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r bl \ ,-1:
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(28)

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(30) Fp = 0.9 Fy

(31) Fp =0.28 Fec

f r-î

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j l ~ -L.!Jj ~)\ rL:.JJ\ ,,\.;..,JJ'
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(60) Y' , ~I ~..c.l' Weld

Fillet Weld

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Plug and
SlotWeld
(Faying Surfaces)

iY
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(34) fil + ~ +.!t:L $ 1.0

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(36) Cm = 085

.:; (Rotational Restrained) 4,i1))JJi -W ~+j '-.k~J.\ ~~SJ (r)

~ jL<:'} ~LR.. .:..~::: ~ / ~; ~ rJ~ JU:J"l1 ..t..:;. ~\ ,JS"l r

Li

: .J<ll "JL,..,> (Cm)

(37)

, , /.' /" . , ,
b; ~r }M1!M2( W :J",..:N) .~l.:.?'i~ iSY--" J ~'..I.I yy J~)\ .--­
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.(Single Cuualure)

<')

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(39) Cm = 1.00

la .(,lu (34) ,L!..!., J

0.6F y Q .

: (Axial Tension and Bending) .~':!I) I$:~~'.J..':.!I y/rh.

(41 ) fa .~+~s1.0
FI Fb' Fby

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('~/:.J) '''1

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d?~~? ~;J.l! e-"_'_" ,(Nominal Body Area, ",)

,(t)~) J)~\.J

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2 1
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2 2
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i .:,S r- ~1 ...:...\...i.p\.f.l 'r \A.)~
~Ud! ~I.J! C:-" J}l! ~i
207 -1.31,0::159 1! (ASTM -A502) <,5ft' 'JI ,.:.Ai.",' yJJ

.G?- ~II oLi.,.:.\,i\ ,"r" tJ..)~ L. ~f

il 262 -1.3fv <: 200 (ASTM ·A502) <,5ft' 'Y' "-'LL...oI~

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(.p) ,(FunV - Tightened) j.olSJl! h J-L!.\I a.,J)11 .1:"1.....JJ •iJ~':I1 J,-\I .\..!JI ,,..1..1"

U.\loll
. ... J \AlI LJW\
- LJ)11
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. .1'1" WI JUI J'lA..
JI ASTM-A490;;.s'.1:"':/1 u....\yoJJ ASTM-A325 ;;.s'.1:"':1 1u,.,lyoJJ ..,J)1\
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( )
,

67 53 13
107 85 :
16
156 125 19
218 174 22
285 227 1 25
356 249 29
454 316 32
539 378 35
,

658 1
458 : 38

(Limlting Sienderness Ratio) ;ijbd 1 A.,-...; ~ JJ? t it

:(Compression Members) ,-'_-"b~' "L.;,s.)'1 ~ ,1 t 1t

,(200) Y <..,.<jl ,..L...o l,.."-< ). (200)

:(Tension Members) i, )-W-.J "L.;,s.<J, ~ I! 1t

L> ~ ; W ...L..:JI .; .;J '-".,.lI (Rods) J~I .!.lI; v ~.' , (300)

j~'11 tU;j1 .J ""'" ..;} J..>..:l ~ .J.i J.!v JI <,;L..;.;'1 I L..a;-':!1

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.:J.y...,;.ll .L.;,s.)u .,.,..JI ~
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: (Joint Translation) ~\ JL...i;;," J..P ~I yt,.l.1 (!)

~J J;» cf' .,eiL!,1 Le )o.&... 1 ~ .;i' JS'L,...J\ C;) "'-' L ; f..J,1 c;

l:c.. Ji } ,r:; "IJ..G. Ji )1 .,,).j ~ .,.........w- Jj r-1)1~ ~~

. i;c.".; J.,.,I ;;.;t5:...1

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0) )
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. pLJ,IJ f .JI li..

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,}>- '<;\";';1 J,Jli ,i~~ ;J. yW:.\\ ,l..:...<-)IJ (KI) Jl...ill J).J'

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:(Unstiffened Compression Elements) ;;',..;li ;:,i- ;U, yW:.\' r"WI (1)

,~I /':11 ..l',,..JI ~ l,)l,... (b) ..l',,..Ji

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.,,lS0\

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~ P ~~J.:S:lî y,? &t~.i~ ~I,,;l\) <') ~J Jj..îJ:..'. Y. yi ::JJ.;L~

4)...,-i- "-:>- .(Osl ~I ,,\...L<o 4) )J..i.>, \..Ii ;:~! .;.1'4->'1!

:'.JIJ-I J.,k..:i w"..) <,Jl.::ii ,,;,,':!.>WI.;r j.Wlll.

:(Single Angles) ;,,;.il ~'J}J *

(42) Os = 1,34 -O.0017(bjl)j';

- îo ­
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:(Girders) <,..."r JI

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(44) as =1.293 0.00118 (b/t)JFy/kc

J ~ ,460/.JF; > dit> 330/JF~ J;;:'; ,~=

(46) as = 1.908 - o 0027 (d/t).JF;

• 1 ; 1
.(1"") ,(1 r{olt) </.,..,i
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·('ri0) ,t~i '~l ~ F,

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. (hl!) 0.46
1.0 ~ k, 4...,i J;;:';
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t -UI l.,(1....Q' JI
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2.00 <: 0.50 <: (G) jr­ ~

1.25 s 0.50 s (T) j r ~ J.<- ~! d'Lill

1,10 <; 0.50 s (T) j r- ~ J-" l.:.iJ..u! d'WJ

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: (Local Flange Bending) ~ ~i .L:.i':il

)\),1 JI j\),1 !..\ ..~ .;,JI ('~I) .,..:vJ' ;.!li, Js- "yi) ~ è"" ~
~I:;} ,.wJj ;...;.ril~)t ;\),I} )\),Ili..W oU;LilI ~\:;~)l

~;,) .wJj ;...;.ri l c.',",,1 ~)t )\)" J Î j\),1 '-'..:J ./P:ll C~ "-l, Lill
:j" (1,,) o~\ <\A..!. ;;SLe- JZ \..=

(75) lie;:' 0.4 ~Pb'

Fye

,(',..,./0) t.~! ,\.pc) ~ F,e

<,J""'" ".rJl rJLil! J-""l1 C) )1 '-'..:JI :êa-Iy, ;;J o..4.J1 ;.r-iJ1 Pb'

"" ) :y.. JL>-I j" ;J;l; <,.r->"I ; ~i ~L> b: (1.67) __:

J :y.. JL>-Î j " ;J;t; <'.r->"I i ~I ..::.JL> i;1 (1.33) ---< } ,.h.i>

·U"';) dj'1} JI C4} .:\..~I Ji ,,;L;,'!L ""

J'Lill j,.--::l\ J}o .jL> b) ",....1')Ç..ill (75) ;;J,W\ ~ i))o~ '1 J

<\A..!. ~;,.f <,>JW (b) ~ ,(0.15 b) ,y Ji! '.,....Ji ~ .f.r-" .W"

.,.,...JI

: (Compression Buckling of the Web) .hi.;,J1 j " é:'UI ; ft"ll .b\k,'

;...;.ri' ;.L.;;'II )l; J Js- Cl)} §.;., ,; , r" P .,~l t NI e::----" f

:;l.,oj\ ~' 0L> I;! ,.hi.;,J1 '-'..:J ;J.1 Lil' ~' Js- ;ft" .r' JL>-" 4->L.i...-:.

:,y ;:SI â~l, (<!c) '.,...JI;p-};

- ït ­
(76)
10800
de> _ __ .jF;
t!c J.....;O­
Pbl

'(i""),,~lipJ;;S'1.:" = Iwc
(J_~) ,Ç)I p l - Pb'

: (Rotational restraint) ,)1 U.JJI ' •• " , Ihll

i.,..:-l\ ..::..o1$.L,l1 J ~ . ..::..0 1$.L,l \ vi t

(Simple and Continuous Spans)

:(Simple Span) :;J.,....JI ..;.,~l,!' \ Iv It

J\.lJ1 4s-~ J;' (.) ~ ,~I ..;.,I;l,ll ..::.;1; ..::.;~ MI J (.)I.r-J,I ~ =

...,.).JI u.wl , J>J ~ .;,JI .w....':1\ ~ Pf c-"" ;i.;L.....J.l ~JL..,.

: (Continuous Span) •.,..:-11 ..::.;1;l,!1 'Ivlt

,1.4 <.L...:l1 .w....':II e;l-tA.. J ..::.;~,MI J <,.....,l)1 .:J1.r-J,1 J (.)I.r-J,I r""""; t""
(Full or Partial End Restraint) ..,Jj,l,1 .y::ll } r\::J1.y::ll J'I.;"';I -'"--'"
J.;- ,:y .iWI ..::>~l,!1 } Y.i"'" i r:-ll )i ; r:-ll ..::.;~L,JI J' e'U! 4'!).'::I

,..sr':l! ..syiJ! ~ J! uw.~l: ";1.;.11 ;).;-\1 J...rüll..s; ~ I..ti J"L...!

hl 1) .,.,JI ~ y. 1.4 c..,.....J1 .!.IJ.; J' ;J.;.; a,! = ,,::,;"4>.-')1 .J.,; :ii ,}s­
.tJ-..::.;1A ~I ~ "J\;!:;....')I ..::>:iLl-I ~ C) ~J .;,,,s:J\ .h Cl' (\
..;.,~}I .1.i"'"Î ~ (Self-limlting) l,,;1;' ;,..I.......PI (Non-elastic) L..i~1

.J (Qverstressing) '.l!\) ..::.;1'4>.-1 J".- ~ l,J).r"' .!,il;' .:J,ç... 1.,.=

.(Fasteners) ~I)I
 (Deflection and Ponding) ~iJl ~J ~ )1 A; t

: (Deflection) ~ ;JI \ 1AI t

J 01pJ,-1 ~ J,;s. )t.;;..~1 :) '.. .·Ii Ju-Iyl J' c'W\ ~ ;JI -,-"i ~ (Î)

.j yi-J' J ""' ~)Su ;..vUI <,.-.,:)1 01pJ,-1

~..:....,.; (4-"L,,) L'J\...oi.:J jyi-J ;..vUI <,.-.,:)1 ,)I),~IJ 01pJ,-\ ~ (y)

t \Ji (/ (1/360) J' .b..U y..1 Ju-'I" J' c'Wi ~ ;JI -"1.;;

, J.l!-~ I..w. f'--- ~ ?J Lu.. ...1;< j l , J.l!-I r\~1 ~I J'-4l\.)s- (C)

