Digital transformation in developing the health

sector in Egypt

Registration Number: XXXXXXXX

Major specialty: Strategic Management

 Index

 Introduction
 Vision
 Mission
 SWOT Matrix
 TOWS Matrix
 Internal Assessment Evaluation (IFE)
 External Assessment Evaluation (EFE)
 QSPM Matrix
 Digitalization Strategic objectives
 Implementation Matrix
 Control Matrix
 Evaluation Matrix
 References
 Introduction

The world today has changed in the light of either the health system

factors such as coronavirus or in communication preferences among citizens

in Egypt. With more than 45% of Egyptians use internet and more than

91% of population has mobile phones, digital health system can benefit

from this in easily access with low cost using different platforms.

Digitalization today transform the health systems with the introduction of

new technologies such as AI, Robotics, Remote connected care,

Biotechnology, IoT, Blockchain and more. Using the manual paper method

doctor notes are often amenable to security threats and doesn’t allow easy

analysis for decision making. Despite the new technological changes in other

health provided services such as CT, Xray and Lab tests, there is still some

medical practice using old non technological techniques. Digitalization is

the transformation shift that will affect both economy and society with

current well-established digital giants who provide improvements to

existing services with lower cost. Moreover, they introduced whole new

services with new experiences (e.g. FAANGS (Facebook, Apple, Amazon,

Netflix, and Google)).

Thanks to those platforms they introduce an opportunity for healthcare

digitalization, innovation and communication. They actually helped a lot

of us includes those in Egypt during Coronavirus epidemic. Health system

in Egypt is in need to be digital to match the current user needs.

Harnessing the
previous platforms with digital technique can make all of citizens within

our Health Sector digital Umbrella. Egyptians fits more than other

nations for digitalization ecosystems as we are known as youth nation,

where doctors, patients and decision makers are of young age with

minimum to average digital knowledge. We have seen this across the

last digital era with most of our minsters can be easily accessible and

announcements made through social media. The digitalization process

started to affect many of Egyptians life in other industries other than

health care so the process can be smoothly introduced but with proper

application and implementation.

 Vision

To be world leader top notch in health care sector using recent

digital technologies with high value for our citizens and country.

Mission

Providing our country with the best suitable digital techniques that fits

and maximizes in the digital ecosystem while outreach Egyptians health

benefits. The digitalization process will be tailored to match all of our

Egyptians expectations with tailored digital platforms. Health Sector

workers are the success partner and we will invest in their development

and digital knowledge. Health sector digitalization will seek to maximize

benefits with low cost for our nation.

 SWOT Analysis

Strength Weakness
 Highly specialized skilled doctors in nearly
all  No National of medical insurance

specialties
 Moderate knowledge linking with
 Young population can help as a
international institutions,
young healthcare stuff
hospitals, academics. etc.
 Lack of specialized educational
 Easy reach on digital platforms (High programs
mobile reach) and inefficient use of Stuff with
masters or PhD degrees
 Scientific cooperation and knowledge transfer
 Fear of change in health practice in
between doctors, private and governmental
Egypt and fear of loss of jobs.
hospitals as well as Universities hospitals.
 No clear job descriptions, job roles or
 Universal Health Insurance new system
workflow with high workload
 No IT advisors and IT data entry
 Newly established regulatory Authorities e.g.:
personnel within different MOH
Egyptian Drug Authority, Unified Medical
hospitals, clinics ...etc. with high cost
Procurement Authority, hospital auditing ...etc.
of

 Shortage of competent stuff in

some critical specialties.

 Lack of professional reporting structure.

