Academe Fuuac Exon Reve w 4.16 REVIEW EXERCISE 1, Perform the indicated operation. (a) 52.426 (b) 378475 ace = 156 847 (co) 347674 (a) 87722272 268 125 +847 888 (e) 36.265 ~ 12.87 (f) 534.26 + 45.926 (g)36.5 x 11.7 (h) 57.436 + 9.92 2. Round off the following numbers as indicated. (a) 32 208 to the nearest hundred (o) 525 876 to the nearest thousand (6) 16 450 to the nearest hundred (d) 0.625 to the nearest tenth (e) 12.8356 to the nearest hundredth (f) 5.75 to the nearest tenth (g) 34.845 to the nearest hundredth if Estimate the following. (a) 36.25 x 17,895 — (b) 628.95 + 28.8 gg Tas i 41.6 63.25 x 18.65 Al Estimate the cost of the following {, 42 photo albums at $6.95 each (0) 18 purses at $18.95 each (c) 48 cookies at $0.12 each (d) 96 ride tickets at $4.75 each (e)8 radios at $49.95 each 5. Simplify. (a8 x 3-10 (b)8+6-5 ()21+7-1 ()7+6+2 ()@-4 +5 (f) 85 - 3) (g5+3x2 (h) 10 - 12+ 6 6. If E(x) = 5x, find EN) ()E4) (©) E12) (Gd) E(20) 7. Wx = 3,y = 4, andz = 2 evaluate the following algebraic expressions. (ax ty (b) 72 (c) 3x — 4 (d) 5xy (e) 102 + 5 () 2x + 32 - 2y QA ENIINNATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 9. 8. Ify = 2, state the value of each of the following (ay? (b) 3y® (yt (9) y + 8" (e)ys = 4 (f) Sy? (g) (y (h) (7 = ye 9. Simplify (a) 6x + 4x (yay ty + Ty (d) 7x + 3x = 2x (f) ty — 3y ~ 4y (h) 20y + Sy — tty (0) 12x - 7x (e) 10x — x ~ 4x (g) 9z + 32 - 4z 10. Simplify. (a) 56 + (7 x 13) () 77 ~ (48 = 2) (0) 56 + 4x 13 (a) (41 + 5)(63 — 4) (e) (61 — 11) + (16 = 2) (Bx 3- 6+ Mx9 44. Simplify the following. (a) 3.6? = 1.24 2.5 x 5.58 (b) 4.8(16.2 — 12.3) + 1.8 + 5.7 - 46 (c) (4.5 -— 2.6 x 3.2) x 21 — 4.65 (d) 8.5? — (3.75 + 2.13) x 4.5 (e) 3.5(4.6 + 2.7) — 3.2? + 2.25 Ts a 42. Ifx = 4,y = 5, and z = 3, find the value of each of the following. - (a) (x + yy + 2) (b) 2x(3y'+ 8) (c) (2x — 3)(8z + 4) (a) 7xy ~ Byz ox + 2y+2 (Zt? me dice + 0 43. Ifr = 4,8 = 3, andt = 2, find the value of each of the following, (a) 5r? — 7s (bo) + 2 + (c) 3r’s — 6t (d) (5s?) — 4st © 2 - 3s +1 ) 2s* — 6rt t itp 28 5t-6 BF + (3)? (9) r+s (ny et ae 0) Ts (58 Se + ae Wires r-—s+t) ()e-stt14, Simplify. (a) 97x + 13y — 14x + 15y (b) 15x? + 43x? + 7x + 3x (c) Sx + 6y +4 + 11x + Sy 73x? + 15x? + 8x? — 8 (e) Bay + 4yz + 17xy () Or + 78 + 128 + 16 15. valuate for x= & ¥ (a) +95 hea 3 (0) By + gy, + (cy on iy 8x + a - a (A) 3x + Sx + 2x + 7x? (e) 9x + 8xy — 7x + Sxy () 78 + 3? — y2 + at 16. Substitute and find the value of the indicated variable. (a) IfA = € x w, find A when ¢ = 27 om and w= 22cm, (b) IP = 2(€ + w), find P when ¢ = 53cm and w = 47 om. () fA = Joh, find A when b = 406 cm and = 168 cm. (d) fA = f(a + b)h, find A when = 194.0m, a = 64cm, and b = 78 om. ‘ willy wh, find V when € = 34cm, = 16cm, and h = 9om. () WP = 2(C + w), find P when ¢ = 3.7 om and w = 2.8.cm. (g) HA = 3a + b)h, find A when a = 3.8 cm, b = 4.7cm, and h = 4.5m. 17. For C = ad, and A = a, find the circumference and area for each of the following circles. (a)r = 76cm (oa ()r=25m (4 840m 37m 18. Find the area of the shaded figure. 28 tom 10m 50m i2m 42m An Air Canada jet takes off every two jinutes for eighteen hours every day, seven days per week. How many take offs are there for Air Canada in one year? Boris earns $5.50/h and Debbie earns ‘25/h. Together in one weekend, they earned $88.50 for 15 h of work. How many hours did they each work? The length of a rectangle is 3.2. em longer ian the width. The perimeter of the rectangle is 25 cm. What is the length of the rectangle? JSNDDENDER Put the numbers from 1 to 9 in a spaces to make the statements true. -E+b=s8 APPLICATIONS OF WHOLE NUMBERS AND DECIMALS 352, (a) 182 (b) sew (c) 82 (¢) S5men 3. (a) By (b) 75 (c)5 (d) 6 {e)3 (1) 2 (9) 5y, {hy 5e 4, (a) 15340 (b) 216%yw (c) 405xeyt (4) 561rst (e) 287xyw (f) treywe {9} 55tpacst (h) 1075x°~0" (i) 