Renal/Genitourinary System [ANATOMIC ANO PHYSIOLOGIC OVERVIEW: The renal and urinary systems Inde the hanes, ureters laser, ond wet, Sale of beanshaped, browned structures lected eetropertonealy (behind end ouside the peritoneal covty) on the poster wall of the ndomen \ a vied nto wea: functional units ofthe Kido) fren fone pe Regulator o emcees Repinon fost Cael easce relatos ee Rosterase Replion ed Begg osc aaa | gels ard then nto the ates, wich are Tanefromsur tubes that connect each ney thevmiest passer through the pen im the ermal, opens ust anterior the vans $ Urine Formation Tear henan boty composed of approximately orator CUiesormed in tne neplvons throu » comes rete proces: 1 Gomera fvaion Cpe reste esssorstion rr The norms ood flow trough he kidney about MR blood flows into the glomeruks from an Mtecent ave, tation cu. The. titrate normaly costs of wate, lectrohes, and oer smal moles, whereas larger ‘molecules saya he bloodstream “Tubular reabsorption and Tubular secretion: “he second and the steps of urine fogration ‘cca ternal ble Restiorion and sretion inthe tubsle ‘requenty inv patsne and aie tranioor and may require the seo eet. Tes a hormone tat setfeted by the paste: portion of the piutang gland in response to wen emanates | trate nt Dood oxmoaity tends to nerease, simulating ADH release OW then acts onthe Kdney, increasing reabiortion of wate and thereby returning the | smolty of he blood to normal ‘smovsny Ilr he RUSSATH an endgncts este prod of stl ‘anc ned he ame sed ermine rnc # good mesure ofthe ‘Somers ator ate (6). con I ete one mace HE pete ae so SS eactomerenee Soi the mace aged od an es han S010 sess: ‘hioing © oie heath histor, requis ‘elem caminoncton aise many fates ore embarassed or unconforabe {tsunggentownoy fncton or smgtons, Inguresbot Pe olowing Patent ie complemen 4 Hotory f urinary tract ifecions + Tora tabs, sata, oF rs + fay reigton or ter redistonsbegtaten Common tet of real function cide rey bloed urea nitrogen eve ‘ney, dat i elite 08) may be petormed Sem sooo Mr Twit tte vey 2 egal vd toey eave one 4 Selig craton gt oa ram sven Ss Unespaned sat real fre + Glmersopaties ore the Bopsy is cared ov, congvton Being tendencies + Moridobesty ‘The patient maybe precibed a fasting regimen toshoutsuclore he test Patents with common genet ‘ond requre a ‘sessment and cote montorng AWEIGHT— te mos accurate instr of ido or in an acutely patient. Ag weigh gon eu second leading use hE umber of Slt pats ina Llogam of water 000m of eae a an umbels tem ta[stage | fdney damage with normal or incensed Gra Seed | Wi decenen R [Stages | Moderate decrease mT [Stages | Severe decease nc stage | Hr fire (SD) ‘REM LER Roi Manazenent 1 TWennent of he undering ases 2 Replr cal andisbortoryassinet oheep {he BP blow 30/8 3. arte ori fra replacement therapies 4. Smoking cessation, weight ss, and exercbe programs aneded Harcenngof Most often due to 2 and aise Management: 1 Treatment is an aggresive anthypetensne loner afar ney become re, edematous, and congenial Compliatons ince: hy sncepslpathy, hear fale, ag puna Management: may ncde contig rmanaping yperteron? eowolingprotenars aii Sats oy be preserves Crbanysites re sien ber co powdery ond reduce the ‘tabi proton 6. Palen eoucton Is deeted toward implom management and moniter Iongomplintons 27 Weal or home cate maybe inated My © type of real ature character by Ny Pereased” elomentar permeabity and “QD rained by massive proton. VF Gincat ndings nts ypostuminema ig serum cholesterol ypetipensa Major mantestaton: EDEMA Management: ‘Disretisfor edema Uipsttowerng agents for hyperemia [Adequate startin to patent eas ‘medications and tary regimens (eon en ene ere trorthotmmers ana theg Mien ens fem ne tne gt str soweye eee Sem and ston of Paige font non ten agen rat Temas pows feo, secopmen read eset nd gad tony ear Moverment Tne Re veer tt pian tr creel pes Ep ve cations te rece aoe: MSE sng an costing my be lore Z en oe Site err eget: Pre peptone) 7 SSRs tome vey toe adeno 2.Otguria Management Wairaining