ACT

DECEMBER
TRIAL
QUESTIONS

DR.MAI ABD EL SALAM

00201123056296
 (1) Suppose a female bat has a total of 44

6
chromosomes in each of its diploid cells.

29
How many individual chromosomes will
most likely be in each of its gametes ?

56
A) 88 chromosomes

30
B) 22 chromosomes

12
C) 11 chromosomes

01
D) 44 chromosomes
M
(2) Which of the following is a
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characteristic of all organic
molecules ?
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A)They are made up of ionic

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bonds
D

B)They undergo hydrogen

AB

bonding
C)They are insoluble in water
AI

D)They contain carbon atoms

.M
DR
(3) By which process do cells use energy to

6
move substances across a membrane ?

29
A)Active transport

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B)Diffusion

30
C)Osmosis
D)Passive Transport

12
01
(4) Which of the following statements
is the most complete and accurate
M
description of meiosis ?
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A) A single division of haploid produce

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haploid gametes
B) A single division of a diploid cell
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produce diploid gametes

D

C) Two successive cell divisions

AB

produce haploid gametes

D) Two successive cell divisions
AI

produce diploid gametes

.M
DR
 (5) Max wants to determine the effects

6
of plant hormone auxin on roof growth.

29
He places 10 plant cutting into each of 4
different aqueous solutions : 0% auxin ,

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0.02% auxin , 0.2% auxin , and 2.0% auxin

30
. Which of these solutions is the control
for this experiment ?

12
A) 0% auxin

01
B) 0.2% auxin
C) 0.02% auxin
M
D) 2.0% auxin
LA

(6) In 1965 , Arthur Komberg isolated DNA

SA

polymerase , an enzyme that replicates DNA

in which of the following eukaryotic cellular
EL

components is DNA polymerase typically

active ?
D

A) Centriole
AB

B) Nucleus
C) Lysosome
AI

D) Ribosome
.M
DR
 (7) To determine the mean number of

6
plants species per sampling plot , an

29
ecologist count the number of plant

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species in 10 different plots . She finds
the following:

30
# Three plots have 7 plants species each
# Two plots have 6 plants species each

12
# Three plots have 5 plants species

01
# Two plots have 4 plant species each
What is the mean number of plant
M
species per sampling plot??
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A) 6.0
B) 5.6
SA

C) 5.2
D) 4.8
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(8) In humans , individuals with codominant

D

alleles for a given gene express how many

AB

alleles of that gene

A) 0
AI

B) 2
.M

C) 1
D) 3
DR
 (9) Which of the following is a

6
29
common function of lipids ?
A) Building cellulose within cell walls

56
B) Catalyzing chemical reactions in the

30
cell
C) Encoding genetic information in living

12
organisms
D) Forming a boundary as part of the

01
plasma membrane
M
(10) On a microscope slide containing animal
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tissue , Sarah observes how many long . Thin

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cells lying to each other within tight bundles .

Stripes ,or striations, appear perpendicular to
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the lengths of the cells which tissue type is

Sarah most likely observing
D

A) Muscle
AB

B) Connective
C) Epithelial
AI

D) Nerve
.M
DR
 (11) One reason that the light -
independent reactions of

6
29
photosynthesis do NOT continue to
occur throughout periods of darkness

56
is because the light - independent
reactions

30
A) Require CO2 produced by the light -

12
dependent reactions
B) Require ATP and NADPH produced by the

01
light-dependent reactions
C) Produce CO2 required by the light - dependent
M
reactions
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D) Produce ATP and NADPH required by the light -
dependent reactions
SA

(12) In 1958 , Meselson and Stahl determined

that the process of DNA replication is semi-
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conservative in DNA molecules produced by

semi-conservative DNA replication , each
D

double helix contains

AB

A) 2 new strands of DNA

B) 2 parental strands of DNA
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C) 1 new strand of DNA and 1 new strand of RNA

.M

D) 1 new strand of DNA and 1 parental of DNA

DR
 6
(13) A student places a basket of

29
peaches in a dark kitchen cabinet .
One week later the student observes

56
mold growing on the peaches . The

30
student purchases 10 peaches in a
dark compartment of a refrigerator ,

12
and places the remaining 5 peaches in

01
a dark cabinet . One week later the
students examines both sets of
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peaches for mold growth . Which of
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the following questions about mold

SA

was the student most likely trying to

answer
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A) Does mold grow in the dark ?