1856442 (1) 1224pe0%68 a) Bz (b) 20 (c) 18y (4) t2ay (2) 458 (i) ate (g) 19 (h) 14st (i) ast 8. (2) 2y (b) ox (0) 2 (d) 3x fe) (4) 12 (120 - (hh) 1502 (4 (j) 10 7. (a) 2duny: 576 {b) 050 (c) Awary; 192 (d) 50wxy; 1200 (2) taney; 1728 (1) 2avory: 576 | 8, (a) 1967.5, (b) 2188.3 (c) 187 (a) 02 (e) 336 (1)79 (g) 84 (h) 65.1 (i) 6017 0) 148 : EXERCISE 1.12 1. (a) 420m (b) 706 m 2, (a) 1280m (b) 872m 3. (a) 86.0m (b) 474m 4, (a) 288. (b) 1048m 5. (a) 7.0m (b) 481m 6, (a) 1984 om? (b) 14.847 me (2) 1521 om? {b) 9844 me 8, (a) 168 cm? (b) 4061 m? 9. (a) 532 em? {1b) 9333 m? 10. (a) 92 ome {b) 738 m? 11. (a) 96 ome (o) 418m 42. (a) 300m? (b) 1001 me (a) 843 om? (0) 2197 m* EXERCISE 1.13 | 1. (a) 94.20m (b) 878.2 m 2. (a) 314m? (0) 1808.64 m? if 3, (a) 4710 om? (b) 4019.2m 4, (a) 796.25 om? (b) 65.42 0m° | EXERCISE 1.14 1. 222m 8, 2620 om 4, 980724 me? 5, 419 449 om* 7. 4.729109 8. 14.921.28.0m° | 9. 7234.56 om? 11. (a) 96 me () 208m? 12. (a) P= 52m, A= 112m, A = 74.24 m? (c) P= 5t.dom, A = 157 om? | (4) P = 2871 m, A = 34.00 mF 2m, A= 74 ine (1) B= 5784m, A = 132,39 m? 1.16 REVIEW EXERCISE 4. (a) 92766 250 (b) 221 628 (c) 1.453.660 (a) 258 {e) 29.305 (1) 580.186 (a) 427.05 (h) 6.789 919.355, 2, (a) 32200 (b) 526 000 {c) 16.400 (a) 06 (e) 12.84 (1) 58 {g) 9484 3. (a) 700 (b) 21 (c) 875 (a) 04 4: (a) 870 (b) $380 (c) $5 (4) $420 (e) $400 5. (a) 14 (b) 9 (c) 2, (9) 10 {e)9 (1) 16 (g) 1 (h) 8 | 6.(a)5 ib) 20 (c} 60 (6) 100 Tay? (o) 14 (0) (c) 60 {e) aa (a) 4 {b) 24 {c) 3 (a) 25 (e) 15 (1) 20 (g) 100 (h) 125 | 9. (2) 10x {b) tty (c) 5x (a) & (e) &x (1 ay (g) ez (h) 14y >. (a) 147 (b) 63 (0) 182 (3) 2714 (e)5 (172 11. (a) 2475 (b) 1.5 (c) 20.408 (2) 45.79 (0) 17.56 42. (a) 72 (b) 160 (0) 65 (6) 95 (e) 16 (F) 604 ANSWERS 48719. (a) 59 {b) 29 (c) 192 (a) 2a (0) 12 (tt (9)$ {h) 16 (61 (1) 69 (k) 27 (nat 14, (a) 83x + 28y {b) 58x + 10x (o) 16x + ty + 4 (d) axe +730 (9) Atay + 4yz (1) 24r + 198 45. (a) 32 (b) 72 (0) 82 (0) 54 (e) 82 (f) 62 46. (a) 594 om? {b) 200 om {c} $4 104 em? (d) 18.774 ome (0) 4896 ome (f) 130m (g) 19.125 om 17, (a) © = 447.28 em, A = 18196.64 em? (b) © = 263.76 om, A = 5538,96 om? (c) G = 15:7 m, A = 19.62.m (4) © = 14.62 m, A = 10.75 m? 18. 1256 me 19, 197 100 20. Bors: 7h; Debbie: 8 h 24. 7.85 0m 1.17 CHAPTER 1 TEST 1. (a) 38 884 (b) 260.791 (c) 7686.9 (4) 928 2. (a) 2.658 (b) 344 (c) 63.500 3. 48 4, (a) 62 (b) 05 (o)2t4 5. (a) 14 (b) 98 (02 6. (a) 25 (b)1 7, (a) 10.26 (b) 20 8. (a) 6xyz. (b) x + Ty + 5xy (c) 8x + & (4) 10x + 5y 9.11.94 om? 40. 4415,625 om REVIEW AND PREVIEW TO CHAPTER 2 PERCENT 4. (a) 05 (b) 0.25 (0) 0.75 (d) 0.4 (e) 0.15 (1) 02 (g) 0.24 (h) 037 (i) 0.42 (1) 081 (k) 0.93 (1) 062 (mn) 0.08 (n) 0.05 (0) 0.242 (p) 0.187 (q) 0.604 (1) 0.828 {s) 0.915 (1) 0.386 2.(a) 24 (b) 144 (0) 652 (4) 78 (e) 47.52 (1) 16 (9) 5.39 (hn) 2480 3. (a) 2975 (b) 5742 (c) 386.1 (aes {e) 100.8 (1) 130 (g) 105 (h) 100 PROBLEMS 4.91125 2, 625 km 9, $66 635 4, $628125 5. 1th 6. 125 7. 18870 000 kg a7 9. 2958 kg 10. 13 PERIMETER, AREA, AND VOLUME 4. (a) 30m (b) 832 om (0) 47m (d) 644 m 2. (a) 966 ome {b) 225 mt (c) 45.24 m (d) 7623 om? 8. (a) 198m? (b) 729 em* EXERCISE 2.1 1. 50987 2, 01:28 1! Possibilities: 15 cm by 7-em, 10.5 em by 10 cm, 21 om by 5m, 30 om by 3.5 em 4. $4.35 5. 35 6. 24 ways 7. 143.5 om and 206.5 om 8, $20.18 and $26.65 8. 81, 82, and 83 40. 450.000 000 41, $940.62 42, 176 13. 120 44, (a) 15:00 {b) 11:00 15. 1194 16: 90 min and 57 s 47. 11.8740 1 h 46 min 40s 18. 20 20. January 1, December 31 21, $6500 22, 47, 78, 128 23, 40 24.7 25, $161.87 26. 1273 km (to the nearest kilometre) 27. 150m 28. 25.2m 29. 217 90. $941.60 81, Angwers will vary. 32. 237 33. 6 34. 11-260 35. 