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Carrying out Ground Improvement Works Using Stone Columns for foundation of
different MNB Locations of Four Laning of Cholopuram-Thanjavur from
K.M.116.440TO KM 164.275 section of NH-45C in the state of Tamilnadu under
NHDP Phase -IV on the hybrid annuity mode

START OF
PROJECT KM
116.440

END OF
PROJECT KM
164.275

Method Statement for Installation of Rammed Stone

Column

AUGUST 2020-R00

UNIQUE ENGINEERING SERVICES

PLOT NO. 52, WARD-6 (INDUSTRIAL), B/H EMERGENCY RESPONSE CENTRE,
GANDHIDHAM, KUTCH-370201, GUJARAT
Tel.- 02836-252220 pro@uniquelab.co.in, www.uniquelab.co.in
 Document Control

Action Name Designation Date Signature

Prepared By Deepa Jetwa Engineer 08/08/20
Checked By Kunal Shah Technical Manager 08/08/20
Reviewed By Santosh Zunjar Technical Director 08/08/20

Revision
Document No. No -Pages Date of Issue Detail
No.
UES/20-21/MST/02 7 08/08/2020 1st Issue R00

Concessionaire:

PATEL CHOLOPURAM THANJAVUR HIGHWAY PVT LTD.

EPC-Contractor:

Patel Infrastructure Ltd.

Patel House, Near Prakruti Resort, Chhani Road,Chhani-391740, Vadodara
Gujarat. Ph. No.-0265-2776678/7778. Fax No.-0265-2777878. Mail-
ho@patelinfra.com

Independent Engineer:

THEME ENGINEERING SERVICES PVT LTD

B-24,Gokul Vatika, Jawahar Circle Jaipur-302018, Rajasthan, Ph. No.: +91-141-2724495,
theme@themeengineering.com

Client:
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA
(GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ROAD
TRANSPORT & HIGHWAYS)
Design Consultant

CTL GLOBAL SERVICES PVT.LTD.

Four Laning of Cholopuram-Thanjavur from K.M.116.440TO KM

Project 164.275 section of NH-45C in the state of Tamilnadu under NHDP
Phase -IV on the hybrid annuity mode
METHOD STATEMENT FOR INSTATLLATION OF
Title
STONE COLUMN

Released For
 Approval
 Construction
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METHOD STATEMENT

FOR

CARRYING OUT GROUND IMPROVEMENT

USING RAMMED STONE COLUMN

DOCUMENT NO.: UES/20-21/MST/02

Prepared By:-
By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal
RatikaShah
Mhatre Santosh Zunjar
Kumar Salunkhe
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CONTENTS

1 Preface 3

2 Purpose 3

3 Scope 3

4 Rammed Stone Column 4

5 Materials 4

6 Method of Work 5

7 Quality Assurance Plan – During Installation 7

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar

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1.0 Preface

The construction of Rammed stone columns involves partial replacement of weak soil with
the stones (aggregates). The installation of stone column creates a composite material of
overall lower compressibility and higher shear strength than the virgin weak soil

A layer of drainage material is provided on the top of stone columns to allow the drain water
to come out.

The Improved capacity of the soil can be verified by conducting the load test as per IS 15284

Depth

As per Design, These columns will be made up of stone aggregate. The depth of the
stone column in this region is between 6.0 to 7.0 m below EGL

Considering structural requirement, subsoil condition and installation techniques the

spacing and diameter of the stone column can be specified as follows.

Diameter

Method of the Spacing of column

column

Non Displacement 600 (As

Method (Rammed Stone per As per Design
Column) Design)
2.0 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the method to be followed for the Soil
Improvement Using Rammed Stone Columns by Non Displacement method

3.0 Scope
The work consists of ground improvement using stone columns by bottom feed Vibro-
displacement method up to design depths. The Scope of work is broadly divided in following
activities –
1. Filling of the soil for the working platform by client

2. Installation of Stone Columns

3. Quality Control

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar

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4.0 Rammed Stone Columns

Stone Column is the process of installation of stones i.e. the comparatively rigid material than
the soil to the desired depth. The process of installation is by drilling of the soil upto
required depth. The compaction or densification of surrounding soil occurs and also the
insertion / provision of the more stiff / rigid material than the existing soil which help to take
higher load intensity. The hole of the desired diameter is bored to the designed depth and
then filled up in short stages with the stones and compacting by ramming.

