Unit-7: Ancient Civilization

Vocabulary Section
I. Write the correct vocabulary by checking the gaps.

1. Chase uses a t --- m------ later in the series to travel through time. (4/7)
2. My s ------ disintegrated and my foot is bleeding. (7)
3. She sprayed the p ------ on her wrist and coughed. (7)
4. They have a v ----, a country estate in Spain. (5)
5. It is a s --------- and memorable, as well as valuable experience, to be lost in the woods any time. (10)
6. The Taj Mahal is a m ---------- building. (11)
7. M ------------ helped someone reach the afterlife as they believed that there was a form the soul could repossess
after death. (13)

8. I thought I'd dress up the frozen pizza with a few extra tomatoes and o -----. (6)
9. The excavation team found a narrow corridor that led to a long, convert wide b ----- c------- filled with dirt. (6/8)
10. All records of the past were zealously p --------. (9)
11. Any knowledgeable wine m ------- would be able to advise you. (8)
12. He is an a ------------ who recently excavated an extraordinary Olmec site in Mexico. (13)
13. R ---- N------- are the letters used to represent numbers in ancient Rome. (5/8)
14. T ------- c----; a large box that is filled with gold, silver, jewels, etc. (8/5)
15. T S -- ----- is a large ancient statue of a creature with a human head and a lion's body that stands near the pyramids
in Egypt. (3/6)
 II. Write the most suitable word for each of the following definitions.

1. an object made from a hard material, especially stone or metal, to look like a person or animal
2. a large stone structure or underground room where the death is buried
3. the dead body of a human being or animal preserved by the ancient Egyptian process or some similar method of
embalming
4. a special chair used by a king or queen to sit on at ceremonies
5. a person engaged in a fight to the death as public entertainment for ancient Romans
6. a phrase or short piece of writing taken from a longer work of literature, poetry, etc. or what someone else has said
7. a written composition in sequence, usually nonfiction, on a specific topic, forming an independent part of a book or
other publication, as a newspaper or magazine
8. a two-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, used in ancient racing and warfare
9. the loose outer garment worn in public by citizens of ancient Rome
10. a loose garment, typically sleeveless and reaching to the knees, as worn in ancient Greece and Rome
11. an object that has been made by a person, such as a tool or a decoration, especially one that is of historical interest
12. a complex human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and
technological development
13. a stone coffin, often decorated, that was used in ancient times
14. a system of writing that uses pictures instead of words, especially as used in ancient Egypt
15. a line of words printed in large letters as the title of a story in a newspaper
16. a large open area surrounded by rows of seats sloping upward
17. ancient masonry structures that were constructed by the ancient Egyptians
18. a large circular or oval area with seats around it for watching sports and entertainments in Rome, built by the ancient
Roman
19. a king of ancient Egypt
20. an artificial channel that is constructed to transport water from one location to another
21. containers that were used by the ancient Egyptians to store and preserve the organs that were removed from the
dead body for the afterlife

Grammar Section
I. The Passive: Mixed Tenses Change these sentences from active to passive.
1. I saw that someone had broken into my car.
2. The post office may not have delivered it yet.
3. They are breaking the law again.
4. The plumber was replacing the pipe.
5. They shouldn’t allow that.
6. He TV channel is going to make a new series.
7. Airports are cancelling the most of the flights.
8. No one told me anything.
9. They didn’t use to make this car here.
10. I heard that the flood had destroyed several buildings.
11. The assistant told Bob not to wait any longer.
12. The surgeon has recently operated on his knees.
13. The accident couldn’t kill him.
14. They didn’t answer the phone.
 15. A lawyer has suggested them take legal action.
16. How is he going to achieve these goals?
17. A member of staff is dealing with the problem.
18. People do not always follow these rules.
19. No one can answer this question.

