UNIVERSITY KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL AND

BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

LATEX SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY LAB REPORT

EXPERIMENT 4: TO TEST AND

COMPARE LATEX CONCENTRATE
VISCOSITY AND ZINC OXIDE
VISCOSITY (ZOV) OF HA AND LA
LATEX COMPOUNDS
PREPARED BY:

MOHD HAFEEZ SAMSUDIN

55100204002
SECTION 1A

Experiment 4: To Test And Compare Latex Concentrate Viscosity And Zinc Oxide 1
Viscosity (ZOV) of HA And LA Latex Compounds
 RESULT AND DATA

DETERMINATION OF VISCOSITY OF LATEX DATASHEET

Result
Speed (rpm)
Spindle 6
No. Reading Reading Reading Average Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average
6 30 60
1 2 3 readings 1 2 3 Viscosity
1 10 2 1 15 15 16 15.333333 150 150 160 153.333333
2 50 10 5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 175 175 175 175
3 200 40 20 1 1 1 1 200 200 200 200
4 1000 200 100 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 500 500 500 500

Result
30
Reading Reading Reading Average Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average
1 2 3 readings 1 2 3 Viscosity
50 48 48 48.66667 100 96 96 97.3333
10 10 9.5 9.833333 100 100 95 98.3333
3 3 3 3 120 120 120 120
1 1 1 1 200 200 200 200

Result
60
Reading Reading Reading Average Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average
1 2 3 readings 1 2 3 Viscosity
79 79.5 79 79.1667 79 79.5 79 79.1667
16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 82.5 82.5 82.5 82.5
5 4.5 5 4.83333 100 90 100 96.6667
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 150 150 150 150

Experiment 4: To Test And Compare Latex Concentrate Viscosity And Zinc Oxide 2
Viscosity (ZOV) of HA And LA Latex Compounds
DETERMINATION OF ZINC OXIDE VISCOSITY (ZOV) DATASHEET

Assume to used 100g of latex with 61.24% of TSC

1% Potassium oleate = (1/100) x 61.24

= 0.61g

0.5% Ammonium sulphate = (0.5/100) x 61.24

= 0.31g

5% ZnO = (5/100) x 61.24

= 3.1g

Dispersion in 100g latex:-

In 20% solution, 20g of potassium oleate in 100g = (100/20) x 0.61

= 3.05g

In 10% solution, 10g of Ammonium sulphate in 100g = (100/10) x 0.31

= 3.1g

In 40% dispersion, 40g of ZnO in 100g = (100/40) x 3.1

= 7.75g

Dispersion in 550g latex:-

Potassium oleate in 550g = 5.5 x 3.05g

= 16.775g

Ammonium sulphate in 550g = 5.5 x 3.1g

= 17.05g

ZnO in 550g = 5.5 x 7.75g

= 42.625g

Experiment 4: To Test And Compare Latex Concentrate Viscosity And Zinc Oxide 3
Viscosity (ZOV) of HA And LA Latex Compounds
 Minute
3 5
(min)
Spindle No.

Speed (rpm) 60 60

Reading Reading Reading Average Reading Reading Reading Average

6 30 60
1 2 3 readings 1 2 3 readings

20.5 21 22 21.1667 21.5 22 22.5 22

Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average
2 50 10 5
1 2 3 Viscosity 1 2 3 Viscosity
102.5 105 110 105.833 107.5 110 112.5 110

Minute (min) 10 15
Spindle No.

Speed (rpm) 60 60

Reading Reading Reading Average Reading Reading Reading Average

6 30 60
1 2 3 readings 1 2 3 readings

2 2 1.5 1.83333 2 2 1.5 1.83333

Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average Viscosity Viscosity Viscosity Average
4 1000 200 100
1 2 3 Viscosity 1 2 3 Viscosity
200 200 150 183.333 200 200 150 183.333

DISCUSSION

From the result given for the latex viscosity test, shows that the average viscosity of the
latex is decrease proportionally with the changes of times and spindles. While for the
Zinc Oxide Viscosity Test (ZOV) shows that the average viscosity is increase
proportionally with the changes of times and spindles but it stop increasing at the minutes
of 10th.

The viscosity of the latex is decrease because latex is a non-Newtonian liquid. It is a

shear-thinning liquid that is its viscosity decrease with increase in shear rate. The
spinning force of viscometer producing the shear stress. For the Zinc Oxide Viscosity
Test (ZOV), the viscosity of the latex is increasing because the when the Zinc Oxide is
dispersed into the latex the gelation is produced caused by the reaction between the Zinc
Oxide and the presence of the ammonia salts in the latex. The dissolved Zinc Oxide
reacted with the ammonia to form amine complex and the amine complex tend to form
insoluble soap with fatty acid anions charge. The anions charges then absorbed by the
negative charges at the surface of the rubber globules, these anions connect the negative
charges with each other. This symptom will lead to the gelling and increase of viscosity.
The viscosity stops at the minute of 10th shows that the Zinc Oxide ions and the fatty acid
anions charge is completely reacted.

In order to overcome the decreasing of the latex viscosity in this experiment, the
temperature latex must be 25OC.But the presence of bubbles on the latex surfaces must be
avoided because bubbles contain Oxygen which can oxidize the latex which leads to
putrefaction. Can be assumed that the type of latex used in this experiment is low
ammonia latex. Based on the result of Zinc Oxide Viscosity Test (ZOV), the latex

Experiment 4: To Test And Compare Latex Concentrate Viscosity And Zinc Oxide 4
Viscosity (ZOV) of HA And LA Latex Compounds
viscosity is lower than 183 centipoises which is needed an auxiliary sensitizer to be added
same to the low ammonia latex which is needed secondary preservatives.

CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, can be assumed that the type of latex used in this experiment is low
ammonia latex. Based on the result of Zinc Oxide Viscosity Test (ZOV), the latex
viscosity is lower than 183 centipoises which is needed an auxiliary sensitizer to be added
same to the low ammonia latex which is needed secondary preservatives.

TUTORIALS

What is the importance of ZOV?

The importance of determining the Zinc Oxide Viscosity or ZOV is claimed that the ZOV
test gives good indication of the foam rubber processability by the silicofluoride gelation
process and this test also can determine the effect of storage on high and low ammonia
lattices under different temperature, this is good for determining the lasting time of the
latex especially for the latex that need to be exported.

Experiment 4: To Test And Compare Latex Concentrate Viscosity And Zinc Oxide 5
Viscosity (ZOV) of HA And LA Latex Compounds