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ICACCI2017 Lowcostimplementationofsmarthomeautomation
ICACCI2017 Lowcostimplementationofsmarthomeautomation
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Abstract—The fast growing world needs various tech- the power outlet [1]. The design of automated system
nologies to improve quality of life. The Internet of Things should be simple and easy to control the home appliances
is one such technology impacting human lives. The Internet remotely and also be monitored their status at the same
of Things is a network exchanging the data/information time with wired/wireless access gateways [2].
between the devices having Internet connectivity, sensing
For elderly people and differently able persons, it
and computing capabilities. This work uses the ultra
low power consumption ESP8266 system on chip board
is difficult to operate home appliances due to their
operating 2.4 GHz ISM band for wireless connectivity. immobility. According to the Global Burden of Disease,
The relay circuitry is interfaced to ESP8266 NodeMCU 2004 estimates nearly 15.3% of the world population
board using the GPIO pins in order to control 220 V constitute moderate or severe disability, while 2.9% of
supply power outlet, wherein domestic appliances such the same has severe disability [3]. Among those below 15
as lights, fans, air conditioning system, and so on may years old, comprises 5.1% and 0.7% while those among
be controlled remotely. The WLAN SSID & password 15 years and above the figures were 19.4% and 3.8% for
allow only authorized persons from the home to control moderate and severe disability respectively [3]. In Indian
such appliances. The Android app has been designed and
scenario, Census 2001 revealed that over 21 million
generated making use of the open source web application
MIT App Inventor-2 to control the domestic appliances people in India suffering from one or the other kind of
using any Android Smart phone. The Android app created disability comprising about 2.1% of the total population
provides graphical user interface supports two options to [4]. Thus, for such people it is significant to have an
control appliances: (i) the user can use icons or graphical automated system which provides easy accessibility to
buttons created for respective home appliances and (ii) control the home appliances remotely. Depending on the
they can use specific voice commands to control those home type of disability, one can control the home appliances
appliances using Android Smart phone. The main objective either by using touch sensitive panel with graphical
of this work is to have a system which is cost effective,
buttons or even with the help of voice commands to
robust and also scalable.
control the specific home appliance.
Keywords - ESP8266, Android, Internet of Things,
The proposed system shown in Fig. 1 uses the wireless
MIT App Inventor-2
technology to control the home appliances with the help
of Android Smart phone. The Android smart phone
I. I NTRODUCTION
supports WiFi connectivity, Bluetooth and wireless data
The power outlets in our homes have switches and over cellular network and offers Graphical User Interface
sockets with wired connections. A person has to phys- (GUI) based touch screen operation [5]. The Android
ically move and operate the switch either on or off app designed here is giving the two provisions to the
and apply or control power to the home appliance. The user either use App with graphical buttons or voice
person who is away from home can not either control commands to control the home appliances by the means
appliance or know the current status of the same and this of wireless media. The devices which are connected to
might result in wastage of electrical energy. People may the Internet and start exchanging the data/Information
experience electrical shock in case the connections are among themselves making the Internet of Things (IoT)
exposed. An automated system is needed to eliminate technology possible. The number of connected things
bulky wired connections of switches and sockets in in IoT has been growing rapidly and by the year 2020
462
the corresponding URL request as shown in Table I (AURA) can assess scalable risk for the Android Apps
is sent and the NodeMCU device makes the changes [8].
suitably through its GPIOs. In the second option through
Voice using smart phone according to the specific voice B. Through Voice
command the relevant want URL is sent as shown in
Table I in a similar manner and the NodeMCU controls
the relays.
A. Through APP
463
TABLE II: List of Voice Commands to control various IV. D ESCRIPTION OF S OFTWARE
Home Appliances
A. MIT APP INVENTOR 2
S.No. Voice Command
The open source web application MIT App Inventor
used for Control
2 is comprises of two parts to create an Android App.
1 turn off light
The first one is the Designer part where the app is
2 turn on light designed for the graphical user interface (GUI) providing
3 turn off fan various components like texbox, label, buttons, web,
4 turn on fan speech recognizer, notifier, etc [11]. The components can
5 turn off bulb be placed by ’drag and drop’ method onto the screen
6 turn on bulb provided and the layout can be customized as per the
7 turn off charger
need. The second part of the AppInventor 2 is the Blocks
Editor using which the components from the Designer
8 turn on charger
part are programmed to describe the Android app specific
behavior suitably [11].