 Lack of clear practice guidelines

and health information
disintegration.
 No motivation or reward criteria
 Opportunities Threats
 Recently introduced highly efficient IT
 Data under security and hacking threats
infrastructure country wide
 No cultural or social barriers for ICT usage  Change resistance of implementation
 Increasing health awareness among
 Floating exchange rate
population specially after COVID19
 Availability of stuff exchange programs  Disease outbreaks
 eGovernment changes in other industries
 Changes in medicine resistance
making health digitalization as a
and antibiotic resistance
smooth process
 Highly digital utilization by al stakeholder  Limited support from other
make
governmental organizations
it easier for awareness and implementation
 New generations of HCP’s and MOH personnel  Scant digitalization experts to cover
are very eager to utilize new technologies rapid changes in digital scene
 Old fashioned e-governance strategies
 Economic and political stability
not matching fast pacing digital
changes
 Home care and nursing home especially after
COVID19
 Newly introduced technology with open source
solutions e.g.: blockchain, Cloud computing
 TWOS Matrix
Strength: S Weakness: W
S1 Highly specialized skilled doctors in nearly all specialties W1 No National of medical insurance

Moderate knowledge linking with international

S2 Young population can help as a young healthcare stuff W2
institutions, hospitals, academics. etc.

Lack of specialized educational programs and inefficient use of

S3 Easy reach on digital platforms (High mobile reach) W3
Stuff with masters or PhD degrees
Scientific cooperation and knowledge transfer between
S4 doctors, private and governmental hospitals as well as W4 Fear of change in health practice in Egypt and fear of loss of
jobs.
Universities hospitals.

No clear job descriptions, job roles or workflow with

S5 Universal Health Insurance new system W5
high workload

Newly established regulatory Authorities e.g.: Egyptian

No IT advisors and IT data entry personnel within different
S6 Drug Authority, Unified Medical Procurement Authority, W6 MOH
hospital auditing ...etc. hospitals, clinics ...etc. with high cost of IT adoption

W7 Shortage of competent stuff in some critical specialties.

W8 Lack of professional reporting structure.

Lack of clear practice guidelines and health

W9
information disintegration.

W10 No motivation or reward criteria

Opportunities: O SO WO
Recently introduced highly efficient IT
O1  Building online digital health learning and
infrastructure country wide Exchange programs in critical specialist (W7, O4)
development platform (Continuous education

O2 No cultural or social barriers for ICT usage platform) (S1, O7)

 Digital training and development for new technologies to

Increasing health awareness among
O3
population specially after COVID19
O4 Availability of stuff exchange programs
eGovernment changes in other industries
O5
making health digitalization as a smooth
 Utilizing digital platforms in health mitigate digital transformation resistance (W4, O7)
awareness against different diseases (S3,
O2)
 Building Egyptian medical guidelines program where all
medical Key Opinion Leader and evidence-based medicine
 Building Healthy Egyptian platform for health
practitioners can share their knowledge (W9, O10)
data recording and follow up ‫( نمأتا و نمطتإ‬S5,

process O5)
O6
Highly digital utilization by all stakeholder
make it easier for awareness and
O7
implementation
 Building homecare geriatric system ‫( انيالهأ‬S2, O9)
New generations of HCP’s and MOH personnel
O8
are very eager to utilize new technologies
 Creating Egyptian Health Anticipation system using
O9 Economic and political stability
AI and Bigdata technology (S6, O10)

Home care and nursing home especially

O10
after COVID19 are more needed now

Threats: T ST WT
 Digital training and development for new technologies to
T1 Data under security and hacking threats  Data protection programs and courses for all
mitigate digital transformation resistance (W4, T2)
MOH personnel and HCP’s (S3, T1)
T2 Change resistance of implementation  Utilizing digital platforms in health awareness against
drugs abuses (W1, T5)
T3 Floating exchange rate

T4 Disease outbreaks

Changes in medicine resistance and

T5
antibiotic resistance

Limited support from other

T6
governmental organizations

Scant digitalization experts to cover rapid

T7
changes in digital scene
Old fashioned e-governance strategies not
T8
matching fast pacing digital changes
 Recommended strategies

