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The history of Finland dates back to the prehistoric era, with evidence of human
settlements in the region dating back to the Stone Age. Over the centuries, Finland
was inhabited by various tribes and ethnic groups, including the Sami people, who
still have a significant presence in northern Finland today.
During the Middle Ages, Finland was ruled by the Swedish Empire, and it remained a
part of Sweden until the early 19th century, when it was annexed by Russia. Under
Russian rule, Finland experienced a period of Russification, with the Russian
language and culture being imposed on the Finnish people.
In 1917, Finland declared its independence from Russia, and a new democratic
government was established. During World War II, Finland fought two wars against
the Soviet Union, known as the Winter War and the Continuation War. Despite being
vastly outnumbered and outgunned, the Finnish army put up a fierce resistance, and
Finland managed to maintain its independence.
Today, Finland is a democratic republic with a high standard of living and a strong
economy. The country is known for its technological innovation, design, and
education system, which consistently ranks among the best in the world. Finland is
also home to a rich cultural heritage, including the famous epic poem "Kalevala" and
the music of the composer Jean Sibelius.