ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE

7D81-21
304410/R1

ASPARTATE
AMINOTRANSFERASE
This package insert contains information to run the Aspartate Aminotransferase assay on the ARCHITECT c Systems
and the AEROSET System.

NOTE: This package insert must be read carefully prior to product use. Package insert instructions must be
followed accordingly. Reliability of assay results cannot be guaranteed if there are any deviations from the
instructions in this package insert.

Customer Support
United States: 1-877-4ABBOTT
Canada: 1-800-387-8378 (English speaking customers)
1-800-465-2675 (French speaking customers)
International: Call your local Abbott representative

Symbols in Product Labeling

Concentration Reagent 2

Contents of kit Catalog number/List number

Authorized Representative in the
Serial number
European Community
Ingredients Consult instructions for use

In vitro diagnostic medical device Manufacturer

Batch code / Lot number Temperature limitation

Reagent 1 Use by/Expiration date

December 2009
©2009 Abbott Laboratories

1
NAME
ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE
INTENDED USE
The Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) assay is used for the quantitation
of aspartate aminotransferase in human serum or plasma.
SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION OF TEST
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), also referred to as glutamate
oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), is one of a group of enzymes
which catalyzes the interconversion of amino acids and α-keto acids
by transfer of amino groups. Both AST and alanine aminotransferase
(ALT) are normally found in most body fluids, but not in urine except
in instances of kidney lesions. The greatest concentrations of AST
are found in heart, liver, muscle, and kidney tissues. Damage to these
tissues can greatly elevate serum AST levels. Following myocardial
infarction, AST in serum begins to increase within 6 to 8 hours of onset
of pain, reaching a peak within 18 to 24 hours and falling to normal by
the fourth or fifth day. Serum values may increase to 10 to 15 times
normal levels and the increase is roughly proportional to the degree of
tissue damage.1,2
PRINCIPLES OF PROCEDURE
AST present in the sample catalyzes the transfer of the amino
group from L-aspartate to α-ketoglutarate, forming oxaloacetate and
L-glutamate. Oxaloacetate in the presence of NADH and malate
dehydrogenase (MDH) is reduced to L-malate. In this reaction, NADH
is oxidized to NAD. The reaction is monitored by measuring the rate
of decrease in absorbance at 340 nm due to the oxidation of NADH
to NAD.
Methodology: NADH (without P-5'-P)
REAGENTS
Reagent Kit
7D81 AST is supplied as a liquid, ready-to-use, two-reagent kit
which contains:
10 x 70 mL
10 x 21 mL
Estimated tests per kit: 3,621
Calculation is based on the minimum reagent fill volume per kit.
Reactive Ingredients Concentration
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Precautions for Users
1. For in vitro diagnostic use.
2. Do not use components beyond the expiration date.
3. Do not mix materials from different kit lot numbers.
4. CAUTION: This product requires the handling of human specimens.
It is recommended that all human sourced materials be considered
potentially infectious and be handled in accordance with the OSHA
Standard on Bloodborne Pathogens.3 Biosafety Level 24 or other
appropriate biosafety practices5,6 should be used for materials that
contain or are suspected of containing infectious agents.
SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND HANDLING
Suitable Specimens
Serum and plasma are acceptable specimens.
• Serum: Use serum collected by standard venipuncture techniques
into glass or plastic tubes with or without gel barriers. Ensure
complete clot formation has taken place prior to centrifugation.
When processing samples, separate serum from blood cells or
gel according to the specimen collection tube manufacturer’s
instructions.
Some specimens, especially those from patients receiving
anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy, may take longer to complete
their clotting processes. Fibrin clots may subsequently form in these
sera and the clots could cause erroneous test results.
• Plasma: Use plasma collected by standard venipuncture techniques
into glass or plastic tubes. Acceptable anticoagulants are lithium
heparin (with or without gel barrier) and sodium heparin. Do not
use ammonium heparin.7 Ensure centrifugation is adequate to
remove platelets. When processing samples, separate plasma
from blood cells or gel according to the specimen collection tube
manufacturer’s instructions.
For total sample volume requirements, refer to the instrument-specific
ASSAY PARAMETERS section of this package insert and Section 5 of
the instrument-specific operations manual.
Specimen Storage
Serum and Plasma
Maximum Bibliographic
Temperature
Storage Reference
20 to 25°C 4 days 8