:~' 'i Jl!J.1 J,- .)s- <.,)W\

(FyxL/5516)J'..rJ)I )LJ,I JI ;LJ,I ~ J-...i,,~ .::i

"''c'i ;' I.;;JI.,...)..
~ ~ ' I..-Y'"l
-:.u;,.
J
,~U\ .1.1• . c.L-.:;
L' '"",- "=".,!
(L)...::...-..,..
w

(" 1:,: loi ..., cr-l\ (Fully Stressed) ~Iy\ .l!-I ,yJ-"'I

'4>-1 # ~ ,,~! 1...\ cr"}1 WI J' ~I #

.1...\ ~I # (" JI ~I ~ .I.:.i'i\
~ 1 (Purlins) j ~\ c:AoIL..... ..;~I J..-Z':i ,)1 •
.l!-I ,yJ-"'I '4>- ~I t); ;;JI.,.. :) ..!LJ;) ,(Fy x L/6895)
<;.,.:-.1' j yi-J\ ..::..1011. ,-:.u;, (/ ,;i=--!J ..., Cr-l' ~lyl
. (Flat Roofs)

:(Ponding) ,t,l.\ e:-4 y 1AI t

.blA1):yt.> J"",:,;')j" C,k.-Ji t.,.,l:J;:V JI ""W.. \ I~ ~ (i)

<il' ' c,k.-JI •.\.. .)s- .l,ll e:-4 c:J. <,-u.. j JL,.... } i.r J<r"
e:-4 ~ (/ ;yw..;~1 ..;.Li5') ~; rlk J'~I (/ ..l5"WI
 Cp +O.9C, ~ 1.58 '10·

(78) C. = 32 S, Ls 4/107 l,

'(r) ,(:;.,...,:)1 ,\...0..<.\11 J.,k) ~)I ;!J,.I .1.;',1 .j ......\11 -",L,; _ Lp

'(,<f!!ll ,\...0..<.\11 J.,k) ~)I ;!J,.I ,I.;',I c: -"'~ ,I.;',I .j ,,,,,,,,\II -"'L,....;' _ L.

'(r)

'(r) '''jl!ll ,U...,>,I -",L,; _ s.

,('r) ,:;.,...,:JI ,\...o..<.~ :U\k."h r:r - Ip
.('r) '"jl!ll ,\...o..<.~ :Uu...J1
t:r _ l,
'(rl'r) ,,<jWI ,\...o..<.\ly ',~I ,,;')''''''1 ~.;~ :Uu...J1 r:r _ Id

1;1.")I....p1 ~I ü')',WI .j U~I = ;uLl~ (15) ;""':'(1,) '-; flZ! ..;-1.:-<)

fr'Û) ,(Trusses and JoiSls) .iiI))) ..:;U p ,J' u.,....s:... ~I rL.);J 015'

.\...0..<.\11 Js- 'roI.,- ~,L:::...I = "fL: .\...o..<.t (Steel Decks) ",')''''''1 ..::.>t,......;.;\l1
,:;.,...,:JI

<::,lI Ju-\l1 .:/ <i.WI) "jl!ll) :;""":)1 ,\...0..<.\11 ,\.:il "-''>4>.-l C.,...<;- -4; ')'1 ~ (y)

'4>.-I,J' ;ully (80) .:/ "l,ll ~ .:/ <i.UI Ju-\lI J ,..:;.h- J,Il ,t,J-1 Ju-l,!1 )
<sj.:/ <i.WI.::-'>4>.-),\ r"' JI:t...L,. 1..I .:;......,i) . r~1 ;'')').;)1 (F,) c~
'J~')'\'; .l,ll ~"';l; .1>.~ ("S'.iJ1 ,,\..:;.J'il J,k.:ll ,'1 Jj')')! } c.Î!)I
-w
t~ :r "" F ",Î ....., (~) ';\..!J)'I }..;."J) <dl,;;.)'1 :c.-WI,~ (i)

J5:l JU:-)'I (Widlh) v".,..JI .:; (Thickness) :o'\......J\ y.? J...>k­

t: ..vLdI .l4'i4 L-li. ~I JJ ~ ,,:..>:1: r"WI :r .:r--=
"Jr
4JL-.?.:" t"""; ~)\........ (Angle) "JI}J JU:-)"I v".,..JI;;~ (y)
.4=>'L:-" ..!lI:' :r k-);'"

y.? J...>k- t~:r (An) ';\..!J)'I ~ .,.,L.,..JI :c.-WI (i)

,~ "j:.\1 r"WI:r .r= J5:l .jL....!1 v"~' .j :o'l......-Ji

:.j< W .:;L.,..JI v".,..JI ~ J

.,....: )i (boit) y}ll ) ........\1 (Ho le) ~ v" ~ ;; ~ •

)1 y}1\ }_...\I ..,....i!l ,-"",'il ...,..I..WJ 4)\........ (rivet) rU pli
. ~ (3.2) <.)) 1';1..,;... rU pli

....j}1 Y yU-l1 )1 y r-WI :r ll.....LJ .:;L.,..JI v".,..JI ~ •

(p. ,,,.......,:...JI:r \.. <Y'" J.>- (.1"-' Ji "'~ .~4

Y"';";' ..:-L-li. t~ ;1 ,ll.....LJ1 y;; JLbii t~

JL.a,) <):.'..!lI.il J~)'I v"~I:r ' (Slots)'
:~, L.!....
,"n
4g;
[ ;.1
2j )..lil.1 t'!WI JI
1 Il

"" .r-Jl.4 "'WI .:/' pÜ) '<d}J1 (pitch) ;~! - S

.J.>. J.>- '-'li. ll.....LJ1 .:; .;r",J1..;... ~ ",1 :,> ,.....5/
.l44 (connectors) ",,)I..,i}lpl/ JI y,#1 ft'I/
~IJ}o

- ïA ­
Hl~ m.JI if P; J ,(gage)"-Pp l '....---w- i - 9

) î ..........
.~ .;~1\ r·<"1 yi"~.;; J u'l .b..kJ:-I.
,r-- .• if ·..Jb·~
\w_ u~
'''-J
I,..<~.

"W "JI)I .jL. ..? r ~ "JI)! (g) "-Pp l i.,w.1 ;...,-"';' J

.(1) ,,)1)' <>lr ,t~1 if C)."J dL. Y .J JI!I ~l ? /'

..s'lr ...".? "Wl...- if F (II",) ;;"".}-1 ..,.\..àll l.>-WI ...,.....i)
.J jw ".i J
u ;. J..... ~

1$ Î .;, J' if .J\..àll ....;,.-"" &'l' .!1l; LSlr Y.r"";"

.•W\,.J..,.;i..
\ \,~

: (Effeclive Net Area) <lt...iJ, ..,....JI l.>-WI 'r! ~I t

Jli:;1 .4 (11.) <lt...iJ1 ..,.\..àl\ l.>-WI) (An) ""\..àll l.>-W\ c> )L....c:i (i)
.r"l.;? if ..r""" Y JI "",>,,-,,Ifl J<J. Y .,..:.\,.- ~ JL-"YI

.;';"'}I Cl <>rJ-1 ,......ul

- . '­

Jt..-)!I Jli:;I.4 4.,181 (79) .hW.1 if ;J~I <,j\..àlll.>-WI~..J- (y)

4;~1 .r"t.:.J1 d'LA... ..J>-; JI .;-'-I),Jl } 4.,1j.l.1 yW\ J<;--io ,--"

:415' d'WI J!.rJJ J~)\ y.:..J.J

(79) A. ~ C, X An

jt..-YI Jli:;1 .4 4.,181 (80) <l,W.1 if ;J~I <,j\..àl\ .... W\ ...,......J. J

.rJ J J~~I ....,:...il 4;~\ .r"t.:.J1 d'LA... ..J>-; Ji rW ' J<J. if
.,.,<, ..J,W·
''''t"'-' \...-
il
\..., .
 .~ ~1,.L..,. ~ C,
.(rr)'~YL.J,4.>-U, -An

.( ,-r) ,~ . " <Lll.--'i'

~,.t.,... - UI ~ r-o
A

~ ;{(I ,..,. Ji 4J.,.w r'" t\.,. (C,) ~I uL.W L.,lWI ~I t ,... - ;)

<J ;)"'UI <,%;':/yJl F' u~...,.......- .!.iÜJ '<5 r -'.[ ':"'1).,_-""'1 JI .:...I} -,,':/

: }y;.-,:/I

,u. :ciI5:i' <5? ~ 1;"l.W! d'u..lJ} J.<-:' J.>- .;sJ1 ::::--"l.t..LJ : (0.9)
(I)

J? j5:..;. J.>- d'u..lJ ..!JJ.l$') '4-W- ? ,y ...... w .»/' ~ ':/ .;sJI)

<Ll..,lll )YUI r'~y <.i-!JI J,/» ,y 41.0) ( 1;; 4--'-' ............a' (T)
'''~'i' My) .b-1}1.J.j.1 <J ~'J< )1 )YL.... (3),y •..,1"",:/ \.<., ~Ipll}

•pl <J "J) \.,. 4J>- ~ ':/ .;sJ1 (1) j5:..;. Js- d'l.t..LJ : (0.85) •

C::"') , (T) ~ Js- ~ ..............a' d'u..lJ .:.U.l$' ) ,-,<\..JI Y-.;JI

u..!JI J,/» ,y 41.0) ( 1';1 <....AI d'Lill ..:.Il; .J lr. <5? 'YI d'Lill

~'J< )i )YL.... (3) ,y ~':/ lr., :-,,'pll )i <,l..,lll )YUI r'~4

"~)" ,1.44 .b-'}' .J.j.1 .J
<,l..,lll )YUI \I~y .WI d'i>4'}1 .:...1; .w....~! ~: (0.75) •
.J.j.1 <J ";:-\..!..ft' Ji .:r."J)..- J.JL......<. dili 4L.> J f' !;1 r-"Ipll )1

?...-JI rWJ' J<» ,y j-J-' J\.i.:;;, -'= ;JL....iJ' yL.,a.)1 :;.,..L-il j ,.....s.:;)
Jl!.j'i\ ~ ;.;:,>:11 r"lW\ d'~ ~ J1 .(Transverse Welds)
~ Js- d'u..lJ ..!JJ.l$' J ,(1) j5:..;. J.>- ;,,Sv .;sJ') ,41> d'Lill J! ~)
. 'pt.,.. ~ t" u...::ll r"lW\:;.,..U ",.,L.... '4--'-' ............a' (T) J?

- y.
J.J.I Ji' r L.= (80) r-' J ",WI if (A.,) ;JWJI 4jL..J! ,,-...lI ~ J

~ 'j ,)Î ~ {o > ~ L .....L!i ~~ ~'-/..b ~ ;Y.,~ .;.;l,..lJ- ~ ... Iy c} J:

.(C,) ~I yW ;y\;J1 ~I t~J .cylll./'.I" J- rb..U' J)o
:~?i vl).~:;..\ } ül}_~')1 ~ 'pSl ~ J; 4--!..w ~ tl,..

