GRAPE (Vitis vinifera)

Information of grape:

 Grape is a fruit that is processed from fruit eggs in the form of vines that belong to the
Vitaceae family. This fruit is usually used to make grape juice, jelly, wine, grapeseed oil, and
raisins, or eaten directly.

Habitats:

 Grapes are plants that live in lowland areas. Unlike most other plants, grapevines need a
long dry season, ranging from 4-7 months, to grow properly and the intensity of sunlight is
quite high. The rainfall needed by this plant is only 800 mm per year. Therefore, excessive
watering can interfere with the fertilization process. The temperature for maximum growth
is 31 C and the minimum temperature is 23 C with air humidity ranging from 75-80%.

Characteristic:

 The grape is usually a woody vine, climbing using tendrils (modified branches) and when
untrained often reaching a length of 17 metres (56 feet) or more. In arid regions it may form
an almost erect shrub. The edible leaves are alternate, palmately lobed, and always tooth-
edged.

Benefits of grapes:

 Grapes have many health benefits because they contain various types of secondary
metabolites, especially flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as resveratrol. Other studies
have revealed that the active compounds in grapes can increase the work of endothelial cells
which play a role in improving blood flow in the arteries related to their activity on smooth
muscle cells. Through this mechanism, the risk of having a heart attack can be reduced. In
addition, grapes also contain many antioxidant compounds whose working power is stronger
than vitamin C and vitamin E. In the body, wine flavonoid compounds can increase the
production of good fats (HDL) while reducing triglycerides circulating in the blood.

Fun fact:

 There are more than 60 species of grapes in the world which are further divided into 8,000
varieties.
 Spanish explorers were the first to bring and introduce wine to the Americas in the early
17th century.

Link: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape#Distribution