Finished Diameter of Rammed stone column 600 mm (As per Design)

Equipment Details:

Rotary Drill Machine with hopper for aggregate and Rammer

Rotary Drill Equipment 1 Nos

Loader / JCB / Excavator for Loading the Aggregate in 1 Nos
Rammer of suitable weight to obtain a ramming energy 1 Nos
of around 20 KNm (Joules) per blow

5.0 Material
Stones / Aggregates

The backfill stones should be clean, durable, angular, hard and resistant to breakage.
Stones used in the work shall be quarry crushed.
For Rammed Stone Column: It shall be well graded stone of 75 mm down to 2 mm size.

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar

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6.0 Method of work

6.1 Installation of Stone Columns
6.1.1 General Clearance & Leveling of site
Area shall be cleared of the vegetation, mangroves if any. And if Service lines are
passing through the proposed treatment area shall be identified before start of the
work and be protected; diverted or removed whichever is possible. Overhead cables
and any other aerial obstruction which are likely to impede the operation shall be
removed.
If required a working platform of borrow soil material of sufficient thickness for
comfortable movement of machine, whichever is more shall be constructed for machine
movement on the top clay layer.

6.1.2 Marking of Points

With reference of Bench Mark and Reference Boundary Co-ordinates, the points for
installation of stone columns shall be marked on the ground.
The column shall be numbered as Unit identification no. The unit identification number
will be given on the corresponding layout drawing.
The spacing of stone columns shall be as per the approved design.

All the locations shall be marked exactly by survey with reference to the existing pillar
benchmark.
Ensure location with lime powder or pegs at each stone column location.

6.1.3 Erection of Machinery

In this method, boring is performed with rotary equipment employing augers or
buckets. The borehole sides may be stabilized using a casing or alternatively, by using
bentonite mud. Sufficient quantity of the well graded aggregates shall be pour into
the hopper with the help of Aggregate bucket

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar

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6.1.4 Installation
Boring:

After the assembly, the rotary drill machine shall be started and the Auger shall be
lowered into the ground upto the desired depth as per design.
6.1.5 Compaction
The procedure for forming and compacting rotary drill rammed stone columns shall
generally be as described hereunder.

The compaction of rotary drill rammed stone column shall generally be as follows:

a. Unless otherwise specified, penetration of the auger to the required depth shall be
assisted by rotary drilling rig. Once the auger is reached to the required depth,
chemically inert, sound and well graded crushed rock is placed in the hole to fill it to
about 1m to 1.5 m depth.

b. The loose charge is then compacted by operating a rammer of suitable weight and
fall within the hole so as to obtain a ramming energy of around 20 KNm (Joules) per
blow to drive the stones laterally to form the column of the required diameter.

c. The extent of ramming is measured by the set criterion, that is, by measuring
penetration of the rammer into the backfilled material or a given number of blows.
For the rammer system proposed to be used, the set criterion would be established
individually for each site by conducting appropriate field trials. Although the set will
be governed by the rammer input energy as well as the fill characteristics.

d. Subsequent to achieving the desired compaction as in 6.1.5 (c) the next charge is
placed in the casing and it is rammed in accordance with the 6.1.5 (b) to 6.1.5 (c).
The procedure is repeated till a stone column of the desired length has been formed,
leaving a well compacted, tightly interlocked stone column.
6.1.6 Granular Blanket: A compacted and well-draining layer of gravel or clean medium to coarse
sand, of 500mm thickness, compacted in 250mm each layer to a relative density of 75 to 80
percent shall be laid over the top of the stone columns. This blanket shall be exposed to
atmosphere at its periphery for pore water pressure dissipation. After ensuring complete

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar

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Removal of slush deposited during boring operations, a minimum depth of 0.5 m,

preferably 0.75 m below the granular blanket should be Compacted by Other suitable
means, such as rolling/tamping to the specified densification criteria.
7.0 Quality Assurance Plan – During Installation
a) The aggregates shall be clean, hard, angular, chemically inert, resistant to breakage
and free from organic material (As per IS 383 and IS 2386 Part-I & IV) Size of the well
graded crushed aggregates shall vary from 2mm to 75mm and confirming to following
gradation –

Size of crushed Percentage

aggregates (mm) Passing, %
75 90-100
50 80-90
38 55-75
20 10-20
12 5-13
2 5

Crushing Value of stones less than 30 %

Impact Value less than 30 %
Testing frequency shall be every day for the gradation of the aggregates. (In
approved Format)
The other tests as Specific Gravity, crushing value and impact tests of the aggregates shall
be carried out at the third party for every 5000 cum of material or change in source of
aggregates whichever is earlier.
b) The location of column shall be within ± 100 mm from the actual location.

c) Ensure the depth, Dia and spacing of the column.

d) The loader bucket and hopper shall be inspected for the volume of aggregates. Records for
the buckets required for each column shall be maintained.

Prepared By:- Reviewed By:-

Kunal Shah Santosh Zunjar