 Building Healthy Egyptian platform for health data recording and follow up (‫)نمأتا و نمطتإ‬: the digital recording
system where all Egyptians heath related data are kept and analyzes with easily secure access for follow
up and update.
 Creating Egyptian Health Anticipation system using AI and Bigdata technology where technology meets
facts, with the power of AI and bigdata we can forecast health issues or drug shortage as well as fix them
before they even occur. Using this technology can also be very helpful in evidence-based medicine where
gathering data about specific disease symptoms and signs based on different factors in Egyptian genes and
life style and can help in anticipating and proper diagnosis.
 Utilizing digital platforms in health awareness against different diseases so, we can make sure that patients
know
how they had the disease in first place and easily how they can manage with the help of HCP’s. New technologies
such as VR and AR can be really creative and helpful in this and create unforgettable experience .
 Internal Assessment Evaluation (IFE)

Factor Diagnoses Weight Rate Weighted Score

S1 Highly specialized skilled doctors in nearly all specialties Strength 0.1 3 0.3
S2 Young population can help as a young healthcare stuff Strength 0.05 2 0.1
S3 Easy reach on digital platforms (High mobile reach) Strength 0.12 4 0.48
S4 Scientific cooperation and knowledge transfer between doctors, private and governmental hospitals as well as Universities Strength 0.08 3 0.24
hospitals.
S5 Universal Health Insurance new system Strength 0.07 4 0.28
S6 Newly established regulatory Authorities e.g.: Egyptian Drug Authority, Unified Medical Procurement Authority, hospital auditing Strength 0.07 3 0.21
...etc.
W1 No National medical insurance Weakness 0.09 3 0.27

W2 Moderate knowledge linking with international institutions, hospitals, academics. etc. Weakness 0.03 3 0.09
W3 Lack of specialized educational programs and inefficient use of Stuff with masters or PhD degrees Weakness 0.04 2 0.08
W4 Fear of change in health practice in Egypt and fear of loss of jobs. Weakness 0.03 4 0.12
W5 No clear job descriptions, job roles or workflow with high workload Weakness 0.01 2 0.02
W6 No IT advisors and IT data entry personnel within different MOH hospitals, clinics ...etc. with high cost of IT adoption Weakness 0.08 3 0.24
W7 Shortage of competent stuff in some critical specialties. Weakness 0.08 4 0.32
W8 Lack of professional reporting structure. Weakness 0.05 3 0.15
W9 Lack of clear practice guidelines and health information disintegration. Weakness 0.05 2 0.1
W10 No motivation or reward criteria Weakness 0.05 3 0.15
Total 1.00 3.15
 External Assessment Evaluation (EFE)

Factor Diagnoses Weight Rate Weighted Score

O1 Recently introduced highly efficient IT infrastructure country wide Opportunity 0.13 4 0.52

O2 No cultural or social barriers for ICT usage Opportunity 0.05 2 0.1

O3 Increasing health awareness among population specially after COVID19 Opportunity 0.05 3 0.15

O4 Availability of stuff exchange programs Opportunity 0.05 2 0.1

O5 eGovernment changes in other industries making health digitalization as a smooth process Opportunity 0.08 3 0.24

O6 Highly digital utilization by all stakeholder make it easier for awareness and Opportunity 0.09 4 0.36
implementation
O7 New generations of HCP’s and MOH personnel are very eager to utilize new technologies Opportunity 0.1 4 0.4

O8 Economic and political stability Opportunity 0.05 2 0.1

O9 Home care and nursing home especially after COVID19 are more needed now Opportunity 0.01 2 0.02

O10 Newly introduced technology with open source solutions e.g.: blockchain, Cloud Opportunity 0.11 4 0.44
computing
T1 Data under security and hacking threats Threat 0.1 4 0.4

T2 Change resistance of implementation Threat 0.05 3 0.15

T3 Floating exchange rate Threat 0.04 2 0.08

T4 Disease outbreaks Threat 0.03 3 0.09

T5 Changes in medicine resistance and antibiotic resistance Threat 0.01 2 0.02

T6 Limited support from other governmental organizations Threat 0.03 1 0.03

T7 Scant digitalization experts to cover rapid changes in digital scene Threat 0.01 3 0.03