β-NADH 0.16 mg/mL 2 to 8°C 7 days 8, 9

Malate Dehydrogenase 0.64 U/mL -20°C 12 weeks 8

Lactate Dehydrogenase 0.64 U/mL Guder et al.8 suggest storage of frozen specimens at -20°C for
no longer than the time interval cited above. However, limitations
L-Aspartate 232 mmol/L of laboratory equipment make it necessary in practice for clinical
α-Ketoglutarate 51.3 mmol/L laboratories to establish a range around -20°C for specimen storage.
This temperature range may be established from either the freezer
L-Aspartate 100 mmol/L
manufacturer’s specifications or your laboratory standard operating
procedure(s) for specimen storage.
REAGENT HANDLING AND STORAGE NOTE: Stored specimens must be inspected for particulates. If present,
Reagent Handling mix and centrifuge the specimen to remove particulates prior to testing.
Remove air bubbles, if present in the reagent cartridge, with a new
applicator stick. Alternatively, allow the reagent to sit at the appropriate
storage temperature to allow the bubbles to dissipate. To minimize
volume depletion, do not use a transfer pipette to remove the bubbles.
CAUTION: Reagent bubbles may interfere with proper detection of
reagent level in the cartridge, causing insufficient reagent aspiration
which could impact results.
Reagent Storage
Unopened reagents are stable until the expiration date when stored
at 2 to 8°C.
Reagent stability is 30 days if the reagent is uncapped and onboard.

2
PROCEDURE RESULTS
Materials Provided Refer to the instrument-specific operations manual for information on
results calculations.
7D81 AST Reagent Kit
• ARCHITECT System Operations Manual—Appendix C
Materials Required but not Provided • AEROSET System Operations Manual—Appendix A
• Control Material Representative performance data are given in the EXPECTED VALUES
• Saline (0.85% to 0.90% NaCl) for specimens that require dilution and SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS sections of this
Assay Procedure package insert. Results obtained in individual laboratories may vary.
For a detailed description of how to run an assay, refer to Section 5 of LIMITATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE
the instrument-specific operations manual.
Refer to the SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND HANDLING and SPECIFIC
Specimen Dilution Procedures PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS sections of this package insert.
The ARCHITECT c Systems and the AEROSET System have automatic
dilution features; refer to Section 2 of the instrument-specific operations EXPECTED VALUES
manual for additional information.
Reference Range
Serum and Plasma: Specimens with AST values exceeding 913 U/L
(4,202 U/L for Flex Rate Linearity) are flagged and may be diluted using Serum/Plasma10
the Automated Dilution Protocol or the Manual Dilution Procedure.
Range (U/L)
Automated Dilution Protocol
If using the Automated Dilution Protocol, the system performs a dilution Adult 5 to 34
of the specimen and automatically corrects the enzyme activity value
It is recommended that each laboratory determine its own reference
by multiplying the result by the appropriate dilution factor. To set up the
range based upon its particular locale and population characteristics.
automatic dilution feature, refer to Section 2 of the instrument-specific
operations manual for additional information.
SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Manual Dilution Procedure Linearity
Manual dilutions should be performed as follows: AST is linear up to 913 U/L.
• Use saline (0.85% to 0.90% NaCl) to dilute the sample. Flex Rate Linearity is 4,202 U/L. To use Flex Rate Linearity, the
• The operator must enter the dilution factor in the patient or control operator must edit the linear high value to 4,202 on the appropriate
order screen. The system uses this dilution factor to automatically screen.
correct the enzyme activity value by multiplying the result by the • ARCHITECT c Systems—Configure assay parameters screen,
entered factor. Results view
• If the operator does not enter the dilution factor, the result must be • AEROSET System—Assay Configuration screen, Outline page
multiplied by the appropriate dilution factor before reporting the result.
Linearity was verified using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
NOTE: If a diluted sample result is flagged indicating it is less than the (CLSI) protocol NCCLS EP6-P.11
linear low limit, do not report the result. Rerun using an appropriate
dilution. Limit of Detection (LOD)
For detailed information on ordering dilutions, refer to Section 5 of the The LOD for AST is 2 U/L. The LOD is the mean concentration of
instrument-specific operations manual. an analyte-free sample + 2 SD, where SD = the pooled, within-run
standard deviation of the analyte-free sample. A study performed on an
CALIBRATION ARCHITECT c System and the AEROSET System produced an LOD for
AST is 0.9 U/L.
Calibration is stable for approximately 30 days (720 hours) and is
required with each change in reagent lot number. Verify calibration with Limit of Quantitation (LOQ)
at least two levels of controls according to the established quality control The LOQ for AST serum is 2.2 U/L. The LOQ is the analyte
requirements for your laboratory. If control results fall outside acceptable concentration at which the CV = 20%.
ranges, recalibration may be necessary.
A calibration factor must be entered. Refer to the ASSAY Interfering Substances
PARAMETERS section of this package insert for the specific factor. Interference studies were conducted using CLSI protocol NCCLS
• ARCHITECT c Systems—Configure assay parameters window, EP7-P.12 Interference effects were assessed by Dose Response and
Calibration view Paired Difference methods, at the medical decision level of the analyte.
• AEROSET System—Assay Configuration screen, Calibration page Interfering Interferent Concentration N Target Observed
For a detailed description of how to calibrate an assay, refer to Substance (U/L) (% of Target)
Section 6 of the instrument-specific operations manual.
30 mg/dL (513 μmol/L) 4 72.2 95.8
QUALITY CONTROL Bilirubin
60 mg/dL (1,026 μmol/L) 4 72.2 91.9
The following is the recommendation of Abbott Laboratories for quality
62 mg/dL (0.62 g/L) 4 64.5 105.7
control. As appropriate, refer to your laboratory standard operating Hemoglobin
procedure(s) and/or quality assurance plan for additional quality control 125 mg/dL (1.25 g/L) 4 64.5 111.6
requirements and potential corrective actions. 550 mg/dL (5.5 g/L) 4 69.0 95.4
• Two levels of controls (normal and abnormal) are to be run every Intralipid
24 hours. 625 mg/dL (6.25 g/L) 4 69.0 103.9
• If more frequent control monitoring is required, follow the established Bilirubin solutions at the above concentrations were prepared by
quality control procedures for your laboratory. addition of a bilirubin stock to human serum pools. Hemoglobin
• If quality control results do not meet the acceptance criteria solutions at the above concentrations were prepared by addition of
defined by your laboratory, patient values may be suspect. Follow hemolysate to human serum pools. Intralipid solutions at the above
the established quality control procedures for your laboratory. concentrations were prepared by addition of Intralipid to human serum
Recalibration may be necessary. pools.
• Review quality control results and acceptance criteria following a Interferences from medications or endogenous substances may affect
change of reagent lot. results.13