fd baonce Drcding Mid excesses Proving rena replceman herpy Patnt monitored or hyperalem Dhuretc agent re often use to contrat Mid volume ed rest Promoting pulmonar function Preventing infection Proving skincare Proving poyehoseel support, gerne The seventy of ns and sypoms depends 9 Uinderying condos andthe ten ge otenatcompistons ypericiemia 1 Perea, pericardial effusion. andManazement 1 fearypenenare and Cargowsar rice Baas Teena nerACTMENTTVERAPIS + ahs: 17 rps Hamada RR, aD. mods = se or tents who ae satel Ian rae shaeter ys yo wee] tr pts wth sre cx a SAO whe ‘epcerent hey. Peer sta rere to 26 an atic membrane, eplacng the renal glomerul ad oules the ier tempo ne ' > Completions: Epcot o sorts of beath ports may ocr £m Daye deogtbrim | Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies ( cna pom he oe Te soocinoneacr «OP = mn ui za SN | ‘toxic substances and metaboli 0 me ce cet De, Ca ee ome | a A om te 1 Poimelvesasenes fetes ores: renange bs deigedge te tion (i, Gea dilate. > Compt is st common) st sn | Sefawevine i TATION: ves ronplning ney rom ving donor or deceased donot to 2 Tepe who no leet Preoperative management gus incude bringing repens metabot sate toa evel coe 10 oval as posable \ repre manent ‘rec OFTHE URINARY TRACT em a mitoranimain he tay seo 1 Ghrened natura tos 5 eine coating Bani ri i come oie ot oe Sine see Fete io fis (weer she betcha) anata re ave (ect, ‘Sus spies eos, kone 4 Frequent oidng (ere 2 sncoureged Cnet sessment of al sans and le! ot 2 hows) ‘Una INCONTINENCE: Inetntry ssf urine rom the blader, rs: sess Incontinence = involuntary lst of re ‘rouph an tat urethra os 2 rest of SOME ‘outing, changing postion. > Urge continence = ielurary los of wie recited with 210g ure to wo that cnt be suppresed > Functional incontinence = sefers to tote Instances i which lower urinary ae ifecion inact but oer factors such ab ser Cantive/phyiclimparmert make et the patient oder the need ovis. > tawogeni continence = refers tothe veh tows ef urine due fo entinoe mesial 2c predominant medications. > Mined urinary Incontinence = enconpsieh Several types of incontinence, 1 mole ‘San eo, sen rc er rye erecy soe ot rte ‘Ceo! egy etn ‘humana oro compbentons . teres roepheoes ot warmers tb fe so sare (ct rey. respec Sigs and sygtons 68 ‘Sac, con ‘erat soe retleakage associated with urgency and alto with ‘exertion effort, sneering. or coughing. st Factors for Urinary incontinence: Pregnancy: vaginal delivery, episiotomy Menopause Genitourinary surgery ‘mmabiy High impact exercise Dabetesielits stroke Morbid obesity RK ‘Management 1 Behavioral therapy Pete floor muse everses [sometimes cated Kegel exercise) 3. Pharmacologie therapy anticholnrgc gents) 4 Surleal coercion may be ndeated ‘UnINany RETENTION 's the inablty to empty the bladder completely uring attempts to vod. ‘may rel rom diabetes, prostate enlargement, Urethral pathology (infection, tuner, clues}, ‘rauma, tegraney, or europe deere compleaos: ‘an leadto chronic nections predispose the patient to renal al relonenérts sepsis hyatonephres ‘Management: Promoting unary elimination Encourage normal oiing patterns Proud pracy Apply warm compress othe psn Witen the patient annot voi, on sed to prevent overstention of 6 halereanii tig [NEUROGENIC BLADDER: Ris sanction re from a sion ofthe Refer to stones (aul) nthe urinary tract and ney, respectively manitestaions ‘Signs and symptoms depend on ‘bstuction infection, and edema Hematuris fen present presence of Management: ¥ Stones lodged in the weter cause sete, excruciating, cobety, wavelke pan, radiating down the hgh andthe gents ‘toes ledged in the badder usually produce Symptoms of irtaton and maybe anced with ‘Opioid aragei sgents un SADE 2 Wot baths or moist het tthe flank aps helt Natrona therapy Increased inate sry) infusions of SWE estracorporea sho Chemolss, stone dis ‘emia ations SS dieted by impanting the ureter Into 2 oop of leum that fed out through the ‘oor ana aby “he patient ad family are aupht to apy and cenange the apoiance coin Sr