B) Does mold grow at room temperature ?
D

C) Does mold grow faster in dark or in

AB

light ?
D) Does mold grow faster at room temperature
AI

or at cooler temperature ?
.M
DR
 (14) When grown under ideal conditions ,

6
Eschrechia Coli bacteria populations double

29
every 20 minutes . A student inoculates
culture medium with 100 E.coli cells and

56
grows them under ideal conditions . How

30
many times must these cells double in
number for this bacterial population to

12
surpass 3.000 cells ?

01
A) 3
B) 7 M
C) 5
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D) 9
SA

(15)Which of the following statements

correctly identifies the charge of sub
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atomic particle and best describes the

location of that particle in the atom
D

A) An electron is positive , and it is located outside

AB

the nucleus
B) An electron is negative , and it is located inside
AI

the nucleus
C) A proton has no charge , and it is located outside
.M

the nucleus
D) A neutron has no charge and it is located inside
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the nucleus
 6
(16) A biology student observed

29
prepared microscopes slides and

56
recorded these observations in

30
her lab notes

12
01
# centromeres split
# sister chromatids pulled
M
apart to opposite poles
LA
SA

What phase of mitosis is described in

her notes ?
EL

A) Anaphase
D

B) Metaphase
AB

C) Prophase
D) Telophase
AI
.M
DR
 (17)Activation of motor neuron allows

6
29
humans to move part of the body . This
activation occurs when a chemical

56
messenger moves into the space between

30
the plasma membrane of a neuron and the
plasma membrane of a muscle cell . The

12
space between these plasma membrane is

01
part of the
A) Terminal axon
B) Synapse M
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C) Neurotransmitter
D) Vesical
SA

(18) A student observed that when red

blood cells were added to a test tube
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containing distilled water the cells swelled

and eventually burst which of the following
D

statements best explains why the cells

AB

burst ? The salt concentration of was higher

A) Inside the cells than outside the cells , so more
AI

water diffused out of the cells than into the cells

B) Outside the cells than inside the cells , so more
.M

water diffused out of the cells than into the cells

C) Inside the cells than outside the cells , so more
DR

water diffused into of the cells than out the cells

D) Outside the cells than inside the cells , so more
water diffused out of the cells than into the cells
 (19)In pea plants , round pea shape is a

6
dominant trait and wrinkled pea is recessive

29
trait . When a pea plant grown from a round
pea is crossed with a pea plant grown from

56
wrinkled pea , the resulting offspring are 52

30
round peas and parent 65 wrinkled peas ,
which of the following best describes the

12
genotype of the parent grown from the

01
round pea ?
A) Heterozygous M
B) Codominant
LA
C) Homozygous dominant
D) Homozygous recessive
SA

(20)Within the system of binomial

EL

nomenclature , what do Quercus rubra &

Quercus alba represent ?
D

A) 2 genera that are members of the same

AB

family
B) 2 genera that are members of the same
AI

species
.M

C) 2 species that are members of the same

genus
D) 2 subspecies that are members of the
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same species
 (21) Specialized cells of the pancreas

6
produce insulin . Which of the following

29
observations most strongly supports the

56
conclusion that it is IDX-1 gene that
regulates insulin production ?