,(2w<l) ;., ~<.; L.= ,(1.0)

,(2w> 1> 1.5w) ;.,;;:; L.= ,(0.87)

.(l.5w> 1 >w) J;;:; ".= ,(0.75)

.
. (~) ,(-=-L.b..UI .:,,;; :üUI) C>J]I ./'.1" = W

•.L..i.:l.1 (Gusset Plates).: _ ~·\I Cl}i ) c.,51.rJ1 .;.,"J--,) ~ (C)

->f'll..;,~...J.1 (Fittings) ->?"11 ~I) rl~.,JI) <,J}tl yU, rl~"

:yL...J l "- U! ,j;;:; J ,;, f) .lA i f (i \ i ~ i t) .l.O)' .;.,\.,J.1d \.i.,k ,..L-.!.il

"Î. /.'. """a,"~1' l
, ,-",..,...,. '"
. ..;.;~~ 1 ~.r-)"
• l ". J - - ., 1 -"
,~ 4..:!L..Q.I'1 -
.01.>-,...................
,,- ) 1........... _h
<U~ ·11

,
:(Welds) u"W\i t!~i!

,
: (Groove or Bult Welds) <,.,$"l::Ji .;:.;"b..U', {il

: (Effective Area) ;J~I 'l-.> WI (\)

;J tW J~I J}JI '"""..;.., <,.,$"81 .:.-L,..W LJ~I "-'-li ,-,--_,:,

<1 ~ 'fi ,­

rb..U JWJi JJ..bJ1 J~) -rL.:-...UI (Throat) J-LL LJ~I ;;S"L...-JI

- v\
 : (Effective Thickness) :;J~I ,,\.-lI
, ,
(Fulf J\.r-">' ':/1 iL..; ~ldl rL....JJ, J---1I- :;JL..AJ, "L-JI >"'--> •
,
tb.1J 1 -i'l". .)>- :.J''''~I .:.,/;J,I .:.r . / 1 J.ïl../I "\.-lL Penetration)
•
. (\1) J).G,-I :; .:r.".o J" W Penetration)

(v) J)~I

JI.f"'~1 J r.
.;'\.:011 rWJI JI)- .u~1 AS'1.o..J1
'
(Effective Throat Thickness of Partial-Penetration Groove Weld)
,
.u~ 1AS'1.o..J1 )k Jo;; 0)~I :lu1)1 y;...i rb.1J 1.J ~~I ~}>ll
, ,
Jl.>-.U rb.1J1 rb.1J1 i}·;

(U) } (J) "l5:..;. ..? ~ ) ~\ 'L~\ ..r~1

</.
(Shielded Metal Arc)
i..ih.!j\ } (Bevel) l,.j~ i.L.....»
J----" ..r.,...-ll ";4~\ ..r~1
(Cham!er) J! .:.r pS1 (II) ~..? (Submargad Arc)
~
50"';;)\...;
t 1..;,)1../1 )·Wt.. .~I </.
'L ~I ..ryJl
Uk..!J\ J----" ..? Ji l,.j~ i.L.....>J (Ga. Metal Arc)
•
\.p G- ).,.-J... J 60 :.J' Jo-.-Î ,(V) ~ ib.1J1 ...,.J.i.I ";4~1 ..ryJl
1'"' (J) 45· <.fi J\...; Ji .:.r J.,>i (Flux-Cored Arc) J ~I

•
:(Fillet Welds) "JI)I ",,\..'..,..u, (..,.,)

::;J~, .... Wl (\)

,,\.-lI ,j il>JJ JL..iJ1 J#' ..,., ~ ,,)1)1 ",,\..WJ :;J~I .... Wl ;.J....J­
. i l>JJ1 .fo- :;JL..iJ 1
..,.,.,.;..=..1') ..,.,yii!ll,j •
<$JI)I it..JlI 1-", L..,i lrl>JJ
" J~I J......-J.lI ;;~J
<,,;lJ,1 ",,\.t\j..1 ~; ,j IJ:. <$ JI)! rWJ ,}--->JI Jy-J.JJ I,)l-..o [(Slots)

. (Returns)

- y, ­
~~t J->,---.b.h I.;~ ,~pl) YJ-~!)I Y ;.,>.'1)1 rL:J:1 ~_J>..j
• • •
<.II>- .J) .rb.ll! Ji>- 1..> ~ .Y- b rL..lJ cf p )1 .w.1 J P r -" rL."..l)
l..>-\....... ,;/" <.I1A.i.I1 l..>-UI J.;} 'J "i ~ (Overlapping) rl>.LiI ~\)
.(FayingSurface) v ......')\:;)\..h....
L I..>'"--""~!
J ~ ~ .
)I......w
,~,
"..'1I.J.;.l1
~

Jh J";';\""'" .,...,;'Y <;)\....... cf)I)\ i~l..;J.J- UWJ! :l.5'l......-.J' Jy--5:;

• •
•.k'.1 <; JI)' ,.:..A..b..lJ\ .':.l.b J" ~) 'rb..lJ\ .....".) J! ~. ~I (Root)
li <;)\....... :üWJ, :l.5'L....J1 Cl;;';.!...,,- ...,...,.........;J.I J4~1 V'~i .i~4

• •

} \"'" (10) L,)\....... ib..lJ1 V'w J~ l.o= (Leg Size) ib..lJ1 ,IL-
..,!JJ.> :/ ;...\.f\
•
..I.!j! .}I <;)1)1
•
..:..1.oL....U .!..ll:') '\"'" (3) .yi \.iL.;.... cf Ji...c-I! Jk..U •
r (tO) ,;/" 4-' w

:(Plug and Siot Welds) "

.
)L·' ul.ob..lJ!
. (c)

yi ...,...;:JI F l..>-U <;)\....... ;,)L.JI ul.oWl <.IWJI~! l..>-L ..... ".~

. (Faying Surface) ...,....')\:;)1 ~ I..>~ .J ""'':.'' ~I

(connections) ..:;;"}...p yi

(General Provision) ... UI "",~I

: (Design Basis) ~I ,-~f ct)

"1 ..~~"1 6fr'''::'';':'~JI.J)--'

J"''; .. " , l' ". :;:.;, • " - "
~":"'-J'--PY'r---.....::t.J
'

1..>";.1\) Jv.<yJ JWJ'I! ~I J" ,J.i- Ji) ~ Cr-1' ,.:,hl.p'1!

1
~
• f, ,:;\ ..... l,
""'",,-y
\ '_~{,I!:::_ I~ ...... ~,,,,~ • ..r
~~,l''''''''J>..JUI0 .. ..A:>-~./
,r r ~.I, '"'-"
l,,', 'il!
lS"'"' ~'T

.6..,..~'j..", 5Î
 :(Simple Connection) <.b.,-,JI .::.!;A",)J' (y)

Js- '"'-'~}J.-I ~~) )i ~JI jlpl,1 } jlpl,1 '"'-'~) ~

cS; "')Lil ,",-,~)JI •.1,. ~ "WI .JJ ,;;.; r ~~) \Ali J'L-.i
Jlt; J .J .!li; pi;- .;; 1::'1 )11 ,J...ii JL..;\:/I ')' J Y ;;.tu, ~,
jl)), ~ ........... jl~ ;;';)1 ~')\..,)J! jp.; jÎ~) .~I

.!J)J.>, ~ .!li;' ~) .(~I) ;~I pi;- JIpl,1 JI~Î

.u.,.,)J1 .J (Inelaslic Deformation) j r pi;- •p

:(Moment Connection) ~).rJl'" )Lill ,;;",')\..,)JI (0

J~)i JI~ J jl;,----JJ ;~I <,.-J)JI.::./y..-R)J' ~

;.1..->,. y ;;.tUI p l cS}) iJ.rJl ll.;:-ùl .;81 "')Lil 'Ü\; ~

.~')\..,)JI (Aigidity)

: (Minimum Connection Sirength) ü')\..,}J t.,;.J1 ... )Lill 1 ,1 t

~ l

..,i!1 j-J-I Ji; )1 J( Js- 4J.o ;J;J.I ül,~ '1' ...)W ..: /Y.-,,)J' ~
è," !).0'y} #" (27) Y Jly- ":II J' JI.>- lé! .J ,-,-,)Lil u.,.,)Ji ~
(Sag Aods) .Li))11 JL...,....à.i) (Lacing) u\s::".:.J! j, ~I I.L..-.... 0-'
...)W Li')\.., -' ~ ;'1 '''j\.:l\ .;;..,')\.., .,li) (Girts) ~":II J' )~\)
.J...ii 4J.o ;;;ll ""'i,~ 'i'

:( Eccentric Connections) "-!.çr')\)I ,::./j....}' r/l ·ft

;J 4,ij\;... "JJ-'" .::h~ '1 v.r-l' '.!r".,l1 .~":I, ~ ))'--" J y<:; .Ji ~
"çr')'JI "",')\..,}I ~ ,-!.(li! 1>')'.>-) . W -!.(l;' j[S""" l....t,>- •.1.>-1) '..bAi
."-!.çr')'JI y l:...:; JI p l ) .Li)1'. """'~' ... )W

VI
 ,
r-"'lpJl) '-,I}ll ),.,.WI) ""l.,.l.JJ1 ë"ly
: (Placement of Welds, Bolts and Rivets)
,
~)r u\.>4--. '1 mUl ~vNl\ Ji ;y}ll ;:....w~ Ji ~!p! ~l$. ~ ~;
~~I (Center of Gravity) JZ ;:r :0 y,,", ~ ,.::i.... = ri'- JI ~:, Ji
"';:r"::All .\..>. Ji rI.,. ,.......;,; ~I :r--S"r e:-- (Coincide<l) lA,-~
.~~ ;Y)..JI..:,,~yll Js J.,.rJlliA ~ '1) 'J~'J~ (Ec;entricity)

Jlr~ u:..el ~WJ.I .~':II Ji ,J;;Jlj i f )i " p L...;h :;-. '--.,;:"<11

c:.o\.p' JJ\::. J .~':II ,iA ))\::. c", "';:r"::Al l JV"! ~_) . W\.::.-.I
} ,,-"1)\ rl~~ ,1hl1 ;y)..J1 .:."Y--" yli .j (Gage Lines) ' - " ~I
'-"~I .~':II .j )~'JI .j "';: rOU' .\..>.Î ~ ...;f Js ,'-,I}ll »"L-l1

