV j N PUR R V a Qb R V P PRaa QV
QR R``V R à N ab pR N VN p PUR ` VRTUR j NV à V NgVR aV
` aa V RN Q PUR V N a bn NTV R P R SNaa R `PNaR N aR OV TVP "N PNb`N
QV V ccV`V PN OVN R aV NV Vbaa à PUR `VP TVP "P R P RQR N
NTTV N aR QRV à V NgVR aV
% EbN Q Nc VN P V T NSVPV QR N cVaN `VN cV abN V PUR ``VN b`N V R
` aa V RN R b cN R aR N QVSSR R gN a N PNb`N R SNaa V `PNaR N aV "cRQV GR``V R
/ PUVRQR Q NV NgVR aV `R bRà bR RcR a UN PNb`Na aN R QR R``V R
I`R R R` R``N R aR V cR O qPNb`Rr R QVàV TbR QN qa VTTR r R ` R VN PUR
V NgVR aV `V R QN P a PUR b RcR a c PN NV b N SN`R N ` R`` N
V R`PN
4 ? C? G M ?E ?
QVàb OV OV N V `V N VSRàN V N QRV QVàb OV b V N V "QR R``V V

`R gN R V` QV QV RbS VN 8V ` Va R R T R N V N c aN V N QRV (
N V RQ k a V ` Va PUR V V R V` QV NccR TN Q V -( N V V
R V` QV bn R``R R `VN N VNPN R PUR QR R``Vc Và N Qb NaN
QR R V` QV k cN VNOV R N PUR `R k Vbaa à P àN aR R T V NgVR aR
GR gN a NaaN R a Rc bgV R Nab N R QV b R V` QV `V b TN QN PUR
`RaaV N R N QVcR `V R`V NP V a NaaN R a k ``VOV R NPP PVN R N Qb NaN V
Q PUR `V aV b VT V N R a % `RaaV N R Q V VgV QR a NaaN R a R
PN` QRT V R V` QV QR R``VcV R bN PUR TV Q V PN` QV R V` QV N VNPN V N
``VOV Vaj PUR b R V` QV V VgV k a Vo ON``N `R V SV R
0L C M E? ? G AE I
R ` N PUR ` SS R QR QVàb O N``b R P RaaN R aR V SN NP GR V VgVN N P N

R V` QV `N j a R T NcR Nc j R P `RTbR gR R Qb R j R b
R V Q QV aR Vo O RcR D `RTbV R V a NaaN R a `VT VSVPN VQb R V V`PUV QV
`bOV R b PN OVN R a V RQVNa cR ` b R V` QV QV `RT P a N V NQ
R`R V QN N N VN N N QR R``V R
8 V V R V` QV " N VNPN R QR R``Vc Và `` N``N R
N V `R gN PUR V NgVR aR NccR aN N Pb `V a "RbaV VP N OV` T N aR R
P a PUR V QVàb O OV N R k b NQVàb O VP R aRV PUR `VT VSVPN PUR aV
QV P PUR R ` SS `V R`R aR N P Sbab V R V` QV EbRà
QRcR ` NcR aN PV R PUl N ``VOV Vaj QV P a N R R VPNQbaR k R R à R
N V RQ UN V aN gN QVQ V a NaaN R a SN NP TVP R`P Vaa `R gN
` aa cN baN R NSSNaa N V RcN gN QV N à N N aRPV NgV R N bRà PR``
RcVaN R R VPNQbaR " bV QV k S QN R aN R NcR R V S NgV V `b QVàb O
VPUl V bRà Q `V aaVR R b VT V P a `R `b QVàb O
àR`` N R `bV `b V RSSRaaV
5 Pb V RSSRaaV P `RTbR gR QR QVàb O P `Và R SNaa PUR ``
R``R R V S bR gNaV cN V N` RaaV QR N cVaN QR N R ` N P RV Na V V V SVT V T V
N VPV V Nc
5 PUR `R N NTTV N aR QR R R ` R PUR ` SS QV QVàb O OV N R Va NN N
a aN R N Vaj RV R V QV a N T V R V` QV N Pb V " (% ( P aV bN N à N R
R` `NOV Vaj V àNOV Vaj NSSRaaVcN R QVSSVP aj V aR R ` NV Nc NaVcR 5 P Nb N
c aN V `VàR R `b SNaa PUR `VN b P Raa a NaaN R a SN NP TVP `VN b NVba
`VP aR N VP ` S QN R aN V R V V VggN R R `R bR R
; V R V` QV N VNPN V QV ` Va V VgVN V ccV`N R aR P b N VQ Nb R a QRV
`V a V R N P QV PUV TV V G R`` P NV Q b bN PUR aV QV à R``
`VP ` PVN R Qb N QN PUR `RaaV N R N QVcR `V R`V R V TR R N R ` Vo O RcV R
aR V N Vo O b`PN R aR V` Raa NT V R V` QV QR R``VcV aV PN`V b R V` QV
QR R``Vc RPRQR `RTbR V RQVNaN R aR b R V` QV N VNPN R `R gN b R V Q
V aR RQV QV RbaV VN AN bR PUR Vo ` R`` NPPNQR k PUR Q b R V` QV
N VNPN R N R ` NR a NV b R V Q qON`` r PUR bn R``R R P Sb` P b
R V` QV QR R``Vc EbRà bNQ k PN NaaR VggNa QN N NaVN N PN gN QV R R TVN
VQ aaN NaaR gV R P PR a NgV R R' R VN V R ` VN Nb R a QR N RaVa RPP
EbRà k b R V Q V PbV b N R ` N k QV`S VPN R bRàN P QVgV R cN P ONaabaN
Nb R aN Q V VcR QV NaaVcVaj R N``N R a aR N Raa N a V R aV bRàN
SN`R Qb N a Vo N b T i RT V b`N R V RQVNaN R aR N aVQR R``VcV VPUl
P k V V`PUV QV `P R `N R b cN R aR V NgVR aR
6 A DD GI ? M E?
cR ` b N SN`R N VNPN R bRàN SN`R QV QV`S VN V NgVR aR UN b N `R `NgV R QV

N R``R R R `R `V QV P N R PVn PUR UN SNaa Qb N aR R V` QV N VNPN R
; V R V` QV VàV `` R R TR R Q b R V` QV N VNPN R b R V` QV QR R``Vc
QR N Qb NaN P R`N a N PUR `RaaV N R R QVcR `V R`V R aN R N b R V Q P PUV
R``b `V a b R `` Rc cR R cR ` b R V` QV QR R``Vc Rc bgV R QV b
R V` QV Và cR ` b R V` QV N VNPN R k a R S R bR aR
; V R V` QV V N VNPN V V VgVN V ccV`N R aR P b N VQ Nb R a QRV
`V a V V ) TV V 8V ` Va Qb N QN PUR `RaaV N R N QVcR `V R`V N` Vo
O RcV R UN b N SV R Vo V ccV`N V` Raa NT V R V` QV QR R``VcV A aR c aR b
R V` QV V N VNPN R bn R``R R RPRQba `RTbVa QN b R V` QV QR R``Vc ;V
àbQV R`VàR aV `bTTR V`P PUR V -%)- QR R R ` RP V N VN SV V j P b
R V` QV N VNPN R
7V ` V QVPNgV V PUR V PN OVN R aV R Va ` %cRT VN P R bR V
Qb N aR V cVNTTV N VcNgV R QR ` `` RPV VaN R R`NPR ON R
R V` QV N VNPN V VàV V N VNPN V GR V cRPR V b R V` QV P NV
`V a V `VP aVPV k a ONOV R PUR VN NVN RT V R V` QV `bPPR``VcV
; V R V` QV QR R``VcV aR Q N `cV b N `V R N P QV TV V `RaaV N R

N QV ` Va b R V` QV a NaaNa Qb N . R`V Vo EbN`V `R RPkb N
P RaN R V``V R QRV `V a V R NaaVcVaj Va N NR
8 T V b cN VPNQbaN N R ` N P VaN QVcR aN Vo cb R NOV R
`b`PRaaVOV R QV `bOV R b cV `P R `V PV k Vo R V` QV ` R V R aN
Vo k ONOV R PUR `bOV`PN `bPPR``VcR VPNQbaR3 V a R V aR cN QV
aR a N b R V` QV R V `bPPR``Vc `V NPP PVN R N Qb NaN
QR R V` QV Nb R aN
7VP N VQ PUR P `VàR R R`R aN R Vo QV , R V` QV N N P V`PR V
)(%)- QRV NgVR aV OV N V V N Pb R SN`V QR N cVaN EbRàN k b N SN`R V PbV
Rc bgV R QR QVàb O RTTV N N bRà RTTV N R a k RcR `VOV R C N
`N VN PUR RSSVPNPVN QR VaV V bRàV PN`V k P `m R RcNaN N PV `
N aR NaVcR P R PN ON NgR V N NPVQ cN VP N a VTV N ePN ONgR V N
PUR ` N PUR àNOV VggNa V QR b R b R ``VN NTTVb TR R N
a NaaN R a b aV VP N aV `VP aVP QV N aR V R a P R N gN V N R
R`R V 8 N a N N aR PV ` V QVPNgV V PUR V R aV VQV` "Sb gV N R a
PN R aR QR N aV VQR ``N `c TR R b b R N RQV` `VgV R N PVP N VQ
EbRà k V aVc R PbV V P a V RcR aVcV
0L C M E? ? G AE I
` SNaaV ; V N aVQR R``VcV `` N PUR NTV R P R SNaa V `PNaR N aV QR PVP

N VQ bV QV QRc R``R R RcVaNaV T V c aN PUR PV ` `V a V QR R``VcV
N PNaV T NcV PN` QV àNa QV`S VP k RPR``N V PR PN R QV N``b R R N Q `R
NQRTbNaN QV àNOV VggNa R QR b R R NQ aaN R V`b R P aN R aN V2
V` N `V b`PV R R V P a N `V P T V N VPV NQR VR R NT V V RT V QV àbQV R' QV
Nc V N RT V k Q V R R b R V Q QV aR V VaNa N Qb N aR
V TV RPP
GV PN P N PUR V a R bN aV QRV NgVR aV VP cR NaV R N VN N N SV R `N N
VP cR NaV R b b c R V` QV RcR gV R QR R VPNQbaRà NaRTVN
P `VàR aR R N``RP QN R V a NaaN R a R P `PR R RT V V QVàb O
aR j V PN` QV RPVQVcN NQ b N V R V aR `Vaj R bV QV NQ b N VQbgV R
QR N ``VOV Vaj QV V ` RQN VggNgV R QV R `l Vbaa à QV R aR
. ? C D GG ?CC L
7UVN VN VSR%PUN a` N N R`R aNgV R T NSVPN QRV cN V R V` QV cV``baV QNV