30
A) The IDX-1 gene is present in all body cells ,

12
including the pancreas
B) The IDX-1 gene is present in both liver and

01
pancreas cells but is expressed only in liver cells
C) Products of the IDX-1 gene bind to DNA ,
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regulating insulin gene transcription
LA
D) Mutations of the IDX-1 gene have no effect
on the regulation of insulin production
SA
EL

(22) Many molecules

are necessary
for transcription and for translation .
D

Which of the following types of

AB

molecules is directly involved in

transcription , but is NOT directly
AI

involved in translation ?
.M

A) DNA C) mRNA
DR

B) Protein D) tRNA
 (23) A certain plant stores toxic

6
chemical that , if ingested , is harmful

29
to some animals . This toxic chemical

56
most likely stored in which of the
following types of organelles

30
A) Vacuole C) Ribosome

12
B) Mitochondrion D) Chloroplast

01
(24) A shark feeding on a fish, a fox
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feeding on a rabbit, and a bird feeding
on an insect are all examples of which
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of the following type of interaction

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A) Competition C) Herbivory
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B) Mutualism D) Predation
(25) In vascular plants which of the
D

following best describes the component of

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the vascular system that transport sugars

and organic nutrients throughout the
AI

plant ?
.M

A) Cuticle C) Cortex
B) Phloem D) Xylem
DR
 (26) Which of the following

6
choices describe a primary

29
function of skin ?

56
A) Serving as a barrier against infections

30
organisms
B)Preventing the elimination of waste from

12
the body

01
C) Preventing the regulation of body
temperature M
D) allw ultraviolet radiation affect deeper
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tissues.
(27) Which of the following
SA

statements best describes how

organic compounds differ from
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inorganic compounds ??
D

A) Organic compounds always contain both

AB

carbon and hydrogen

B) Organic compounds always contain ionic
AI

bonds
C) Inorganic compounds always contain both
.M

carbon and hydrogen

D) Inorganic compounds always contains
DR

covalent bonds
 6
(28) Seven species of Anolis lizards

29
successfully coexist in the same

56
habitat and feed on insects and
other arthropods . Which of the

30
following statements best explains

12
their ability to coexist in the same

01
habitat
M
A) The species have different
LA

reproductive cycles
SA

B) Individuals fail to identify others

as belonging to different species
EL

C) High levels of competition exist

D

between members of the 7 species

AB

D) Each species occupies a distinct

niche
AI
.M
DR
 (29) Which of the following

6
statements best describes gene

29
expression in a multi-cellular

56
organism? Each cell has ......
A) The same set of genes and all those

30
genes are expressed in each cell type

12
B) The same set of genes , but has only

01
certain genes that are expressed in each
cell type M
C) A different set of genes and all those
LA
genes are expressed in each cell type
D) A different set of genes has only certain
SA

genes that are expressed in each cell type

EL

(30) A peptide bond is formed

between molecules of which types
D
AB

A) Amino acids C) Fatty Acids

B) Monosaccharides D) Nucleotides
AI
.M
DR
 (31) Electron microscope analysis reveals

6
29
extensive damage to the Golgi
apparatus within a liver cell . Damage to

56
the Golgi apparatus will most likely have

30
which of the following cellular
consequences

12
A) Protein products will be modified for use

01
inside the damaged cells
B) Protein products will not be secreted from
M
the damaged cells
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C) Translation will not occur within
cytoplasmic vesicles of the damaged cells
SA

D) Transcription will be limited to

cytoplasmic vesicles of the damaged cells
EL

(32) Cilia are present on Paramecium

D

candatum . Flagella are present on Giardia

AB

lambila compared to the G.lambila the

cilia on P.caudatum are typically
AI

A) Shorter and fewer in number

.M

B) Longer and fewer in number

C) Shorter and greater in number
DR

D) Longer and greater in number

 6
(33) Which of these is a difference

29
between bacteria and protists ?

56
A) Bacteria consist of cells but protists do not

30
B) Bacteria have RNA but protists have DNA

12
C) Bacteria use photosynthesis , but protists
do not

01
D) Bacteria do not have nucleus , but protists
do
M
(34) A student designed an experiment to
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determine the effect of using a lattice on

SA

plant growth . For 3 weeks , the student grew

10 plants 5 using lattice and 5 without using
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a lattice . The student then measured the

height of each plant , what was the
D

dependent variable in the students

AB

expirment
A) Number of plants with a lattice
AI

B) Length of time plants grew

.M

C) Presence or absence of a lattice

D) Height of plant
DR
 6
(35) Molecule X and molecule Y have slightly

29
different shapes . An enzyme reacts with

56
molecule X , but it does not react with
molecule Y . Based on this information ,

30
which of the following statements best

12
explains this difference in the reactivity of
the enzyme with these 2 molecules ?