It works with just 3.3 V supply and the General Input
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Output Pins(GPIO) makes it possible to communicate
with the external world [10]. The use of ESP8266
WiFi board in home automated system makes the whole
system cost effective and robust. Table III provides the
specifications of ESP8266 board.
Parameters Specification
Microcontroller TenSilica L 106
Processor Clock 80MHz-160MHz
Built-in WiFi 2.4GHz supports 802.11 b/g/n
GPIO pins 10
Operating Voltage 3.0V - 3.6V
Operating Current 80mA(Average) Fig. 7: Messages in the Serial Monitor of Arduino IDE
464
Fig. 10 (a) shows the user interface when Use Voice
is selected on the initial screen of the designed Android
App and the user has to enter the IP address address of
the ESP8266 obtained from Serial Monitor of Arduino
IDE onto the text box provided and then tap the Speak
button to give the voice commands when speech rec-
ognizer initializes as shown in Fig. 10(b). The notifier
shows what has been spoken to it just now as shown
in Fig. 10(c). The user can control the home appliances
remotely with their voice commands as provided in Table
II or go to the previous menu (Screen-1) by pressing
Fig. 8: Screen-1 GUI of the Android App Home button.
As shown in Fig.11(a) and Fig.11(b), the ESP8266 is
USB powered and the bulb is controlled remotely with
Using the open source tool, MIT App Inventor 2, designed Android App with both the options of Use
once the design comprising of component designer Block App and Use Voice. The other appliances can also be
Editor has been completed, the apk file is generated using controlled using the same App by connecting them as
the MIT App Inventor cloud platform and the same apk illustrated in Fig. 2.
file is deployed in any Android Smart phone. When the
installation is completed and app is activated, an initial
screen as shown in Fig. 8 giving the user two options
to control the home appliances either by using graphical
buttons or by using voice commands.
465
INDICON Conference, 2015
[4] http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/disabled_population.aspx
Fig. 11: The bulb is controlled remotely using designed [6] Dave Evans, "The Internet of Things, How the Next Evolution
Android App of the Internet Is Changing Everything", Cisco Internet Business
Solutions Group (IBSG), April 2011
trol feature using the Android Smart phone assists elderly [7] Ravi Sekhar Yarrabothu, Bramarambika Thota, "ABHAYA: AN
ANDROID APP FOR THE SAFETY OF WOMEN", in IEEE
and persons with disability. The ESP8266 NodeMCU is a
INDICON Conference, 2015
low cost device and has ultra low power consumption. A
different relay can be chosen based the load. The design [8] Xuetao Wei, Iulian Neamtiu, Michalis Faloutsos, "Whom Does
and app development has been demonstrated by using Your Android App Talk To?", in IEEE Global Communications
MIT App Inventor 2 to support both GUI button based Conference (GLOBECOM), 2015
and voice activated approaches. The automation system
is inexpensive, secure easily accessible and also scalable [9] Jinn-Kwei Guo, Chun-Lin Lu, Ju-Yun Chang, Yi-Jing Li, Ya-Chi
Huang, Fu-Jiun Lu and Ching-Wen Hsu, "Interactive Voice-
so that the number of devices can be easily customized
Controller Applied to Home Automation", in 5th International
by making minor modifications. Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia
Signal Processing, 2009
R EFERENCES
[1] Sushant Kumar, S.S Solanki, "Voice and Touch Control Home [10] https://espressif.com/en/products/hardware/esp8266ex/overview
Automation", in 3rd International Conference on Recent
Advances in Information Technology(RAIT), 2016
[11] http://appinventor.mit.edu/explore/designer-blocks.html
[2] Yash Mittal, Paridhi Toshniwal, Sonal Sharma, Deepika
Singhal, Ruchi Gupta and V K Mittal, "A Voice-Controlled [12] https://www.arduino.cc/en/reference/libraries
Multi-Functional Smart Home Automation System", in IEEE