M3 Bac7

IMMACULADA CONCEPCION COLLEGE
of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.

Soldier's Hills III Subd., Brgy 180, Tala, North Caloocan City
Tel. nos: 709-42-25/935-99-86/373-15-12 ; icc_caloocan@yahoo.com.ph
(COMPONENTS OF RESEARCH)
CHAPTER 3
RESEACH
METHODOLOGY
Prepared by:
Ms. Mary Joy Amaro

Instructor
Federation of Associations of Private Schools and Administrators (FAPSA) Caloocan Association of Private Schools (CAPRIS) National Capital Region School Registrars Association (NACSRA) Philippine Association
for Teacher Education (PAFTE) Inter-School Athletic and Academic League (ISAAL) Asian Association of School Human Resource Management and Development Practitioners, Inc. (AASHPI) North Private School
Association of Caloocan (NPSAC)Private Education Assistance Committee (PEAC)
I. Introduction
The main objective of Chapter 3 is to describe the research methodology used in this research study, followed by the
presentation of the data and results which culminated from the statistical analysis of the questionnaire responses.
The research methodology describes the research strategy, research design, research method, geographical area where
the research was conducted and the population and sample. Once the population and sample were clarified, the empirical
instrument used to collect the data will be described, which includes methods implemented to maintain validity and
reliability of the instrument. An explanation of how the data was collected and captured will be illustrated in a figure.
The chapter would also discuss the statistical techniques which were used in the research in an attempt to analyze and
test the collected data. The research method will provide a planned and systematic approach of investigation that denotes
the detail framework of the analysis, data gathering techniques, sampling focus and interpretation strategy and analysis
plan. The ethical considerations, that needed to be taken into account when conducting the research, will also be
highlighted.
II. Table of Content
 Research Methodology  Construction and Validation of the instrument

 Respondents  Administration and Retrieval of the instrument
 Sampling technique  Statistical Treatment
 Research Instrument
III. Pre-Test
Elaborate the text. Effort and courage are not enough without purpose and direction. 10 points
IV. Objectives
● Identify the different parts of research chapter 3;
● Analyze each part of the research to formulate a good research method.
V. Lecture notes and lesson content
CHAPTER 3 – discusses about the Methods used in the Research.
A. Research Methodology - Research methodology simply refers to the practical “how” of any given piece of research. More
specifically, it’s about how a researcher systematically designs a study to ensure valid and reliable results that address the
research aims and objectives.
For example, how did the researcher go about deciding:
 What data to collect (and what data to ignore)

 Who to collect it from (in research, this is called “sampling design”)
 How to collect it (this is called “data collection methods”)
 How to analyze it (this is called “data analysis methods”)
B. Respondents - are those individuals who complete a survey or interview for the researcher, or who provide data to be
analyzed for the research study. Respondents can be any age, but determined by the scope of the study, and must agree to
informed consent to participate.
Selecting respondents will depend on the used methodology. Types of Method will be discussed on the Next chapter.
C. Sampling Design – the process of obtaining information from a subset

(sample) of a larger group (population). The results for the sample are
then used to make estimates of the larger group.
Main data collection methods
There are many different options in terms of how you go about collecting data
for your study. However, these options can be grouped into the following types:
 Interviews (which can be unstructured, semi-structured or structured)

 Focus groups and group interviews
 Surveys (online or physical surveys)
 Observations
 Documents and records
 Case studies
D. Research Instrument – is a tool used to collect, measure, and analyze data related to your research interests. These tools
are most commonly used in health sciences, social sciences, and education to assess patients, clients, students, teachers,
staff, etc.
The following list is an example of the steps to complete a research project. Choosing a Research Instrument is done after
conceptualization and the units of analysis have been chosen, and before operationalizing concepts construct instruments:
1. Select a topic 4. Research and write a literature review

2. Formulate a thesis statement 5. Formulate the research questions
3. Choose the types of analyses 6. Conceptualize a topic, refine thesis
7. Choose research method and research 11. Collect data

Instrument 12. Prepare the data for processing &
8. Operationalize concepts construct analysis
instruments 13. Process & analyze data
9. Formulate the data collection strategy 14. Interpret & make inferences about data
10. Perform a pilot study 15. Write the research paper
16. Publish data
E. Construction and Validation – contain details about how the questionnaire was constructed or formulated. After
considering the method, the demographic, and concept of the study, panelists will validate the formulated questionnaire
before researchers distribute it.
In constructing a questionnaire to gather date, a pilot testing is done to 5-10 non-respondents. Proper validation will be
processed according to the methodology used. The computation result should show the internal consistency, reliability and
validity of the instrument.
F. ADMINISTRATION & RETRIEVAL OF THE INSTRUMENT – shows how the instrument or questionnaire
administered to gather the data. It can be stated through the step-by-step procedure.
G. STATISTICAL TREATMENT- In its simplest form, statistical treatment of data is taking raw data and turning it into
something that can be interpreted and used to make decisions. This process is important for businesses because it allows
them to take customer feedback and turn it into actionable insights.
VI. Post Test
A. Give characteristics of a good business research.
B. Present a raw details of a certain research problem, state respondents demographic and possible conclusion.
VII. Assignments/Related Readings

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IMMACULADA CONCEPCION COLLEGE

of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.

Ms. Mary Joy Amaro

II. Table of Content

 Research Methodology  Construction and Validation of the instrument

V. Lecture notes and lesson content

CHAPTER 3 – discusses about the Methods used in the Research.

For example, how did the researcher go about deciding:

 What data to collect (and what data to ignore)

C. Sampling Design – the process of obtaining information from a subset

Main data collection methods

 Interviews (which can be unstructured, semi-structured or structured)

1. Select a topic 4. Research and write a literature review

7. Choose research method and research 11. Collect data

VI. Post Test

A. Give characteristics of a good business research.

VII. Assignments/Related Readings

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