3
SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS BIBLIOGRAPHY
(Continued) 1. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical
Chemistry, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1994:790–1.
Precision
2. Friedman RB, Young DS. Effects of Disease on Clinical Laboratory
The imprecision of the AST assay is ≤ 4.6% Total CV. Representative
Tests. Washington, DC: AACC Press; 1989:3-38–3-41.
data from studies using CLSI protocol NCCLS EP5-A14 are summarized
below. 3. US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health
Administration. 29 CFR Part 1910.1030. Bloodborne Pathogens.
Control Level 1 Level 2 4. US Department of Health and Human Services. Biosafety in
N 80 80 Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, 5th ed. Washington,
Mean (U/L) 32.4 174.2 DC: US Government Printing Office, January 2007.
SD 0.36 0.61 5. World Health Organization. Laboratory Biosafety Manual, 3rd ed.
Within Run Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004.
%CV 1.1 0.4
6. Sewell DL, Bove KE, Callihan DR, et al. Protection of Laboratory
SD 0.24 0.32 Workers from Occupationally Acquired Infections; Approved
Between Run Guideline—Third Edition (M29-A3). Wayne, PA: Clinical and
%CV 0.8 0.2
Laboratory Standards Institute, 2005.
SD 0.53 0.96
Between Day 7. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical
%CV 1.6 0.6 Chemistry, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1994:795.
SD 0.68 1.18 8. Guder WG, Narayanan S, Wisser H, et al. List of analytes—preanalytical
Total variables. Annex In: Samples: From the Patient to the Laboratory.
%CV 2.1 0.7
Darmstadt, Germany: GIT Verlag; 1996:Annex 8–9.
Method Comparison 9. US Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. General notices. In: US
Pharmacopeia National Formulary, 1995 ed (USP 23/NF 18).
Correlation studies were performed using CLSI protocol NCCLS Rockville, MD: The US Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc; 1994:11.
EP9-A.15
10. Kaplan LA, Pesce AJ, editors. Clinical Chemistry Theory, Analysis,
Serum results from the AST assay on the AEROSET System were and Correlation, 3rd ed. St Louis, MO: CV Mosby; 1996:523.
compared with those from a commercially available NADH oxidation
methodology. 11. Passey RB, Bee DE, Caffo A, et al. Evaluation of the Linearity
of Quantitative Analytical Methods; Proposed Guideline (EP6-P).
Serum results from the AST assay on an ARCHITECT c System were Villanova, PA: The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory
compared with the AST assay on the AEROSET System. Standards, 1986.
AEROSET vs. ARCHITECT 12. Powers DM, Boyd JC, Glick MR, et al. Interference Testing in
Comparative Method vs. AEROSET Clinical Chemistry; Proposed Guideline (EP7-P). Villanova, PA: The
N 78 89 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1986.
Y - Intercept -1.815 7.726 13. Young DS. Effects of Drugs on Clinical Laboratory Tests, 4th ed.
Washington, DC: AACC Press; 1995:3-68–3-79.
Correlation Coefficient 0.999 1.000
14. Kennedy JW, Carey RN, Coolen RB, et al. Evaluation of Precision
Slope 0.893 0.943 Performance of Clinical Chemistry Devices; Approved Guideline
Range (U/L)* 4.3 to 317.4 U/L 13.2 to 2,972.2 U/L (EP5-A). Wayne, PA: The National Committee for Clinical
*AEROSET Range Laboratory Standards, 1999.
15. Kennedy JW, Carey RN, Coolen RB, et al. Method Comparison and
Bias Estimation Using Patient Samples; Approved Guideline (EP9-A).
Wayne, PA: The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory
Standards, 1995.

