University of Technology Depariment of Mechanical Engineering Note: Answer Five questions only. All questions have same mark QI) Answer the followings. 9) Explain with drawings: what is meant by i) Stable i) unstable, and iif) neutrally stable states of equilibrium? b) Number with drawings, types of motion following a disturbance-subsidence, ©) Define the following terms with illustrations: i)The Center of Gravity of aireraft, ii)The Neutral Point, iii) The Maneuver Point, and iv) Static Mat 02) An aircraft is described by: WIS = 2394.012 Nim? Stick fixed neutral point at 0.35¢ Cry = +0.02 Cmg = ~0.75 rad-* Cig = $5.0 rad-* Cig = +0.25 rad~? @, = -0.01745 rad Vertm = 130m/s4 Position of c.g. at 0.30¢ Po = 1.225kg/m3 1. From longitudinal static stability conditions, derive the below formula to find the angle of attack @ and the elevator control § when the velocity is changed? a. ° Cngtto — Cn fay) = tar sfe carafe © Se) 4 Crs Cg) ae co: 2, Determine @ and é for a given initial trim velo« 03) Answer the followings, where [A]~ ) Explain the following terms with illustrations: if) Body axes system and il) Karth fixed axes. b) What is the meaning of Statie Stability and Dynamic Stability? ©) Define with illustrations the following terms: i) Angle of attack , ii) Sideslip angle, and iii) Bank angle, ‘04 From linear Equations belovs, find Longitudinal dynamic equations in state space form Un) = [An]6) + (B,}8.. Write all assumptions required, AX(t) —mg (cos @,) 8(t) = mi, (u/v,) AY (1) + mg (cos 8,)(t) = mv, (2 +r) AZ(t) ~ mg(sin 8,)8(¢)Qs) If the plent matrix of short-period (phugoid) is X, iz, ‘al "Ey \ and; 2y = —0.104 m/s? V = 193.23 m/s? apn = 0.0726 rad/ sec ¢pp, = 0.0888 Find longitudinal dimensional derivative Xy. 2 0,335 021 —0.228 0.0 1.0 Find: 1. Characteristic equation, 2. The three characteristic roots (eigenvalues) Dutch-roll roots and Roll root 3. Natural frequeney and damping ratio for Dutch-roll dynamic. Good bucks[ ort Toh nme inn an nine oo Eats. Secnicea oe ur Aner ny fine eons | Sere in 2 macs |e Anwar the following with te necenary sketches and equations ut dw See al | aon sn | pe some | sesantre et | qua: Aptnan ov pang Mieisea needs aaasiianageied Ce cea eo |e whatar ie ntvantge and dadvrages ofa damper? Ee [> corona pn nine wie gc eee (4A Fld tsa arcs eqaon ft plat man“Qt: ins with shes the elation bute the moment cole south centro rly and thea oft (6: Deve oh ea esos os ‘ot fo fede infor oy dees Ste min samp wiv cal quo of a? | Of A:Saggata met aleve ego adenoma atin | tues aroha | 1:Dpn he rsinepito f blol cor det st How we he vrs charge with? CT ain ution of tte vals nti te gn cont |University of Technology Department of Machines and Equipment Engineering Final Examination 2012/2013 Division: Aeronautics Year: 2012-2013 Examiner(s): Dr. Emad N. Exam Time:3 Hrs. Date: 13/6 /2013 i Note : Answer five questions only including Q1 QI: Longitudinal derivatives and other data for an aircraft was obtained for a flight condition of Mach no. = 0.6 at an altitude 10 Km as follow: Flight path angle y, = 0° Air density p =0.381 kg/m’ Body incidence a, =9.4° Wing area S = 49.24 m? Velocity ¥,, =177.95 m/s M.A.C é = 4.889 m Mass. m= 17642 kg gravity g=9.81 m/s? Pitch moment of inertia /, = 165669 ken? The stability derivatives of aircraft as follow: X,=0.0077° Z,=-0.7273-M, =0.034 04840 Z,=-3.125 M, =-0.217 Z,=-0380 M, =-0.5910 Z,=-12109 M, =-1.2732 0618 Z,=-0.3741 MM, =-0.5581 Assume @, =a, and W,=V, sind, and U, =V,, cos0, State the aircraft longitudinal equations of motion in terms of essential variables? Q2: Answer the following: 1- Define the degree of freedom? Classify the aircraft degrees of freedom? Write down the variables related with aircraft degrees of freedom? 2- Write down the gust types? Suggest way to suppress the gust effects 3- What are the main important assumptions that achieved in equations of motion derivation? Q3: A: What is the main advantage of yaw damper? Sketch the general aircraft dynamic system with and without yaw damper? Show that effect on the related equations? B: State the conditions of longitudinal, lateral and directional stability C: Display the control devices which are causing the aircraft momentsQ4: A: - A pilot in aerobatic aircraft performs a loop in 30 sec at steady velocity of | 90m/sec.His seat is located 5 ma head of ,and 1m above the c.g. What total normal load factor does he experience at the top and the bottom of the loop? B: Display the candidate mechanism of wing rock? QS: Drive the longitudinal aircraft equations of motions. A: In form of forces and moments B: In form of stability derivatives. C: Define the main stability derivatives Q6: A: Explain with sketches the limit cycle oscillation, which are the main state variables