NgVR aV OV N V DNQ RTTVN R N aRP VPN R RN VggN R V aR N QR N cVaN k
R NaVcN R aR `R VPR R a baV R VPUl P `R aV j QV N RggN R P b N
PR aN ` RaaVcN Rc bgV R QR QVàb O V `b V SNaa V `PNaR N aV R `R NQ
R`R V PV ` R V QV QR N V PbV N ONOV Vaj QV NTTV R k N VPNQbaN "R`
V NcR N BNaN R R`N V SV N V RPP
DR R N N R N VN PN aN QV cVaN k RPR``N V P VR R V `RTbR aV N``V2
% 8V`RT N `b PN aN b N H P N N aR Vo b TN V Vgg aN R PUR N R`R aN V

aR RP b N ON N Vo P aN V cR aVPN R PUR N R`R aN V ab àNa Q N V 2
N VN "A V N VN " RbaV VN "9 VRcR QR R``V R "Q R T NcR QR R``V R
"8 DR bN a VTbN QN V R V Q QV aR `N ROOR P `VT VNOV R PUR V ab
QVNT N N QV cVaN P Nb R V Q QV aR V VaNa ``VOV R PUR Q c ROOR R``R R
a V RcN aR R V NgVR aR D V N QV V VgVN R N P VN P V ab V QNaV N` Raa
QR T NSVP QRcR R``R R `V V R N bR QR N :VTb N
% :Naa PVn V VgVN N R`R aN R T NSVPN R aR T V R V` QV V ON`R N N
V aR `Vaj R Qb NaN I N Pb cN cR ` N a V QVPUR j V N VN "`R
NTTVb TR N VN "`R NTTVb TR A 3 N àR`` Q b N Pb cN
QV`PR QR aR V QVPUR j QR R``V R VRcR "Q QR R``V R Vo T NcR "8
N `R N NgV R a N R V RR V QVPUR j N Qb NaN
6 A DD GI ? M E?
9baV VN
8
)- ). )/ )0 )1 ( ) N V
:VTb N 5``V PUR R`R aN V aR R b R V b QVNT N N QV cVaN
FVP cR V ` RQN R Pb NaN P bRaVN V N R VaV

A
7 S VaaV P V VRV N VPV `VPUVNa N
R`P VcR QV b c N bRaVN V N
V
P bN
9baV VN
` Raa QV R QR R SN NPV
8
5 aVQR R``VcV
8
5 V AN g 5 V R ANTTV ;VbT bT V 5T à GRaaR O R
:VTb N , 9`R V QV N aNgV V QN SN R R aR N QR N cVaN P R`V ``VOV V SNaa V `PNaR N aV QV b

R V` QV P `RTbR gR a NaaN R a RPP EbRà T NSVP P V` QR j P P RaN R aR N PN` QV b N
TV cN R Q N QV N V PUR N N R aR R aR UN Ncba V V R V` QV QR R``Vc Q NcR aa P b
SVQN gNa GR O N PUR a NaaNaN P b N aVQR R``Vc NOOVN Ncba b R V` QV N VNPN R PUR UN VPUVRà V
VP cR V ` RQN R N NgVR aR k àNaN NPPRaaNOV R aR OR R RV R`V QV TVbT R bT V SV N bN Q UN
QRPV` QV V aR R R N``b gV R QR SN NP R UN VP V PVNa N `N V R V PUR UN aNaN N b P S Vaa
V aN aR P V `b V N VPV 8 NcR P `b aNa `VPUVNa N UN V R` N R QR R bRaVN V N R VaV R UN
V VgVNa N VT V N R R aN R aR
% DR T V R V` QV cN V QVPNa `R P k àNa b SNaa R PUR bn NcR NTVa QN SNaa R

`PNaR N aR " aab N P V N a R PN OV QV Nc b cVNTTV N aR QV b N
R ` N PN N b b c SN NP bN V P `RTbR gR UN Ncba " VP cR R QVaN
Nc R bN R a NaaN R a k àNa RSSVPNPR JRQVN b b c R`R V QV
bRàV aV V QV V QVPNgV VR N V aR RaNgV R R N :VTb N ,
0L C M E? ? G AE I
. DG
D cN N QV`RT N R V T NSVP QR ab QVàb O GR RPR``N V b V VPUVRQR R

NVba QV N R aV N VPV b R baV VggN R R a R VP QN R QNaR RQ RcR aV
. DG
N N``b a àN N``b R Q b QRV `RTbR aV SN NPV2 PN O Na QV

VaV cN Na QV ` QV cN VQR N a VTV N ePN ONgR V N
PN ON NgR V N Rc aV eV N ` QVPN4 5 P `N R `V PUR `R cN 4 HV
P RN QV`NTV 4
9E
? ?EM D
AVT V N R NQR R gN N a NaaN R a QRcR R``R R b QRT V OVRaaVcV V PV N V QV

bN `VN`V V aR cR a `VP TVP RV QVàb OV OV N V VPUl V O R N QR N `PN `N
NQR R gN k PR aN R aR V PN QV R QR N `PN `N Rc bgV R QV aV QRV à V NgVR aV
O R N k T NcR `R `V P `VQR N PUR NaVPN R aR abaaV V NgVR aV OV N V R `N
`R VN R aR N R b N c aN R N cVaN QV NOON Q N R R Pb R R k NggN QNa
NSSR N R PUR Vo QR N Raj QRV NgVR aV ` RaaN QV N``b R R R Pb R R`P VaaR `R gN
V QVPNgV R QR V `VPUVNa N V P bQR Q N PUR Qb N aR V R V QV QV RbaV VN 8 N a N
N aR N ` ` R `V R QR a NaaN R a k N PNb`N Vo P b R QV RPVQVcN a N V NgVR aV
OV N V R V SNaaV V V`PUV QV ` RQN VggNgV R k bNaa c aR `b R V R a N V NgVR aV PUR
V` RaaN RT N R aR V a NaaN R a QV N aR V R a N aN Vaj
` RPVN R aR R `bVPVQV k N PUR NTTV R RV NgVR aV a NaaNaV EbRàR
P `VQR NgV V V `VR R NT V N aV aN``V QV `PN `N NQR R gN RTVà NaV R R NgV V
OV N V PV V T QV SN R b T N QR `S g R VT V N R NQR R gN N a NaaN R a
QRV à V NgVR aV EbRà `S g PV R QR ab QRQVPN R SV N `RaaR `R``V VN
bRà N T R a R à T N N
7 R `V cRQR QN ; NSVP ) bN Q `V N N QV `PN `N NQR R gN PV `V VSR V`PR
` N NgVR aR PUR N``b R V SN NP V RN QV N``V N ``VN
NSSR N R PUR R `PN `N NQR R gN V aR QVN V PN NPVaj QR NgVR aR QV `RTbV R
N Pb R abaaR R Và bgV VS VaR QN `b `VPUVNa N R `VP T V P b`N N
R`P VgV R QV SN NPV R NTRc NgV R QV P aN R aV NOVabQV V PUR
b c N `N baR
8VcR `V Nba V UN QR`P Vaa PUR V aR bgV RV ccV`N QR N``b gV R QV
VaV V QbPR R`VàR gN N bRà SN NP V NgVR aV PUR V VgVN R aR V` Q N
a NaaN R a N N bRàV RkN P NP a cR `N GR `V P SR N bRà
SR R QV `cV b QR N RS NaaN VRaj `V a ROOR N N R QV P `RTbR gR
NccR `R Qb Rc V QR N ` ` R `V R QR a NaaN R a N QV j QR RcVQR aR Nb R a
QR V`PUV QV RPVQVcN R QR b R QV VP cR V
? ?EM D
1 8G I I ? ?EM C D?E
) 5`` baN `PN `N NQR R gN 7V `V VSR V`PR N N P RaN RT VTR gN QR NgVR aR R

`RTbV R R V QVPNgV V QR aR N VàN R` `NOV R N VSVba QV cV`VaN R V aR N RbaN
D ONOV R aR `V a NaaN QR N S N QV `PN `N NQR R gN R àbQVNaN R `bN
àR``N Nab N2 V NgVR aR PUR N`` baN R aR N``b R V SN NP N N R aR `V
NaaR j b abN R aR N R cV`VaR T N NaR QN `VPUVNa N V PUR R QR
QVSSVPV R V S d%b R N cN baNgV R QR RN R V Naa QV bRàV PN`V GR `
N VPUVN Rà VaaVcN R aR V P VaR V QV N`` baN `PN `N NQR R gN NV NgVR aV PUR
VSVbaN V a NaaN R a NP aV bN N R`R aN `V NT V N b aN R aV P V
`VPUVNa N aaR R b N R PR abN R `b R V R N )( "7 Ra N ((( QV
NgVR aV OV N V PUR `V P aN V bRà QN N PUR bN Q ` àNOV V
5QR R gN N gVN R `R RaaVcN 5 Pb V NgVR aV VSVbaN `R RaaVcN R aR b PR a

aV QV a NaaN R a N b Na EbN Q P k b O R N QV N gVN R
P `N Rc RggN QR QVàb O "k V PN` QR NgVR aR PUR P RQR cR N R aR
N NP VPVaj R N N RPVQVcVaj QR V QVàb O OV N R N Pb V NgVR aV
T NV V `VPUVNa V QV Pb N V ` P N aVQR R``VcV Qb N aR T V
`P R `V V cRPR QV a NaaN R V QVàb O TVabQV N R aR 5 a V NgVR aV
NPPRaaN bN `VN`V aV QV a NaaN R a R N SN`R NPbaN P R`V T V
N aV `VP aVPV N VSVbaN V a NaaN R a SV NaaVP 8N N a N N aR PV
`N N P PUR NPPRaaN QV N``b R R V PN O Na QV VaV R PUl
P `VQR N bN P `N QV q Nab N Rr N `V VSVbaN QV N``b R R N a V SN NPV
NP `PR gN QR QVàb O R N Nb N QRT V RSSRaaV P NaR N V `
S QN R aN V R P R QR R bRà aV QV P aN R a NgVR aV
N gVN R aR P S V P àVabV`P b N cN VNOV R QV P Sb`V R V` Raa NV
aN``V QV % R` QR V bN `VN`V àbQV `b RSSVPNPVN QV b SN NP ;V
N` RaaV RTNaV N NQR R gN `` ` VRTN R R QVSSR R gR R`VàR aV a N
RSSVPNPVN QR VaV RT V àbQV P V VPV P a NaV R N `bN RSSVPNPVN R N NaVPN
P V VPN RT V àbQV Nab N VàVPV 5QR R gN V aR VaaR aR GR gN N Pb QbOOV
bRàN NQR R gN QV`P aV bN k N RT N a N V NgVR aV PUR N``b VaV
Vbaa à PUR RPPRgV R "ANW )111 A aV NgVR aV NOON Q N QR
abaa V a NaaN R a N R R N``b P R R`P Vaa NgVR aV
P NQR R gN V aR VaaR aR `V P PRQ R V QV cN VNOV V QV qSR VR QN
a NaaN R a r3 Qb N aR bRàV R V QV aN c aN b TUV V NgVR aR NOON Q N
V abaa V N aR abaaV N Pb V QRV SN NPV PUR T V ` àNaV R`P VaaV
NQQbPR Q S R bR aR R aR aVcNgV V R` VPVaR P R qc RV V `N V QN
' 6 A DD GI ? M E?
SN NP 5 Pb V QV bRàV NgVR aV V N N R `V N N`P QR R N NQR R gN