.(Fatigue) J~..s:J1 Jlr':l

»"W\) r-"'ipJl ë"iy J'J~ C'/\ 1/t).Li'.j 'J) 1.,. il>lr~ "'--.'J

'<',,*' J))iill r)Wi ;':iyiil i f ~",.:-.aJ.' ~I ,~':I .j y}ll

, ,
on ·Jt

:(Fastener Connection Fillers) J..,I)I c:.o~)

y}ll »"WI rl~1 { JI J~ ';il t"J1 i f c;.i,:J.., yi'

"",....,., ..;..,)~"::Al <L.\J.-! k!)1 J)r = J ~ .j ... JWI l)l>

,iA J.1 ~i ~ ~ (6.35) Y lf:5~ J.,J JI ..:.>,~! ."-"'

.),1 ,- .'! ,:,IJ (Splice Malerial) J,?' ,,1.,. -"'< t,. JI ..:.>Iy--:J..j

..:; ..:.>b~'JI J-L> t'j"J ki)i if ~ L:. ..:.>IJ...!J-'if 'J-,-...J.l

·4)} r'l ;i ,; ,...!J-I) ~I if 0y<11 FI Js ~ ~L~ y...J1

0':;
~,
ÛL>l.o' '\.-l?- '.LI J.i ';i ./•. k,
,.Ji; -JI ..:.>1·r- JI ....
'JI,..<I..!'
,;1.5:,. )"w' :ü..-, JI
-"

~,:,; Js ,èfPL.-J' ~",u. L;.,;l' ~ (19) ) (6.35)

 : (Welded Connections Fillers) 'vyJll ..::./"j_____ I' ",I~ (y)

(6.35) \$ JW lp't..~ ul~ JI....::..-... 1 .r-"':i l .,......-lk; 1>1 ( \)

.cl .Ji ~ ,'vo..,.J.l1 "''>''"-''1 .j ..!..ll:' J ,;51 Ji .;;.;I~

'
~i ~ Jl ~ .JI) ry\ C} ~ L. Ji ~!~I o.,u

;,~I c1-- J-"}j.ll j.+' Il Cl ul,lf>.-! j.i.J "">L( rw'

rw' ;rJ-~ j.+'1' Cl r\.J.....!..lll> ':-~J '\$? r':i ~

.j .!Jlj 'lf>.-! "", .......) .J), i f J-" Il cy ul,lf>.-! j.l;J JL(

~ (6.35)./ lp'Le- Ji'.;.J! ul~! JI J

,-,,"" ~0 (Y)

;S'i§' Ji' '1 ~I) ,~..,l1 U l Jly- e:: (Flush) h..\,.l....:;,.

t;w... ";""..,l1 C..,l u I,lf>.-! J..,..:J ....)~I ;S'L.......\I Y rl.,.,jJl

. i ~I ;S'Le- 4.\1

ut; ;"';"1 <J .,)..c.:J.I) ;;J.~I • L,,,,}'; 1 ..::.?:J._--,,) 1,l , ./' t

: (Connections of Tension and Compression Members in Trusses)

",(;;",;", <J ;;J. ~I) .,)..c.:J.1 .w...-':il .;;.;~lA -"-'" u'}...,}J ~;;:: .Ji ~

Ji' 'li ;\.<>1/ e:: "... ?II Jl<-':il ./ <i.UI <.S yiJl 'v)\..ô.. ~ ; ~..I.-ill

':il ,~ ;j~1 ;... )1.Âi' i f ;,sLl.~ (50) . / JiS:..:. ':il if ~ ,A 4=-)\..ô..

,J..,dl) JWI) ;j )UI Jl<-l J~'11 .j ..L>.Î; ",.lJ1 JL.;..;'i' J.,L>.;l1 .:...;i 1;)
.,J\>.i i)p..\1' <,.-JI i f y! <.,....; rl....>.;.....1 yLS:..!

:J..\.J...I ";",,WI .;;.;1; ;;J. ~I .w...-'::il

: (Compression membars with bearing joints)

(Connectors) uJ'...,l} 1 ~;:..:; .JÎ

- V'i. ­
 :(Other Compression Members) <">.r'-~\ Jo, y...;.ll ,I ......~\ (-.,')

Li;,Û ~ <">.r'-~\ ;;J.y...;.ll ,\..;...-':lI..j k..;,,)\ <..>} F;'!. 'v=

Jj:.;.:...,.; Û')\..",IJ J ;,J,.",}I ~ JÎ ~ u..J ~

W '",.....lI r:WI .... Ju.. i f 'LJù.~ (50) ,;!.u.. l.. .... Ju.. ..P •J,li
,\.;.".)'1 c:" - _:; ~ ~ <.:if' Li')\..",IJ J ;,J,.",}, Jj:.; ~i ~

.I..L,>. ltSl.. f C) u...,l1 C) ;,s '.,:..:...1I

:(Compression Joints) k..;,,)1 ..: ,')\..", J (C)

w; ~i y;tJ y ~t J..:;. i.S; ~r i)~ .1à..;:J1 ~~ J ~ r----...aJ

.:.r--- 'LJù.~ (75) ) (Specifled Lateral Loads) i,~1 ;;"'-<';,>,1

.<)-1 Je.--l:rJ )~I \fi JJ' i f WI Je.--~i y ",;UI -::'-\'+",,>,1

: (Combination of Welds) _~l..6..ll1

. tJ'i

;,J,.",. Cl (<..>.I..\-> 'W; .1)' , ,.,?"8) 1.6..ll1 :,...

• ;. J~'''''
..\.>-1...1 ...... ':>1 f~1 1,1
-./ R ~ ~ ~ "'r ..... W -', •

,t-U\ tlyi i f ty j.s:J ;Jt:..J1 (Capacity) 'J...êi!1 "",,l........ ~ "li, i..\.>-'J

•
i6..ll1 ;u,~ .)-û ..y..l.>.:.l .!..\J;) ",l..6..ll1 ;u,~ JY
•
J! '-,-J~ '1';;1 J.;­

•
: (Bolls ln Comblnation wllh Welds) -::.-l..6..ll1 c: .,..r ll W}ll .....UI

:(NewWorks) •..y..!hl c \...;>\,11 (i)

•
r6..ll .,..JI..!... (Bearing Connections) ~I ""'')\..",},

,,\..15'" J..,..;:l i 6..ll,• ~ ~ ,...,L-). ,,:k~ 'JI ...L-....j. .J

,u.. ,JI C) ",I,~ 'il

vv ~
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~1.rJi fr'" .,l>JJI Jl.....;....~ Lli ~ '""'\~ ,1r-"'"1 UG- .j

r-L>:.,..4 Ô~ .._l.!JJ ~ U\ J ')'.....,.t ~.)..:>;-.l\ ~ .U.i.I :;J\.;- ~ r-
\ ~ ..J../ w ./ '../ ,.1 ..
.Il! ....... L.J.l ~
• 1-- ...

...:..,.bl.~~
0.0-'
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.;,.;~t...prJI ~.,r---
J~ll ..\...!J! ,.:A.J.k:...
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iW!! ~ \....J (..:J\~I ç,l","-'! ci) ';.)y.-y,l JiJ..~\,;.;---s- ~LJ\

1 "~ ....)WJ :Li'"

....;.' Y'-.- - :Li.lil
. ../ ~Ui /..L>..:;...L
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(High- Strength Bolts in Slip-Crilical Connections in Combination

with Rivets) :

(Tier Structures)

<3''1' ~,>" .....,:, ::'5" !:,; Ir- (60) J: (30).j~ L. ~li:i;l

.".?li:i) J 4Jl\~ (40) :.;>- y,

 *
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,.....LU) ;;r ,-nl~ (25)

,i? (38)

""U J.kl,.! ..::-~ JJ (Roof Truss) j.,.<-J' ..::-t; ~ ~~ J •

,--...",,<)i ""L...i.:..-5:11 ""J\..--.., J) (Column Bracing)

..!.1.1:') (Crane Supports) d')) -'"L...) .(Knee Braces)

,J"';..,J> (50) Y Li J-lÎ .;.,; d')) tl..1J.1 ùL:.JJ C:;" CJ

~ ,J;>'r <.,>- J \.rI "i ) i" .r-:l' ù 'J'J 1 -'"L... ~ ":J.-.,) •

""bLp-'J 1 <J L-.~I } r-'---" JL---.rÎ ~

,(Reversai of Stresses)

uu'~ ...,.. r'" .;.,..u: t" 1 "1) ,~'-$I ;.,'" 'Jll~ (22) Y ..y
.l l,.J .1>."\
,G-"I',
--". '-'"
J,,~ 'c' J L;..,. ~
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~ Wi " ~ J .1

(Penthouse)
~}11 yWl JL...o..::..,...~ ~ ,o~J-~! ~h,:..,.... (Î' ,l, .!~) . .~W\
,.,..WI J~~ ~i (Snug Tight) ..lJ1 ;, )..L:l 1 ...)ü!.1 w~

(4) fol ;:-,WI) ~I.r.l\) ~\)I

[Fasteners (Bolts and Rivets»)

~ y \II ~I}I .j ;,}....-JI ""L...,lb;:J.1 ... )L...i\1 <,J~ ;,J}ll fr"L-l1

y lA,"" L. JÎ (ASTM A 490) ~ y':i l ~I;I JÎ (ASTM A 325)

.::.:;ft...,) ) ..L.:JI ..:- '::I<-P) .j ;"lWI ~L.L..!;I y lA,,,,, L. JÎ (ASTM A 449)

'Jll~ (50) Y fi'.! ;,J}ll yWI""';' /\11 ~ l.:,.>-) ,~I ~I

-.:.,;~ 'Wfo\ fr"WI ~); ~ ,u, :~~I ~JJI .J...!J\ 4..-)LV:.r"

Ji (ASTM F436) y ;:~'J! :u.."irl!""u... (Hardened Washers) ;~

\..>..v;.I;; ~ LlI;l>! ..:-!...lk:- :~ (Column Bases) ;~'J,

.-.,.' y\:JI ,h ,j (Tolerance) "'-'JW ~ :~.~ ~ ,:c,;l.,..;LI

 V-~I ~ 1;1 ~l .r'~ J~ j..P J ~ ~l,.iJ! """ ~I \!~ r­
'<., <L~r .~
1- '-' 7-- Ji ; .~; '-' ~ Ji ; $v. ,-,.i7
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J' •

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i;$ll y~1 Ji ~~I üls:J.iH rl..l~..:.....\ ~-' ,~\! ,.:.,,':::A~yh
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i

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.!
i 20.6 x 47.6 , 20.6 x 25.4 ! 23.8 2J.6 19
i
! 24.0 x 55.6 23.8 x 28.6
,

27.0 23.8 22 i
i
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i
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il :---­
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I,
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;;.,....JL MI yi J 4--0." r::--'J ,~I) YL<ê:,..,!1 w)L.p}'.J:6~I

