Chapter 1

Formative Practice 1.1

1 What does biology mean?

2 List three fields of biology and the development in those fields.

3 Choose one development in the field of biology and discuss its contributions to humans.

4 Name five careers that are related to the fields of biology.

Formative Practice 1.2

1 State three examples of personal protective equipment in the lab and their functions.

2 After conducting an experiment, you are given a task to manage the disposal of Category B
biological waste (non-sharp wastes). Think of the best way so that the biological waste does not
affect the environment.

3 An accident has occurred in the laboratory involving mercury spills. Explain the steps in handling
the mercury spills.

4 Chemicals must be handled with care to avoid unwanted accidents. List steps for proper handling
of chemicals.

Formative Practice 1.3

1 The table below shows the results of an experiment to study the effects of substrate concentration
on biochemical reactions.

Test Tube Starch Concentration Time to complete Rate of hydrolysis of

(%) starch hydrolysis starch (% minute −1 )
(minute)
A 1.0 2.5 0.4
B 2.0 3.0 0.7
C 3.0 3.5 0.9
D 4.0 4.0 1.0

(a) Based on the table above, identify the manipulated variable and responding variable.
(b) Draw a graph of rate of starch hydrolysis versus starch concentration using the correct scale
and units.

2 State five characteristics that a biological drawing must have.

3 State the three main planes that are used for observation of the structure of an organism.

4 List the steps in a scientific investigation.

Summative Practice 1
1 ) Why are you not allowed to wear slippers while in the laboratory?

2 ) Give the meaning of

(a) cross section
(b) longitudinal section

3 ) Discuss methods of biological waste management.

4 ) Describe the stages involved in a scientific investigation.

5 ) (a) An experiment was conducted to demonstrate the hydrolysis of starch by the amylase
enzyme. Experiment apparatus provided are as in Figure 1. After an hour, samples from
each test tube was tested using iodine test.

(i) Identify the problem statement for this experiment.

(ii) State the appropriate hypothesis for this experiment.
(iii) Identify the manipulated variable, responding variable and constant variable.

(b) A pupil spilled hydrochloric acid while conducting an experiment. What action should
be taken by the pupil?
Essay Questions

(a) Figure 2 shows an accident in a biology laboratory due to two pupils playing with fire
while conducting an experiment. The accident caused one of the boys’ shirt to catch
fire. Explain what the victim's friend should do.

(b) Azlin is conducting an experiment involving the use of a thermometer. Accidentally, she
drops the thermometer on the floor and the thermometer breaks. What steps does
Azlin needs to take in handling the spilled mercury waste? Explain your answer.

(c) Plan an experiment to study the effect of sugar on the growth of yeast.

Enrichment
7 ) The emergence of Industrial Revolution 4.0 has begun to change the way we work and
the way we live. Various industries are experiencing drastic changes and at the same
time transforming jobs related to those industries. In your opinion, what is the effect of the
Industrial Revolution 4.0 to everyday life? Justify your opinion.

8 )If you are given an assignment by your teacher to collect information on the development
of tissue culture technique in Malaysia, suggest the steps that need to be taken to complete
your assignment.