N``b R Q N aR Q `V QV àNOV VggNa V QR b R TV V V N PUR V VcR V `VR VPV cR TN
P a NaV P V V`PUV PUR PVn P aN
, 5QR`V R aN QVcN I NaaR a P b R QR`P Vaa QN ; QdV R
N V` ")11( 2 N Pb V NgVR aV à N V VgVN R R`VàR gN NQ
N RaaR R N RPR``Vaj QV VPRcR R b a NaaN R a R QRPVQ QV V VgVN R
N R QR R V SN NP R`P Vaa Q N Pb R VPNQbaR 7Vn ` VRTUR ROOR
N R NgV R a N N Qb NaN QR QVàb O R NQR R gN R`P VaaN QN N Pb V
Nba V "7 Ra N (((
- GPN `N NQR R gN aN QVcN 8 N V QV Ob N NQR R gN N Pb V NgVR aV
V VgVN NQ NOON Q N RV àNOV VggNa V QR b R `R gN b N NTV R
N N R aR EbRà SR R k àNa QR`P Vaa `VN P V VaV " N V` Ra N )1/1
PUR P T V N aVP cb `VcN aV "5QN ` R GP aa (((
. 5Ob` 7 a N VN R aR N N P RQR gN P b R `PN `N NQR R gN `VT VSVPN `
N``b R R R SN NPV QV bR V R`P VaaV N``b gV R QV Vo SN NPV k N PUR
b NS N Vbaa à P b R QV `PN `N NQR R gN a N V NgVR aV OV N V ` Naabaa
`R ` SS N PUR QV a ``VP QV R QR gN "KRV`` Ra N )110 QV b QVàb O QV
R ` N Vaj NOb` QV OR g QVNgR V R k ccVN R aR a QVSSb` "K Q` Ra
N )100 Nk` N b aN QR VPROR T2 cV ` PN`V QV NOb` QV N aVQR R``VcV
"8R V`VR )11( Rb RaaVPV "6bPX Rf )11) R R `V N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV "JVRaN Ra
N (() R b cV N aVP cb `VcN aV R`P VaaV P SV N Vaj QV àNOV VggNgV R
QR b R "7 Ra N (() i V aR R``N aR aN R PUR N Pb V NgVR aV
N``b Vo SN NPV QV bR V R`P VaaV N PNb`N QR N V NgVR gN QV
VT V N R "KRV`` Ra N )110
/ GPN `N NQR R gN P aN R aN R aR V R q`PN `N NQR R gNr `V VSR V`PR `
N NQR`V R SN NP TVPN "PUR P `VàR a N N a R V` RaaN R V aR V QV N``b gV R
R R V` RaaN R P RaaN R aR N bN aVaj V QVPNaN NP R QR N PUR N` RaaV
VTbN QN aV NaaRTTVN R a R V P aN R a QR NgVR aR Qb N aR R cV`VaR2 cV`VaR
S R Q N RQVP V S NgV V R aV R aV R `bSSVPVR aV `b PN` OORQR Q N R
Và bgV V QR RQVP `b N RT N Vaj QR R NOVabQV V QR ` RNa VP aN R aV
P `VT VNOV V PUR `` SNPV VaN R RbaUf VN P RV P `b QV N P Na R
` àN gR a ``VPUR 5 Pb V NgVR aV N``b P RaaN R aR V SN NPV R`P VaaV N
V` RaaN R V QVPNgV VP aN R aN V NTN V ``V QN b VQRN RPPR``VcN R aR
OV TVPN QR QVàb O `R VPR R aR R P cR VR gN3 N PUR bRà k
à RaaN R aR P R Na NQ b N S N QV N PN gN QV P `N Rc RggN QR QVàb O N
PNb`N QR NgVR aR
? ?EM D
k QV` à N `NP VSVPN R N aR QR N VN baV R R b QVàb O PUR

P `VQR N `bSSVPVR aR R aR T NcR R ` VRTUR ROOR R PUl V a NaaN R aV
P aN R aN V S PN VggNaV `b QVàb O `` VT V N R Rc bgV R QRV
NgVR aV OV N V P R`V bR V PUR N``b P RaaN R aR V a NaaN R a
SN NP TVP P R NOOVN V aNaV "7 Ra N (( N
8 N a N N aR QVcR `V Nba V UN ``R cNa aN``V QV aN Vaj V SR V Va NV

NgVR aV OV N V PUR N``b P RaaN R aR V a NaaN R a R`P Vaa
V` Raa NV NgVR aV OV N VP S V V PUR k V N aR ` VRTNa QN R VRaj
N aV%`bVPVQN VR QR VaV
6 II D G ?L? ? ? E I I ? ?EM
8NaN N V RcN gN P V VPN QR SNaa OV` T N SN R b `S g R V QVcVQbN R RP PR R aR V NgVR aR `PN `N R aR NQR R aR 7 R NPPNQR P
aN aR N a R PN NaaR VàVPUR P V VPUR N à VN R ` N R QV `PN `N NQR R gN P àVabV`PR ONOV R aR V VT V RQVaa R R V Sbab 8VcR `V
` V SNaa V N`` PVNaV N N `PN `N NQR R gN RV NgVR aV OV N V P R à Na R ; NSVP ) 5 `RP QN QRV cN V àbQV PVN`Pb SNaa R Nc j
Vo R R` R V bRà `R ` V QNaV bOO VPNaV ` NQ TTV N P NP a NQQVaa V 8N b Na V NgVR aV R`R aN ` aN RN R aR
QVcR `V aVcV R NOON Q N R R Pb R a N V bN V `V bn ` aa V RN R N RTNgV R QR QVàb O T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V V QV`NTV R V SNaa QV
Q cR N``b R R b `VP SN NP N N PN gN QV R V QV QV RbS VN ; V NaaRTTVN R aV RV P S aV QR QVàb O R R P cV gV V `b N
`N baR QV PVN`Pb NgVR aR TV PN b b a V RcN aR R R R TR R QV b N `PN `N NQR R gN2 ccVN R aR V NgVR aV OV N V PUR P RQ
SR N R aR QV aR P a N R QN ` V V V b R Nc N b T NQ QV NQR R gN RTTV R 5 P a N V NQR R gN k VT V R RV
NgVR aV PUR ` V S NaV QR R aR gVN V P `RTbR gR RTNaVcR QR QVàb O R V bR V PUR ` V T NQ QV VQR aVSVPN R V OR RSVPV QR
a NaaN R a SN NP TVP GVN V NgVR aV NQR R aV PUR bR V NQR R aV P P QN R P `VQR N R N Nb N QR N QR R``V RP RV
aVc V PV N R R P aV bN R V a NaaN R a SN NP TVP N QV ` N QR N Nb N QR N N VN N PUR `R Nab N R aR PV ` QR R
RPPRgV V V NgVR aV OV N V PUR P RQ SR N R aR QV aR P a N RV V b R QN ` V Nc N b T NQ QV NQR R gN RTTV R 5
P a N V NQR R gN k VT V R RV NgVR aV PUR ` V S NaV QR R aR gVN V P `RTbR gR RTNaVcR QR QVàb O R V bR V PUR ` V
T NQ QV VQR aVSVPN R V OR RSVPV QR a NaaN R a SN NP TVP GVN V NgVR aV NQR R aV PUR bR V NQR R aV P P QN R P `VQR N R N
Nb N QR N QR R``V RP RV aVc V PV N R R P aV bN R V a NaaN R a SN NP TVP N QV ` N QR N Nb N QR N N VN N PUR `R
Nab N R aR PV ` QR R RPPRgV V V NgVR aV OV N V PUR P RQ SR N R aR QV aR P a N RV V b R QN ` V Nc N b
T NQ QV NQR R gN RTTV R 5 P a N V NQR R gN k VT V R RV NgVR aV PUR ` V S NaV QR R aR gVN V P `RTbR gR RTNaVcR QR
QVàb O R V bR V PUR ` V T NQ QV VQR aVSVPN R V OR RSVPV QR a NaaN R a SN NP TVP GVN V NgVR aV NQR R aV PUR bR V NQR R aV
P P QN R P `VQR N R N Nb N QR N QR R``V RP RV aVc V PV N R R P aV bN R V a NaaN R a SN NP TVP N QV ` N
QR N Nb N QR N N VN N PUR `R Nab N R aR PV ` QR R RPPRgV V
àVT N ` PVN R PUR b a k N`` PVNa N QVàb O R aN R bn SN `m

PUR N Pb V NgVR aV NOON Q V V a NaaN R a R PUl `V cR T T N
6 A DD GI ? M E?
NQ N``b R R SN NPV ` R PPb NaV R N QV`V S NgV R RPP R bRà

R QR N OVR aR QR NgVR aR N aR S QN R aN R R P R`` RPPN V`
QR NQR`V R aR N RbaVPN GR O N PUR V V R QV P PUR PV P QN V
NgVR aR `VN PUVN N3 R R`R V NaaRTTVN R a QR NgVR aR RV P S aV QR
a NaaN R a O R V SN V VN V R V aR R ` NV `` P àVabV R b R P ` QV
`PN `N NQR R gN ` Naabaa V N OVR aV PUR QV R `l SS `PN ` `b a
N `PN `N NQR R gN k àNaN a NQVgV N R aR N`` PVNaN NV NgVR aV TV cN V N PUR
`R N Pb V Nba V ` àR T PUR Raj k V RcN aR ` RV `b V Rà R V V N a R
N R NQ R`PR gN R T V N gVN V `N N R P S V 5 a R cN VNOV V
QR T NSVPUR P R R``R R N`PUV R ` `Na `R O N R``R R P R NaR V
RaaR Nab N N N `PN `N NQR R gN N PUR `R PVn `V cR VSVPN P N NTTV N aR QR R
N NaaVR ` bR R `VPUVNa VPUR B P k NPP Q a N V VPR PNa V N VTbN Q
N NTTV N aR QRT V àbQV V RcN QVSSR R gR QV NQR R gN V ON`R N TR R R
N PUR `R àbQV Vo ` VQ a N bR V RN VggNaV SV NQ TTV `bV aVcV QR N `PN `N
NQR R gN UN V RcNa QVSSR R gR a N V `R``V V R Va N NOON Q QR a NaaN R a
RQ R `N ROOR Vo R `R NQ NOON Q N R V a NaaN R a R PUl N PN
V c aV QR RbS VN R ` V SNàVQVaR QN VQRN QV NcR R V b RP a Na QN
b NQ TN N RQ V N gN QR R Q R a N V NgVR aV OV N V QV aV R R RcNa
b R QV R V` QV QR R``VcV R R Q R `` V N aR ` VRTN R bRà
SR R 5 c aN T V b V V `N ROOR Vo R PPb NaV R R P `RTbR gR
` PVN V RQ RP VPUR QV T V R V` QV R PVn a ROOR R``R R Q cba N b
`c a QNT V b V V R N NTTV N aR QR R ` PVRaj N R N` RaaNaVcR Pb ab N V
N`` PVNaR N b N`PUV R R N SNaa PUR R ONOV Vaj QV R`R aN `V P
P aN R aV NTT R``VcV R QVà baaVcV k Vo N a RT V b V V
7 a N VN R aR N bN a aV `VPUVNa V a ROOR R `N R T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V