.j ~I JJ...b 0 S-.t:)i ~ ~i ~'Y....o}1 ~ Loi .4.~SlS:;..>';i1 .;./)L.-:s):

J

~\ ~ ~ ~I J} ü~ ~ j 0_~ .~I ~~l e:: J.,..~\ oW')11

ë~1 ..;.;t5J..J1 i\-l;.:..:......<i r JI ~ ~ JI ..:; .4S'",:..:J.\ ~ jiJ-\ ~~~11 .y ~ jJ-\

.J ~' J yb ,) ~ 0 Î ~ ~, ...:-,)I.,a}1 J \..1 .<,-S~ 'il u':L..,o jJ

...I.-î ~ :t4r-1Jl y ~\ \\~I ~ J .~I iI~\ c:: J.,.~I ~W)ii

~} ..:..>~ ~\ ..!JJ; ., J~ ,.;...JL-, yI .j ~~\ ~ )3-\ ~~'.J\

) yl,i ül>..;j y; (Conlinuous Bar) ~ (cy) ~ Ji (Plate Washers)

,I~G
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J .' r
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~I Jp ..,.J}.ll )L.....JI} (L;pll Jo; y~ ;Jl...iJ1 ~~I '-.>-L. ~

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.J'Î)i '--.kWI

: (Long Grips) <J.,}JI ùl5:....,lll il \ \ l,

ùl.i...ol}1 i f u"t.,1... )Î (A307)] ,;c. )WI "'~ <,I}ll JyUI ,~ ;'~j ~

yu, yb -4.;< JI) ,,~I ùl,\.p.-")\J iJ...iJ-I) [ ;.J...:..J.I <).WI )Î ",.,JI <.,.-l,.i.Il

(1.6) J,t.:; O-..ll Jyb .:; ;'~j j-<J ;ull\" ..l>-I) L...:., ~:,) d.• )a.i JL;..Î (5)

.~

<J}.ll yUI y}Z .:; " C}....-.ll ~I 01 \ \/,

: (Allowable Bearing al Boil Holes)

J-" ~lpJl) <J}.ll JyUI y ~ .:; li, Cr--ll j,->dl ùl,\,~1 "r<'; (Î)

.b. J-" y)dl "UI J;{-.; 1...=) ~I ù~) .:; y,;L. '-.>-L-..

'p'!)L..-.. <.j?;, c:.,>, "UI Ji;':II...=) (1.5d) Y Ji; 'j ;.,.JI J--.-<

:J; l..S (3d) Y ch,lb c:."'! JJ..

•

(81) Fp =I.2F,

('rIJ) " Cr--ll ~I ,\.p.-I ~ Fp":"'~

C' I-'.-L..:.. ~I JY J.f.;. 1...= (Long Siots) J.,:}JI y J.A.:J! •

er) yL J-)L..-.. rl~~ ;~ ~ yi J;{-.; 1...=) j.J-1 ,lél

:;'1)1
(82) Fp = 1.0 F,

J-" ~1)JI) <,I}.ll yUI y ~ .:; li, Cr--ll ,,!.,..>..:JI ùl,\,~1 j;{-.; (y)

';J.,...,;.il ..,., J..i.:J 1 } ..,..,l,.i.Il y yilll 'J :uiJ-1 i f ",.,.;JI y,;L. '-.>-L-..

- Ar­
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"y<l1 P J..". ~ c,J;" ~L-..

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.(!'""") ,c,JoJlI ~i......J.1 ).i - d

\..= c'-',JI) ;,J}ll p."UI y.,t; cj U. CJ........J.I ~1 ..'hlp.1 jy(; «(;)

-'-"\.,:JI "UiS'" ~ \..=) ,) L;y~I .J y yill\ c: p- ..:Ji... r.:i' ~f ~

cj ~ r li lA.,k L,;-ÙI y}.Ji ;OUi) y\.cl\ y o'""'!! pl/ ~ ,p':ll

:J;. li ")\...... ,(V!I lit) ) (11\ \I!) 0'.l:.,I1

(84) Fp = 1.5 Fu

.,)\P\ (81) ,bWI J' ':1.)., .!.li;)

.(1,2 Fu) J' ':I.J., (1.5 Fu) ~ (83) ..),WI.,) ,:r,J.I..uL' J~)

} 0';;;:'" ~~ cfoP/ } <k-Ib ~~l,i ~ cfoP/ 0;! oU, jZ ~i j";;

J';""J) ',;:-'1 ' (Faslener) .6.,).1 ).i (

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>lp.! '--,i ,,,j. \..= ,.6.,)1 ).i JL.;..I (3) Y (s) y ~I ;-5'1/

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2P d
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(86) S<': +-+C,
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J'ii" "i ~J .~,i é,,,,i\ ('1) JJ..c;" .:r (C,) <..;i .i>-}7 '::-,>­

J..,)I )J ,-,s y ~I J:! (Clear Distance) L...aJ\j..1 ~L.J.i

("') JJJ.!,.1

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,~p ~I d\~'i\).;~\ jl~'i' ~ ~)h l,

:(Minimum Edge Distance) ,,-0\ y).il ~Wi V(\ \! t

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\hy. Jr"j.; ;~\ ~\J, ~!~

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.~) ~ ~~j J.::"(~\ y/yj -.? ...J..J\

 e:: ,,;')lyiJl ~}II t~! ....W;JI>- eJ· j~)lI;j Lo.i.>.i -.,,,,,\}I "",L,JJd1 rhlo
; ~) jL,/,1 Ji jL,/,1

(Deck Aibs Oriented Perpendicular to Steel Bearn or Girder)

;J,WI <J \t-I.J>.:;...)I (A,) ..,.,1..-- =) , ~I .r'1...>' -,<. '-" = (i)

.,,;')'yiJl ~J':JJ ",,,wl r:k-JI .::.-i <..i1}1 <JL-)-I jJ ,(90)

J.,J. .J.<' -!il;') ~ (900) Y ~\ "",")1...\).:.", ",UI -'<_-' li (-,.')

.~)i jL,/,1 ;i jL,/,1

,,::..")1...1) i f '»I)..PJ "cr-l\ .;>'11 ~I Jr ~ cJ~ (C)

<J\:lI~IJ.oL.., l>\.r'>< ,(\~)J~I.j 'J.,>.lll; ~I

(95) 0.85
JNr l hr
f
WrIHshr
1.0'J$1.0

.(1'"") ~ <,.;""':11 t I.iiJ)lI. h,

wi ~ ",.DI) '(1'"") I~\,..ljl .>.., ~\ <w1) J.,J. • H,
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.Pl ,J.,J. wL> 4 \,,::..~\..J-I <J .... I.J>.:;...I =(h, + 75)
",.iJI) ,»1) c!-" <J jL,/,1 J.<' l.o~1 ~I "",")1...1),...." - N,

0L> 4 ,,::..~\..J-I ;j .... u.".:....\ = (3) Y J....-,j/ ':1 il l ~

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.(..,.,\/11 0 ) ,-",.;.il....yl "er) yL-)-I~IJ'f J..w • W,

&" JI ~ ,,;')1,..;)\ ~J'110.9-:; wi ~ \(Uplift) ~I L»li.l (')

y J.;j ':1 "",t;\...... J.<' 4.?)1 ,,;')lyiJl L-..,l)l wlphl yi Jlj,..J1
il~l, ~ 0i ~ ~II-,--, ~) .~ (400)
.)o..iJ1 il>.-lll e::~! "",Jl..-,I) i!~l, )i I~I ,,::..>L- .....I)
.,.--all Lo,.....; '..l,.. J "i } (Arc Spot or Puddle Weld)

- Il f­
(Deck Ribs Orienled Parallel 10 Steel Beam or Girder)

("')

,(Conerele Haunehes)

i ,~~ (38) l,)!.-o ,,;'JyJ\ ~}}J /,0 ~I J y ' " l,.~ (C)

(50) v
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w, -Hs -1 ,a \1 <; 1,0
" hr -'~ hr -'

~ \ \ i­
 :(Shop Drawings) ~h ~\.b.bJ.1

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) (Bolts) ;",J}ll J"'L...l~j (Rivets) r-'"Ipll t'yi if.,:Ji' lÎ L<.

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,
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) i (Snug-Tight) .J.,ÎI c\;;..;.c , ).wll (.rJ1 Y 4.L> JI .;:..;iS 1d k,>
(Fully-tightened Bearing) yl<:J~ , ).wl! ~I (rJI y

.(Slip-critical) Jl5:.::.- 'ii (.rJ' y }

(Fabrication) ,:'----"':'""QI::l-'\

:(Straightening) <..li.:...."J (Curving) ...,."-,",,,1) (Camberilg) ~~\

~ ;.?L,a-,..)ti)f &lAl1 vU::.....'}' ~..:,.;~ ;'I?! /\'\ . ;~;) .

~)IJ~-\} ~<;~\ JJkJ\ ~~l:. ~.) -i+->Y ':J J~ ~,,'u> ~ }
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J- ) <,).WI .:;..t..W.I}1 .:..r" u.,l.., v JI (ASTM A852) Y fr'~1 ""---"I..,...u
v)i (ASTM A514) Y fr'~1 <..i.,pl..,...u J.!\l.l.1 "".,.u . .. .,. L......-,' (595)

.:..r" <.Sf'~1 tljl;;J "'''''' ~)' (650) J-) <,).WI .:;..Li..-..I}I.:.r-- L..J"l..,
.''';Ali

: (Thermal Cutting) i.$/rl ,...k.iJ1 ~

r fy h

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.ril'JI ;;Jljl~) • ~ (4.8) J- 4iwl J..,j .,;.JI (Gouges) (.:;..i.r-JI)
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rl.>.1Jl, ~

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.~I JI!;) Ci ~lb .?' r.

