9A Unit4 Growing up

Grammar
A
before 在...之前（before+后发生的动作）
after 在...之后（after+先发生的动作）
before/after+句子
=before/after doing(前后主语一致)
Before/After he graduated, he joined the club.
Before/After graduating, he joined the club.

当...时候
两长用 while My mother is cooking, while my father is watching TV.
两短用 as As I got home, the bell rang.
长（when/while/as）
When/While/As people were sleeping, the earthquake
happened.
一长一短 短（只用 when）
People were sleeping, when the earthquake happened.

Phrases:
1. 慢跑 go jogging
2. 我精疲力尽。I was/felt tired out.
3. 练习做某事 practise (doing) sth

B
自从（现在完成 Since I was born, I have lived here.
since 时） 主句：现在完成时；since+一般过去
既然；由于 Since it is raining hard, let’s stay at home.
（as） 既然下雨了，我们待在家里吧！
till/until 直到（延续性动 我一直等到你回来。
作） I waited for you till/until you came back.
not..until 直到...才（短暂 直到你回来我才离开。
性动作） I didn’t leave until you came back.
=After you came back, I left.

Phrases:
1. awful= terrible 糟糕的
an awful day= a terrible day
2. 这是我第一次/第二次/最后一次...做某事
It is my first/second/last...time+ 现在完成时
这是我第一次看这部电影。
It’s my first time (that) I have watched this film.
C
as soon as 我一离开房间就下雨。
一. ..就 It started to rain as soon as I left.
主过从过 你一到美国我就给你打电话。
主将从现 As soon as you arrive in the USA, I will call you.
whenever =no matter when= every time
无论什么时候你有麻烦，我都会帮助你。
Whenever/No matter when/ Every time you have trouble, I will help
you.

Phrases:

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1. 对...认真对待 be serious about sth/doing
2. n. 职业生涯;事业 career
3. against （prep）
依靠 He is standing against the wall.
碰撞 After their ship crashed against the rocks,....
反对 I am against smoking.
4.
especially 尤其 He has helped many people, especially teenagers.
specially 专门 This coat is specially made for you.

Inte
1. break out 爆发（无被动）
2. lose one’s life 失去生命
72 million people lost their lives.= 72 million people died.
3. This book was written by a girl named/called Anne. 这本书是由一个叫做 Anne 的女孩写的。
4. It was first published in 1947 and then has been translated into 67 languages since then.这本
书首先在 1947 年出版，此后就被翻译成了 67 种语言。
v. publish 出版
v. translate 翻译 translate sth into sth
(主动)People have translated the book into 67 languages.
5. It was a record of that time, and it has also become the symbol of the victory of the human
spirit. 它是那个时代的记录，并且它也成为了人类精神胜利的代表。
record v.记录 record sth
记录你的生活 record your life
n. 保持/打破记录 keep/break the record
symbol n. 象征
玫瑰象征着爱情。
The rose is a symbol of love.
The rose represents love.
The rose stands for love.
victory n. 胜利
spirit n. 精神；灵魂
6. 德国 Germany 德国人 German(s)
7. Her family were forced to move to another country.她的家人被迫搬到另外一个国家。
be forced to do sth 被迫做某事
8. They went into hiding in a secret place in her father’s office.
躲藏起来 go into hiding
v. hide-hid-hidden
They are looking for the hidden treasure.他们在寻找藏起来的宝藏。
We hide from April showers.躲避四月的阵雨。
9. She kept writing until they were discovered.她一直坚持写作直到被发现。
10. They were caught and sent to a Nazi camp.他们被抓了并送到一个纳粹的营地。
被捉 be/get caught
catch-caught-caught; send-sent-sent
camp n. 营地 v. go camping
11. She and her elder sister died of illness. 她和她的姐姐死于疾病。
die of +自然原因（生老病死）
die of illness
die from +意外
die from a car accident
v. die-died-dead
adj. dying 垂死的 dead 已经去世的
n. death

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
He died five years ago.= He has been dead for five years.
在他去世之后
after he died= after he was dead= after his death
12. Her father had her diary published.她的父亲把她的日记出版了。
have sth done 把某事做了
我的手表坏了。我要去把它修好。
My watch doesn’t work. I am going to have it fixed/repaired.
have sth to do 有事情要做
我没空。我还有很多作业要写。
I am not free. I still have much homework to do.
have sb do 让某人做某事=let/make sb do= get sb to do
我让她去做家务。
I have her do housework.
13. She wrote down her thoughts.她写下了她的想法。
think-thought-thought
n. thought(s)想法
14. I hope war never happens again.我希望战争再也不要发生。
happen= take place= break out（无被动）
14. how he survived the war with his friends 他是如何和他的朋友在战争中存活下来
survive v. 存活
从...中活下来 survive sth
n. 幸存者 survivor
16. I admire these children for their courage.我敬佩这些孩子们的勇气。
因...敬佩某人 admire sb for sth
n. courage 勇气- v.鼓励 encourage
鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do
17 However, it’s a pity that they couldn’t enjoy a happy life as we do.然而，很可惜他们不能跟
我们一样享受幸福的生活。
It’s a pity (that)+ 句子 很可惜...
What a pity!多可惜！
have/take pity on sb 同情某人
18 Although we live in peace, some children in other parts of the world still live in fear of their
lives.尽管我们生活在和平中，一些世界上其他地方的孩子们依然生活在害怕他们的生命安
全中。
live in peace= live peacefully
in fear of their lives 害怕/担忧他们的生命（安全）
afraid adj. be afraid of sth/doing
be afraid to do
她害怕飞行。She is afraid of flying.=She is afraid to fly.
fear n.in fear of sth 害怕某事
v. fear sth/doing sth

Study skills
Guess the meaning of a word by its formation 根据构词法猜测词义
前缀 prefix
后缀 suffix
复合词 compound word

Task
The one who has influenced me most 那个影响我最深的人
1. My father is in his fifties.我的父亲五十几岁了。
in one’s fifties/nineties 某人五十几/九十几岁

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
on one’s fiftieth/ninetieth birthday 在某人的五十/九十岁生日
2. You will not find anything unusual about him until you learn more.指导你了解更多你才会发
现一些他的不寻常。
3. Whenever he has some money left, he gives it to someone in need.无论何时他只要有钱剩
下，他就把钱给有需要的人。
4. He has donated blood cells to people with blood cancer.他捐献血细胞给有血液癌症的人。
donate sth to sb 给某人捐赠某物
raise money for sb 为某人筹钱
collect sth for sb 为某人筹集某物
5. To my surprise, he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his death.
to one’s surprise/joy/disappointment 令某人惊讶/开心/失望的是
medical research 医学研究
research 不可数 do research
after his death =after he dies=after he is dead
6. I could not understand why my father always seemed to be kinder to others than to his own
family. Now I realize that he has a heart full of love.我之前不理解为什么我的父亲似乎总是对
其他人要比对他自己的家人更好。现在我意识到了（因为）他有一颗充满爱的心。

学科网（北京）股份有限公司