ALLEN Wave Motion 1

5. A string of length 1 m and mass 5 g is fixed

WAVE MOTION
at both ends. The tension in the string is 8.0 N.
1. A musician using an open flute of length The siring is set into vibration using an external
50 cm produces second harmonic sound vibrator of frequency 100 Hz. The separation
waves. A person runs towards the musician between successive nodes on the string is close
from another end of a hall at a speed of to :
10 km/h. If the wave speed is 330 m/s, the (1) 16.6 cm (2) 20.0 cm
frequency heard by the running person shall
(3) 10.0 cm (4) 33.3 cm
be close to :
6. A train moves towards a stationary observer
(1) 753 Hz (2) 500 Hz
with speed 34 m/s. The train sounds a whistle
(3) 333 Hz (4) 666 Hz and its frequency registered by the observer is
2. Two coherent sources produce waves of f1. If the speed of the train is reduced to
different intensities which interfere. After 17 m/s, the frequency registered is f2. If speed
interference, the ratio of the maximum intensity of sound is 340 m/s, then the ratio f1/f2 is :

3.
(1) 4 : 1
(3) 16 : 9
EN
to the minimum intensity is 16. The intensity
of the waves are in the ratio:
(2) 25 : 9
(4) 5 : 3
A heavy ball of mass M is suspended from the
ceiling of a car by a light string of mass
7.
(1) 18/17 (2) 19/18

y = 0.03 sin(450 t – 9x)

(3) 20/19

where distance and time are measured is

SI units. The tension in the string is :
(4) 21/20
Equation of travelling wave on a stretched
string of linear density 5 g/m is

m (m<<M). When the car is at rest, the speed (1) 10 N (2) 12.5 N (3) 7.5 N (4) 5 N
LL
of transverse waves in the string is 60 ms–1. 8. A resonance tube is old and has jagged end.
When the car has acceleration a, the It is still used in the laboratory to determine
wave-speed increases to 60.5 ms–1. The value velocity of sound in air. A tuning fork of
frequency 512 Hz produces first resonance
of a, in terms of gravitational acceleration g, is
when the tube is filled with water to a mark
closest to : 11 cm below a reference mark, near the open
g g g g end of the tube. The experiment is repeated
A

(1) (2) (3) (4) with another fork of frequency 256 Hz which
5 20 10 30
produces first resonance when water reaches
4. A closed organ pipe has a fundamental a mark 27 cm below the reference mark. The
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frequency of 1.5 kHz. The number of velocity of sound in air, obtained in the
overtones that can be distinctly heard by a experiment, is close to:
person with this organ pipe will be : (1) 328ms–1 (2) 322ms–1
(Assume that the highest frequency a person (3) 341ms–1 (4) 335ms–1
can hear is 20,000 Hz)
(1) 7 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 4

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2 Wave Motion
9. A travelling harmonic wave is represented by
the equation y (x, t) = 10–3 sin (50 t + 2x),
where x and y are in meter and t is in seconds.
Which of the following is a correct statement
about the wave?
The wave is propagating along the
(1) negative x-axis with speed 25ms–1
(2) The wave is propagating along the positive
x-axis with speed 25 ms–1
(3) The wave is propagating along the positive
x-axis with speed 100 ms–1
(4) The wave is propagating along the negative
ALLEN
12. A string 2.0 m long and fixed at its ends is
driven by a 240 Hz vibrator. The string vibrates
in its third harmonic mode. The speed of the
wave and its fundamental frequency is :-
(1) 320m/s, 120 Hz (2) 180m/s, 80 Hz
(3) 180m/s, 120 Hz (4) 320m/s, 80 Hz
13. The pressure wave, P = 0.01 sin [1000t – 3x]
Nm–2 , corresponds to the sound produced by
a vibrating blade on a day when atmospheric
temperature is 0°C. On some other day, when
temperature is T, the speed of sound produced
by the same blade and at the same frequency
is found to be 336 ms–1. Approximate value of
T is :

10.
EN
x-axis with speed 100 ms–1
A person standing on an open ground hears
the sound of a jet aeroplane, coming from north
at an angle 60° with ground level. But he finds
the aeroplane right vertically above his position.
If u is the speed of sound, speed of the plane
14.
(1) 15°C
(3) 4°C
(2) 12°C
(4) 11°C
A string is clamped at both the ends and it is
vibrating in its 4th harmonic. The equation of
the stationary wave is Y = 0.3 sin(0.157x)
cos(200pt). The length of the string is : (All
quantities are in SI units.)
is :
LL
(1) 20 m (2) 80 m
2u (3) 60 m (4) 40 m
(1) (2) u
3
15. A source of sound S is moving with a velocity
of 50 m/s towards a stationary observer. The
u 3
(3) (4) u observer measures the frequency of the source
2 2
as 1000 Hz. What will be the apparent
11. A wire of length 2L, is made by joining two frequency of the source when it is moving
A