TRADEMARKS
The ARCHITECT c System family of instruments consists of c 4000,
c 8000, and c 16000 instruments.
AEROSET, ARCHITECT, c 4000, c 8000, c 16000, c System, and
SmartWash are trademarks of Abbott Laboratories in various
jurisdictions.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.

Abbott Laboratories ABBOTT

Abbott Park, IL 60064 USA Max-Planck-Ring 2
65205 Wiesbaden
Germany
304410/R1 +49-6122-580

4
ARCHITECT c SYSTEMS ASSAY PARAMETERS

Aspartate Aminotransferase Serum/Plasma—Conventional and SI Units

Configure assay parameters — General Configure assay parameters — SmartWash

● General о Calibration о SmartWash о Results о Interpretation о General о Calibration ● SmartWash о Results о Interpretation
Assay: AST Type: Photometric Version: † Assay: AST
Number: 1023
COMPONENT REAGENT / ASSAY WASH Volume Replicates
● Reaction definition о Reagent / Sample о Validity checks R1 AMIK9 Detergent A 345 1
Reaction mode: Rate down
R1 DIG00 Detergent A 345 1
Primary Secondary Read times
R1 VANCO Detergent A 345 1
Wavelength: 340 / 380 Main: 21 – 33
R1 GENT9 Detergent A 345 1
Last required read: 33 Flex: 17 – 22
R1 TOBRA Detergent A 345 1
Absorbance range: 0.4000 – 1.5000 Color correction: 14 – 16
R1 DGT0B Detergent A 345 1
Sample blank type: None
R2 AMIK9 Detergent A 345 1
R2 DIG00 Detergent A 345 1
о Reaction definition ● Reagent / Sample о Validity checks R2 VANCO Detergent A 345 1
R1 R2 R2 GENT9 Detergent A 345 1
Reagent: AST00 Reagent volume: 160 40 R2 TOBRA Detergent A 345 1
Diluent: Saline Water volume: ___ ___ R2 DGT0B Detergent A 345 1
Diluent dispense mode: Type 0 Dispense mode: Type 0 Type 0 Cuvette Trig 10% Detergent B 345
Diluted Default
Dilution name Sample sample Diluent Water Dilution factor dilution Configure assay parameters — Results
STANDARD : 5.3 ___ ___ ___ = 1:1.00 ● о General о Calibration о SmartWash ● Results о Interpretation
_________ : ___ ___ ___ ___ = о Assay: AST Assay number: 1023
_________ : ___ ___ ___ ___ = о Dilution default range: Result units: U/L
Low-Linearity: 3‡‡
о Reaction definition о Reagent / Sample ● Validity checks High-Linearity: 913
Reaction check: End Subtraction Gender and age specific ranges:
A B GENDER AGE (UNITS) NORMAL EXTREME
Read time: 1 – 1 2–2 Either 0 – 130 (Y) 5 – 34
Calculation limits: 0.0001 – 9.9999
Rate linearity %: 10
Configure result units
Configure assay parameters — Calibration Assay: AST
Version: †
о General ● Calibration о SmartWash о Results о Interpretation Result units: U/L
Assay: AST Calibration method: Factor Decimal places: 0 [Range 0 – 4]
Factor: ‡
Correlation factor: 1.0000
● Calibrators о Volumes о Intervals о Validity checks Intercept: 0.0000
Calibrator set: Calibrator level: Concentration:
None Blank: Water 0