01
A) Molecules X has less energy , making it
M
more attractive for the enzyme
LA

B) Molecules X transfers protons that

SA

allow the enzyme to work

C) Molecule Y does not require the
EL

enzyme to break down

D) Molecule Y does not fit properly into
D

the active site

AB
AI
.M
DR
 6
(36) While on HMS Beagle , Charles

29
Darwin a stop at the Galapagans
Islands . He observed that on islands

56
with tortoise populations , prickly pear

30
cactus fruits grew far above the
ground . On islands without tortoise

12
populations , prickly pear cactus fruits

01
grew on or near the ground . These
observations to conclude that the
M
tortoise acted as agents of selection on
LA

the prickly pear cacti be feeding on

SA

A) Fruits from other species in the

area
EL

B) Prickly pear cactus fruits growing

D

anywhere on the cacti

AB

C) Prickly pear cactus fruits growing

high above the ground only
AI

D) Prickly pear cactus fruits growing

.M

on or near the ground only

DR
 (37) Fossil of the land - dwelling

6
mammal - like reptile Lystrosaurus 250

29
million years old ago in Africa , India ,

56
Madagascar , and Antarctica ,this map

30
shows these locations on Earth

12
01
M
LA
SA

Which of the following statements provides

EL

the most likely explanation for the existence

of Lystrosaurus in all 4 areas ?
D
AB

A) Lystrosaurus bones drifted through the oceans and

fossilized when they landed in continents sedimentary rocks
AI

B) Lystrosaurus swam between continents and survived the

extreme cold temperature of Antarctica
.M

C) Lystrosaurus evolved on each continent independently

and then went
D) Lystrosaurus lived and walked on these lands once -
DR

contained as one land mass

 6
29
56
30
12
38) Based on the results which of solutions 1 – 4

01
contained both a complex carbohydrate and a lipid?
A) Solution 1 only
B) Solution 3 only M
C) Solutions 2 and 4 only
LA
D) Solutions 1,2,3 and 4
SA

39) In a simple food chain hawks eat insectivorous birds.

insectivorous birds eat insects and insects eat the on trees.
EL

The relative number of each of these 4 types of organisms

present at each trophic level
B) in this food chain is best
D

represented by which of the following diagrams

AB
AI
.M
DR
 40) If A and B were times were the

6
structure evolved .

29
What can you conclude from the

56
phylogenic tree above ?

30
species with species with
structure X structure Y

12
A B

01
M
LA

A)They diverged before the structure evolved

SA

B) They converged before the structure

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evolved
C) Both A & B is correct
D

D) None of the above

AB
AI
.M
DR
 (41)The data in the graph best

6
support which of the following

29
conclusions regarding ATP

56
production?

30

12

01

LA

SA

EL

A)It is constant at all glucose levels

D
AB

B) It is independent of glucose levels

C) It increases its glucose levels
AI

increase
.M

D)It occurs when glucose levels

exceed 6.0 g/L
DR
 42)Which are two organisms that compete on

6
same food?

29
56
30
12
01
M
LA
SA
EL
D

A) Krill and herbivorous

AB

zooplankton
AI

B) Krill and sperm whale

C) herbivorous zooplankton
.M

and seals
D) herbivorous zooplankton
DR

and baleen whales

 43) Giant panda and lesser panda evolves

6
from their ancestor from?