` b N QR R NTV V Vo V aN aV R NOON Q N R V a NaaN R a SNaaV R N
Vo N VN V QNTV R P Q aaN `bV aV V QRV NgVR aV RV P S aV QRV SN NPV T V RSSRaaV
P NaR N V ` àNaV P `VQR NaV ` P R V `RaaV aVc QV R PPb NgV R R
bN a VTbN QN V a NaaN R a SN NP TVP 5 PUR `R aV `VPUVNa V R `N PUR V
VaV `VN b QRV a NaaN R aV Vo S R bR aR R aR VaV NaV V `b V aN``V QV `PN `N NQR R gN
` V SR V V N bR V V aNaV R N a V SN NPV `VP a V "NQ R`R V N aVQR R``VcV
a VPVP VPV
5 PUR `R N Pb V àbQV a cN b N R NgV Ra N V RQVPNgV R R `PN `N
NQR R gN N a V SS QNaV PUR `b aN bRàN NSSR NgV R ; V RSSRaaV
P NaR N V `` V N aR ` VRTN R N aN R PR abN R QV `PN `N NQR R gN
? ?EM D
RTVà Na a N V NgVR aV a NaaNaV P Rb RaaVPV P N``VPV P R QR`P Vaa RV

NgVR aV `PUVg S R VPV N N NTTV N aR QRT V àbQV QV` VOV V RV
NgVR aV OV N V `V VSR V`PR N NgVR aV a NaaNaV P VaV R PbV QVcR aN
b TR aR RSSRaabN R àbQV `V V V V NgVR aV a NaaNaV P b cV SN NPV P V VPV
` Vo V P V V N VaR R R PUR N PNb`N V PV N R QR N `PN `N NQR R gN
`VN T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V R aR Q N` NccN baN V N PUR VT N Q
V V R QRV NgVR aV BR cN baN R V aN gN QV bRàV RSSRaaV
P NaR N V `VPUVNa N UN à VPN R aR Ncba N aR QR gN N R
NTTV R R SN`V `bT V RSSRaaV P NaR N V ` NaVPV P Ra R R Nb`RN
Nb R a QV R` R a R V NgVR aV ` Vo R PPb NaV R T V RSSRaaV
`VP TVPV P R N VNaaRggN R aVcN RSSRaa `b N P T VgV R
PN NPVaj N R`VPN A a ONOV R aR
i RPR``N V VT V N R N Ra Q TVN QRT V àbQV `bT V RSSRaaV P NaR N V RV NgVR aV
OV N V3 NQ R`R V N cN baNgV R QR N R`R gN R QR `VT VSVPNa QV b RcR abN R
QV`NTV QN SN NPV R PVN`Pb NgVR aR R N OVa QR R VR P cV gV V `b N
`N baR k àNaN SV N Vbaa à cN VNOV R R V RPV`N R QV R QR RPPR``VcN R aR QN R
cN VNOV V QRV NgVR aV àR``V "Raj R R ` N Vaj R N a R N gN N QV`NTV % bN P `N
PUR `R gN QbOOV UN a N PUR SN R P N P `N Rc RggN QR QVàb O SNaaV
R ` VRTN R N N PNaN NQR R gN N P N Vo V aN aR QRT V àR``V RSSRaaV P NaR N V
a ROOR R``R R V ` c NàV N QRT V RSSRaaV P NaR N V2 V NgVR aV `N ROOR V T NQ QV
a R N R RSSRaaV P NaR N V N PUR V V `R S ``R S aR R aR aVcNaV N PNb`N
QR N N PN gN QV b NQRTbNaN P R `V R QR N N NaaVN N QRPV`V R "V aR N
QV NQR V R N b SN NP P `VàR T `` Q R P `VQR N R OR RSVPV R V`PUV2 `R b
NgVR aR P `VQR N V QVàb O OV N RP Rb N N NaaVN QRcNàN aR R
aR gVN R aR RaN R bn ` NccN baN R RSSRaaV P NaR N V N N R aR R aR a R NOV V
P R QVN RN QR NaN a R R VRcR "N P a N V QR PN` QR N Na QV PN P PUR
a R N RSSRaaV P NaR N V a V aN aV R QV`Tbà `V R V N``V OR RSVPV 2 N
` NccVcR gN
N cN baNgV R QR N T NcVaj QV PVN`Pb RSSRaa P NaR N R k b N a N T R a
P R`` R PUl N NTTV N aR QR R `PN R R QRT V V cR aN V `bT V RSSRaaV P NaR N V `V
VSR V`P ` NT V N aV `VP aVPV 8V P `RTbR gN ` RPR``N VR `PN R `V V V PUR
V P bQN R R R aV R NaVcV N SV QV a R NOV Vaj NV b cV àNOV VggNa V QR b R
5aabN R aR T V àbQV R`VàR aV V P bQ N` RaaV `b N R`P VgV R PUR `
ccVN R aR V RcN aV R S d%b P R N P R``Vaj V P à V R P ` QV
` V Và NgV R RPP I aR V V àbQV Q c ROOR V P bQR R bRàV N` RaaV R
P a VObV R N QRaR V N R bN V UN Vo R` V NQR R gN
6 A DD GI ? M E?
b` QV ` àN gR k b N a SNaa R N`` PVNa N N `PN `N NQR R gN GR O N

N PUR PUVN PUR N P OVQVaj P V QVàb OV QV R ` N Vaj R ` RPVN R aR P V
QVàb O Và V VP `VN b RQVaa R a ` VQ QV `PN `N NQR R gN
N NTTV N aR QRT V àbQV à N PUR V b R QV VP cR V k Vo
N a R V NgVR aV P `PN `N P VN PR N PUR `R UN Ncba
b b R NTTV R QV R V` QV EbRà PV SN R `N R PUR p `R
P `VQR VN PUR Rc bgV R QRV OV N V P NQR R aV k RTTV R p
k aN a R PUl T V R V` QV ` Vo S R bR aV N R PUl ` Vo
T NcV R R Q RPR``N V V VP cR Vo ` R``
8V`Sb gV V P T VaVcR R QRSVPVa Rb `VP TVPV `` R``R R P R NaV
N NQR R gN aR N RbaVPN R bRàN k b N RN QV T N QR V aR R``R R àbQV Sbab V
2C
S N RN VN R aR V à V NgVR aV `b N N NaaVN R `b `b
a NaaN R a SN N aR QR N à N R` `NOV Vaj P V VPN 5aaV `R VPV P R
S V RV S NgV V `P VaaR ` aa S N QV b`P V VPP R T NSVR
`` NVbaN V N P R QR R RT V V QVàb O R bV QV SNPV VaN R V
a NaaN R a iV a R R` `NOV Vaj QR P V VP V S N R V NgVR aV `b PVn PUR
Q c ROOR N` RaaN `V QN b QRaR V Na a NaaN R a RcVaN Q PUR `V P RV
SN `R N` RaaNaVcR QV Pb N PUR b N c aN S bà NaR aN ` VaN R aR
N NOON Q QR a NaaN R a R `bV `b V P àV R OR RSVPV i V a R RPR``N V
V `RT N R N TRàV R V P VPNa P PRaa QV P VPVaj V S N V
QR V aN gN QR R NOVabQV V RT N V RPP R ` Naabaa N R aN V `bV V`PUV QV
b N `PN `N NQR R gN
N Sbab N P N `N QV b cV SN NPV P a R N gN a Vo NPPRaaNOV R
SV NaN RV SN NPV P N``VPV P R N aVQR R``VcV N aVP cb `VcN aV R
N aV `VP aVPV `N j `VPb N R aR a V aN aR R VT V N R NQR R gN
RT V N V Sbab V VPUl NVbaR j N V` RaaN R N aR N VN QV abaaV bRV NgVR aV N
PbV `PN `N NQR`V R k Q cba V PV N R aR N aV R QV RSSRaaV V QR`VQR NaV i
R` `NOV Vaj QR R NgVR QR SN NPRbaVPUR P R QR R N Q N QN QR
R PNa V à V NgVR aV R NQNaaN R V SN NPV p `VPb N R aR RSSVPNPV p N
b S Na PUR SNc V`PN NQR R gN
SV R k a V aN aR VQR aVSVPN R R aR V NgVR aR `PN `N R aR
P VN aR VPUl QV` VN QV QVcR `V RPPN V` V PUR `` NVbaN PV N VT V N R
NQR R gN N a NaaN R a
7?II E?
8 D?E 2 I C MM ?CC D ?
5 ? L
OVRaaVc QV bRàN `R``V RkV S N RV à V NgVR aV `bV cN V aV V QV

àNOV VggNa V QR b R R QVSSR R gR R V QVPNgV V ` RPVSVPUR V cN aNTTV
RQ RSSRaaV P NaR N V i a V aN aR VT N R bRà b aV N N aR VPUl V
NgVR aV a ROOR `R aV `V R`V V TV `R `V N N ` QRT V N` RaaV `VaVcV QR
a NaaN R a SN NP TVP OVRaaVc SV N R QV bRàN `R``V R R QR V aR N I Vaj
k VT V N R NQR R gN
6 ?
% 8 b P bV V VgVN R R S N R PUVRQR R NV c aN V QV R`R aN R R

VR PN aR QV cVaN bR R V cR aNaR QN i RcRQVOV R PUR b N
R`R aNgV RP R aNaN QV b QVNT N N QV cVaN VPUVRQN PV PN )- V baV
bV QV k P `VT VNOV R SN R b N``V QV QbR R`R aNgV V R `R``V R
% GbPPR``VcN R aR ``VN V VgVN R N QV`PbaR R N T R a QR N `R``V R HR R Q
P a PUR bRàN k N V N `RQbaN PUR QRQVPUVN N RQ TUR Q OOVN V N
V` QR R NQ b N `R VR QV Q N QR aV V PUR N Pb V NgVR aV UN RV P S aV
QRT V `VP SN NPV3 Q OOVN PUVN V R PUR T V `VP SN NPV P RN N``bRSNgV Rp
SNaaN RPPRgV R R R OR g QVNgR V R `R NQRTbNaN R aR baV VggNaR3 PUR
SN V NcNTTV QR PR cR QVà bTT N R aR3 PUR N NTTV N aR QV
` àV N aV3 PUR ` Q TUR q R R ` R QRO Vr3 R PUR V `P
kV R``b PN` bR QV ` àVabV R N c aj QV P PUR V R Q EbV QV
NSS aVN `bOVa V aR N RTTR QN R N PUR PV P QN T V `VP SN NPV
% 9 a N Q V `RQbaN V NgVR aV Nc ROOR P `RT Na V P VaV `bV
SN NPV àNOV VggNa V QR b R AR a R b QRV P %aR N RbaV TbVQN V
T b Qb N aR N R`R aNgV R QR R PN aR QR N cVaN Nc R `RT Na V
P VaV Vo V aN aV RV P VaV N PN`N QRV à V NgVR aV R SN R
6 A DD GI ? M E?
QV`PbaR R Qb N aR N `R``V R " N aR R Q `R R N V Na QRV