800m ‘86, one thousand 37, Answers will vary. 488 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 97.19 REVIEW EXERCISE Write the degree of each polynomial. (a) 5a% + Gab%c - 12 (b) 7xyz - 3x2 + 2y (0) 97°52 — 4r8t? + 315% 2, Simplify. (@){ex? + 8x — 7) + (ax? ~ 2x ~ 8) (Dyiay? + By ~ 6) + y= 4y - 9) (c) (1 — 2m — 3m®) + (Sm? ~ 2m ~ 8) (a (at — 38 + 13) + (1 — t- F) 3. Simplify. (a) (2X2 + 3x + 7) — (2 = 5x ~ 9) (p) (GE — 6t — 9) ~ (7 + Bt + 6) (c) (1 — 8m — 2m’) — (4m + 6 — Sm?) (a) (4y? - 4y - 1) - © ~ By - 6Y) 4, Simplity. fa) (@eyoxy") {b) (—3ment) (2m?) (0) (— 1 1r°st)(— 91st) (6) (12x) 4°)(~ 4) 5. Calculate the area of each figure. @ ‘, 6, Simplify. (a) (4xeyz)* (b) Grst')> (c) (~2mn?p)* (a) (—d2eet")s {e) (~ 5x2} (By (2x2y8z)(— xyz") eee ad EEE ——— 7. Expand and simplify. (a) 2 + 3) — 5K + 1) + 2K — 5) (b)3(2y + 8) + aly + 8) — 4y~ 4) () —G@ ~ 1) + 2x + 8) ~ Bx 1) (a) 2(2x ~ 8y) ~ 48x + 2y) 8. Expand and simplify. (a) 2x(4x — 3) Sx + 1) (b) 5t(3t ~ 4s) - 2(5t — 65) (@) axy(2x — Sy) + 2xy(x ~ 3y) {d) 3mn(m — 6n) — mnigm + 2n) (e) yx + y) — x7 ~ YD 9. Simplify. Assume no denominator is equal to zero. att 20x82 @) 38 ©) Tay —15min® (©) 3mn 18a°b? (©) gab? ox -ty-iz" @) 2252? 40. Divide. Assume no denominator is equal to zero. gre () oon = oma @ 21arb?c — 14ab2c? — 35a*bc? —Tabc kre teat we =x +11. Find an expression for €. 12. Find the GCF of the following. (a) 14xyz,, 7xy, 2tyz (0) 10%, 1Sab?, 25a" (6) 2arest, 26rs%, 32rst™13. Find the missing factor. (a) 2xy (Hi) = 4x°y? 20m*n?p 12xty? —24arb'c 14. Factor. (a) 3m2n + 6mn (0) 8xy + 4xz + 2x (©) 20x%y2 + 15x2y2 — Bxy? (6) 141t = 7r + irs 15. Expand and simplify (a) (x — 8)(K + 5) (bd) (x + 2)(K - 3) (co) (2y — 1)(8y — 2) (d) (2x + 1)(2x ~ 1) (e) (Gz — 2)(8z — 2) (f) (2t + 1)(6t + 3) 16. Factor. (aje-x-6 () m? + 6m - 27 (e)s* — 148 + 33 (g) m? — 18m + 12 () ® - 201 + 99 (b) x? — 13x + 42 (d) + 18t + 80 (f) x2 + 2x — 35 (hye - at - 24 @) + Gr — 16 17. Factor. (a) 2x¢ + 5x — 3 (c) 9r? + 24r + 7 (e) 40s? + 178 ~ 12 (g) 25x? +,20x,+ 4 (i) 6m? — 238m + 15 (b) 208 + 11t- 3 (a) 10m? — 29m + 10 (f) 2ty? + 25 - 4 (h) 14b2 — 1b + 2 () ay? + 5y— 8 18. Expand. (a) (x — Ke +7) (b)(m + 5)(m - 5) (c) (2x — 3)(2x + 3) (d) (4t + 5)(4t — 5) (e) (2m — 1)(@m + 1) (f) & — WK +») 19. Factor. (a) x — 100 (b) a? ~ 81 (c) men? ~ 64 (d) 1 — sett (e) 25x? — ay? (f) 16a? — 9b? 20. Expand. (a) (2x — 1? (b) (3m + 4)? (0) (6m + 7)? (d) (4t - 3)? (e) (6x - yy? (f) (9b ~ 2wye 21. Expand and simplify (a) (x2 = 2x ~ 2)(2x — 1) (b) (Bz - 22 + 1)(2z - 1) (c) (2y* — By — 4)ly + 2) 22. Simplify. (a) (K ~ 7) — 2) — (& — 4x + 1) (b) Sty — 2)y — 3) = (y — S)ly + 2) + (©) 2x ~ 3)(2x + 1) — 2x ~ 1) + 1) (6) 42 - ) +7 22 — 2) + 222 - 92 + 2) 23. Expand and simplify. (a) (x? — 3x = 2)(2x — 1) (o) (2 ty + My ~ 2) (©) 2(z — 3)(2z — 1) — 3(8z ~ 1)z + 2) (d) (Bx? = 2x = 2)(x + 1) There are 24 fence posts spaced evenly ‘Around a rectangular field. The posts are 2m apart. Eight posts form the length. (a) How many posts form the width? (b) What is the area of the field? (BB: What number times itself is 65 5367 . What is the maximum number of times ‘our straight lines can intersect? JUNDEENDER A sports store has a number of bicycles, tricycles, and wagons for sale. There are an equal number of tricycles and wagons, There is a total of 60 pedals and 180 wheels. How many bicycles, tricycles, and wagons are there in the store? ALGEBRA 2552.(a) ax + 12x +9 {b) 25x — 20x + 4 (c) 50x + 60x + 18, (d) 4y2 — 20y + 25 (0) 18- ay +8 (f) 12. ~ 6oy + 757 (9) 92 + 422 + 49 (h) dz — 202 + 25 (i) 100 ~ doz + 1622 (1) 9 + 48t + 64) (i) 49 + S65 + 165" (1) 8 + 72r — 162 8. (a) Wye + Bey +1 (b) st — 6st + 9 (c) 5p? + 20pq + 20 () 9xeye + Gey + 4 (eo) yizt + t4yz + 49 ({) 75y8 — Soxyz + 3x22? (9) 4xeye — 12xy 49 (h) 25x82" + 80xz + 64 (i) B6xty2 + 96xy + 64 (}) 25% + TOxyz + 49yez (i) sey? ~ S6xy + Bt (1) = 28%? — 20rst — 4 4.