How did Muslims benefit from the life of Shah Wali Ullah? 2__Discuss the influence of Shah KEY WORDS: Jfiback a struggle in support of the Mastin faith and ies Shariat rule: rule according to the brincpies tring for impoverent ef sand sci ‘© How did Syed Ahmed Shaheed Bareilvi try to further the Mustim cause? ‘© How important was his influence on future events? HOW DID SYED AHMED DEVELOP HIS IDEAS? 7 Syed Ahmed Barcilvi, who came from a Syed family of Rae Bareilly, near Lucknow, kad been influenced by the teachings of Shah Wali Ullah. After graduating from the laters madrassah in Delhi, Syed Ahmed joinc han military force as a prayer leader, but he also trained in the use of European weaponry. Later, he went for Hajj and stayed in Arabia from 1821 to 1823, where he studied religion under Shaikh Abdul Wahhab and * was strongly influenced by him. He returned committed to the idea of jihad. was to replace Sikh and British rule in India with Muslim rule. He continuously thought | and planned how to carry forward his ideas. i WHAT ACTION DID SYED AHMED TAKE? ‘The Punjab and North West Frontier were ruled by the Sikhs. Muslims living there under restrictions on the practice of their faith, and faced other humiliations Syed Ahmed see abour gathering an army to overthrow Sikh rule. It was 4 ¥0 army known as the Mujahideen, meaning ‘fighters for the faich—Islam’, Man} Muslims felt heartened that they could take some practical action on behalf ee ce Seb siterical Mar hagenireand rallied ws his cauve. They were mostly weaver or ceafiamen who were experiencing hand tines, Syed Ahmed foughe the Sikhx firs ar Akora and liter captused Peshawar. Hete he wied to establish a Muslim state under Sharlar ule but ir Iasred for feys than two months, ‘Quick questions: a Whit i agnificant about Syed Abmed's ecacation? 'b Why was milltary traning important to him? © Why:did mary people volunteer for his att? d Where did Syed Abnied set up) a Muslim state? aah CHAPTER two rernten ti a shodides. When Syed Ahmed ted to colec tase, angry meee, ) Paid tates to anyone, turned on his men, killing hoop oF them, Bd never Weakened by this lack of su Was driven back by the Sikh ' Kashmir. 5 : oe "ike Kashmir at Balakoe during a surprise WHY DID SYED AHMED FAIL? Wescan identify four main causes for Syed Ahmed fila * Confronted by Superior military force ions amongst Muslims Lack of support for his ideals Disagreements over taxes PPO, Syed Ahmed He was killed in bactl Quick questions: © What ate the four reasons for Syed Ahmed's failure? q £ Haw did Syed Ahmed die? * Syed Ahmed believed it necessary to fight for Muslim rule. * Many ordinary Mustims were keen to join his army. * He controlled Peshawar for a short time, * He was finally defeated because local Muslim chiefs would not support him. a LOOKING AHEAD ‘This was nor the end of the armed struggle. Furure Muslim activists looked and the idea of a separate state, where Musl lims could practise their faith, grew from here they took control of the land, were always fearful of similar uprisings. There all faiths who were prepared to fight their etiemies in the name of ¢heir, religion. Questions: 1 Which of these words would you use to describe Syed Ahmed’s campaign: courageous, foolish _toomed. noble, idealistic, daring. unwis : heroic? Explain your answe What might future Muslim leaders have learned from Syed Ahmed’ life? 3__Bo you think Syed Ahmed Shaheed Bareilvi was a martyr? z Part ONE: pe St ar enc! nacigrouneai Haji Shariat Ullah and the Faraizi Movement Key Questions: ‘* Why did many people support the Fara Movement? a A ‘© Why did Hindus and the British fear the Movement? HOW DID HAJI SHARIAT ULLAH PERSUADE PEOPLE TO RETURN TO THEIR RELIGION? Muslims, living In poor coadlilons Ja\ Ease Bengal were greatly, encouraged Ey the leadership of Haji Shariat Ullah. Uneil the 1750s they had been the naling class, then their status declined as she British took over, working closely with the eamindar— landowners—and tax collectors, who were, by the 1800s, sen al ele ‘were mistreated by their British rulers and oppressed hy the ‘were increased by the cyclones and famines thae frequently Faraici Movement emerged ta conftont both the British ed the considered to be the enemies of the Muslims and were blamed for eee Haji Shariarullah, who had spent nearly rwenty years away in Anibia, ae influenced by the teachings of Sheikh Mohammad: Abdul Wahab, and founded the Faraizi Movement, He urged Muslims, especially those ro give up non-Muslim practices, such as Hindu superstitions: and Id strictly follow the commandments of their religion known as fanaiz or: could thus resist the growth of Hindu influence as well as the spread of British Gee ideas, and once more be wotthy of respect and be able to improve their lives. Tt was a peaceful mavement. The many Muslims who followed his teaching became known as Faraizis. A major concer was thar under British rile, which he likened to state of war, je was not possible for Muslims to practise Eid and Friday prayers properly. WHY DID THE FARAIZI MOVEMENT CAUSE ALARM? There is no doube that the rapid growth of the Faraizt Movement alarmed and angered Hindu landowners as well as worrying the British. They, ee was stirring up opposition against them. To the depressedt Muslims the: nv ottered. asolurion to their problems and awakened a desire for ant independent Quick questions: a Where did Haji Shariat Ullah live for twenty years? b Why was it called the Faralai Movement? © Who were worried by the Movement? d What were Faraizis supposed to da? a baie