II. Order of Adjectives

A. Put the words in brackets in the correct order.
1. I bought a ________ (cotton, sun, short, green) dress for the wedding.
2. She got me _____________________ (a, leather, stylish, brown) jacket.
3. We watched _____________________ (the, French, boring) film.
4. The lady is wearing _____________________ (yellow, long, a) dress.
5. They borrowed _____________________ (my, evening, silk, black and white) dress.
6. I bought _____________________ (white, gold, two, old, beautiful) necklaces.
7. The glasses cost _____________________ (ten, US) dollars.
8. Our dog is _____________________ (a brown, big, scary, German) shepherd.

B. Choose the correct order of adjectives.

9. Which is correct in order of adjectives?
A. old, science fiction, interesting, twelve, Wells books
B. twelve interesting, old, science fiction Wells books

10. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. old, French, writing desk
B. French, old, writing desk

11. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. A dozen of round, green, Granny Smith apples
B. Green, a, Granny Smith, dozen apples

12. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. A red checkered shirt
B. A checkered, red shirt

13. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. Some spicy Mediterranean food
B. Mediterranean, spicy, some, food

14. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. Three blue, metal tables
B. Blue, three metal tables

15. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. Ten young kids
B. Young ten kids

16. Which is correct in order of adjectives?

A. Twelve small tea bags
B. Small tea twelve bags
17. Which adjective type comes last?
A. Origin
B. Qualifier
C. Colour
D. Opinion

18. Which adjective type comes after age?

A. Qualifier
B. Quantity
C. Colour
D. Shape

19. Which adjective should come first when describing hats?

A. Straw
B. Some
C. Old
D. Brown

20. Which adjective should come last when describing a movie?

A. 70s
B. A
C. Coppola
D. Crime

21. Which adjective type comes first?

A. Size
B. Shape
C. Opinion
D. Quantity

Reading Section
Hike and Seek
In the wild, it often comes down to predator and prey. There is the hunter and there is the hunted. Organisms want
to stay alive. They hide or escape from animals who would like to eat them. So how do they do it? They adapt to
their environment. One very helpful adaptation is called camouflage. You may have been surprised at some time by
an animal that used camouflage. It blended into its surroundings so well that you nearly missed seeing it. Its coloring,
markings or other physical features allowed it to blend in to the area around it. Animals use camouflage to fool a
predator. The hidden animal is not seen when a predator scans an area looking for food. Wild goats, for example,
have coats that make them look invisible among rocks. A baby giraffe’s coat helps it hide among the grass and trees.
A chameleon is a lizard that will change colors depending on the surface it is on. Camouflage often works the other
way around, too. Predators can use camouflage to trap their prey. A predator can attack unexpectedly an animal it
wants to eat. The prey animal doesn’t see danger because the predator blends into the habitat. A leopard’s spotted
coat helps it blend in to the background and sneak up on its prey. Another popular adaptation is mimicry. Mimicry is
when an animal has the physical characteristics that makes it look like another animal or a plant. Some moths look
like a wasp. Predators that don’t like wasps will think the moth is a wasp and not eat it.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.