wires A and B of same length but different away from the observer after crossing him ?
radii r and 2r and made of the same material. (Take velocity of sound in air is 350 m/s)
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It is vibrating at a frequency such that the joint (1) 857 Hz (2) 807 Hz
of the two wires forms a node. If the number (3) 750 Hz (4) 1143 Hz
of antinodes in wire A is p and that in B is q 16. A stationary source emits sound waves of
then the ratio p : q is : frequency 500 Hz. Two observers moving
along a line passing through the source detect
A B sound to be of frequencies 480 Hz and 530Hz.
Their respective speeds are, in ms–1,
L L
(Given speed of sound = 300 m/s)
(1) 4 : 9 (2) 3 : 5 (1) 16, 14 (2) 12, 18
(3) 1 : 4 (4) 1 : 2 (3) 12, 16 (4) 8, 18

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 ALLEN Wave Motion 3

17. A tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz is used in
an experiment for measuring speed of sound
(n) in air by resonance tube method. Resonance
is observed to occur at two successive lengths
of the air column, l1 = 30 cm and l2 = 70 cm.
Then n is equal to :
20. A progressive wave travelling along the
positive x-direction is represented by
y(x, t) = A sin (kx – wt + f). Its snapshot at
t = 0 is given in the figure:
y

(1) 332 ms–1 (2) 379 ms–1 A

x
(3) 384 ms–1 (4) 338 ms–1
18. Two sources of sound S1 and S2 produce
sound waves of same frequency 660 Hz. A
listener is moving from source S1 towards S2 For this wave, the phase f is :
with a constant speed u m/s and he hears 10
p p
beats/s. The velocity of sound is 330 m/s. (1) 0 (2) - (3) p (4)

19.
Then, u equals :
(1) 2.5 m/s
(3) 5.5 m/s
EN (2) 15.0 m/s
(4) 10.0 m/s
A small speaker delivers 2 W of audio output.
At what distance from the speaker will one
21.
2

A submarine (A) travelling at 18 km/hr is being

chased along the line of its velocity by another
submarine (B) travelling at 27 km/hr. B sends
a sonar signal of 500 Hz to detect A and
receives a reflected sound of frequency n. The
2

detect 120 dB intensity sound ? [Given value of n is close to :

LL
reference intensity of sound as 10–12W/m2]
(Speed of sound in water = 1500 ms–1)
(1) 10 cm (2) 30 cm (1) 499 Hz (2) 502 Hz
(3) 40 cm (4) 20 cm (3) 507 Hz (4) 504 Hz
A
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4 Wave Motion ALLEN
SOLUTION
2 g g
1. Ans. (4) a=g = =
60 30 5.47
Frequency of the sound produced by flute,
g
æ v ö 2 ´ 330 ;
f = 2ç ÷ = = 660Hz 5
è 2l ø 2 ´ 0.5
4. Ans. (1)
5 25 For closed organ pipe, resonate frequency is
Velocity of observer, v0 = 10 ´ = m/s
18 9 odd multiple of fundamental frequency.
\ frequency detected by observer, \ (2n + 1) f0 £ 20,000
é v + v0 ù (fo is fundamental frequency = 1.5 KHz)
f' = ê f
ë v úû \n=6
é 25 ù \ Total number of overtone that can be heared
ê 9 + 330 ú is 6. (1 to 6).
660
\ f' = ê 330 ú
ê ú NTA answer is option (1) that is 7 overtones

2.
I max
I min
ë

= 16
û
= 335.56 × 2 = 671.12
\ closest answer is (4)
Ans. (2)
EN 5.
but correct answer is option (3) that is 6
overtones.
Ans. (2)
Velocity of wave on string

V=
T
m
=
8
5
´ 1000 = 40m / s

A max
LL
Þ =4 v 40
A min Now, wavelength of wave l = = m
n 100
A1 + A 2 4
Þ = l 20
A1 - A 2 1 Separation b/w successive nodes, = m
2 100
Using componendo & dividendo. = 20 cm
2
A1 5 I æ 5 ö 25 6. Ans. (2)
A

= Þ 1 =ç ÷ =
A2 3 I2 è 3 ø 9
é v ± v0 ù
3. Ans. (1) fapp = f0 ê 2 ú
ë v 2 m vs û
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Mg
60 = é 340 ù
m f1 = f0 ê ú
ë 340 - 34 û

( ) é 340 ù
1/ 2
M g2 + a 2 60.5 g2 + a 2 f2 = f0 ê
60.5 = Þ = ú
m 60 g2 ë 340 - 17 û

f1 340 - 17 323 f1 19
4 = = Þ =
æ 0.5 ö g + a
2 2
2 f2 340 - 34 306 f2 18
ç 1 + 60 ÷ = g2 = 1 + 60
è ø