P R aV
% 8 OOVN V VgVN R QVàV TbR Q PUVN N R aR N P `N `R cR b SN NP
àNOV VggNa R QR b R RN P `N `R c b N aVQR R``Vc N aV N VNPN V R
R N aVP N R R SN`V `b R VRaj RcR aVcR QRT V àNOV VggN aV
% D ``VN P aV bN R N `R``V R PUVRQR Q bN aV QRV à V NgVR aV UN N``b a
b QRaR V Na àNOV VggNa R QR b RV bN `VN`V R a QR N cVaN R V
ON`R N PVn R N N R b N aNOR N QV S R bR gN N N NcNT N EbRà `R cV j NV R O V
QR T b R PN V R RSSRaaVcN R aR PUR abaaV V NgVR aV OV N V N``b bN PUR
aV QV àNOV VggNa R QR b R PUR V a NaaN R a P OV Na P QVcR `V
àNOV VggNa V QR b Rk a S R bR aR R PUR V NaVPN bRà a NaaN R a k
QVcR ` R T V NgVR aR V N a R N R k `b V`b N EbRàN R ` N VggNgV R
P a NQQVPR V Va N aV `VPUVNa VP `RP Q V bN R V P V VPV a NaaN V NgVR aV P R
b R V 5 V aR N RbaV bn R``R R baV R `N R R bN k àNOV VggNa R QR b R Vo
P b R R aR baV VggNa a N V R O V QV b QRaR V Na T b R bV QV NQNaaN R V
à N PPV N R R`VTR gR ` RPVSVPUR QRV R O V QR T b
% D ``VN `P VcR R N N NcNT N R R PUV QV RSSRaaV P NaR N V R QV`PbaR R N

S R bR gN R N RSSRaaVcN T NcVaj a R NQ N Pb V NPP TV R aV R R QR R bRàV
RSSRaaV P NaR N V Vo ` aNOV V "R` b PN OVN R a R N QVRaN R V NgVR aV PUR
` SS QV QVN RN PNb`NaN QN VaV i Rà R N R aR cN aNTTV ` N`PVN R PUR V
NgVR aV P QVcVQN àR``V V a bPPUV bV QV V aR N RbaN QRcR aR R `V QN N aR
R N QV`Pb``V R " R PUl V NgVR aR P `VQR R ROOR cR b R`R V a
NaVP cR VR aR QN bN Pb PUR NQ R`R V UN NV ` SSR a QV a R R
% GbPPR``VcN R aR R`R aR R V P aR ba QR NaR VN R QR N `R``V RR
V VgVR R b TV QV Q N QR R QV`Pb``V V
% 7 P bQR R N `R``V RP `RT N Q V NaR VN R RV P VaV R VP QN Q N
T b PUR V NgVR aV PUR QR`VQR N `` R`R aN R N PN aN QV cVaN
R N ``V N `R``V R
. EI AC C
% B k V S R bR aR PUR N Pb V QRV à V NgVR aV R `V PUR T V

`VPUVNa V NOOVN V aR R``R RP VP N R`P VcR R `VP SN NPV R PUR
b N N aR QR àV R QV R `V R QV R QN QN b R QV R`P VgV V
QV NaR PUR PRQN N R R``V V QR R PN`R SN NPRbaVPUR i
Rà R N R aR baV R QV`PbaR R bRàV N T R aV N R aN R aR R baV VggN R R`R V

P R bR QR PN O Na QV VaV b SN NP N PbV P R PVN VggNgV R k
N aVP N R aR RQQVaVgVN R R``b N NgVR QN N PNb`N QR `b ON`` Rgg
àN aR `VN b QRT V `VP a V Vo baV VggNaV Q TUR
% B N R aR V NgVR aV ` V aR R``NaV NT V N RQQ aV PUR PV P QN N
`P R aN QR R VRaj àNOV VggN aV QR b R QRV `N V QV VaV `P R aN PUR
V`N R N )1,1 R PUR `V QRcR N RQVP Nbà N VN U 7NQR
I V S NgV R Pb V `N R N aN R aR `VaVcN R VQb R àVT N k PUR N
R ` N PUR Sb NTTV R aR R` `NOV R QR N QVSSb`V R QR b` QR VaV
RV QVàb OV OV N V V QRSb a SR`` R QN R`R A TR ` GPU b NcRcN a N V
`b V QVcR `V ` TTRaaV NSSRaaV QN QVàb OV OV N V à RaaV SN V VN V 7 k b
N RQQ a `bV QVàb OV OV N V PUR QV à N PUR `ROOR R V `b a NaaN R a
`VN PR aN R aR QR N `bN à VN k b TN EbRàN k N à VN QR R Pb R
VPRcbaR QN :R QV N Q J R QV G NT N NSSRaa QN QVàb O OV N R" R
NTTV VV S NgV V cRQV 6VO V T NSVN R PUR ` àNaV ` aa àV N b N
T N QR cN VRaj QV aR N VR "HNOR N 03 ``VN QV`PbaR R R R P R N aNOR N
Qb N aR N `RQbaN SNaa PUR V QVàb O `VN a N aVP V aR R``N V à V
NgVR aV R NaaV N N NaaR gV R R a RN àR`` aR SN `R aV R
S ab NaV aV QV R R `N R qP N `S ab N QV NcR R N N NaaVN V
bRà Q ` àNa S ab Na N N`PR R V b b T R V b aR V
PbV V QVàb O bn R``R R Pb Na
% I N QR R VQRR ÒNT VNaR PUR ` Vbaa à P b Va NV à V NgVR aV
OV N V k P RQR R PUR V QVàb O OV N R `VN b N N PN gN QV VaV R
`N TbR EbRà k b Va ccVN R aR SN ` N Q OOVN ` VRTN N abaaV
V à V NgVR aV R PUl k QVcR aNa Vbaa à N Ra N R R ` R PUR
` SS QV QVàb OV OV N V R N PUR a N V SR``V VàV ` RPVN VàV
% 8 OOVN P `R aV R NQ N Pb V QRV à V NgVR aV QV QVPUVN N `V N SNc R QV b PR a
N PPV N aVSN NP TVP VPUl bRàN `VgV R k NOONàN gN S R bR aR R N
` PVRaj3 R N NTTV N aR QRV PN`V V T b àR`` P VaVPN bRà aV QV `VgV RR
VcR QVPN V OR RSVPV QR N``b gV R QR SN NP SR``V VàN Q c ROOR
N``b R R b NaaRTTVN R a RPPR``VcN R aR OR VP ` RV P S aV QR NgVR aR PUR
SN bRàN QVPUVN NgV R N aV `VPUVNa VPN R PUl bRà NaaRTTVN R a a ROOR SN V
`R aV R R`P b`V QN T b Vbaa à PUR V P b`V " V P b`V RkV RN aj V à
V aR a R SNPV VaN R NOON Q QR N Pb N
% DR bN a VTbN QN V aR N QR N R`VàR gN N VaV V Q aaN QN V ccV`N V aR bgV R
QR N``b gV R QR SN NP ``VN QV`PbaR R RPV PN R aR P R `R V VaV
6 A DD GI ? M E?
8 ?CC H NaaN R aV cNaV R`P VaaV N GbN ANRàj :R N Q J

")/) p)/-1 QN `b RQVP R ` N R 8 5 Q Rb DV bR 5 bSNa
NaaR Q N`V N
GPV QV P P RN R V bN NV N
6 Q QV aN aN bTUR N R cVaR R cV R R
7 VàR V
Sb` QV SV V QV aVT V R PV VRTV
D cR R QV NQ R R N
:b N VN
6NT V QV aRàN
;R NaV N QV P N QV PR c R TV cN V cV RaaR QV
cV R N
8VRaN
GPV QV R V a V `P g RN
5 VPR
5T V VN
`VN b N VP Vbaa à V baaN aR PUR a ROOR QR bQR PV V Sbab `R SN VN

N
4 ? C? G M ?E ?
7UVN VN àNOV VggNa V QR b R V SN NPV TRaaNaV R N aR R R N àNOV Vaj

QR b R NgVR aV OV N V QRc N``b R R bRà aV QV SN NPV R abaaN N cVaN R
V `P k` bR QV RcVaN R PUR `V cR VSVPUV b cV R V` QV N N PUR
bR QV VQb R N T NcVaj R N Qb NaN QV b N V aRaVPN b cN VPNQbaN
H N T V àNOV VggNa V QR b R V SN NP NTTV R aR V QVPNa R V a NaaN R a
QV b QVàb O OV N Rq b r `R gN R``b N a aV QV P VPN gN k `VPb N R aR
VaV VaV UN b N S aR NgV R RcR aVcN ` Naabaa R bN a VTbN QN T V R V` QV
N VNPN V R NVbaN N PUR N VQb R V àNOV Vaj QR b R PUR P V`PR aV NgVR aV a N
T V R V` QV 8 N a N N aR Q OOVN ` aa V RN R N `bN baV Vaj V RcR V R V `bVPVQV 3
abaaNcVN V aR bgV RV ccV`N QV bRà SN NP bn SN RPV VaN R b N VPNQbaN
bV QV V aR bgV R % bN Q QRPV`N QN `VPUVNa N % Q c ROOR R``R R `R R
T NQbN R 5OON Q N R N Pb N V ccV`N R aR R `R gN `RTbV R R V QVPNgV V QR
`VPUVNa N bn R``R R N PNb`N QV b Sbab
R`VàR gN N SN NP 3 V N a R N R a ONOV R aR Sb gV R j bN Q
V R QR R V a NaaN R a
; V RSSRaaV P NaR N V Vo S R bR aV QR VaV ` aR R"` Naabaa R R V R
`RaaV N R QVN RN Nb R a QR N RPR``Vaj QV b V N R QV V TR V R V bVQV R
VaR gV R QV V bVQV DVo N V ` NP R R V QVàb OV TNà V aRàV N V
Rà QRV SN NPV b`NaV P R àNOV VggNa V QR b R` TR R N R aR
N aVP cb `VcN aV3 PV k SN NPV V QVPNaV R V a NaaN R a QR R V R``VN3 bRà
`VT VSVPN PUR V QVàb O OV N R `VN b QVàb O qcVPV r N R V R``VN
N PUR `R `` P QVcVQR R N Pb V RPPN V` V `VP OV TVPV H N T V
àNOV VggNa V QR b R N aVP cb `VcN aV baV VggNaV V V PV N V ` cN Na
PN ON NgR V N ePN ONgR V N 9 N a VTV N
cN Na k b SN NP RSSVPNPR R N aR R R RbaV VN R UN b N T N QR NgV R
N aV N VNPN R Dbn N PUR R``R R RSSVPNPR R a NaaN R a QR PVP N VQ V SN`V VàR
H N V `b V RSSRaaV P NaR N V V V PV N V ` Nb R a QV R` R Vo N N R aR V
PN OVN R a QR N à baab N QRV PN R V N PNQbaN QRV PN R V
I Na àNOV VggNa R QR b R a baV VggNa k N PN ON NgR V N PUR `V k
QV à NaN RSSVPNPR R RcR V R R VPNQbaR RV QVàb OV OV N V N PUR RV PN`V QV
PVP V N VQV i N PUR b Ob SN NP R a NaaN R V b `VcVaj TR R N R N
PN ON NgR V N k N`` PVNaN N RSSRaaV P NaR N V `VT VSVPNaVcV N PUR `R V N Pb V
PN`V bn PNb`N R O R V N N cVàN "QV VN cV`V RQ VN NSSNaVPN R a R
QVSSVP aj N b V N R PN`V RPPRgV NV c PN b NOON``N R a QRV VcR V QV ` QV
R `N TbR "V Na VR VN GR R R TR bRàN P VPNgV R `VPUVNa N QRcR
` ` R QR R V SN NP GV a NaaN `R gN QbOOV QV b SN NP a RSSVPNPR NP
aR V aR NgV VP N a V SN NPV R PbV `R V NgVR aV N``b QRc
`R RV S N RV V RQVP bN Q V RQVP R`P VcR b b c SN NP
I V aR NgV R QV PbV OV` T N `R R aR R R P a k bR N PUR `V QbPR R R
NgVR aV PUR N``b P a NPPRaaVcV NV" N R aR P `PVbaV P Rq N
V Nr R PUl N PN ON NgR V N VQbPR RSSVPNPVN QV bRàV SN NPV R bV QV N
aRgV RP a N T NcVQN gN k Vo P RaN ePN ONgR V N k b N S N
Rc baN QV PN ON NgR V N PUR `ROOR R NOOVN R RSSRaaV P NaR N V k N PUR
N`` PVNaN N V`PUV QV V Na VR VN "PN QRV VcR V QV ` QV R `N TbR
N N a VTV N k V SN NP Vo RSSVPNPR R N RcR gV R QRT V R V` QV QR R``VcV N
R RSSVPNPR R N RcR gV R QRT V R V` QV N VNPN V VàV RSSRaa V QR`VQR Na Vo
P b R QR N N a VTV N k N P N `N QV b N RNgV R N R TVPN `b N R R " NPPUVR ``R
PUR O bPVN aR P R R`N aR N R bgV R PbaN RN PUR R N NTTV N aR QRV PN`V
k T NcR R cVR R RcVaNaN `R N Q `R QR SN NP cVR R Nb R aNaN
' 6 A DD GI ? M E?
R aN R aR SV N NTTVb TR R N Q `R QR`VQR NaN GR R NPPUVR V O bS V P NV `b N bP `N
"NQ R`R V `b R NOO N Q OOVN P `b aN R V RQVNaN R aR b `VPUVNa N R PUl a ROOR
a NaaN `V QV b N P VPN gN Vo T NcR
I Na SN NP baV VggNa P R àNOV VggNa R QR b R N Rc aV eV N k

