Lesson #2

Outline: SinusoidaI Steady-State Analysis

 Phasor analysis
 Properties of phasors
 Representation of state-space equations
 Transfer function
 Kirchhoff’s Laws in the Frequence Domain
Let's remember the complex numbers:

addition of complex numbers:

multiplication and division of the complex numbers:

𝒛̅ is complex conjugate of z

for dividing two complex numbers, we multiply the denominator by its

complex conjugate, so we get a real number in the denominator.
Examples:
The solution is defined for det(jwI-A)≠0, which means jw≠λ, input
signal frequency is not equal to natural frequency.
Proof:
w=2πf=1, f=1/2π, T=1/f=2π=6,26 sec.
The Kirchhoff voltage law also satisfies in frequency domain
BV=0 and BtV=0