 1. What is the function of camouflage in the wild?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do animals use mimicry to protect themselves?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What’s the difference between camouflage and mimicry?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. If you were a wild animal, would you rather have the ability to mimic another animal or the ability to
camouflage yourself? Why?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. If a chameleon was on a green leaf, what color do you think it would be?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Morocco's Geography
Morocco is a country located in the northwest corner of Africa. It is the only African country that borders both the
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. The Mediterranean Sea is to the north of Morocco. The Atlantic Ocean is
to the country’s west. To the east and southeast of Morocco is the country Algeria. And south of Morocco’s border
lies the Western Sahara territory. Within Morocco, there are mountains, plains, forests, and deserts. The country’s
varied geography makes it a great natural habitat for many plants and animals.
The northern coast and central regions of Morocco are mountainous. The Rif Mountains in the north run along the
Mediterranean coastline. The Atlas Mountains run through the middle of the country. These mountains separate the
coastline from the Sahara Desert in the south. The Atlas Mountains is made up of four different ranges. They extend
for more than 12,000 miles into Algeria and Tunisia. The highest of the four mountain ranges is called the High Atlas.
Even in summer, there can still be snow on some of its highest peaks! Mount Toubkal is located in the High Atlas. It is
the tallest mountain in Morocco. It rises 13,665 feet, or over two and a half miles, above sea level.
Morocco’s mountain ranges experience much more rainfall than the rest of the country. In fact, the northern section
of these mountains gets enough rainfall to support large forests. Much of the rain that falls on these mountains ends
up in rivers. Many of these rivers flow westward to the Atlantic Ocean. These rivers water the plains near the coast of
Morocco. The coastal plains have fertile soil, making them great for agriculture. However, rainfall throughout
Morocco is unpredictable. In certain areas of the country, there can be droughts or floods. The Sahara Desert covers
part of Southern Morocco. The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. This hot and dry area does not get as
much rain as the rest of the country.
Morocco’s climate varies because of its diverse geography. Most of Morocco’s coastline experiences warm, dry
summers and mild winters. However, closer to the mountains, the climate becomes more extreme. Mountain winters
can be quite harsh. In the Sahara Desert, the climate is usually very dry and hot, although temperatures can get
below freezing at night.

1. What is unique about Morocco’s location in Africa? 

A. It is the only country in Africa that has a good natural habitat for plants and animals. 
B. It is the only country that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. 
C. It is the only country where rainfall from the mountains flows west through rivers.
D. It is the only country in Africa that has both the Sahara Desert and fertile soil for agriculture. 
2. How does the text describe the northern and central regions of Morocco? 
A. as very hot and dry, with the Sahara Desert 
B. as rainy, with fertile soil that is great for agriculture 
C. as having extreme weather, with freezing temperatures
D. as mountainous, with the Rif and Atlas Mountains 

3. Read the following sentences from the text.

“The northern coast and central regions of Morocco are mountainous…. Morocco’s mountain ranges experience
much more rainfall than the rest of the country. In fact, the northern section of these mountains gets enough rainfall
to support large forests. Much of the rain that falls on these mountains ends up in rivers. Many of these rivers flow
westward to the Atlantic Ocean. These rivers water the plains near the coast of Morocco. The coastal plains have
fertile soil, making them great for agriculture.”
What conclusion can you draw from this evidence?
A. Most people in Morocco choose to live near the coast, on fertile soil. 
B. There is a river running through every city and town in Morocco. 
C. The large forests in Morocco are a great place to find unique plants.
D. Weather in northern Morocco impacts the country’s food production. 

4. Why are there probably not many plants in the Sahara Desert? 
A. Only the Western part of the Sahara Desert is in Morocco, which is the part of the desert where plants do not grow. 
B. The rivers in Morocco run through the Sahara Desert and wash away all of the nutrients in the soil and do not leave
room for plants. 
C. The Sahara Desert is very hot and dry, parts of it do not get rain, and temperatures can be below freezing at night.
D. The plains near the coast of Morocco take all of the rainwater that flows down from the mountains so the desert
doesn’t get any. 

5. What is the main idea of this text? 

A. Morocco’s geography is unique because of Mount Toubkal, which is 13,665 feet. 
B. Morocco’s geography is diverse, with mountains, plains, forests, and deserts. 
C. Rainfall in Morocco is unpredictable, causing droughts and floods in some areas.
D. The Atlas Mountains separates the Moroccan coast from the Sahara Desert. 

Listening Section
https://www.esleschool.com/five-conversations-set-1/

Writing Section
I. Write a short story called ``A lesson in life” using one of the following proverbs; (Unit-6)
A fall in a ditch makes you wiser

A dog that barks much does not bite

It takes an entire village to raise a child

II. Write about a real discovery that you have recently watched on TV or read in newspaper or heard
from someone. (Unit-7)