29
56
30
12
01
A) 100 million years ago
B) 30 million years ago
C) 75 million years ago
D) 80 million years ago
M
LA
44) Pre-sterilized nets, each with different contents as
shown
SA

in the table. They then determine the survival rate in

each nest
EL
D
AB
AI
.M

To more effectively rest their hypothesis, how

should the scientists change this experiment?
DR
A) By including a nest with resin only

6
B) By including a nest with food, fungi, and

29
resin
C) By repeating the experiment with double the

56
amount of

30
food in Nest 1 and Nest 2 only
D) By repeating the experiment with double

12
the amount of
food in Nest 2 and Nest 3 only

01
45) M
LA
SA
EL
D
AB
AI
.M

Jacqueline’s data support which of the

following conclusion regarding these
DR

nutrients?
A)Each nutrient affected plant height to the

6
same degree

29
B)Nutrient A either alone or in combination

56
with other
nutrients, had the greatest negative effect on

30
plant height
C) Nutrient B either alone or in combination

12
with other

01
nutrients, had the greatest positive effect on
plant height M
D)Combinations of nutrients increased plant
LA
height more than any one nutrient
SA

46)
EL
D
AB
AI
.M
DR
 which m RNA codons translated to Serine,

6
29
Leucine, Alanine?
A)AGU, GAU, CGC

56
B)UCA, AAG, GCU

30
C) CAG, CUC, GCG
D)UCG, CUA, GCA

12
01
(47)
M
LA
SA
EL

If individual 9 and a male with Dubin – Johnson

syndrome plan to have a child, what is the
D

percent child will inherit Dubin Johnson

AB

syndrome?
AI

A)0%
.M

B) 50%
C) 25%
DR

D)100%
 (48) Student 1 argues that plants produce

6
sugars through photosynthesis and that plants

29
do not carry out cellular respiration . Student 2
insists that plants must carry out both

56
photosynthesis and cellular respiration to

30
survive , who is correct , and why
A) Student 1 , because plants both store and release all

12
the energy they need during photosynthesis
B) Student 1 , because plants acquire solar energy

01
using chlorophyll , but animals use cellular respiration
to generate usable energy
M
C) Student 2 , because plants store and release some
LA
energy during photosynthesis and store energy during
cellular respiration
SA

D) Student 2 , because plants store energy during

photosynthesis and they use cellular respiration to
release energy for life function
EL

(49) A scientist observes a segmented organism with

D

long fangs chelicerae and chitinous exoskeleton an

AB

exoskeleton , and 8 jointed walking appendages .

Based on these characteristics m the organism most
likely belongs to which of the following phyla ?
AI

A) Arthropoda
.M

B) Echinodermata
C) Chordata
DR

D) Mollusca
 (50) Which of the following statements

6
29
best describes a way that the misuse of
antibiotics contributes to the spread of

56
resistant strains of bacteria ? The misuse

30
of antibiotics can result in ......

A) A decrease in the frequency of antibiotic

12
resistance genes in a population of bacteria

01
B) An increase in the frequency of antibiotic
resistance genes in a population of bacteria
M
C) The transfer of nuclei from bacteria to
LA
viruses
SA

D) The transfer of nuclei from viruses to

bacteria
EL

(51) Two genes will most likely assort

D

independently of each other if they

AB

are located on
AI

A) An X chromosome
.M

B) Codominant chromosome
C) A Y chromosome
D) Non homologous chromosome
DR
 6
(52) Tiny single - celled algae called

29
zooxanthellae live inside the bodies of reef-

56
building corals . Through photosynthesis ,
zooxanthellae provide corals with

30
carbohydrates , oxygen , and the proper pH to
build coral skeletons . The corals provide the

12
zooxanthellae with safe environment , a source
of carbon dioxide , and nutrients . What type of

01
interaction is this ?

A) Commensalism
M
LA
B) Mutualism
C) Competition
SA

D) Parasitism
EL

(53) Students were asked to use a microscope

to determine whether the cells on a slide
D

were plant cells or cyanobacteria . Based on

AB

their observations the students determined

that the slides contained plant cells because
AI

plant cells
.M
DR
 6
29
A) Have ribosomes and cyanobacteria cells do not
B) Have a nucleus and cyanobacteria cells do not

56
C) Do not have lysosomes and cyanobacteria cells
do

30
D) Do not have centriole and cyanobacteria cells
do

12
01
(54) A group of students wants to compare the
respiration rate of salmon at 15°C to the
M
respiration rate of salmon at 25°C . A valid
LA
comparison could be achieved by determining
the average respiration rate of a group of
SA

A) 10 salmon in freshwater at 15°C and a group of

EL

10 salmon in freshwater at 25°C

B) 10 salmon in freshwater at 15°C and a group of
D

10 salmon in salt water 25°C

AB

C) 10 trout in freshwater at 15°C and a group of 10

salmon in freshwater at 25°C
AI

D) 10 trout in freshwater at 15°C and a group of 10

.M

salmon in salt water at 25°C

DR
 6
(55) Which of the following is a valid

29
unit of measure for the mass of an

56
organism ?

