as, | | wR Ce L SHUBHAM UPADHYAY Rho mimata Velue!— te Ls dn ba pare wry’ Lmbertant “to make 9 obistinet- kotireen numbers, WES ere thact anol Hhete whlch em phess PPA wi hate Velie Far epample mumber 3,13,1/ e4e~ oue wack No. because there <1 No Apprprimathig Gn certainty” ass etiotesd asith them . Orr the oder dioka, the number T, Vi ---» appears tr be eronet but Haag Cam nod bs enPhassead exaemy- by Anite ne of cligiks. ase Me ean be eppretsecl ag ayia, Vedyr -- hespedt vely@ wich ane appaorimaHty ty be tine values ond hence ane catleck Spprenimede numbas 0 abpronimate values of He Ns. ta Err si— The measure value is equat ty the Tne valued. minus approni mate velo and Le ss cated the ie Em aroler + detaming 42 aceuraey in an xpproni mete Solushn tr 9 Problem, eMher we finol The heunoh of Value , a _ Ler) Relotre ear = hue ve! al \ ¢ % x ey on Abselute ema = | Mer] Agptectinge a blunclerz on mMGbake, tha Weare mag bR ctarstfieel inte the following Tybee! GQ) Inherent’ Ermek!— The inherent emnan. 4 shat’ grantity™. us hPed: 45 wendy Pact in jhe Stabement of #he Parblery before, Tes Selict2n. inher enert aaiyes erthin clue te 7he simp fierl re. mathematteat Femulattay ? PR the. Prysttae Meas urctrenks oo he ass umbHtas in Problem a due. Pe cere. Paramasrs Scanned with CamScanner of he Poohlem- { @* ‘Quits okWr Poa = off Evrar rant — The Ascot off canara R jwhres must be Ooldlecl to the » Representathay Ka 9 Compiteal numba in ander y,. ° ib He Bur AepresentaHtn of tak Pum be. s \ The Fotressing ne. are. eumoleal: off fr too clecinal Places. j briver oleetmal ns. 0-887 \ £37243 F99sge} Rownal- af - no. 0-89 5-37 G0 | fy ne Truncatliy Errersi— The Atineatl) enrer + tre, tee Quantity? T, whreb must be addeol + t \ Representa 4 He. quent ty Po arcler that FAR, Resusr be eractty” runt to He Quantity we me, Seaking be formed Trundatlty erat oecurs, Who) Some Hig ihe Prom ho Mumberg are Les Caroleol Absolute Ext — let x be the eros Value of euantity cnc! x! be Tes eppronimate value at | abtitnest by measurement 01 Caleta , Hrontre numeritot tif feame [x-x'] & cotteol He . ahbsetube Crier in x’. Atso the hipfrence, Xow! Colieot tre Mar to x’. Hus . Emoeh Velie = &PPTer mate vreliee + Mer_ Retative wrart— The Rebatine errer im x’ 4s dlefineot ar the * ahsolube war Wwreol by | the Cpaok vrluc. of the Jlanthity that be Relobind \ i ' | i Mur tn ate pal] aia J Scanned with CamScannerat he. feletne, Unrar mulipleol by loo ie. Percembong & enar fe Ma, Aelotive, man. | a C/ | epMessead ty Pertentoa.d thicg He. fi | Pergenting @ Crna tnx! = too JAI Four HPreanh Ligitee aud delemine abtelute frolative anol Pereontng & enrer 27 eaek Case. 1 Bolt The Ma 799782. Aremol- off to Fours, Syppsficomt oligits 4s 