:(Planing of Edges) vÜ\.J.I "'r-" rlr Il

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•
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. •• '" ~ "'\ ~
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•
li L-..i;\k.. ,l.g-,i J,..' ",. \1 (Technique) vi . . ;.11) ,L.>JJI
,
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. J tA 1 Il.. ;J •..+' .:,"';'; J,i .Y i.i.;;

: (Anchor Boit) ;Y}l' -.:. ~I J"'w ~ 1rh

e:: ,..:;..t.I.J..;.ll ~ 4.:,,11 ~I i+>t..1 'J ;y}ll ..:..",01 J"'l~ ~ Y

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: (RivltS) r"'pl' -rj-rh

rtS:...."" <::.l.,o
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e:: ;\lY"' Y' ~ ft"'I w....1 ,-,'
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• (Reaming) (J--.lI) flyCll u,p •.1.. t .. yll

""'" .".J> (1065) Y "-lji '1 ')....- .".J.JJ r\.Jo:;~ r-'-'pll J"-"';
(540) JI ';;)....- .". J> ~! rI..:,.:' <,>Î ,,;..:' jy,; '1) ~ J,Jl J'->
,,;.l]; "J> } ""'" h J>

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" <',
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. J....II cf",) J! JL::J~J y _..;!JI ...;,lh; 'r J! .:Jj:, ,.p j! '}

.yl t;L;... ,."J}ll )L....l1 _.ki y IJL\'"\K J.;,j ':1 ,;sJ1 ,If" ',rI ..,..;.; "'" (~)

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t;L..;... ~\ ..i
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(1,6) )..\Â.C. ci 7 1 . '"il JÎ ci;h' (-~\ ,--il )ù ji! Ji ~) ,
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r ~-' .' , r"" "'i' ~;,.,; •

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~ ~ ,~ (12.7) f tp'\K ~j ",-.Ji) <S"r-"':;i WWI
.~l.i.'i4

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'4"... jûtl ~w! ~ _ J_ i! .t.... W\ ,..!~~ ë.i..:..:.J..! u')\..p ,II J il-,~

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(Direct Tension Indicator)

,(Calibrated WrenChes) ;.dL.. -L'- ("'Li.,. *

( Hardened J~") Q~..:...LL:-- '-'~ .)Î ;...f).r-!) (~..i.-.!>

,:ij rL.ali ri )l..-ll JI) ..0);' vts1 .Iy (Turned) ;,-,--" ~~I

: (Compression Joints) u"", 01' J."Wi cl,!.. .

",; } (Sawing)
 : (Dimensional Tolerances) ,I.•.,'}' 1 \i ""' J\..i.:ll ',/Y'h

(\",,) ~ c.".....J.1 ;;;JJIÀ:lI ~;IJ~I

J~I J-\S:.i 0.8 ••\...1... C}o-l .......JUI J JI»)l1 .,~I .~~I

80th Ends Finished for Contact Bearing

J~\ J-\S:.i 1.6 (Without Ends Finished) JI»~I <i.;~1 pi.- .~)I\

. J~i (10) 'rs- y I.<}> Ji< ~I

J~I J-\S:.i 3.2 (10) 'rs- lô}> <,?JL..,.;JI jl»~1 <i.;~1 pi.- .~~I
.;s1 Ji J~Î
<,?J~I J):JI • ..;:...,,!::lI J,Li; "" .b...<JI .~Î ;;..l.i:;...1 \i ""')\..i.:ll
1000
.1.,\.1 ~ :t...;.~ C}o-ll.LU-1 jl~1 J ~ ..-:lI
(j~Î Jl) Î+ .~.>..;~

: (Finishing of Column Basis) ;.l..$-~I .....Ij .Ùj vi 'l';'"

(50) 45t..- <'?JW ~IJ <:..il..ul <i.;Y}'yiJl j...>-:ll Cl}i J..- (Î)
4>J..... j\S" 1;1 4>- }o-l (Milling) cr yi )! I~
jI.). <$Î j J'

<:..il..ul ..;'~yiJl j...>-:l\ Cl}! l.;~ ~ t......" <.1.,>.- v-li b ~I

rl..>.>..:.-4 ~ (100) jJ6,.:; ~) I~ (50) Y 45t..- J.;j .;JI)

\... '~If' e:: <,,",~'JI ,.u. )l.i r..... ..!L.- c; jI.~4 Ji ~I ,,-,~1
~ J.,.....,..u ..!.l.J; J ,.;.;,JI I.u. cr (,) ) (C) ~.;il J..;.;,JI \i ' ft-"

• .1.,>.- v-li <,?" ~~

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J (C) .:.~~I .:r...yl Ci >.r- ~I ,!.lI; 1.lJ> L....; lp).- if- .,,;1­
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.,:''S,.;JI ~I CI)';!1 pi:. .,f\....':/I CI;I C).- if- y.;I-..,..~ ('T')

1':'" .:r (» J (Cl ~~I .:r...yl Ci >.r- ~I ,!.lI; 1.lJ> L....; ,-,--J.ùl
•..c:.,J1

Ji ..;;,\....\....':/1 t: .~':/I .lJ>lj j.! ~ (Grouting) ~..\-" (C)

j.-lSJI.,fWh .J\.....,;.J ..;;,\....\....':11 t: U.Li-1 .,f\....':I1 Cl;! .,fli '..Ak--,
c91JI ;~':II .lJ>1.,A) <,lW1 ()..-JI 0j>.; 'j ,J.,->.::II ().- ~
.y.;I- J! i>.-t,; .,fI ~ ':II

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.y.;I- JI i>.-t,; .,}JI .,f\.... ':/1 (I;i C).- 0 j>.; 'j <JI?, 'j ~\.;

(Shop Painting) ~1 .j .J1...J>.u\ t"

: (General Requirements) ...LJI ..;;,WJclI ;!th

~I Ci Loojl?! r ~I C)..-JI ~ J ,)LooJ.J1 ..:.>L,.l..? ~.Ji.~ (i)

,..yI 1':'" Ci ;> J,JI ..::..L,.lk;:..1! !.i.,J.

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tj ) C.,.k-JI ~ W ,L4I..o, ~ .;.JI .\...i.?)rl p, . :A,..-Jl,.;J,1
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FI ~ ':i) <::i J- ., v- o.,k p:.N) '; ,w' '" yJ,-! ,j))iJJ J'r::l l
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:(Inaccessible Surfaces) 4,]1 J.r"}1 ~ '1 ,~\ c,.,:......11 ~ 1th

J.r"}\~. '1 ~\ C"k-ll wl..o'J ~ ~ , .......)\;:l\ C,.l.l...JI 1.1.1> l..,;

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: {Surfaces Adjacent to Field Welds)~)1 ~l>JJ1 Jl>U ; )JIÀI C.,Jo....lI o/lh

;I}I 1.,'>'.1 yIll .~~I C;,... ;,r I~ (50) ...... J.ii '.1 ...:..üL.... :J} .#';
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ASTM A 36 Structural Steel

ASTM A242 High- Strength Low- Alloy Structural

Steel

ASTM A441 High- Strength Low- AIIoy Structural

Manganese Vandium Steel

ASTM A529 Structural Steel with 290 (Nrmm')

Minimum Yield Point

ASTM A572 High- Strength Low- Alloy Columbium­

Vandium Steels of Structural Quallty

ASTM A588 High- Strength Low- Alloy Structural

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Point la (100) mm Thick

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..,..L..\5' .....pli (Failure Mechanism) J.:..ill <.,Ji J l.ri j>:.-.:" ~.L.JI

- I fV­
I..... l..::,. ~I t..)y- J;;'" j l .~\l' J" '1) '--1)..0,..::....i ~I ~

J,1..i.i e;;, <$,......;JI ;.;WI J j!..; Ji ~ db- "i Js-) . 4ll:i.i <$ r-- ;::-'
(22»)Î (21) ) (20) ",-,>"WI.j i,).r-ll ..:";',."""" J.4i ~ ;;",;LJ.,I -"WI

J.a.'ll LI ~ -:,,,,1 :;,.;1l1 .j .!.l.b) (34) ) (33) "",'l,L..oJI jl :JL...,;,'i4

(f,) cJ ~ .:JÎ ~ J ,J..0 ,...1......... ;$"} i ))t.!;1 pi- jkUI ,j) ft"-"}I J.tÎJ,

.....,........... ;'I}I Jlr\l' 0" <i.UI ,,)-""1 i ~I) ryJl .:.r ;j\J,.\ ,L,.. tj (fb»)
• --,.-'UI ,1)1 jJ-! J-~ Js­

j l ) (Masonry Walls) Js- i.t,.!l' .~"}\ .JI., ..}>I?'ll ~)

~ .Ji)"""
4ll:i.'l WL I",;b ;, >'--' ,JI)..LJ.,I •.1> c: ;..... l..::,. t.. JI;) ~ J ~
. ~I t.. J)Vt. ';y-­

(Fabrication) 1::1'---..·.., 1.':)·11

Ji ..:,,\.:;.;ll ~ jl WL ;',,>Ji •.1> .:.r ,""UI ...,.,I","} 1c; ')) 1,.. d'Ir-'
,)J..>JJ ~ JÎ J" <$~I \.p)\.i. Js- ~ Jj!..; ~ 4J1j-""Î
: <,lUI

~\ 0 1))..0 l",à;J.\ JI,.."}\ .j "'" ~I JI}>"'I JL.A;;..I ~

J;;'" ~,Î ~ ,+,I~I ;jb- tj ) .;,1)1 Jlr"'l frl:; ~, J.Lll1

.w.! .;'+ll i.p..b....,

~ ,,>1)1 Jlr\ll );t; ..::....i .::.tÎJ1 ~! ':'1))..0 l",à.ril JI,..\l1 .j
LJ?' ..L!J\ <.ik.:.,. c; ~'Ipil) W}ll ,.... L-l.' y';--<: Î.r->'

L$ ~ } (Sub·punched and Reamed) (41---)~ fi."..w)

. (Drilled Full Size)

- \ r,\­
 (y)~1

(K) JWJ\ J).JI J.ols. -,!J.:>d (Alignment Chart) i,?l"ll i>"'")1

K
K
GD

00
Lü 500 ""
100.0
20.0
JO.O 100.0
50.0
10.0 50.0
30,0 5.0 30.0
5.0
0.9 20.0 4.0 20.0
3.0
2.0
JO.a 3.0 10.0
9.0
0.8 ~8 R.O
7.0
7.0
1.0 6.0
6.0
0.8 5.0 5.0
0.7
4.0 2.0 4.0
0.7 06
0.5 3.0 3.0
0.4
0.3 0,3 2.0 2.0

0.6
02 0.2
1.0 Lü
0.1 0.1

o. 1.0 0.0
0.5 0.0 0.0

i..y.,. <,,; \),.1 .......,..1 j )' 1 ,..y.,. V <,,;\),.\ """""lj)'1

(Sidesway Inhibited) (Sidesw ly Uninhibited)

~ ,.,.....JI ~ ",IJ 0'" § ,j.J:. WIJI ü;L.JI JI §..:JI J.>- (A) , (B) j)")' J~

:.}. -oS" (G) J r') .... I~..ù'

,j <...i1}1) ,;J...}I ..!,li; JI <S"'6, ~ ~, <w,..~1 ;jt> ly$; J,) L f')1 fr'-;.)
..... 'J..ù, .\ ~ , y-a! 1.l. \.6.; 1 cS.i'-'

- \n­
 .',..-JI d-AI () ~I) ;ju..J1 rf' - le

.> r-ll ~I ~ JyWI - Le

,;li,.1 d-AI (j~l) ;ju..J\ rf' - 1•

.~ ras. ",1 Ji ;W ...&1 ~ JyW\ - ~

lA= ,v, • C5""c". ~ ~ ~ 4-SJ) . :.,L... L-81 ~ 1Y, ;, r-l l '.L.....<-)'I ..:;.,1,4'---l J

J.; ( L..}--ll ~I J>1j-") (10) "JL....lA~I,:J..r..p ,4)0; ~ - (G);""; j)-<';

. jl JJ> <;.r ..!.lL;.J !l15:.".:i1 {.J.>, .l:.-..S' $ ...........

lA= '-"-1.;.. ~ ~ ..::A... \....f JI -C5""c". J..<':" ~ >,..-JI "Û ..:.-.;i.$' b! L,.\

.tW lA.l-P <lb- C} ..~I r-J ~I~I ,:J..r.• ..,;1 :il (1.0 = G) ~i ,:J..r..