30
A) Meters C) Degree
B) Grams D) Liters

12
01
(56) The pigment carotene is responsible for
the orange color of carrots and many other
M
fruits and vegetables . Which of the
LA
following statements best explains why
plants that contain carotene appear orange
SA

??
A) Carotene strongly absorbs both blue -
EL

green light and yellow - orange light

B) Carotene strongly absorbs blue - green
D

light , but does not strongly absorbs yellow -

AB

orange light
C) Carotene does not strongly absorbs blue -
AI

green light , but strongly absorbs yellow -

.M

orange light
D) Carotene strongly absorbs neither blue -
green light nor yellow - orange light
DR
 (57) Destruction of habitat may cause

6
continuous populations to be fragmented into

29
smaller ones .Genetic diversity within each of

56
these smaller populations may decline over
time . Significant loss of genetic diversity will

30
most likely have which of the following effects
on a population

12
01
A) Decrease the population's ability to adapt
to future environmental challenges
M
B) Increase the population's ability to adapt to
increase predation
LA

C) Decrease the population's likely hood of

SA

going extinct
D) Increase the population's ability to resist
EL

diseases
D

(58) The attraction between water

AB

molecules is an example of which of the

following ?
AI

A) Adhesion C) Cohesion
.M

B) Evaporation D) Transpiration
DR
 6
(59) Which of the following is the best

29
definition of biological evolution ?

56
A) The spontaneous appearance of life from
nonliving matter after the formation of Earth

30
B) The series of developmental changes an

12
organism experiences through the course of its
lifetime

01
C) A change in the proportions of inherited traits
within a population occurring over successive
M
generations
LA
D) A mean by which random chance blends the
characteristics an organism inherits from its
SA

parents following fertilization

EL

(60) Which of the following is a

D

characteristic of all organic molecules ?

AB

A) They are made up of ionic bonds

B) They undergo hydrogen bonding
AI

C) They are insoluble in water

.M

D) They contain carbon atoms

DR
 6
(61) How do carbohydrates normally

29
function within human body ?

56
A) As an energy source

30
B) As enzymes regulating metabolic

12
processes
C) As the functional units of fats

01
D) As the primary component of cell
membranes M
LA

(62) Which of the following chemical

SA

equations represents a summary of

cellular respiration ?
EL

A) C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

D

B) C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 2 C2H2O2 + 2CO2 + ATP

AB

C) 2 C2H2O2 + 2CO2 + light energy --> C6H12O6 +

O2
AI

D) 6 CO2 + 6O2 + light energy --> C6H12O6 +

6O2
.M
DR
 (63) A region in Australia has an average annual

6
temperature of 25°C and an average annual

29
precipitation of 385 cm

56
30
12
01
M
LA
SA
EL

According to this diagram , which type of biome is

most likely found in this region
D
AB

A) Temperate deciduous forest

B) Tropical rain forest
C) Temperate rain forest
AI

D) Tropical seasonal forest

.M
DR
(64) Suppose a cell in prophase 1 of meiosis contains

6
12 picograms (pg) of DNA . At the completion of

29
meiosis . The mass of DNA in each gamete will most
likely be closest to which of the following masses ?