that effected by this phenomenon, what is the best way to suppress the L.C.0. B: State the main equations of inertia cross coupling Good luckStability derivatives “ X Cp Leas Jovos av Le acy rot L Toros 2CL Gs a ite tray Mgt ee ro = Preag = Mage Mu _ Wn Mem Tse a x, aC; a_i oF = Tyrese ear where the tail voliune ratio is given by 7, attUniversity of Technology Department of Machines and Equipment Engineering First Term Examination 2012/2013 Subject: Stability and control of aireraft Year: 2012-2013, Division: Aeronautics flan th i Examiner(s): Dr.Emad N.Abdulwahab Bram Mmcs $5 Hires Date: 17/1/2013 Answer ( three ) Questions Only including Q4 Q1: From Fig.1, (for every plots) answer the followings a- Define the dynamic stability b- Define the lightly damped and highly damped systems c- Named the aircraft type responses d- Explain in details the reasons which are causes these responses. e-Suggest the methods to improved the worst response. Hn ee ps [how Pee [Av Fig.t Q2: A: Explain the candidate mechanism to create the wing rock motion B: The relation between the pitching moment coefficient about the center of gravity and the angle of attack. C: From the principles, derive the control strategy of wing rock Q3 : Answer the following with the main equations and sketches A- Lateral and directional conditions of aircraft stability B- Write down the aircraft equations of motion in terms of stability derivatives (Define all the variables). CONTINUE PLEASEQ4: If the phugoid airplane plant matrix Ais xX, 78 A= 4 0 U, When X, =~ 0.04 (1see) g =9.81 (m/sec?) Z, =-0.37 (\/see) u, =53.644 (m/sec) Find out 1- The characteristic equation of airplane 2- The roots of the characteristic equation 3- The frequency and damping ratio of airplaneUniversity of Technology Plight Dynamics Final Exam. Year 2011-2012 Answer only Five questions QI: A: Described the state of the aireraft stability when the following conditions applied together 1-Cyg?O0 ahd Cy. %0 Me 2 Cyg 20 and Cy_ 0 B: From Pig(1) described the stability of each sketch Dapleerent ( Fig. 1) Q2: Define and explain the following with necessary equations: 1-Trim tab 2-Main conditions to derive the aircraft equation of motion 3-Phiscally meaning of eigen value and eigen vector 4- The main roots of aircraft characteristic equations 5- Aircraft control surfaces in lateral and longitudinal dynamicsQ3:Answer the following 1- Derive the equations of wings-level stall dynamics 2- From the pitch angular acceleration equation in stall dynamics, What is the main contribution included in termof (C,),, 3- what are the nonlinear terms in aireraft stall dynamics, explain that in details Qa A An airplane is said to be trimmed ifthe forces and moments acting on airplane are in equilibrium . Solve for the elevator angle required to trim the airplane ( Derive the equation from first principley B: Classify the modern control design systems of aircraft? QS: A- Display the main ways to improve the aircraft wing, rock motion. B- Drive from the first principles the equations related to the yaw damper. Show the advantages of each component Q6: From the first principle , derive the equations of aircraft motion, Firstly is in the form of forces and moments secondly in form of stability Derivatives. Define all variables and clarify that with necessary sketches.uoues N dag) sO deat canadg OHS Masada god lela 3s Gap OSH asc) chatet Bsa dy i jtuly chyaliy- res iss Ol: Answer three of the following with a suitable equations and necessary sketches A) What are the main contributions factors to establish the pitching moment about the aircraft center of gravity? B) Write down the aircratt tri med condition? ©) State the criteria of longitudinal static stability of aircraft? D) Discuss the time histories of systems with posiive, neutral and negative . dynamic stability. Q2: Derive the longitudinal aircraft equations of two of the following) A) Generalized force equal motion (Agswer only ss ‘ Ce, Q3: An airplanc is flying in a steady state lev speed of 250 mis at a bank angle of 60 deg. Calculate the turn rate, yaw rate and pitch rate when the forees acting on airplane is the lift force (L) and taldng into consideration the weight as (mg) with axial foree is equal ( mv*v/R): When vis the initial velocity and Ris the radius of turn, Construct the state variables in term of matrices equations. 4: State the aircraft longitudinal equations of motion in state space form, Estimate (the following in term of stability derivative) A) The general form of state space variable B) M matrix ©) A prime matrix D) B prime matrix E) A matrix ¥) B matrix G) Total form of state space form in case of stability derivative. H) Output equations in term of identity matrix with the state variable Continue. ———>