- \!. ­
 (l;) ,y..l\1

~.....,\ 4J~\ ..)h·.·\ '"'-"'" l.;i..r' ~\ ..: .Wlo...o.l\

)JJI..S" ~I
tJ"1...~1 h yS' .J

Effort Stress ''+--l

Impact
Loads
rJ...> JI ...i rJ...> Jl.i--Î
Charge Morte Dead Loads cil.... JL.~f ''''''' JI ... t """ Jl.i--I
Rainure Groove ~,.»).:,.:.-i

Sidesway <...; t".

.. ..,. \).'\
Barre en Built-up .~f ,~ .1..,; ...1
Plusieurs Members
Pièces

Lissage Finishing

Soulèvement Uplift

Pénétration Penetration
Alignment Alignment

_,_,CI ;

Crippling
Fléche Bending

Flambage BuckHng

Désamorçage Failure 1 >. ,.U,

er- J'

(Y)
Portée Span

Rivet Rivel

Simple Simple

Panneau Panel

- \t,
 • :4h '::"~It!\i

~I ~I ~I~~I ~~))W" ~I

~;OI' <.i~"jl .1oWI

~
..,......1:/1 i~'p

(.:;;)

Jabler Notches j)? ,,,,w.: ~L...l!i

Courbure Camber J'y.; ,..,A.t,.I>-1 ~J).

Portée Bearing
"LJ. ~

poinçonnage Punching fj! fj!

lap J
. I.1' •.~..5 \,';

érection Erection '" ";,~ ,~; ~i

Déformation Deformation o~ 0"":";
------~------- Fabrication -----~---_.------------
"-'-'"
'-'
4 ",.....a... y Ji 'jl..i1..­
Gouge Gouge ~
" ~'\..01.-'
J"-"> j . )y

Encastré Restrain .,)-! J.,l ,~ .y;

Renfbrcement Bracing ;;,y.; )~ ~
d:l~\,

Dilatation Expansion ,J.i. ,J.i.

Déchirement Tear ~j1 Jj1

(.:.,,)
Trou, Orifice,
Ouverture
Hole 4~'~ ~

(1;:)
Poutre Beam J(",.
;r5'~

Poutre Girder 'J\>.. ~ ,'6:­

"""JI.;; ~Jj'

Rigide Rigid tr-(",. tr-\>..

latéral lateral ~(",. ~(",.

- \ t l­
 l ,'ÀI, .;:..,~Ih a\1 ~v
,

~I ~I ~\.J~I .J ~JJ W'" ~I

.,.....;JI >i~~\ Jol..!.ll ..,.1.....:1 1 .~§'

C[.)
Ferme Truss .,.;....... ,éJj;­ ,)~
1

Poutre Creuse Box Beams "-'I,....s ,<;iJ-"-" .;JI.,;, <;iJ-"-" éJ\p-.

Y,)J.:...~

Cr)
Planche à :;, , ::r- j
Diaphragm i.fJ L.­ Ji?'\'"
Diaphragme
Matière FiIIers ...;.,dy-t.: _ 1.!J\r=--

col-de-cygne Throa! Ji­ Jk­

Charge Mobile Live Load !J.r:'-" y- '\,s"" J'­ \,s"" ,y'
ct)
Longitudinal
---~--------- ;Y.,k;~
Spacing
Transverse
.~--_ ..._--------------­ '--"J""-' ; ~
SpacinQ
Rivage Drift pins c!).,;.. " "JI...-.,. .r.< 1Y'

(0))
Entretiose Strut ~~ JtS:..:., ,;i.... ~) VU;,..'l

(,)
Grue Crane tuf" ,WI) Wl j
,
Lien, Attache Tie .k ~ ) :. <i.6.-!) -"<i

Support Support J..;....- .. ; r.

, ("')

Mortier ,mL.
Grout 'lîJ+ ..::;Â>- '~)J
Liquide
(j)
Languette, '-? )1 j Kc.~ .~. U\...a·1 ' S~I:
Fille! _ ~0
Congè
Angle Angle ~)lj ~)lj

'!r­
 ,
:MI ..:J~I ~\j

""-;.,,Ali ~1 1i~'jI~1 ~1.j~1 ~)JW" ~I

j.<wJl ..,.\.i;/I b.,r .)

(..r)
Branche Leg .J\.. J\..