(a) + 9 (0) & — 7" (o) (at + 2)° (d) (m — 77 (2) (10 - (1) Gm + 79 EXERCISE 7.17 1. (a) xe 4x - 3 (b) xe + 8x ~ 14 (c) &e + x ~ 95 (0) 12x + 29% 4 15 2 (a) x8 — Tee + 12 4 (b) Bye + 5x — 27K + 4 (0) Be ~ 78 ~ 11x + 10 (@) Be ~ 5x? = 19x + 15 (e) xt — 4x8 — ae 4 tox - 8 Uf) xt + 2x0 + 17K — 10 [g) 6x! — 1990 + ae + 19x — (h) xt — 18° — 138 + 40K ~ 5 8. (a) + axe + ac + (b) 2e - 9 + 13K —6 (0) Se + 7 4 x + 21 (d} 38 + yt — 12y +9 (e) 39° — 14y2 + ty ~ 9 (f) Bx + Ox + 0x + 15 4. (a) 65° — 195° + 195 - 6 (b) or — 21 + 5 +6 (c) Be + 172 = 12x {d) 8 ~ 18t + 118 — 3° (2) 20 — 192 + Stv ~ 95, (ee — P= + 21 (9) 6 + 3e - 2x - 5. (a) 8x + Bx? — 17x + 20 {b) 2 — 7x + 8 ~ ae 8 (a) 5x -y {b) 5y ~ 16 {c) 3x? — 5x (0) Bx? + x + 12 (e) 28 4+ 11x +6 (1) 2y8 + By ~ 1 7. (a) Be + 10x + 4d (eyes Soe 12 (a) y= oy 8 (4) 2x2 + 19% + 51 8. (a) 28 (b) 8 + 18-23 © (c) ~30x + 55 (d) 8x® — 25x - 73 9. (a) 3x2 ~ 20x + 46 (b) @ - 10x + 19 (oye 3 (a) —% #13 (e) 18¢ 76x 419 (1) 144 4 72 10. (a) x8 + Se + Sx HT (b) x? + 6x? + 12x + 8 (0) + 9x + 27K + 27 (d) S30 — 6x8 — 30x + 18 [e} 44° + 4x2 + 20x ~ 24 11 (a) Bx ~ Bye (b) Be + 50x - 5 (c) 5x - 96x +7 (d) 5x2 — 26x + 178 {2} ~3 + xy + By (f) Sx + Buy + Ty? (g) ~21x¢ + 21 th) @ 9a + 41 (i) 6x — 27 (]) 8x8 ~ 48x + 25 12, (a) 98 Oe + 24x — (b) 2y5 + 19y* + 25y ~ 10 EXERCISE 7.18 1. approximately 11.6.4 2. 961 8 28% 4, 98, 39, and 40 se 8. Caroline's transportation budget will be exhausted atter the 24th weak. She wil need $266.67 to complete the year. 8.8 9. 83 40. (a) 10 (b) 6 11. 602070 12, $30.89 18, 506.5 me 45, (a) 380 games (b} nin — 1) games 16, Sam walked 16 kn, Gory walked 27 km. 47. 120 posts 18. 15 19. $1.76 20. 18m and 24m 21. 61 me 22, 40 squares 28. tand4 7.19 REVIEW EXERCISE 4.(a) 5 (by 3 (07 2. (a) +x ~ 12 (b) By ~ y ~ 15 (¢) 2m? - 4m ~ 7 (a) ae = t+ 14 3. (a) x + &x + 16 (b) ~4v = 1245 (0) m= ~ 7m ~ 5 (a) toy? — y - 6 4, (a) 2009 (b) —6mnt (c) gore (d) aay 5. (a) 35x (b) 25x'y2 518 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 96. (a) 6&xey2? (e) ~675x"y" 7.(a) «= 9 8. (a) 3x ~ 11x {e) xy +0" 9.(a) at 2 (ea 10, (a) Sxty — Baye (c) —Sa? + 2c + Sac 14. 3x8 = 2x + 4 13, (a) 2xey 4, (a) 3rmnim + 2) (co) Sxy44x® + 3x ~ y) 18 (a) x04 2x ~ 15 (6) ¢ — 1 46, (a) be + 2)&x — 9) (e) (8 ~ Ns — 1) (i) = at 11) 17, (a) (x + 3)(2x - 1) (d) (2m = 56m ~ 2) (g) (x + 2\(5x + 2) G)y - ay +9) 18. (a) x ~ 49 (4) 168 — 25 49. (a) (X + 10)(x ~ 10) (d) (1 + 6t)(1 — 6) 20. (a) axe — ae 4 4 (3) t0P ~ 24t + 9 2. (a) 2x! — Bx — 2K + 2 22. (a) x + 18 (e) -28 — 14x - 4 23, (a) 2x8 — Te x + 2 (c) —52% — 292 + 12 24. (a) 6 7.20 CHAPTER 7 TEST (a) 9@ = 2x14 (a) —11 (a) ay - 92 + 4) (a) 8x + 13x ~ 8 (a) (« — 4) + 8) ( 1. 2 4. 5 8 7. (a) 20 + x TK 2 {b) 24ar (c) t6mén?p* (a) - arene {) exyee (b) 4y +97, (0) xt + 9K +2 (a) -8x ~ 14y {b) 5i? ~ 8st (ec) By — 29" (a) ~ 17m? () =F (o) Smn® (d) ~16e = = tye 2st (Nae (9) Eye (nh) “a (b) -3mne = 4 {a} 8 te te EX 42. (a) 7 {b) Sab (c) 4rst (5) 4mnp (c) ~4ey (d) —30% (b) 2xtay + 22 + 1) ig) Tat — 1 + 38) (bye - x= 8 {o) 68-77 4.2 (e) oa - 122 + 4 (for + 13 (b) (x = 8x ~ 7) {e) (m ~ 3)(m + 9) (d) (t+ B)it + 10) (1) & ~ 5) +7) tg) im — im — 12) (he OL + 4) (i) = 2) + 8) () (at + 9)5t ~ 1) (e) s + 4)(8s — 3) {h) (2b ~ 1)(7 — 2) (b) m* = 25 {e) ame = 4 tb) (a + la ~ 9) (e) (x + 2y)iox - 29) (b) ome + 24m + 16 (e) 36x ~ t2xy + (b) 62 ~ 722 4 az ~ 1 (o) @r + yer +7) te + ity = 1) (b) 2y@ ~ 12y + 95 (a) 62? — 262 - 4 (a) P — ¥ (a) be + (b) 140m? 25, 256 (by 7-44 (c) 200" (b) xy + dy? 8. 2ey (b) (@x + 4)(3x — 4) fm — xem ~ 5) (c) 4-9 (fe {c) {mn + (mn — 8) (1) (da + Sbj(4a ~ 3b) (co) 25m? + 70m + 49 (1) stb? — s6bw + ave (c) 2y8 + P= toy ~ 8 26.6 (2) 6 ey — Gxt + ay (b) Setine(asn® ~ ma’ + 2) (b) 25t2 — ot + t (co) t+ 5x2 - 1) (4) (@m ~ 3m = 7) (b) — text = 99x + 13 REVIEW AND PREVIEW TO CHAPTER 8 ALGEBRA, EQUATIONS, AND INEQUALITIES 4, (a) 45x (d) A2xy « (g) 25x + 97y ()) 101 — 538 + 48t (nm) 43xy ~ Tae (p) 188% — 112y + 2 (3) —32.3% + 47.99 2. (a) 130.31 ~ 95:28 {d} 9.48% + 0.87) (g) 42.3% + 115.9x (J) 1.078 + 6.59 (p) 60x (e) — 19% {hy 65 ~ 94% {h) 107 ~ 60x + Bt {h} ate — Bae = Ox + 114 {@) 205% + 381y (b) -976.3 - 91.31 {o) ~41.6 + 138 (h) 6.370 + 6.64x + 1.16x (k) 2x ) ) } }58 = 1072 + Ge ) Dey + fOrx ~ Ay ) -52.8x ~ 24.1y (c) —12¢ + 46.6x (f) - 2.45% (i) 6.43y* — 2.199 sy ANSWERS 519© (2) 0°)(0°) (c) (b)(0)(0) (e) (27)(@°)(b)(b4) (b) (a2)(a"*) (d) (m?){m*)(m) (f) (a)(by(a?)