2
Þ g2 + a 2 = g 2 + g 2 ´
60
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 ALLEN Wave Motion 5

7. Ans. (2) 11. Ans. (4)

y = 0.03 sin(450 t – 9x) µ1 µ2

w 450 Sol. L L
v= = = 50 m / s
k 9 radius = r radius = 2r

T T Let mass per unit length of wires are µ1 and µ2

v= Þ = 2500 respectively.
m m
Q Materials are same, so density r is same.
Þ T = 2500 × 5 × 10–3
rpr 2 L r4pr 2 L
\ m1 = = m and m 2 = = 4m
= 12.5 N L L
8. Ans. (1) Tension in both are same = T, let speed of
wave in wires are V1 and V2
9. Ans. (1)
y= a sin(wt + kx) T T V
V1 = = V ; V2 = =

10.
n=
w
K
Ans. (3)
50
2
EN
Þ wave is moving along –ve x-axis with speed

Þ n = = 25m / sec.
f 01 =
m

V1
=
2L 2L
V
4m 2
So fundamental frequencies in both wires are
V
& f 02 = 2 =
2L 4L
V

Frequency at which both resonate is L.C.M

V
B VP A of both frequencies i.e. .
2L
LL
60°
Hence no. of loops in wires are 1 and 2
V respectively.

A A
N
N
C N N
A

AB = Vp × t A
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BC = Vt So, ratio of no. of antinodes is 1 : 2.

AB
12. Ans. (4)
cos60° =
BC æ v ö
Sol. 3 ç ÷ = 240
è 2l ø
1 Vp ´ t
=
2 Vt v
3 = 240
2´2
V
VP = v = 320 m/s
2
v 320
fundamental frequency = = = 80 Hz.
2l 2 ´ 2

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6 Wave Motion ALLEN
13. Ans. (3) 1000 ´ 300
fsource =
Sol. Speed of wave from wave equation 350
50 m/s
(coeffecient of t)
v=– S O
(coeffecient of x)
æ V ö
1000 1000 fapp = ç V + 50 ÷ . fsource
è ø
v = – (–3) = 3
350 300
= ´ 1000 ´
since speed of wave µ T 400 350
= 750 Hz
1000 273 16. Ans. (2)
so = 3 =
T
300 - v1
336 Sol. f = 480 = ´ 500
300
Þ T = 277.41 K
1440
T = 4.41°C = 300 - v1
5
Option (3)
14. Ans. (2)
Sol. 4th harmonic
EN v1 =

530 =
60
5
= 12m / s

300 + v2
300
1590 = 1500 + 5v2
5v2 = 90
´ 500

l
v2 = 18 m/s
LL
l 17. Ans. (3)
4 =l Sol. n = 2f (l2 – l1)
2
2l = l n = 2 × 480 × (70 – 30) × 10–2
n = 960 × 40 × 10–2
2p n = 38400 × 10–2 m/s
From equation = 0.157
l
n = 384 m/s
l = 40 18. Ans. (1)
A

l = 2l Sol. f = 660 Hz, n = 330 m/s

= 80 m S1 S2
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n u n
Option (2)
15. Ans. (3)
æn-uö
f1 = f ç ÷
50 m/s è n ø
Sol.
O S æn+uö
f2 = f ç ÷
æ V-0 ö è n ø
fapp = ç V - 50 ÷ fsource
è ø f
f2 – f 1 = [n + u – (n – u)]
n
æ 350 ö
1000 = ç 300 ÷ fsource f
è ø 10 = f2 – f1 = [2u]
n
u = 2.5 m/s
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 ALLEN Wave Motion 7

19. Ans. (3) 21. Ans. (2)

Sol. Loudness of sound is given by 5m/s
7.5m/s
Sol.
I æ I is intensity of sound ö
dB = 10 log I ç I is reference intensity of sound ÷
è 0 ø
0 B A

æ I ö f0 = 500 Hz
\ 120 = 10 log ç I ÷ frequency recieved by A
è 0ø
Þ I = 1 W/m2 æ 1500 - 5 ö
Þç ÷ f =f
è 1500 - 7.5 ø 0 1
P 2
Also I = 2
= and frequency recieved By B again =
4 pr 4pr 2
¬¾ 1500
2 1 (B) (A) & Þ
\ r= = m = 0.399 m » 40 cm
4p 2p 7.5 m/s ¾® ¾® 5 m/sec
20. Ans. (3) æ 1500 + 7.5 ö æ 1500 - 5 ö

Sol.
EN
y t=0

y = A sin (kx - wt + f)
x
f2 = ç ÷×ç ÷ f = 502 Hz
è 1500 + 5 ø è 1500 - 7.5 ø 0

at x = 0, t = 0, y = 0 and slope is negative

LL
Þf=p
A
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