56
A) 3 pg C) 6 pg

30
B) 12 pg D) 24 pg

12
01
(65) Gabriel finds the concentration of glucose in his
blood is approximately 10 times greater than the
concentration of glucose in certain cells in his body .
M
The process by which glucose is transported to
LA
these cells from his blood stream is best described
by which of the following
SA

A) Active Transport C) Facilitated diffusion

EL

B) Osmosis D) Glycolysis
D

(66) Many orchids live in tropical rain forests high in the

AB

tree branches . They receive water and nutrients that fall

from trees upper leaves . However , their roots don't
connect to the trees and they provide no benefit to the
AI

trees . What kind of ecological interaction is this ?

.M

A) Commensalism C) Competition
D) Parasitism
DR

B) Mutualism
 (67) Dr.Garcis collected this data as she studied the

6
relationship between average annual rainfall and

29
the size of mosquito population
MOSQUITO POPULATION

56
30
12
MOSQUITO

01
M
LA
SA

RAINFALL

Use the data in the graph to determine which relationship

if any exists between the average annual rainfall and the
EL

number of mosquitoes
D

A) There is no relationship
AB

B) There is a negative linear relationship

C) There is an exponential relationship
D) There is a positive linear relationship
AI
.M
DR
 6
(68) The food source for a population of black-

29
billed seed crackers consists of both that tend to
have either large or small beak sizes . Very few

56
seed crackers have medium sized beaks . Hard
seeds can be readily eaten only by birds with

30
large beaks soft seeds can be readily eaten only
by birds with small beaks. Based on this

12
information , is the population of seed crackers

01
more likely influenced by directional selection or
by disruptive selection ?
M
A) Directional , this type of selection favors the
LA
intermediate form of a trait
B) Directional , this type of selection favors the 2
SA

extreme forms of a trait

C) Disruptive , this type of selection favors the
intermediate form of a trait
EL

D) Disruptive , this type of selection favors the 2 extreme

forms of a trait
D
AB

(69) What cell type functions to eliminate

infection in the human body ?
AI

A) Muscle cells
.M

B) Skin cells
C) Red blood cells
DR

D) White blood cells

 6
70) Which statement describes a

29
fundamental characteristics of all living

56
organisms ?
A) Inheritance of trials is based on a universal

30
genetic code

12
B) Genetic mutations arise in response to
environmental changes

01
C) Cells are interchangeable
M
D) Individual organism can be identified by
microscope cellular examination
LA
SA

(71) Which of the following best

describes an ecological community ?
EL

A) A group of populations of different species

D

that occupy the same geographical region

AB

B) A group of populations of different species

and their abiotic environment
AI

C) A group of organisms of the same species

.M

living in the same geographical environment

D) A particular place in which a specific
species lives
DR
 6
(72) In the 1920s , biochemist Phebus A.

29
Levene proposed that DNA contains

56
equal amount of each nitrogen base and
that bases are organized in repeating

30
clusters of 4 , which of the following

12
statements best reflects Chargaff's 1947
correction of Levens's proposed DNA

01
structure ?
M
A) DNA contains unequal amounts of each
LA
adenine , cytosine , guanine , and thymine
B) DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and
SA

guanine and unequal amounts cytosine and

thymine
EL

C) DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and

cytosine and equal amounts of guanine and
D

thymine
AB

D) DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and

thymine , and equal amounts of cytosine and
AI

guanine
.M
DR
 (73) A form of vitamin-D resistant rickets is

6
inherited as an X-linked dominant disease .

29
Suppose a man with this disease and a woman

56
without this disease produce 2 children , 1 male
and 1 female . Which of these children would be

30
likely to inherent the allele for this form of
vitamin-D resistant rickets ?