(b*) 2. Simpiity aa’ a (b)DY +b? () n'? + @)xe+x e)atz a f) xe a 3. Simplify (a) (x)? (b) (a8) (c) (@°)* 5) Oy (e) (abo)* ) OP (9) (2°)? (h) (ab?) (i) Gat? () GFP {k) (Ga")® () (xtyz)s 4, Simplity. \? a 3x (e) %) 5. Simplity. {a) (5a°)(3a") (b) (4x2)(— 2x°) » (¢) (Baeb*)(2ab*) (d) (2x)5x*) (©) (Smn)(3m) ) (=48)(-3x4) {g) (8y)(Sy)(2y*) (h) (a)(2a*)(—3a*) () (—7)(— 2x8)( x?) 6: Simpify. (@) 12a° = 3a (0) Ba? {e) 30m? + (—6mi () (= 18ab%) + (~2ab) (g) 56pqr + 8pr (h) (—24a°b?) + (Ba%b’) Al) (15xty4) + (—Sxy) (b) 213298 + 7xy (d) 48men + 6mn “7, Simplity (ay(=2a09 wea" 0 (2) (2a)8a9P 5 atb\’ —s2a%)" ee (2) ” (222) ‘aBxey"? (‘seex\? @(535). oS) 8. Simplify. (@@enex ey Ce) (eye {12mén®)(— Smns) ) OF emone (212x8)(—4x%y) 4) = B2m"ent ©) Cen 9 emey(mny Pythagoras discovered that the square of a number can be obtained by adding a corresponding number of consecutive odd numbers. v=1 =1 Bats =4 F=1+3+5 =9 Ba14+ 34547 Batt+S+5+7+ The following BASIC program illustrates this fact. NEW QOD REM PERFECT SQUARES BY ADDING OS REM CONSECUTIVE ODD NUMBERS 330 PRINT "HOW MANY ODD NUMBERS"; bO PRIN’ iT Ty IF T < e#N-2 THEN PRINT "+"; I REAL NUMBERS 411. Simplify. (a) (°)(x-*) fe) (h(y4) ~ Ae) (afar \(a (g) (©-)(0%) 2. Simplity. (a) x + x (c) a + a® {e) m-§ = me (g)0 + ys 8. Evaluate. (aye (c) (~3)9 (ese (g)4-* 4. Simplity. (2) (88)(5x-2) ©) {2y°)(3y-*) (©),8m~92 IXERCISE 1.13 EXAMPLE 2. Simplify. ie 3 @) (2 © {5 SOLUTION: y \ 2)" fi a » (8) = @ nn) @ 7 | 5, i seal : Q \ B | i ! 9 fan bey)? EXAMPLE 3. Simplify. WIG) SOLUTION: (ere _ xe yey) © xy = xy? =y? or 7 (b) (a~")(a) (d) (b-"}(o-) (f) (00°) (h) (m)(m—)(m?) co (b)b? = (dx () nt (rym (o)2-1 (d) 10-' (f) 109 (nes (b) (a?b§)(ab-*) (J) ()0-9)0-) () (Ba*)(6a-4} {g) (m@n)(men~") @ Gry (k) (7mP)(m-fn-*) 5. Simplify. (a) (a) + (a9) (c) (24b-®) = (6b*) () 9+ +22 (h) (2a*b-s)s (i) Gxy")(7x¢y-) () Gar)Gas) ee = (4x9) (d) (men) = (mén® en ee) xe) (reat) = eo @ ey =) (hyiy'v) + ye Oe Tin (@x-)"Ge?) cal ‘ ) (40-5 (0) ep-0 () (2e)-s(4a-9) 6. Evaluate. (a) 5° + 51 (b) 3-7 4 4-1 6" Olevayr e)(@)"" (8) @gy (ys ba 0B) () 10 wa)? () (109)(10-8) REAL NUMBERS 43,J. (a) 30 km = 900 hm = 3000 dam = 30.000 m |. (a) 24, 4 (b) 54, 257 (0) 28, 8, 4° . (ayB (b) 9 (c) ~24 (9) 1 (h)7 (i) -35 (a) 160m! (b) 283m (co) BAB OM" “09 384 om®, 512 om? 352 erm, 503 om 1. 3 800 000 km* 9, (a) 21.5 om? 1 84on® 11.808 om? KERCISE 1.12 (a) xt (b) a (c) ’ (a) at (b)b (co) ne 4 (a) x* (b) a® (c) a%b® (9) 8x (h) ath? (i) al x a LO 5 ot ext o> we 5. (a) 189° {b) -axe (0) 6arb* (g) 30y* (h) ~Ga® (i) = 148 3. (a) dat (b) Sry (o)a (9) 74 (h) -3 a 78) “eae (by a eS (1) 200 3. (a) 16x" (b) 26° (c) ay XERCISE 1.13 1. (a) x (byt (e) & (f)x 2.(a) xe {b) b= (e) m= (in 3.(a) 4 ()} (2) at 4, (a) 15x" (b) ators (c) (g) (h) Ba%br® (1) 5. (a) & {b) a8 (0) ab (g) ot (hy y* (i) 164 6.(a) tf (b) 45 Or (g)1 (hy (i109 XXERCISE 1.14 3, 28 or 64 4.6 5, 1024 6. (a) 26 (b)6 (0) 12 7 ‘aye (b) 10 8.1) 12 (b)8 (o)3 9.20m 10.19 1.3 (b) 200 kg = 2000 hg = 20000 dag ~ 200 000 9 (d) 64, 36° (e) 44, 16%, 28 (1) 2, 8 (4) 54 (e) 27 (4 (oe (b) 5024 cm?, 33 493 cm* (4) 417 em®, 565 om? (b) 30.9 mm (c) 16.0 om? (a) we (2) ab (f) be (a) (eat (x (a) xy" (2) atbres (fy be (i) are Uk) 12598" (0) BHey22 ¥ at (5 oe 25at 9a (9) ee (0) (d) 10x" (e) 15m'n (fy 1a (d) 8m (e) -8 () 908 (co) (8) 36a" ~64xty"* ny = (9) ~64xy Ne (6) ~4me (0) -y (1) Amine (cl y' (g) b+ (gt (ha (cya (a)x# {0 thyme {o)1 Os wt (hy (oe (0) 