Replicates: 3 [Range 1 – 3]

о Calibrators ● Volumes о Intervals о Validity checks

Calibrator: Diluted
Calibrator level Sample sample Diluent Water
Blank: Water 5.3 ___ ___ ___

о Calibrators о Volumes ● Intervals о Validity checks

Calibration intervals:
Full interval: 720 (hours)

о Calibrators о Volumes о Intervals ● Validity checks

Blank absorbance range: _____ – _____

† Due to differences in instrument systems and unit configurations, version numbers may vary.
‡ The calibration factor for c 4000 and c 8000 is 8141; the calibration factor for c 16000 is 8492.
‡‡ The linear low value (Low-Linearity) is LOQ rounded up to the number of decimal places defined in the decimal places parameter field.

5
AEROSET SYSTEM ASSAY PARAMETERS

Aspartate Aminotransferase Serum/Plasma—Conventional and SI Units

Assay Configuration: Outline Page
Assay Name Assay # Line
AST 23 A-Line
Quantitative Ranges
Min Text Min Panic-L L-Reference-H Panic-H Max Max Text
* 0.0* 0.0 5 34 0.0 0.0* *
3** L-Linear Range-H 913
Reference Ranges*
Age Male Female
0 Year 0.0 – 0.0 0.0 – 0.0
0.0 – 0.0 0.0 – 0.0
0 Year
0.0 – 0.0 0.0 – 0.0
0 Year 0.0 – 0.0 0.0 – 0.0
Qualitative Ranges N/A

Assay Configuration: Base Page

Reaction Mode Wavelength-Prim/Sec Read time-Main/Flex Linearity%
RATE DOWN 340 / 380 21 – 33 / 17 – 22 10
Sample Blank Test Blank Read Time Abs Window Abs Limits
_____ ( ___ ) 0–0 14 – 16 0.4 – 1.5
S.Vol DS.Vol D.Vol W.Vol
Standard 5.3 0.0 0 0 Rgt Name/Pos
Dil 1 5.3 0.0 0 0 Diluent: _____ _ – __*
Dil 2 5.3 0.0 0 0 Type# 0
Rgt Name/Pos R.Vol W.Vol Type#
Reagent 1 AST0061 – ___* 160 0 0
Reagent 2 AST0052 – ___* 40 0 0
Reaction Check Read Time – A/B Range Minimum
END SUB 1–1/2–2 0.0001 – 9.9999 0.0
Factor/Intercept Decimal Places Units
1.0 / 0.0 0 U/L

Assay Configuration: Calibration Page

Calib Mode Factor Interval (H)
Factor 8141.0 720
Blank/Calib Replicates Span Span Abs Range
3/0 BLK – 1 0.0 – 0.0
Sample S.Vol DS.Vol D.Vol W.Vol BLK Abs Range
BLK Water 5.3 0.0 0 0 0.0 – 0.0
C1 2.0 0.0 0 0 Cal Deviation
C2 2.0 0.0 0 0 0.0

Assay Configuration: SmartWash Page

Rgt Probe
Reagent Wash Vol
DIG0051 AlkW 345
DIG0012 AlkW 345
AMIK941 AlkW 345
AMIK942 AlkW 345
VANCO51 AlkW 345
VANCO52 AlkW 345
TOBRA41 AlkW 345
TOBRA42 AlkW 345
DGT0B11 AlkW 345
DGT0B12 AlkW 345
Cuvette
Assay Name Wash Vol
— — —
Sample Probe
Wash
—

Refer to Assay Configuration in Section 2 of the AEROSET System Operations Manual for information regarding assay parameters.
* User defined or instrument defined.
** The linear low value (L-Linear Range) is LOQ rounded up to the number of decimal places defined in the decimal places parameter field.