793 po9 | Hee %=°799792. als 799800 Ab Setute Car in x! a [x-xt | 2Ip Retovre ertar xl - / = 220% Jo- Perventnge war - — = Joe K Rela re Crrer_ i = 2as xo Rice = 2a xine The Ms. 21-7 4093 Bey g ino) ~ fo Four. Prank oly 4s 21-74 wo Seats HE 2y-72UU9R: KIA QNPY . Prbsotube Car = J x-a'] ¥ [2 bruhge- 2074 | = 0 e0ugp Scanned with CamScanner eye Gtan t— the Pereentoae ertar in x7 i defred | ; , |petatne te. 2 fEY 0:0049% pean 2N2YAI B = 22K 104 v Perentagé earan, = 160% Relative emer loo x 2-25 «1077 ~ 2 v = 2-29KI0 ee a® y 0332 41 HL apProminate mune fe enol tha ebtetute Quol Retedre Pertentag & ennan. Bese ene epaor Value. asd PPD wimake Value x!= 0-392 "Absolute enrar = | x-x!/ = |[$-0333] 933222723 4:35.33] 0-000 3733232 oo S3338 Kerb em e | 010003239232 ' : 0-33333m = 0-20) eerie Una = Lelathre ener x Ie a atl ‘ Scanned with CamScanner 4fLELeHA) MNetheot .~ cy 1@ Pinot tre Aeot Ve hetuweon tha eg ually XR ge y els het fexra x3. x= dy Pek x2 0)1,2,3 . 2-0 tt Aeguine al, feds =4 Fl = Po y-4 o = -4 (ive) a fery2 2h ay Be 2-y = 2 Ge) Pub He Yolue. op x te Frnok Last Cire) ancl lesb (tive) ia First OpProrimatltn fo tre Root No WJ a dlr) = (rs°- 1 S-% = — 2 las 2 C-ive) So tha heot Ge hebieo % #2 The Sleonoh appranimaHan op bet aye MAZ _ beer 2 or cS Zz aa = hI flay = C7? - bas-G 2 -az90e Fee the fret Ves bw %, @ 2. wwe BIR CL ath 2 = 27S~ ‘ sz he 7S (sows Scanned with CamScannera | flea = Chars) — bsre-4 « = a rl7 (Hre) N The Avot be bfig bIF F Re V7S be b8 I> a aq aga 8A Frere) = (react 1:8125- Y i = lyse (+e) i Bo He Purct es 1758 %q Ase [R12 basy baler Ay > => 1:7812S— zg fra) = (ryan) bogey = 701296 (Ne) SS A Scanned with CamScannerJ@ ys aaeszo ’ j far> rhear @ / for= -s F(2)2-/ gore 6 AF NE Horefoe Arotiret bfa 243 the erst “pp ty the Aeot %G 2 oa a f= finer = Cas)3— 2 (a5) £0 = o-¢ar(tive) ~ gta Bre Wes bfa 2 7 7 gus BED 2S 2 par x S ther fos C29%. 2 ary-o = 1P%0 (+e) So tha Rect Ves bfy 2 | 2-27 Moe 2429 Lf 4s a = z frre fers @1)3- 29 lanes = O-sus7 C+ived Se dhe Anat Wes bf 2 & 2.J25— Zt2I2AS _ ypp a = Xo = 2. 0¢25~ flrs) 2 FO2 ooo) * -2XC2-0¢ar)- 5 SR IA Bedae | So the Reet bres bg 2-0625 F aia < xy = Zeeact ae ° a = 2094 iene) eee fds a3-2%- . y Duo fiere - Flere m1 f= —6 F302 dE So the Arot Wes bf 2.43 ler ana flay> -) be 3 flr 16 boy He Farmuly op Regeln falsi mett-oh, aya Aft) = bFOD | ftor- FO) x, 2 26 = 309 Tort = 3243 = 35 2 2-0fe2 ~ 1 — 1? oa fC20582) > (20522 )3- 2K(20889) =z 0-3 3/05— | a> 2-ocag Fle) = 0-39}05 . ke 2 2.0593 (16) - 3(-9 390) . i, 16+ 6°39D) — D.0010 7a ff (20813) = (2-0719)* 20 2.08)3) = ~o0-/469 ' A> 22-0813 fla)= -o0-l4g9 Xo 2 (2 08ls)I6- 3(- 0-1 G9) ees 16+ 0.1068 X32 2-0897 $f (20997) = (2-0897)% 2x (2.0797) -- > -«a-or4o G> 2.0297 ft) > -0-0S%o X ys (2-089) 16- 2 (-0-0svo) 16+ a-0S540 = 2-0929 fla 0928) = (20928)% 2K(2-0928)- > = 6-0/9 G2 20929 fla = ~ 0-019 —~ Xe = C2929) 16-3 (-e-orr) Tex erase a 2-094 aaa i Scanned with CamScannerE ee 9 reserire | { pror 23-92] flo) >! pre F 7 " fare-7 ft > | pence. He bev Ges bfio oo. \ asa bet | fine -9 frre! aq fle) - b Fa) On ee fir Fe) : = 20)-3ty j Hhrefore He Arch Wer fo 2-9 qa fray > (293 902-3) +1 a TOT ara-y fee —97 | ae asl) - 3 (07) ! 25 Dts 1- (-07") t = 2-94le f C-auig) = Ques d (2-216) +/ = 10 .012ey, a= 2-9416 fla) = —%:020> Scanned with CamScannerF (2-323 ) a (2942999, . Ix (2-9 vae)ry — 0008 az F i 2-9yag tad > 6-003 Ry = Cz-9423)) - 3-0-0082) — I +0008 = 2-342 4-009 ee Foe0g > 2.9429 —*»—.. DMeten Rephien meta oh_ [Aap ng \ \ | | ! Viz be Feat. Places ob ateermet. New fen Raphsro methrol. Let Re VT x oo aoe 3 x%1290 Ler fede 271% SUKI2 2 CB I forza fe) = TI2. FQ play tras 4 Scanned with CamScannerHence tha Avot (es fo 28y By Hae. Formula va Newt Rophsoo 4 Ant = My - fxm) 5 .. f (xn) Pu n20 as Kor Fr) tias) Xr 2s Sethe fryrut Meratlog ey 2 ase [Cat 2 ' —_—_—_—_ 203-5) = 3:4643 ee Setand appromimateng il token a \ 3.4643 Caen? al 2C3ucva) Xe. 2 3464) ee fava ~ Le ot] 6-4x5 4314-001 6 448 546 poet Scanned with CamScannera4ia-920 : fre a4a-9 fleas Ua I ; U Fe 79 f (rsd= (ry 2 bo. 9 f(D 1-2-3 = F437 = 23 girs) > atrsyi-) Root re bf 18 2_ = 12-S— A, a Xe ~ Ft) fem) = |G fo kez [ I2S aS ie f lrass) = (99 Cr) 9.5 3-084 ot pica? = 4 ¢ressy3-s i = 27-980 YH tt Noe Mn Fer) i F'n ki = |135 = 3084 ij 22-980 | = eee | Lop ge8) = CRE (92-9 > 6-268) . fi (raed = A(paes) I 2 23.314 : Xz 2 Igas~ 0-268) . 28-314 Scanned with CamScannerb qI@® ah sata 9 ve ws flays raharay FOI > | Caivey fF > =) (-Pvey Xor ae tiaos ax 4 Flo) ~ Cory3_ Brera : = SEF -o.25 PON) sxe syha . @2ar) Xp 2 ke- Fy tol f'lxJ h O- 3229 . fp Fla-2323) = = (ssnaj2 3% (6-3333) 4) = S03 7045-9 , f'(0-3399) = 3X (0222922 = Ul 2666723) Mom. 6-3999 — 2108709 (2.866732) > 6-847 2_, "Scanned with CamScannerfxd > x4 gg F012 bad) fy2-3 \F reds Ory his. 5 F(2I> 16-2- 5 = 23 Fo Susy Rook re bfo le 2, Hon = wou = It A, 2 6 - Ft) fils) = Ie- 54370 Dery: = eae 3 f bra9s) 2 935" Chass) -9 = 3-0B4 el pera: 4 Cressy > 27-980 a, — FO) f' (rd = q25 — Ko = 3-084 22-980 \ = 13257 f (1-225) = Cy (-825)- 3) ) = 6-268) | 3 \ ( fi (1920 = A(pa2es) 1 2 23-319 \ Xz 2 bear £268) py 23-314 7 Scanned with CamScanner(i , | I® a23atlro ; firre waar) flor> 1 (tire) f2 -] (-Pre) Xor oe fies gata flor) = Coro. Brort] = ese - 0:37 Filed 2x0 JX 2 = (225) ps kee FOO FIO) i son bevy — ar (-2-2-5) — 09-3332 $(o-3333) = (e302) 3X (0.2329) 4) = 06:63 704S9 | "4 '(0-3399) = 3X (o-3339*~2 | > —( 2606732) Mo zp 6-3332 — L10870S9 - (2-666737) >= 6-307 2. Scanned with CamScanner