N aVP N R aR RSSVPNPR R a NaaN R a QRV PVP V N VQV R RV PN`V QV V R aV VQV`
I PR a N aV `VP aVP NaV VP "R` N gN V N bn R``R R a N VNa P R
SN NP QV N aR V R a ` Naabaa R RcR V R N N VN R NcR R ccV cN aNTTV
PUR `R V VgVN b N SN`R VàN V N VNPN R N VNPN R `N j RPR``N V QVSVPN R V
a NaaN R a R `N ROOR `bSSVPVR aR R Nb R aN R N Q `R QV N gN V N I QRV
V PV N V RSSRaaV P NaR N V QR N gN V N k Nb R a QV R`
: ab NaN R aR N `VP SN NP TVN k b N RN V P àN aR
T R`` RQ k RcRQVOV R PUR R R P Nb R aR j Rà
. DG '
N N``b a àN N``b R Q N aV N VNPN V "N R VQ P aVN V N

N gN V N V` R VQ R bRaVN V N gV N`VQ R 4 5 P `N R `V PUR
`R cN 4 HV P RN QV`NTV 4
7?II E?
8 D?E 22 D E D E C
5 ? L
OVRaaVc QR aaNcN `R``V R k bR QV S V RN T b V S NgV V NTTV NaR `b

a NaaN R a SN NP TVP QR R SN`V N VNPN V R V N VNPN V N SV R QV VT V N R
NQR R gN QR NgVR aR V bRàR SN`V V bN a ` VaN R aR PN R aR
6 ?
% 7 R QV P `bRa V VgVR R V T b P b N O RcR P cR `NgV RV S NR Q N bN R
PUVRQR R N "QbR c aN V QV R`R aN R b QVNT N N QV cVaN

% GbPPR``VcN R aR PUVRQR R NV à V NgVR aV `b b` QV cN V SN NPV
N aV N VNPN V "qEbN aV QV c V UN Q cba R QR R N gN V N4r qEbN aV UN
R` V` R VQ R4r RPP `b N V QVPNgV R "qFVP QV N PUR b a UN aV k
àNa R`P Vaa 4r q9 V V SN`R N VNPN R QR R``VcN4r R `b NQR R gN "qEbN aV QV
c V UN ` R`` QV R QR `R gN PUR V RQVP cR QVPR``R4r D ``VN
SN R b R R P QR R S R bR gR QV baV Vgg N N NcNT N P R NOOVN SNaa R N
`R``V R `bT V àNOV VggNa V QR b R
% 5 bRà b a ONOV R aR V NgVR aV UN TVj V a Q aa N T R a QRV
SN NPV N aV N VNPN V R QRV cN aNTTV R V P cR VR aV R ``VN V VgVN R N
R`R aN R abaa V NaR VN R 8V aN a V aN a V aR R R N à N ` VRTNgV R
R PUVRQR R NV NgVR aV bN V ` T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V QV b PR a SN NP `R UN
N``b a R R QR R P `m N à N R`R aNgV R Vo V aR NaaVcN
% GV N``N N b N SN`R QV Q N QR R QV`Pb``V RR Q NcR P `RT Na V
NaR VN R R V P VaV `V PUVbQR N `R``V R
. EI AC C
% i ab NTTV N R ` R`` RV S NgV V PUR QVN NV NgVR aV R

NaR VN R `P Vaa GN VN abaaV PUR b N QR R N RR QR N `VP SN NP TVN
6 A DD GI ? M E?
bR PUR k Vo NcN gNa QV RPR aR k bR QRV SN NPV N aV `VP aVPV'N aV N VNPN V

RQ k V aN aR aR R R V à V NgVR aV OR V S NaV `b abaaV V SN NPV PUR
aR gVN R aR a ROOR N``b R R P R`V bR V PUR àN V VgVN Q N R``R R
P R PVN VggNaV R PUR N PUR `R V b` R a NaaN R N N VN UN ` àNaV
N cNaV àN V VgVN Q NQ R``R R baV VggNaV QN P V VP GR NTTV VN R
à R V S NgV V V aR V NgVR aR bn QbOVaN R QR N cR VQVPVaj R QR N cN VQVaj
QV abaa V à N PPV
% SNaa PUR N NTTV N aR QRV SN NPV N aV N VNPN V `VN N aV `VP aVPV
N VN R aR baV VggNaV R a NaaN R a QR N `PUVg S R VN QV ` Va P S QR V
NgVR aV `b N Nab N QR V QVàb O R V SN Q N QN R SV N PUR b a V
QbR QVàb OV `VN QVàb OV TR R V EbRà b a QRcR R``R R PUVN Va Qb N aR
N à N ` VRTNgV R VP QN Q NV NgVR aV PUR N PUR `R V QbR QVàb OV
P QVcVQ N Pb V `V a V R N aR QR a NaaN R a SN NP TVP PVn
`VT VSVPN PUR `VN àR`` QVàb O
% I NQ N QN P b R QRV NgVR aV k 7 `N `bPPRQR `R a NaaVN N N VN4
EbN a bn Qb N R4 N à N V` àN QRcR R``R R SR N R QRPV`N R Q OOVN
` aa V RN R abaaV V aV V QV V`PUV N`` PVNaV N N N VN "QRaR V N R a QR N cVaN
Nc NaVcN ` PVN R NSSRaaVcN R NPPNQR VPN R Vo QRaR V N R a P T VaVc N b T
aR V R VP QN R PUR N Qb NaN QR ab QR R``Vc k TR R N R aR
gV NaV N V aR `Vaj QRV `V a V N VNPN V R ` aa V RN PUR N N VN k
qQVcR aR aRr ` RV `b V V V àNQV R R abaaV V NgVR aV
% D VPUl bRà k b QRT V OVRaaVcV QR à V aR cR a kS QN R aN R
R N aVP N R R SN`V `VN `bT V N` RaaV RcR aVcV "a N bRàV
NOON Q N R N Pb N SV QN V VgV `VN `b bR V aR N RbaVPV VN R aR
QRaaV EbRà QV ` Va Qj NV à V NgVR aV b N `R `NgV R QV VT V R
P a `b QVàb O
4 ? C? G M ?E ?
a NaaN R a QV b N SN`R N VNPN R V N VNPN R QV R QR ROOR a QN V aR `Vaj

QRV `V a V VQR aVSVPNgV R RP PRQV bRà aV QV `P R ` k V QV` R `NOV R R
RcVaN R PUR N `bN V aR `Vaj QVcR aV a S aR R QV P `RTbR gN R RcVaN R V VP cR
RQ RcVaN R b a NaaN R a N aVP N R aR NTT R``Vc P abaaV T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V PUR
R`` P aN àN aR V Vo RPR aV T R``V SN NP TVPV BR N NTTV N aR
QRV PN`V VQR aVSVPNgV R RP PR RcVaR j b b c R V` QV PUR a ROOR N aR N R
`R VN R aR N à N cVaN ; V R V` QV N VNPN V `` NcR R `bPPR``
8 D?E 22 D E D E C
a NaaNaV ` P `VP SN NPV R a R V aR cR a `VP TVP `N ROOR Vo

V QVPNa R RcR V R R SNPV VaN R VQR aVSVPNgV R RP PR 8V P `RTbR gN
UN `R ` PR PN R QV Pb N R N N VN P N `VP aR N VN T R``V R N
VPR PN `bT V `VP SN NPV UN R R`` QV Nb R aN R RSSVPNPVN QRV b cV
SN NPV N aV N VNPN V R QV VQb R T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V 9`Và QVcR `V aV V QV
SN NPV N aV N VNPN V R N Pb V QV R``V ` QR`P VaaV QV `RTbVa 2
% BRb RaaVPV N aV `VP aVPV P N``VPV Rb RaaVPV P N``VPV ` àNaV R QRPR V