9m? (1) t5a-¢ (i) 85x47 (ky tment (1) 18. (a) min (01 (1) satb# aye (i) 160° (ie (ag (9) 2 (f)4 Cie (k9 (ae (18 (eyo (att (e4 ANSWERS 507 | i2.21 REVIEW EXERCISE 1. Simplify, (a) ( + 3xy = y) + (2x — xy ~ 3y) (0) (=3x2 + 5x = 4) + (4x8 = 7x + 3) (c) (3x2 — 2x + 4) — (5x? - 7x + 8) (6) (2 + 3x ~ 6x?) — (3 ~ 4x — 5x*) (e) (2y + 3x9) + (X — Qxy2) — (2x2y + Sxy’) () (2x9 — Bx? + 7x — 2) — (x8 = 7x) + (4x2 ~ 3) 2, Expand and simplity. (a) 2x — 5)-— a(x + 2) (0) (« + 8)(2x — 4) (c) (x + 2? —3 (6) (x — 2y)(x + 2y) + ay? (2) 2x — 3) + 3K — 5) — 4(x + 2) f) (x = 4) — 7) — 2(x - 6) (g) (m + 2)? + (m ~ 7)(m + 7) + (m - 3)? 7\(w — 6) — 16 ( « (h) 2w — 8y(w + 4) — Ww — (l) (2x ~ 3)(Bx = 1) — (« ~ 4)(2x — 5) Gj) 5(@x + 2)x + 4) — (2x — 1)? + B(ax — 5) (x) 5(2t ~ tt + 3) ~ (t~ Qt + 7) ~ 6 (I) 6 — (Sx — 1)(4x — 3) — 2(6x — 5% 3. Factor. (a) 3mn — 9m2n — 12mn? (b)x? — x ~ 30 (oc) * - 81 (d) x2 + 8x + 16 {e) 36% - 49 (f) Sx{m — 7) — a(m - 7) (g) 2x? + 8x — 120 {h) x? — 14x + 49 {)) xy — 8x + 12xy? {j) 100m2 — 121 (W) 4m? + 28m + 49 (I) 25x? ~ 20x + 4 (m)5x"(m — n) — 2x(m — n) {n) Sx@ — 48 4, Simplify the following rational expressions and — the restrictions on the variables. Bxy — 26y @) Nee = 9x 0 By 6x ~ 30 x z Oye Oe x? — 25 Oxeers O By e+ 8 96 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 10 5. Express each of the following as rational expressions in lowest terms. Assume that all variables are restricted so that no denominator or divisor is equal to zero. (ay 25m, BONY? gy BAP tat Toxy * 5 By” Tae Kt4 16x. xe=4 x42 Re X x44 x44 +x = 9 Crs xsd x3 7-4) 6. Perform the indicated operations and simplify. Assume that all variables are restricted so that no denominator is equal to zero. 4 OFS a x 7x OS-5+% 7. Solve the following equations whose variables have domain R. (a) 8x — 5x + 2) = 4 (6) 3a + 2) - 2a +1) =5 (0) 3{a 1) + 2a+ 3 = 25 @x+2=3 (e+ 9-4 a () 3.5 = 1) = 18x 1 (g) (1 - 0.6x) = 1 - 52x ™ 2(e)x = arore’ (x= 28 c40x40 satbd4c#O ()k=c-bx=-beto A B(aye= i, 7 c (oyr= viovy Ly (0) © = el = ay @a-@ 4(aja= Bp EXERCISE 2.19 Ve (ayx>2 (b)a8 (o)x>7 (1) m= 40 ig) b> —4 (hess j 3 (a)x<-3 (o) x27 (c) m= -3 (a) x> -7 { {e)as—11 ()xs2 (g)x=5 | afajeso (b)x>1 (c) a> 12 (d) bee i (olxsit (as-4 (a) x> (h) x= ~ 4 5. (alas25 (db) x> -2 (eo) x= 25 (d)x>2 (o)x 245 (f)x=-25 4 } EXERCISE 2.20 1 1. 240m 2, 1250 om* 3. 676 ome 4.320m 5.75mby 7.5m 8. 2cans 7.411 om 8 80 ne 9. 2am 10. 10tubes 11. 23 km 12.10m 18.1160 14. 190m8 | 2.21 REVIEW EXERCISE 1. (a) 3x + 2xy ~ dy (b) —7x® ~ 2x —1 (c) ~2x? + Sx +1 | (d) -5 + 7x — x {2} —¥y + 40 — Bry (xe bet 14x ~ 5 a 2(a)—«~ 18 (b) ae + 2k = 12 (c) e+ 4x41 (dye | (e) x - 29 (f) 8 = 13x + 40 (9) am? ~ am — 36 (h) w+ 15w — 82 (i) oe + 2x = 17 (i) the + 83x 424k) BE + 9+ 2B (1) ~a6x +'79x ~ 47 8. (a) Smn(t ~ 3m ~ dn) (c) (x = 9)(x + 9) (0) ( — Nec + 7) (9) 2 — 6x + 10) (1) SxiBxy — 1 + 4y%) (k) (2m + 7) (m) x{m — n)(Sx — 2) 4(algtxedo ae (a) taxa 77 8. (a) 10mnx’y (d}x~2 {b) (x — G)ix + 5) (a) (+ 4)? 1) (m ~ 76x ~ 3) Dx = 7 ) (6x = 2F tn 11) (om = sa}iom + 19 (n) 30x = 4x + 4) x (Pyro 1 (0) px t 2-3 abn 4 () (e)x 514 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 10 (6x45 x8 (1) ex 8 a (e)¢ 2 (NE 30ime i (a)§ (0) 2 (o) ~iom— 24 2x! 4 15K 45 et O58 (e)— (O5F nKe (ay-7 (b) 1 (c)5 (d)2 (e) -3 «428 (5) ~6 {n) -4 (ne A v 4 wiaye= 2 res (=¥ (t= 4 (yn= 9.91, 92, 98 10. 462, 498 14,21 quarts, 42 dimes "32, 480 km 3 (ayx<2 (b)x=-1 {e)x= -4 (d)xet (x=! (esd (g)x>25 (nyx) $26.60 REVIEW AND PREVIEW TO. CHAPTER 4 THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM t(aja= 10 (bya (9) = 69 (fla 2.{a)x= 169 (b) x Bet FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS nines Bed v. (d= alayy=7-* (b)y =~ 9 2K + @y== (oy~ 2-2 F'ERCISE, AA 2 (a) {b)1 (c)1 (e) 0 cy -$ (g) -4 3. (a) -B (b)o (e) no slope (2) no slope (ot (a) -4 (0-8 {j) no slope (k) 24 (in) 0.28 (nj 46 4 (a) 3 (b) -1 (0) 8 (eo) 4 (fy2 (g)2 s.