T8 Old fashioned e-governance strategies not matching fast pacing digital changes Threat 0.01 1 0.01

Total 1.00 3.24

 Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
Building Healthy Egyptian platform Creating Egyptian Health
Key Factors Weight for health data recording and Anticipation system using AI and
follow up Bigdata technology
Attractiveness Total Attractiveness Total

Score Attractiveness Score Attractiveness

Strengths
S1 Highly specialized skilled doctors in nearly all specialties 0.3 2 0.6 4 1.2

S2 Young population can help as a young healthcare stuff 0.1 2 0.2 1 0.1

S3 Easy reach on digital platforms (High mobile reach) 0.48 4 1.92 2 0.96

S4 Scientific cooperation and knowledge transfer between doctors, private and 0.24 2 0.48 4 0.96
governmental hospitals as well as Universities hospitals.

S5 Universal Health Insurance new system 0.28 3 0.84 3 0.84

S6 Newly established regulatory Authorities e.g.: Egyptian Drug Authority, Unified Medical 0.21 3 0.63 3 0.63
Procurement Authority, hospital auditing ...etc.

Weakness
W1 No National medical insurance 0.27 1 0.27 1 0.27

W2 Moderate knowledge linking with international institutions, hospitals, academics. etc. 0.09 1 0.09 3 0.27

W3 Lack of specialized educational programs and inefficient use of Stuff with masters or 0.08 1 0.08 3 0.24
PhD degrees

W4 Fear of change in health practice in Egypt and fear of loss of jobs. 0.12 3 0.36 1 0.12

W5 No clear job descriptions, job roles or workflow with high workload 0.02 2 0.04 1 0.02

W6 No IT advisors and IT data entry personnel within different MOH hospitals, clinics ...etc. with 0.24 4 0.96 3 0.72
high cost of IT adoption

W7 Shortage of competent stuff in some critical specialties. 0.32 2 0.64 2 0.64

W8 Lack of professional reporting structure. 0.15 4 0.6 4 0.6

W9 Lack of clear practice guidelines and health information disintegration. 0.1 3 0.3 4 0.4

W10 No motivation or reward criteria 0.15 1 0.15 1 0.15

3.15

Opportunities
O1 Recently introduced highly efficient IT infrastructure country wide 0.52 4 2.08 4 2.08

O2 No cultural or social barriers for ICT usage 0.1 4 0.4 2 0.2

O3 Increasing health awareness among population specially after COVID19 0.15 3 0.45 1 0.15

O4 Availability of stuff exchange programs 0.1 2 0.2 2 0.2

O5 eGovernment changes in other industries making health digitalization as a smooth process 0.24 3 0.72 3 0.72

O6 Highly digital utilization by all stakeholder make it easier for awareness and implementation 0.36 4 1.44 4 1.44

O7 New generations of HCP’s and MOH personnel are very eager to utilize new technologies 0.4 3 1.2 4 1.6

O8 Economic and political stability 0.1 2 0.2 3 0.3

O9 Home care and nursing home especially after COVID19 are more needed now 0.02 2 0.04 1 0.02

O10 Newly introduced technology with open source solutions e.g.: blockchain, Cloud computing 0.44 4 1.76 4 1.76

Threats
T1 Data under security and hacking threats 0.4 4 1.6 4 1.6

T2 Change resistance of implementation 0.15 3 0.45 1 0.15

T3 Floating exchange rate 0.08 2 0.16 1 0.08

T4 Disease outbreaks 0.09 2 0.18 1 0.09

T5 Changes in medicine resistance and antibiotic resistance 0.02 1 0.02 1 0.02

T6 Limited support from other governmental organizations 0.03 1 0.03 2 0.06

T7 Scant digitalization experts to cover rapid changes in digital scene 0.03 2 0.06 3 0.09