à b R a N`` baN R aR RPR``N V R N aR N VN QV `bPPR`` QV bN `VN`V
bNQ N VNPN R R àN aR V aV b TUV `VN àNaV R``V QN N aR QN N
b cN cR `V R T V N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV QV `RP QN TR R NgV R "QV PbV
N R R Vo NcN aV N P N TTV ` V SN NPV Vo QV RaaV R N VQV R V
a NaaN R a QR N N VN 7 R V QVPN V R ` RSSVPNPV R a NaaN R V `V a V
`VP aVPV NQ R`R V QR V V R N bPV NgV V "PUR ` V S R bR aV R N
N VN NVbaN N VQb R V R `VR T N QV ` P a N P `bPPR``
NTVaNgV R R V VaNOV Vaj N VggN V P ` QR R `VR "PV k N R aN V
R `VR NPPR R Na PUR k aV VP QR N N VN R QV PR aR V N VR R V
P aR ba PUR ` VQRR à N R R V NQRTbNaR 8N R a PUR ` àNaV
` àVabVaV QN SN NPV N aV N VNPN V NaV VPV N NTTV N aR QRV Rb RaaVPV
P N``VPV TTV k Vo baV VggNaN N PUR `R N Pb V P aV bN NQ R``R R
N VN R aR baV VggNaV R N N VQVaj Q NgV R PUR k àNaN N P N
NTTVb aN QNV b cV SN NPV3 bRà k V PN` QR N R VQ N `R VPR
` V Và NgV R QV PUR T PPR QV N R VQ R N Pb V TV V N c aR k
`bSSVPVR aR N N R aN R b b c R V` QV b PUl V RcVN V aR `b V
RSSRaaV P NaR N V Vo S R bR aV ` VTVQVaj b`P N R a R R P N `N QV aVP
`R ` QV a VàRggN V R bVRaRggN QR R TN OR "NPNaV`VN R cN V RSSRaaV N aVP V R TVPV
"`RPPURggN QR R SNbPV RPP N ``VOV Vaj QR V ` TR gN QV bRàV RSSRaaV
P NaR N V PUR ` NOONàN gN RcR `VOV V PUV TV VQ V aR bgV R QR
SN NP SN `m PUR `VPUVNa N `PR TN `R R N Q `R Vo VPP N ``VOV R
8 N a N N aR N NTTV N aR QV bRàV RSSRaaV P NaR N V `P N R `V NaaR bN
P N` V Và NgV R QV SN NPV N aV N XV ` VN V
% Bb cV SN NPV N aV N VNPN V b cV SN NPV N aV N VNPN V N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV `
SN NPV P R PVN VggNaV ` Naabaa R b aV QRPR V N `P QV RTbNT VN R
`b R N R R VRaj aR N RbaVPUR QR N R VQ R VT V N RV SV QV RSSRaaV
P NaR N V Na R N R `V a NaaN QV SN NPV N a RaaN a Vo RSSVPNPV QR N R VQ
R QR N P aVN V N N c PN a R QV`NTV
6 A DD GI ? M E?
RSSVPNPVN QR N NTTV N aR QV bRàV N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV k àNaN QV à NaN R

a NaaN R a QV N aR V R a R R bRà aVc `` R``R R b`NaV N ON``R
Q `V P R àNOV VggNa V QR b R "V TR R N R V P OV NgV RP b
àNOV VggNa R QR b R P N``VP R RcVaN R VPNQbaR N VNPN V R V ` TR gN
QV `V a V `VP aVPV 5 Pb V QV R``V P R N gN V N N bRaVN V N `V `
QV à NaV RSSVPNPV R N SN`R QR R``VcN QR QVàb O 8V `RTbVa ` V aNaV
a NV V PV N V N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV2
p C N gN V N EbRà k b QRV b cV SN NPV N aV N VNPN V QV PbV NOOVN NTTV V
V S NgV V cR VR aV QN VT `R VPR PUR `PVR aVSVPUR RSSRaabNaR `b VT VNVN QV
NgVR aV V abaa V Q i b SN NP N aN R aR RSSVPNPR R a NaaN R a QR N
N VN V QV R QR aR R aR QN `b ` aa aV "RbS VP QV`S VP R NOONàN gN
NQRTbNa R V a NaaN R a QV N aR V R a 3 bn N PUR NVbaN R R a NaaN R a
QV N Pb R SN`V QR R``VcR D c PN PUV``V V RSSRaaV P NaR N V R V TR R N R k
a OR a R Na QN abaaV V NgVR aV b VP aR gVN R O R N k PUR QV ` Va
c PN b Nb R a QV R`
p EbRaVN V N EbRà k S `R V SN NP N aV N VNPN R NaV VP PUR QbPR R
RSSRaaV P NaR N V2 V Nb R a QV R` V` Raa N V` R VQ RR N gN V N R
NaVPN R aR R``b N QV`Sb gV R `R``bN R N Pb V PN`V bn VQb R N R``V R
`N TbVT N R PbV k V QVPNa RV NgVR aV V aR`V I N a RSSRaa P NaR N R
P b R k N `RQNgV R D a ROOR N PUR R``R R baV R P R àNOV VggNa R QR b R
R V N Pb V aV V QV QR R``V R OV N R
p FV` R VQ R EbRà k b N a SN NP a b`Na N aV N VNPN R a RSSVPNPR
R aR aR N aV `VP aVP JVR R baV VggNa N PUR R a NaaN R a QV N aR V R a N
ON``R Q `V RQ k N aVP N R aR RSSVPNPR R N RcR gV R QRV PVP V N VQV `b V
RSSRaaV P NaR N V ` `V V V N bR V QR N R VQ N PUR `R a Vo VRcV
D QbPR R Nb R aV QV R` V` Raa N N gN V N N bn PNb`N R
PN OVN R aV N V RcR `VOV V P R b Nb R a QR N NaaV N R QV`Sb gV V
`R``bN V "NQ R` O R V QV R RgV R N TN` VN
p 5a V 5 P N P `V àN V a QbPR Q b cV N aV `VP aVPV NaV VPV R
a NaaN R a QR N N VN P R gV N`VQ R N V V Ng R bRà R RaaR j
N aV NgVR aV PUR S `R SV N UN V` à NQRTbNaN R aR NV SN NPV
QV` VOV V QV OR RSVPVN R QV Pb R NQRTbNaR GV RcRQR PUR bRàV QbR b cV SN NPV
PNb`V R `RQNgV R V` Raa N bR V R`VàR aV
% 6R g QVNgR V R V aVP "SN NP R SNPV VaN R V ` Vo baV VggNa R
a NaaN R a QR R SN`V N VNPN V R V N VNPN V k V P NgR N a
RSSVPNPR RV NgVR aV PUR R`R aN aN N `VN NTVaNgV R V VaNOV Vaj
8 D?E 22 D E D E C
V ` VN 5 a V SN NPV P RV NgR N V QVNgR N `` P a VObV R N

a NaaN R a R N V`b N V PbV VT V N V ` R VQbP N `VN N k
N`` baN R aR V QVPNa a NaaN R V bNQ N VNPN R ` P bRàV SN NPV
% 5 a V 5 PUR Nb R a QR N Q `R QV àNOV VggNa V QR b R " VaV cN Na

PN ON NgR V N ePN ONgR V N bn R``R R RSSVPNPR R a NaaN R a QR N
N VN QR NaN N N R aRggN Q NgV R QV bRàV SN NPV V R QR V N VNaV
R N NTTV N aR QRV PN`V G V QVPNaV V cRPR RV V V R V` QV P V aR `Vaj
VRcR QR NaN N aR N VN R Raa P cb `VcN aR "97H k b a NaaN R a a
`VPb RQ Rà R N R aR RSSVPNPR N`` baN R aR RPR``N V V N Pb V PN`V
N aVP N V "R` NgVR aV V àNa QV T NcVQN gN N VN SN NP R`VàR aR RPP
7 R ``VN cRQR R R`Và QVcR `V a NaaN R aV QV` VOV V R NSS aN R N SN`R

N VNPN R V N VNPN R N PUR `R N RcR gV R k `R RV VT V a NaaN R a
. DG
N N``b a àN N``b R Q N aVQR R``VcV "S b eRaV N N eRaV N

cR NSNeV N PVaN N P V N V N V V N V N N a V 4 5 P `N
R `V PUR `R cN 4 HV P RN QV`NTV 4
7?II E?
8 D?E 222 E ?G ?II L
5 ? L
OVRaaVc QV bRàN N `R``V RkV S N RV T b `b a NaaN R a

SN NP TVP QR R SN`V QR R``VcR R VàR 7 R TVj NccR ba R N `RgV R
P V VPN "cRQV NT 0- R N `R``V R `b N QR R``V R cR T V `R VaR
V S NgV V `b R SN`V VàR R aVcV b N R aR TVàVPV QV QV` VOV Vaj QV
aR `ROOR R V a NaaN R a QR R SN`V VàR `VN Vo `V V R N a NaaN R a
QR N N VN PUR N V a NaaN R a QR N QR R``V R
6 ?
% 7 R QV P `bRa R R b aV R `R``V V V VgVR R N `R``V RP b NP cR `NgV R

V S NRQ N bN R PUVRQR R N "QbR c aN V QV R`R aN R V QVNT N N
QV cVaN
% HR V NaN N R`R aNgV R QR R PN aR QV cVaN PUVRQR R NV NgVR aV bN R
VaR T `VN V P aN R a QN NQ aaN R V PN` QV QR R``V R V N R R
`b b` QRV cN V SN NPV N aVQR R``VcV R `b NQR R gN R P `N R R `N QR
``VOV R b QV b a NaaN R a `VP TVP 5 P N b N c aN ``VN SN R
b R R P QR R S R bR gR Q b` QRT V N aVQR R``VcV N N NcNT N P R NOOVN
SNaa R R QbR `RQbaR RPRQR aV
% D V N QV V VgVN R N ` VRTN R N b T V a NaaN R a QR N QR R``V R V `VàR R `b N
QVSSR R gN a N QR R``V R R a VàRggN P RR gV R N R R ` RPVSVPUR R PUR
N a VàRggN P R bN `VN`V N a àNa Q N V RT N R bn R QRcR R``R R
a NaaNaN VPUl kb N N NaaVN
% EbV QV R`R aR R V NaR VN R QR N `R``V R
% N `R``V R `V PUVbQR P R `R RQ V TV QV Q N QR R QV`Pb``V R R
Q NP `RT N QR NaR VN R R QRV P VaV
8 D?E 222 E ?G ?II L
. EI AC C
% 5 P N b N c aN Q OOVN NTTV N R P àN aR R aR V NaR VN R `P Vaa PUR S VN NV