12
01
A) Neither child
B) The male only
C) Both children M
D) The female only
LA

(74) In living cells , Enzyme X facilitates a

SA

reaction that breaks down hydrogen peroxide

into water and oxygen . Which of the
EL

following statements about Enyme X is most

likely correct
D

A) Enzyme X lowers the activation energy of

AB

the reaction
B) Enzyme X is consumed during the
AI

reaction
.M

C) Enzyme X is permanently altered during

the reaction
D) Enzyme X is unaffected by extreme
DR

changes in temperature and pH

 (75)
substance pH

6
29
Battery acid 1.0

56
Lemon juice 2.0

30
Vinegar 3.0

12
Rain 5.5

01
Milk 6.5
M
Sea water 8.5
LA

Ammonia 12.0
SA

Lye 13.0
EL

Which of the following statements accurately

D

compares rain to another subsatnce in the table

AB

A) Rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration

than ammonia
AI

B) Rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration

than milk
.M

C) Rain has a lower hydroxide ion concentration

than vinegar
DR

D) Rain has a lower hydroxide ion concentration

than lye
 (76) A new island is formed by a volcanic

6
eruption . Soil gradually develops in this

29
new island , allowing grasses and other

56
herbaceous plants to grow . These grasses
and other herbaceous plants are gradually

30
replaced by woody shrubs that are

12
replaced by trees . This change in

01
community composition over time is best
described as which of the following ?
M
A) Succession
LA

B) Reproductive isolation
SA

C) Speciation
D) Geographic isolation
EL

(77) Which of the following is a type of

bond in which electrons are shared ?
D
AB

A) Covalent
B) Ionic
AI

C) Hydrogen
.M

D) Electrostatic
DR
 6
(78) Species X and species Y in the

29
same class , but not the same order

56
species X and species Z are in the
same order . Which phylogenic tree

30
best represent the relationship

12
among these 3 species ?

01
X Y Z M
LA

A)
SA
EL
D
AB

Y X Z
AI

B)
.M
DR
 Z Y X

6
29
C)

56
30
12
Y
X Z

01
D)
M
LA
SA

(79) A scientist observes four female gray

wolves , each from a different pack , female 1
EL

has the thickest fur female 2 produces the

most pups that survive to reproduce ,
D

female 3 has the most relatives in her pack

AB

and female 4 survives the longest . Based on

Darwin's theory of natural selection , which
AI

female has the highest biological fitness ?

.M

A) Female 1 C) Female 2
B) Female 3 D) Female 4
DR
 6
(80) Scientists often use the amino acids

29
sequences of hemoglobin polypeptides

56
to determine evolutionary relationships
between organisms . The number of

30
differences in the amino acids sequences

12
of hemoglobin polypeptides between
humans and vertebrates W , X , Y and Z

01
are shown in this table :
M
Amino Acid difference
LA
in hemoglobin
SA

# of differences
vertebrate
from humans
EL

W 45
D

X 32
AB

Y 67
AI

Z 125
.M
DR
 Based on this data, which of these 4

6
29
vertebrates is most closely related to
humans

56
30
A) Vertebrate W
B) Vertebrate Y

12
C) Vertebrate X

01
D) Vertebrate Z
M
LA
SA
EL
D
AB
AI
.M
DR
DR
.M
AI

&
AB
D

I will
I can
EL
SA
LA
M
01
12
30
56
29
6
DR
.M
AI

&
AB
D

I will
I can
EL
SA
LA
M
01
12
30
56
29
6
DR
.M
AI

&
AB
D

I will
I can
EL
SA
LA
M
01
12
30
56
29
6
DR
.M
AI

&
AB
D

I will
I can
EL
SA
LA
M
01
12
30
56
29
6
Study

6
29
56
Assigment

30
12
SUNDAY

01
MONDAY M
LA

TEUSDAY
SA

WEDNESDAY
EL
D

THURSDAY
AB

FRIDAY
AI
.M

SATURDAY
DR
Study

6
29
56
Assigment

30
12
SUNDAY

01
MONDAY M
LA

TEUSDAY
SA

WEDNESDAY
EL
D

THURSDAY
AB

FRIDAY
AI
.M

SATURDAY
DR
Study

6
29
56
Assigment

30
12
SUNDAY

01
MONDAY M
LA

TEUSDAY
SA

WEDNESDAY
EL
D

THURSDAY
AB

FRIDAY
AI
.M

SATURDAY
DR
Study

6
29
56
Assigment

30
12
SUNDAY

01
MONDAY M
LA

TEUSDAY
SA

WEDNESDAY
EL
D

THURSDAY
AB

FRIDAY
AI
.M

SATURDAY
DR