Alésage Reaming Y~! C:r i\~·~ f.;;,~

Bouche Plug Ô,,)\.J.,.... 4,)1..l".,.... ,I.l,....

~~~-----~----- Faying Surfaces ------------------­ ..-.~(;....-

(;....- ,; j:";" (;....-

-----~~---- Milled Surfaces :<'-4-(;""­
...:.)<
Auvent, Appentis Penthouse u,.L u,.L

(.)
---_.........-----­ Lacing ------------­ J...",",~
...J ~.

Tension Tension ;.i •..w. ..t.:­

Bride, Boudin Flange p,JLi$' ,~ :u..;.

Mortaise Siol (lr~~I"..-~)~ ~'y)~

(..f')
Net, Nette Net ...,..JI.:- ''';l.o ";l.o
Choc: Impact Impact r..... r.....
-..._....._.........

---~

Grinding y..... y.....

écrous Nuts J,-\...... J,-I......
(JI')
Compression Compression .1.y...;... ,.1.\;..4;1 ,.J.i...;, .J.i...;,

Pièce de renfort Stiffener <,;; <,JI) ,,,;; :;,.J.j ,,;; d-"

(Jo)
Longitudinal Longitudinal .)~}- ,j}­ j}'

- I l t­
 l :;JI ..::J...u.....a11 !!lU
..,-J~I~I ~I j.o\.!J 1 ~I .J t's....11 ~)JW'~I

1$;J.f~1 ........~I h.,s".J

(e)
Facteur Factor ~
'-"i.>o Joi.>o
Membre Member ~ ~

Inertie Inertia ;)1..i.J\ J.,-.<JI ,<lu.... (.)1;' J"""') >-lu....

Colonne Column
'r>­ 'r>­
Composant Components
""l,S' r ,.; '" ~ r"Ls.

(t)
.. ...._-----
_~-
Countersunk
Head ct'1)1 'IJ,-.
..r"

(J)
Expansion
Joint de Dilatation
Joint ""Ji '.l.., J ,J.t ~ü

Séparateur Separalor ~ü '.l..,ü

Effectif Effective }y,JW JW

Rondelle Washer y ~./} , ("J); '-i.l.. l5:li

(J)
Cisailler Shear .",; .",;
(..h
Excenlrique Eccentric ; ;J':;" 'J ~;; /:1

SOudure Weld riJ­ riJ-

Souder Il
Rapprochement
BultWeld ';-l; riJ­ ';-1;;;; riJ­
_ _-.._-----
....... Fillel Weld --------­ ~)Ij riJ­
~_ ... _------ PlugWeld ----~----- .:l J..l... rtJ-
Semelle; Selle
Tie Plaie .1>\;. c.) .l.;J c.}
d'arrêt

- \ t<>­
 •
;.11 ..::.>w.s.......I.l ~\i

.,-;}JI~1 ~1 ~1.j~1 .j »JW' ~I

..;;.#"JI , ~i..:JI
w
..r1...':I1 h§

(r)
Flush "J" L-;".
<­ d'L..:,.
en zigzag Zigzag ~ ~ '(.1"'-' (.1"'-'

Intermittent Intermittent F "~

1­

Drille Drill ylè... yili..

Built up
c,5",. ~

Axially Loaded
--~--------- 4n" u,.,,!,
Axe Axis
Jr Jr
Axillaire, Axially
Axialement
I,Jr <'?Jr
Laminé Rolled v".... v"....
Agrafe Fastener ';l,)Î f,~ '~r .k,J"
Surfae Brute Gross Area 41J...1 ~L.-. a,Jlr.) i.>- L,.,..

Surface daus les

Net Area ~L.,., 4.-~ :yL,., i.>-L,.,..
oeuvres
Surface Effectif Effective Area ;Jw i.>-L,.,.. ;Jw i.>-L,.,..

et Boulons Bolts a,J j.. ft' L,.,.. , j.. fi" L,.,..

l,j

Transversal Transverse ../'-'~ .ffo-'

Plan; Surface
Plane ~c:la- ,~ ",.....
plane " "
Alésoir Reamer Ô)~,~ ;;J~'~

épingle
'J'y:' 'Jr 'JI...........

Pin JL-....
Ji->
Coefficient Coefficient
J-\.... J-\....
Module Modulus fi\.... fi\....

Joint, Jointure Joint :u...) ,~ ;ü..pJ (~

Dimension Size ,.=- 'J'li.. J'li..

- \ ! ',­
 l :;1\ ;;"~I t'Ii
~I.J~' )JJI...S" ~I
.,,-;.,411 ~I .;:r.)i-"JI ~I
j.tl.!J1 ..,.\..,;!:il hp .J
<r)
Section Brule Gross Section J~ld..v JL..,-! e:W-­
Fraisé Milled J-/- ,L·v ...,.,..Î.f.­

(0»
Ténuité; ;J!j. ü!j.
Siendemess
Minceur
Coefficient Slenderness
;Üt,....;j\ ~-J üb..:J1L.,;
d'élancement Ratio
------- Box type .})J.;.... ti .})J.;.... ty
(-)
---~--- ....- Simple Frame J......, c?,.o J......, j>:,..
Charpente
Rigide
Rigi<! Frame (r'l.". c?,.o rrl.". j>:,..
(J)

âme Web li.)." ôpJ)

Joints. Reliage Conneclion .iL') <1,..)

épissure Splice <1,..) •..,.s\;:)4 .iL ') <1,..)

(1$)
Saisir. serrer Grip .!.L-,..\ •J ,1 ~

- \ !v­
 (, i!.) .,;..lll

~;.l!I-~1 J J}-I ..,....".. i.;i.r ••.• 11 ";"1..-1\. al!

..,..-J;Al1 ~I ~I ,,.i••i..:J1 ~I .J ~I ~JJ W" ~I

.; ;.l!I-~\ .....\..I~I .~~ .J

(A)

Alignrnent Alignment ' f i ) ,iU,\;<,~.,J> 'LolA;....,1 'LolA;....,1

Angle Angle 4.t)ij ~J\j

Axillaire,
Axialernent
Axially ~.JY c?JY
--------- Axially loaded ---------------- ~JY ;J..s.

Axe Axis JY JY
(B)

Poutre Bearn i".s ,l.,.:;;- )l>.­

Portée Bearing J....:- ~

Fléche Bending .U:I .U:I

et Boulons Bolts aJ).. ft'\....... aJ)..

, ft' \.......

"",I".s ,4J J""""' "" l;:>'

Poutre Creuse Box Beams 4J J""""' Jlr­
4J J""'"
--------- Box type ..}J""'" t.i ..} J""""' t.i
Renforcement Bracing "'":;l5::.!J" "'? ,~<:; ...:..?v
i.~.J.:l .~LJ:.I C~'jl
Flambage Buckling J.\J...;I
\",,;1
C'
--------- Built up -.,.S'" ~

Barre en
Built-up
Plusieurs y" .l..a.?Î ,~.l..a.?Î ~ ~L.as-Î
Mernbers
Pièces
Souder à
Rapprochement
ButtWeld .;.-W# ';'-W tlJ.

- \ fA­
 (0 .,...a, tI\i

l ,'4h ..:,..i.o...I.I.....U

.,-;.,AlI ~I ~I J-i..!.ll~' .; ~....l., ~)J 1.5~,

4/}#'1' J'1...~1 bp.;

(C)
Courbure Camber I..f""z ,..,.:"A -:..\> 1 '-I~

Coefficient Coefficient ,f-ol.... J'I....

Colonne Column .~ ,~

Composant Components ~~ ",.4 ,..;:.>\;';:"" r"t:..

Compression Compression j, y..;... ,j,1.i.,;,.;1 ,lai..,;, ~

Joints, Reliage Connection cL..o) ti..)

Countersunk
--------- Head
Î
U'o' 'I..rl-l.:.
Grue Crane t l i / ,WI) WI)

--------- Cripple ------------------------ --- .)1,.";1.

(D)
Charge Morte Dead Loads <SL... Jll-Î '4 ,)ll-Î 4 Jll-Î
Déformation Deformation l~ •y:.:;
,
Planche à
Diaphragme

Diaphragm
•
<I)LY
1
J) j>rlo-

Rivage Drift pins .

, )..:...., ,,<)L....... ftily.

Drille Drill <-,li!:,.. o..:-:\..a.

(E)
Excentrique Eccentric :?/,'-'':i ..;;:? /'1
Effectif Effective J:r ,Jw Jw
Surface Effectif Effective Area dJw ~·w ;Jw""........
érection Erection ~,~ '-'
.. / .
Dilatation Expansion ,..\.1 :.J.1
Joint de Expansion
~.:i.d . .i.., ) ,;:..;.1 ~li
Dilatation Joint

.., ~ t ~-
 (V ..;-Jil <!! \1

l ,"m to.:;Jl.... u' nl!

""""...Àh ~1 ~1 .}ot..:.Jl ~1 J ~I .J ')J \.oS' ~1

11#.,#1 .....l.,..';il ;"y
(F)
____6 _________________________

--------- Fabrication Ci"'"

Facteur Factor J-~ ...I.-~
Désamorçage Failure J.:.i '.l\.)1 ...\.!..i I}..i.
.1
Agrafe Fastener ,~ _,J.j obi ,~ 4Ûa.:/ .1.,.,.­
___________ ~M _ _ _ _ _ _. ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Faying
--------- Surfaces ......."*"C;....

Matiére Fillers ..:;..t!~ ,.,;...tl~

Languette,
Fille! :")Ij ~ ,~,JL,.,;I
.
Congé <.?J'j

--------- Fillet Weld -----------------~------------ :"h rl..l

Lissage Finishing rli1 ..\J.! •\J.I•
Bride, Boudin Flange ~,.....Ji..éS' ,~ ti.,.';.

--------- Flush doL....:,. doL....:,.

(G)
Poutre Girder :w.J~ Ij6. ..,.,-.!J j6.
.li> \,.,..... ",1.- jl '.l\.à.lO,.
Gouge Gouge ~
;..v J,-jl.,
--------- Grinding ~ ~
Saisir, serrer Grip .!1"...! ,~ .:.l--\,
•
Rainure Groove ~ <>Jl>Î , J.I>Î

Surtae Brute Gross Area <"ll6:-1 ~L...,. <"ll6:-! ~ L...,.

Gross
Section Brule
Section Jl6:-1 dW Jl6:-j dW
Mortier Liquide Grout ,WL.. "y ~ '~J.J
 ([.) J>olll ~\i
a :il! ';:;~I

..,..-;jili ~I ~I j.-uJl ~I J ~I J ~)JI..s' ~I

<ilM')l ......1..oI'J1 a~y

(Hl
Trou, Orifice, ...,.....'
Hale 4~',,-:-,-~
Ouverture
(1)
Choc; Impact Impact ÎJ..~ ,.J..->

Impact
--------- Loads
rJ..-> ...,lo-\
1 •
rJ..-> Ju-Î

Inertie Inertia JI.il\ J~I ,;;.llh ("lb J-""") ;;.lu....

Intermittent Intermittent .J...<:...

th''' ~

(J)
Joint, Jointure Joint tL... • ,
~ "ha. ~ tL... J 'J...a..
(L)
--------- Lacing ----------------- bù~
..J ~.

Lap JI­ JI­

. J' . .1

Latéral Laierai :..il>; -il>,.

Branche Leg JI~ ,jL.

Charge Mobile Live Load .!l~ y 'i./'"" JI'­ i./'""Y

Longitudinal Longitudinal .;'1)- 'J)' J)­
Longitudinal
---------
Spacing
----------------- <,J)- 'P
(M)

Membre Member y:,J' ~

Fraisé Milled ~):- ,j~i". ..."J..p

 «('::) J>-lll ~\i
1 ,-sU ~,,.II. aq

~I ~I j.<WJI ~I J ~I .J ~)J \.oS' ~I

~}ll ;JjJI."I' ..,.\...0':lI b.,r
(M)
Milled c}o- <.;:;.0.. c}o­
--------- Surfaces
4.!.:-r "4-C}o-

Module Modulus ;!\.... ft\....

(N)
Net, Nette Net ~~ <.jL,.. .jL,..
Surfacedaus <,iL,.. .....\...... <,iL,.. .....\......
Net Area
les oeuvres
Jabler Notches jJj>" ,,,,,W; ""W:;

écrous Nuts ..k--1Y'" ..k--1Y'"

(P)
Panneau Panel ~'r- ,..... }'C} ....')1.,

Pénétration Penetration JI?,I JI?,I

Auvent
Penlhouse ~ ~
Appentis
épingle Pin J\..o ,,-,,,J, 'JY- 'JL...-. JL...-.
Plan; Surface
Plane >'-' e:h-- '>'-' >'-'
plane
Bouche Plug Ô.l!...L.,.. .. JJ...l..,.. ,I.l.,..

--------­ PlugWeld ------------~--- '~r\..J..

poinçonnage Punching f-/ (-/
(R)
Alésoir Reamer •/,A." <J-.­ i J; " 'J-.­
Alésage Reaming ..,., ~I C::' .i'j>.­ ;!Y"'j>.­
Encastré Restrain l5'ri ..I,l 'c::f' 1_);

- '0,"­
 (0 J"'ollI t!U
l
•.àh ~;..Ih .,ll
~1 ~I ~IJ~1 J ~)J4S'~1
....-';il 1 <1;.J.f';1 J.-l.!J1 ......\...o'j, i~y
Rigide Rigid ",\"'" ",\"'"
Charpente
Rigide
Rigid Frame ",\"'" J'Y> ",\"'" J'Y>
Rivet Rivet rL:.. Ji tU J'
laminé Rolled J'l-'-' J'l-'-'
(8)
Séparateur Separator J.oü l.L,..ü

Cisailler Shear
'-"" ...,..;
Sidesway ;....;\.,.,.
_. .... 1'1
J# ;....;\.,.,.
_. ....1·1
J~

Ténuité; ...li
Sienderness <.ili
Minceur
,
Simple Simple ~ J.,...,
Simple Frame J.,..., J'Y> J.,...,J'Y>
Dimension Size ~ 1.V'La.. J'lA.
Coefficient Sienderness ...\.,.,.:ll ........ ~~I~;
d'élancement Ratio
Mortaise Siot (..;..;. ~,y) ~ (..;..;. ~,y) ~

Portée Span r. 'é." r. ,t"

épissure Splice l.L,..) ",,$\,:1,, l.L,..) l.L,..)
Piéœde
Stiffener ~.,z ~J\j I.~"z ~ "".0; ~
renfort
Effort Stress '~l ,~!

Entreliose Strut .J.j.w, Jl5:.;. , ...u-, A,....ts.:,

Support Support J.:....o 'j$'J

(T)

Déchirement Tear J;,t cl;,t

 (~) J"ll1 ~i1
',;h \,:Jl"'.1'= aH

~1 I,fj:lf'jl ~1 ~lJ~l J~)JW" ~1

..,-;}JI .}L.:JI .....1...':11 i~ §

(Tl
Tension Tension jj ,J...!;. .>..!.

col-<le-cygne Throat ..;J>­ ..;J>­

lien, Attache Tie .k~) .t.k-u ~)
Semelle; Selle
d'arrêt
Tie Plate J,~) ci ..6,) C}
Transversal Transverse ,f~ ,f~
Transverse
---.------------­ -~-------~-~------------- a...,Qr--~~
Spacing
Ferme Truss ~'J~ J~

(U)
Sculèvement Uplift c!) &
(W)

J"} , (.'J)) ;;.;U,..

Rondelle Washer ..<.!;
Y~

âme Web '}) i pi,

Soudure Weld rI).. rLJ...

(Z)
en zigzag Zigzag ~~'C~ cP
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2- Manual 01 Steel Construction,

Th
Allowable Stress Design, 8 .Edition.
Amerlcan Instltute 01 Steel Construction, Inc.
1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 30601.

3- Manual of Steel Construction, AISC

Th
Allowable Stress Design, 9 Edition.
American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc.
1 East Wacker Drive, Su~e 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601.

4- Steel Structures, Design and Behavior.

2 nd Edition, 1980.
Salmon and Johnson.
Harper and Row, Publishers, New York.

5- Designing Steel Structures

Methods and Cases
Cooper With Chen
Prentice - Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, 1985.

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