(ayy = 8 (by = 8 (o)y= -3 éx=1 ‘7 Answers vary EXERCISE 4.2 1. (a) 5x + 9-7 = {by 3x ~ 2y 4 (d) 7 + By +2 (0) 3x + 5y (g) 4x ~ By + 8 () ay #3 = 2. (a) 4x - y ~ 10 (ax ty +50 (g) x ~ 2y + 10 (3) 20x ~ a0y = 11 = 3. (a) 2x oO (b) & —y + 3=0 (a) $40 100 {c) Range: (8, 16, 24, 32) (c) 19k9) (a) b = 12 (hye = 48 (a)x= 2 (os (h) -3 «4 ng (1) 088 @s (hy -3 (e)x=2 ANSWERS 517EXERCISE 4.6 1, Given the slopes of two lines, determine whether the lines are ( arallel. (b) perpendicular. _{e) neither perpendicular nor parallel. Mm, = 3 ia m= m= my; m, = 2m. = ~§ my, 0, M2 =~ 0.5, M2 ‘yiv)m, = 0.25, Mz AV) my = 0-1, Me = levi) m, = — 0.8, m= 1.25 |B 2. State the slope of a line {a) parallel to the following lines. (b) perpendicular to the following lines. bo) y= ax +5 i) y= ox -2 qi) y= —3x +1 (wy) y= -x +4 w) yak +7 (wl) y= x - 4 (wi) y =~ (vil) y = &x + 8 (ix) yt 7x = 4 &) y~ 3x +6 Gi) x+y — 4 (ull) 5x + 2y = 7 (xill) 6x - dy + 3 = 0 (xiv) 8x ~ y= 4 (wv) 5x = 4 (wi) 2y — 4 3, Determine an equation of the line through (£2, 4) and parallel to 2x ~ y — 4 = 0- 4, Determine an equation of the line through (3, ~1) and parallel to 4x + 2y = 5 5, Find an equation of the line perpendicular to 2x — y + 4 = Oand through (~5, 6)- 6. Find an equation of the line through (6, 0) and perpendicular to 4x + 3y ~ 7 7. (a) Plot the points A(4, 2), 8(—2, 1), and C(2, -2). {b) Determine an equation of the line through A and parallel to BC. {6) Determine an equation of the line through B and perpendicular to AC. 8, Prove that the following points are the variices of a right angled triangle. (a) (2, 5), B(6, 8) C1, ~3) (b) P(-6, 1), Q(-2, -7), R(“4 -8) 9, Prove that the following points are the vertices of a parallelogram. (@) A2, 1), (14, 11), C6, 8), (8, ~9) {B)PU_5, ~2), U1, — 1), BA, 4), S(-2, 8) “The following program will calculate the slope of a line segment. NEW 40 REM SLOPE CALCULATOR 20 PRINT "(XR Y2)"% So INPUT xb, Yb WD PRINT "(2 V2)" 50 INPUT X2.¥e PO TP acke THEN PRINT "VERTICAL TE Ghent: IT MAS NO SLOPE": GOTO 90 po Wel Ya-Va)/AX2XD) 2g PRINT "THE SLOPE TS") A 50 END RUN SLOPE AND EQUATIONS OF LINES 145 EEE TTLTLTLTLTLlUr(oly = 0.2% 4 17 (hy = 15x - 46 yy Gly -$ (ky y = 189% ~ 45.6 (ay) eto) (e) wi) (a) Gi) (e) cdi {a)m= -%b=§ (bm = b= -§ (c)m= b= -2 {m= -fb=0 (oym=Bb=8 (yma Bb=2 {g)m=0,b=5 (h) no slope, no y-interoent (i)m= -6,b=8 (Uj) m= 4,b = ~04 (k) m = —0.8, b = 0.4 (i)m = -12, oO i () parallel ines (ij m= 2 i) Parallel tines have equal sloves. (0) 90° (ord -1 1 Cpt (4) The product of the slope of perpendicular lines is ~1. XERCISE 4.6 1.0.0) (i (b) «id (a) (wv) to) Wo) @)® (ay @) (aid (©) (i (©) © @) (i) (6) i) ©) «xi ©) ba) (@) (0) (0) (av) ©) 22-3 wa, -$ (ii) =3, 4 wont wh -2 (wi -38 (wi) -34 (vi) §, ( -74 03, -$ ox) ~3,3 xi) -3.3 tly §, (xiv) 8, ~$ (8 =F 3 ox~ y+ Ax +y+7=0 Bx — 4y + 1 7.(b) 8x + 4y ~ 20=0 XERCISE 4.7 1. (a) $2150 (b) $1700 (c) 220 (d) the cost per meal (e} 850, room rent 2. (a) 225°C (b)3.2h (c) 10, initial water temporature 3. (a) $2200 {b) 450 (0) $2500 (d) the cost of the lunch per person (2) 1000, cost of band 4, (a) 201 {b) 100 (0) 500 km (4) 70L (e) litres por kitometre 5, (a) 2048 m {b) 48 6. (a) 69.0 ms (b) 358 XERCISE 4.9 4. (a) m (b)b (oym (dia (ob 2.(a) y= mx +5 (bby {o) y = mx - 4) + 5 (dyn ox + {e) x (hy = mx Bay RHE (oyy=4 (ojy=-x+16 (dyy~-fe+$ (ory =& XERCISE 4.10 1. (a) 8 (0) 6 (gin (9) 7 (147 {g) 15 (h) 10 Gia (Ka (1) 32 2. (a) V8 (b) V88. (0) V2a4 (2) V265, (1) V8 (g) 5vi0 ih) Vii3 G) v8 (ig v8 C1) ve fm 26 (n) V4.6 3} = 2y78, BC = 29, AC = VOT 4, 8G = V@B,BD = 3VT0 5, AC = V4i, BC = V4T 65 ANSWERS 519 I9.10 REVIEW EXERCISE For each of the following, use 7 = 3.14, 1. Find the surface area of each of the following to the nearest whole number. (a) (b) Venn KD 120m 18m 160m Tom Bom 2. Find the volume of each of the following to the nearest whole number. (a) (b) 10cm tf 40cm 200m 24 0m ‘206m 860 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 10 () ) 25 om 3. A sphere has a radius of 4.0m and ahemisphere has a radius of Bem, ‘Compare the volume of the sphere to the’ volume of the hemisphere using a ratio, 4. A sphere with a radius of 20 cm is inscribed in a cylinder. Find the volume of the cylinder to the nearest cubic centimet = S 5. The following two boxes have the sam volume. Calculate the height of the taller bo: to the nearest tenth. 