T8 Old fashioned e-governance strategies not matching fast pacing digital changes 0.01 2 0.02 2 0.02

3.24
19.17 18.17

Based on QSPM output having a system to track all of Egyptians health data is one of the best strategies to work on. The service

development (Product Development) strategy to provide citizens with new type of service enhancing medical health sector

output.
 Strategic Objectives for Digitalization

 Register 100% of heath sector activities and data using blockchain and cloud hosting technology within 5
years.
 To train 70% of all health care sector workforce to use health technology within 3 years.
 Build ICT infrastructure in 75% of MOH centers along Egypt before 2025.
 Cover 100% of Egyptians health sector needs with latest health technology and automation before 2025.
 Increase health service quality by nearly 100% using digital learning module system and online training
within 3 years.
 Implementation Matrix
Functional Area Functional Objective Policies / Procedures KPI's

Number of operations done

Production Using AI and bigdata to organize operations based on priority
Decrease operations waiting list by 50%
and based on availability of beds, OR and specialists. Waiting time till operation execution

Training HCP’s using latest technologies such as AR and VR. Number of qualified HCP’s
Quality
Building and maintaining medical guidelines for all HCP’s and
Increase health service quality by 80%
updating with evidence-based medicine to achieve the Operations success rate
highest

Increase awareness about diseases, infectious Conducting 5 Marketing Campaigns through different digital Generating about 200Million Impressions per year
Marketing
diseases and antibiotic abuse by 90% platforms
Number of engagements on digital platforms

Creation of VR programs for HCP’s Number of VR scenes

R&D Develop two digital platforms
created Recording system
Enhancing health sector recording system
entries

Hire 100 IT executive On hands training sessions and number or built

HR Increase health sector qualified talents by 40%

New training plan infrastructure. Applying 10 training program

Drug shortage
Wise using of inventory with the help of AI and
Finance Fulfilling up to 80% of healthcare needs
nationwide inventory management system.
Medical equipment availability

Control Matrix simulation*

Planned Goals Achieved Goals Deviances Possible Reasons Corrective
Actions

Decrease operations waiting list Effective plan or any reason

Decrease operations waiting list by 50% 0% If any, how to?
by how much?
for deviances to be mentioned

Effective plan or any reason If any, how to?

Increased by? 0% for deviances to be mentioned
Increase health service quality by 80%

If any, how to?

Increase awareness about diseases, infectious Effective plan or any reason
How much was the increase? 0%
for deviances to be mentioned
diseases and antibiotic abuse by

90% Effective plan or any reason for

Develop two digital platforms If any, how to?
How many platforms developed? 0% deviances to be mentioned

Effective plan or any reason for If any, how to?

Increase health sector qualified talents by 40% Qualified talents increased by …? 0% deviances to be mentioned

Effective plan or any reason for

Fulfilling up to 80% of healthcare needs If any, how to?
Any shortage in healthcare needs? 0% deviances to be mentioned

*To be applied at the end of plan duration 2025. Grey cells are examples only.
 EVALUATION MATRIX
Standard Planned Goals Achieved Goals Deviance Possible reason Corrective Action

Financial

Customer

Learning & Growth

Internal Processes

Social Responsibilities

Environmental

*To be applied at the end of plan duration 2025. Grey cells are examples only.
 References
 Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics website
 Ministry of Finance website – the state of general budget
 Ministry of Communications and Information Technology
 Egypt2030 strategic book and website
 DataReportal site for digital data, insights, and trends
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and SWOT Analysis
 Digital transformation and public services: societal impacts in Sweden and
beyond
/ edited by Anthony Larsson and Robin Teigland.
 Australia’s National Digital Health Strategy
 Malaysia country health plan 2011- 2015 (1 care for 1 Malaysia)
 Digitalization and Health Care- a Report to the Swedish Government's
Expert Group on Public Economics
 Hussein R, Khalifa A. Telemedicine in Egypt: SWOT analysis and future trends.
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