NgVR aV
% I N` Raa PUR cN N aVP N R aR ` aa V RNa VTbN QN V V`PUV QR Nba RQVPNgV R
P N aVQR R``VcV QN R a PUR aV NgVR aV OV N V NOb`N QV bRàV
SN NPV 8 OOVN ` aa V RN R RQ R SNaVggN R V V`PUV RQVPV V V`PUV QV ab V V PVP V
N VQV V aR NgV RRV RTTV N R a QR P ` PNb`NaV QN bRà b` V V
% i a V aN aR PUR V NgVR aR VPRcN V R``NTTV PUR V a NaaN R a
SN NP TVP k R ` N VggNa N `RP QN QR R R`VTR gR QR ONPXT b QR
QR R PN NaaR VàVPUR QV PVN`Pb NgVR aR R bV QV k QVSSVPV R a cN R QbR
`PUR V VQR aVPV A aV NgVR aV PUVRQ bN V ` R QVSSR R gR a N V cN V
SN NPV QR N àR``N SN VT VN "R` T V V VOVa V `R RaaVcV QR N VPN aNgV R QR N
`R a V N GGF C a R N ` VRTN R R ` aaV V QVSSR R gR a N V cN V SN NPV
Q OOVN V `VàR R `b N V` àN RcR aVcN P R V QVPNa R QR N V` àN
aR N RbaVPN
% DR bN a VTbN QN V aR N QR baV Vaj QRV a NaaN R aV `VP TVPV k V aN aR
QV R NV NgVR aV PUR Sb gV N V T V PN` P R aR N VN RV QVàb OV
OV N V3 N PUR `R k àNaN QV à NaN RSSVPNPVN aR N RbaVPN QV N Pb V QV bRàV
a NaaN R aV `VP TVPV R VT V N R N Pb V `V a V QR N QR R``V R OV N R
` Naabaa R R QR R``V V VRcV% QR NaR RV NgVR aV P T N QV
aR gVN Vaj QV ` àN R a N PUR RV NgVR aV OV N V QV aV R``V QRc
R``R R `R R N`` PVNaV N a NaaN R a àNOV VggNa R QR b RR aR c aR
P b N aVQR R``Vc FVP QVN PUR NQ TTV R`Và àbQV P V VPV P
V`b aNaV N gVN R aR Ob V R N QR R``V R OV N R` R QbR a NaaN R aV
`VP TVPV cN R N QV R N aR N VN P T VaVcN R N aR N VN V aR R ` N R QRV Va V
` PVN V
% 5 aR V R QR N `RQbaN V NgVR aR QRcR NcR P R` PUR abaaV V
a NaaN R aV `VP TVPV ` RSSVPNPV R P a NàN R N QR R``V R OV N R R
PUR N Pb V `N ROOR NQQV Vaab N P a V QVPNaV i V aN aR PUR V NgVR aR
V aR RaV N à N N T R aNgV RP R b N QVSR`N QR N NQVT N R bV QV
Q OOVN ` VRTN R O RcR R aR N QVSSR R gN a N `PVR gN P RQR gR R V V V R
P PN R T V a NaaN R a `VP TVP R `b à N VNa `b N ON`R QR N
RaaR Nab N QV` VOV R R QNaN EbRà k b N T R a PUR cR j N VN R aR
a NaaNa Qb N aR N `R``V R QRQVPNaN N R Pb R N aR NaVcR "cRQV NT ) -
6 A DD GI ? M E?
4 ? C? G M ?E ?
5 QVSSR R gN QR a NaaN R a QRT V R V` QV N VNPN V V PbV T V N aV `VP aVPV `

NaVPN R aR b VP a NaaN R a ``VOV R NOOVN QVcR `R N aR NaVcR R a NaaN R R
SN`V QR R``VcR2
% 5 aVQR R``VcV ; V N aVQR R``VcV ` NOONàN gN RSSVPNPV R a NaaN R N

QR R``V R OV N R R Q `V R T V RSSRaaV P NaR N V ` `V V V N bR V QR
b` R N QR R``V Rb V N R P RPPRgV R PUR RV NgVR aV P
QVàb OV OV N V ` N`` PVNaV N V`PUV QV V Qb R b R V` QV N VNPN R
Và PUR V P bQN PVP V N VQV DR bRà aVc `VPUVNa N k PNba R
R`P VcR V 8Rc `R R R``R R ` V Và NaV V P OV NgV RP b
àNOV VggNa R QR b R H N T V N aVQR R``VcV Vo baV VggNaV a cVN V
`RTbR aV2
p 5 aVQR R``VcV a VPVP VPV 7 àVabV`P QN bN`V ( N V N V PV N R N N
QR N SN NP aR N VN P a N QR R``V R R``R Q àNaV a N V V V
`VP SN NPV `P R aV G ONOV R aR V SN NPV Vo N VQV RQ RSSVPNPV
R a NaaN R a QR N QR R``V R OV N R N QbP N PUR Vo
RSSRaaV P NaR N V QV`NTV R ` N`` PVNaV N b V`PUV Vo R RcNa QV
PNb`N R b PN OVN R a QV SN`R HR Q N Qb R `RQNgV R R N
NTTV N aR QRV NgVR aV N PUR `R N Pb V `V `R a àV NaV G R``
PNb`N V aR `V R PUR aR QR NQ R``R R àb N R 5 c aR P k b
Nb R a QV R` Qb N aR V a NaaN R a Vo b`NaV ` V V N V NR N
P V N V N
p VOVa V `R RaaVcV QR N VPN aNgV R QR N `R a V N "GGF GV a NaaN QV SN NPV
NaVPN R aR RSSVPNPV bN a V a VPVP VPV N PNb`N R RSSRaaV P NaR N V R UN
R aR gVN Vaj QV V Qb R N VN V N VN aN a PUR NaabN R aR ` b
T b QV SN NPV N VN R aR baV VggNaV R a NaaN R N QR R``V R OV N R A a
` R`` V RSSRaaV P NaR N V `V VQbP Nb RTTR QV`NTV QVTRàVc N V VgV
QR a NaaN R a R PPN`V N R aR N QV`Sb gV V `R``bN V 5 Pb V QRT V GGF Vo
baV VggNaV ` N S b eRaV N R N N eRaV N a V QVPNaR R R QR R``V VP
b NS aR P R aR N `V `N R V SV R N `R a N V N R V PVaN N
p VOVa V QR R N V ``VQN`V " A5C b` k R NaVcN R aR V VaNa

àN aR N T N QR RSSVPNPVN R PUl V aR NTV`P P aV SN NPV QV b`
P b R "NQ R`R V bR V b`NaV R Pb N R V NSS RQQ R a R P à V T V
NgVR aR N `RTbV R b N QVRaN ` RPVN R VPUl V aR NTV`P N PUR P V SR R aNaV
8 D?E 222 E ?G ?II L
N V R aV NQ N a P aR ba QV aV N V N R `` PNb`N R b N P V`V V R aR `VcN

R NTVN PR RO N R V SN a `R bRàN RT N cVR R `RTbVaN 8V P `RTbR gN
V NgVR aR PUR N``b R A5C QRcR N TVN R R``b QRV `RTbR aV N V R aV2
`N `VPPR S NTTV SR R aNaV cV R OV N ` aaNPRaV PVOV ` aa NPRa N V NaV N
NTTV N aR QRV PVOV V `PNa N Nc PNQ SVPUV ON N R PNcVN R TN OR V R`PR
R``VPPNa NSSb VPNa PN R R`PR R VNaaV RP aaV 5 Pb V QRT V A5C Vo P b V
` N a N V PV V N R N SR R gV N N P OR VQR k b A5C PUR R`R aN
R V`PUV QV V aR NgV V SN NP TVPUR R N V R aN V
p VOVa V `R RaaVcV QR N VPN aNgV R QR N `R a V N R QR N NQ R N V N
"GGBF EbRàV ` T V N aVQR R``VcV Vo RPR aV RSSRaa bn R``R R
Vo aR aR QRT V GGF 3 `` R``R R P `VQR NaV N a RaaN a RSSVPNPV QRV
a VPVP VPV R ` N PUR N`` PVNaV N V V RSSRaaV P NaR N V N PUR `R V
aR gVN R QV V Qb R N VN bn R``R R `b R V R N bR QRT V GGF GGBF
NaabN R aR QV` VOV R k N cR NSNeV N I N a SN NP NQ NgV R VàN
" NQ R R TVP R `R a V R TVP k N V aNgN V N PUR `R O N R``R R R
RSSVPNPR R V QbPR T NcR Nb R a QV R` R `RQNgV R
% N a VTV N 8V bRà SN NP PUR k VN R aR b N aVQR R``Vc `V k TVj
N Na R N `R``V R `bT V àNOV VggN aV "cRQV GR``V R/ ))- N `bN NgV R
N aVQR R``VcN k ` VaN R aR R aN ` Naabaa R PUl V RQVP QRcR Nb R aN R N
Q `R NOONàN gN R aN R aR R RcVaN R V ` TR gN QV RSSRaaV P NaR N V Nk a
`VPb N R PUl V `b aR gVN R QV V Qb R N VN k NaVPN R aR b
% HR N VN R Raa P cb `VcN aR "97H i N aN R aR RSSVPNPR R PN` QV
QR R``V V Vo V VOVaR Vo R`VàR aV N a NaaN R a SN NP TVP
5OOVN TVj V QVPNa PUR bRàN aR N VN k a `VPb N "cRQV ) )
% HR N VR `VP TVPUR R b VPUR aR N VR `VP TVPUR QV PbV k àNaN QV à NaN
RSSVPNPVN R a NaaN R a QR N QR R``V R OV N R` N aR N VN
P T VaVcN R N aR N VN V aR R ` N R PUR `V N`` PVN N N` V Và NgV R
QV N aVQR R``VcV R `R RP àNOV VggN aV B k àNa QV à Na PUR N
`VP N N V`V NOOVN N Pb N baV Vaj R a NaaN R a QRV QVàb OV OV N V
. DG
GR R QV VaV NPVQ cN VP PN ON NgR V N `NV bN a ` R`` QRcV

SN R b aRà QV P a 4 GNV R PUl ` RPR``N V4 GN RaR bN V ` V
VcR V VQRN V QV bRàV SN NPV R `N TbR4 NV NV Ncba VcR V QV VaV
RPPR``VcN R aR N aV4 EbR PUR k `bPPR`` 4
7?II E?
3 L?CC GC ID I C MM ?CC D ?
5 ? L
OVRaaVc QV bRàN `R``V R k PUR V NgVR aR P R QN N RPR``Vaj QV aRà

R V QVPV R QRaR V N R V VcR V `VR VPV A aV NgVR aV R`RTb
RT N R aR bRàR QRaR V NgV V `VR VPUR R PUl `R R QV R aVPN
R PUl RP R Q V aN gN R PUl aR T V NTUV 5 a V N
P a N V ` NccN baN N RPR``Vaj'baV Vaj QV bRàV aRà R Naa VObV`P
b cN R QVNT àVP T àVP PV PN Rc bgV R QR QVàb O
EbRàN QRPV N `R``V R UN `P QV RaaR R N Sb P R ` aa V RN R
V aN gN QR R QRaR V NgV V `VR VPUR QRT V àNOV VggNa V QR b R
6 ?
% 7 R QV P `bRa N `R``V R V VgVN P N R`R aNgV R QV QbR aR V QR N cVaN

% 8 bRàR R`R aNgV V a R V VgVN R N PUVRQR R NV à V NgVR aV
bN aV QV N``b VaV cN Na R PN ON NgR V N R bN aV QV UN
N``b a b N P PR a NgV R N` NaVPN QV VaV cN Na PN ON NgR V N
R b aV `R Rà R GR V b R P V` QR PUVRQR R R PUl N Pb V QV
UN SNaa V aRà GbPPR``VcN R aR ``VN PUVRQR R `R `N
R PUl QRc NcR R QRaR V NgV V RT N V QRV VcR V QV àNOV VggNa V
QR b R R VcRQ R VP VaV
% D R`R aR R V NaR VN R QR N `R``V RRN V R V TV QV
Q N QR R N QV`Pb``V R
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Psychoeducation Manual For Bipolar Disorder (Francesc Colom, Eduard Vieta) ITA

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Psychoeducation Manual For Bipolar Disorder (Francesc Colom, Eduard Vieta) ITA

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