470m 9.4 om 122 em ae 6. Find the surface area of each of the following to the nearest whole number. (a) a sphere with a diameter of 24m (b) a cone with a radius of 8 cm and a slant height of 10 em (0) a cylinder with a diameter of 50 om and a height of 40 cm i (d) a square based pyramid with a slant hheight of 10 cm and each side of the base measuring 8 cm 7. A hollow rubber ball has an outside diameter of 5.6 om. The thickness of the rubber in the ball is 0.3 cm. Find the amount of rubber in the ball to the nearest tenth,| A double cone is inscribed inside a jinder as shown. 3.om culate the amount of space in the cylinder ft is not occupied by the cone to the fearest tonth. Asskylight is in the shape of a regular yramid with a square base 1.8 m to a side ida slant height of 1.0 m. Find the area of jass required to make the skylight to the fearest tenth. |0: A sphere has a diameter of 30 cm. Find 1@ height of a cylinder having the same diameter and the same volume to the nearest fenth, Se fo 1.-In a right circular cone, the slant height is 16 om. Find the height, h, of the ‘fone that will produce the cone with the Greatest volume to the nearest tenth. 16 om h, Draw top, front, and side views for each f the following. (a) ib) car iS TOP, FRONT, AND SIDE VIEWS Using clay, wood, Plasticine, or any other suitable material, construct a solid having the following views. Top Front Side THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY 361| | EXERCISE 9,5 1. (a) 209 m? (b) 513 m® (1) 3215 ms (g) 2010 m> 2.471 me 3. 16.9 mm® EXERCISE 9.6 4. (a) 2123 ome (b) 7235 cme 2 (a) 7285 om® (2) 4187 ome 3. (a) A = 7850 om’, V = 65 417 om* (c) A = 15386 cm*, V = 179 503 om® 4. 12 661 om> 5. (a) 91.9 cm? 63:2 7.958 EXERCISE 9.7 1. 864 ome 2. 297.5 om? 4. 25 om by 25 om by 150m, A = 2750.em® 5. (a) xby 10 — 2xcby 10 ~ 2x (¢) 314 ome (4) 104 om= (e) 314 me (h) 314 m* (1) 2826 ome 4, 1225 om® 5. 5191 om? (c) 4069 om® (d) 1256 ome (c) 11.488 one (d) 91 908 ome (b) A = 31 400 ome, V = 523 333 om? (d) A = 425 600 cm?, V = 4 186 667 om? (b) 275.7 om (c) 91.9 om 3. 3.1 me (b) 40 ~ 402 + 100x 6. (a) 1620.7 om® (b) 19 488 om? (0) 24774 ome (0) 5326 om? (e) 5476 ome 7. (a) 705m? (b) 17 EXERCISE 9.8 1. (a) 6 (b) 8 2. (a) infinite (b) infinite 3 (a) 6 (b)4 (0)3 4.(d) 4 5. (a) rotational and rellectional (b) rotational and reflectional (c) rotational and retlectional (4) rotational and retlectional EXERCISE 9.9 41. 90 2, Mr. White — brown, Ms, Brown — black, Mr. Black — white 3, 90" 4,424.3 om 5.16 68. 26 min 7. 16, 18, 20 SMO WEOWSIFIIGIIEI ea mi 11. 18 monochrome monitors, 6 colour monitors, 12.1, 4,10; 2,58 43. 75 mL. 14.12h 15. 12min 16. frontage — 1000 i, depth — 500 m 417. (a) 9.10 REVIEW EXERCISE 4. (a) 360 om? (b) 10050m? —(c) 324em®@ ——(d) 62Bem? —={e@) 21230m* —(f) SB2em* 2. (a) 15700m* ——_(b) 201 om* (6) 8200 om? — (d) 27 000m" (2) 122660m* (1) 17 149 om? B1t04 4, 50 240 om 5. 49cm 6. (a) 1809 ome (b) 452 om? (0) 10 205 em? (A) 224 ome 4 7. 26.5 0m* 8, 188.4 om* 9. 2.6me 10, 20.00 11, 920m 9.11 CHAPTER 9 TEST 1. (a) 18700m? —(b) 1512em*_—(c) 1809em? — (a) B2BemP (8) 75BBem* —( 1) 105. em? 2. (a) 300 om? (b) 65417 cm (¢) 98 om* (d) 2620m* (2) 400m? (F) 603m" 3. 785 em 4, 800 om* 536 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS 10