CONSTITUENT – The power to propose amendments
REVIEWER IN PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
EXECUTIVE BRANCH – tasked with execution of laws of the state
as well as creating and implementing government policies and programs.
PRESIDENT- is entitled to a large set of powers and responsibilities
- As head of state he or she is recognized as the representative of the
country in international functions- respect and recognition
- As head of government, they take on the main responsibilities of
governance and has several functions – overseeing LGU, acting
commander chief of the Armed Foces of The Philippines
- Has the authority to issue executive order and pronouncements
QUASI LAWS – have the effect of laws
PRONOUNCEMENTS – Have the power of law as they are enforced by the
various branches of government.
WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS – Evidences to proclare
PRESIDENT – VICE PRESIDENT – SENATE PRESIDENT – SPEAKER OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH – Includes the specific powers of
appropriation, taxation, and expropriation.
- Senate and House of representatives
- The authority of congress under the constitution to make laws and
repeal them
- The Congress of the Philippines makes laws of the republic
LAW - general rule for the conduct of members of the community
emanating from the government authority and habitually enforced by some
public authority by the imposition of sanctions or penalties for its violation
ELECTORAL – the senate elects its President and the House of
Representative elects its Speaker.
EXECUTIVE – exercises certain powers of an executive nature.
JUDICIAL – Holds the power to impeach the president.
RULE OF LAW – a principle centered on the belief that a state should be
governed by laws and not by the arbitrary decision of leaders or
government officials.
CONSTITUTION – the supreme law of the land
ORGANIC LAW – or a law that describes and organizes the government that
will run the state
1987 CONSTITUTION – the organic law of the fifth Philippine Republic
REPUBLIC ACT – are laws which create policies to carry out the principles
stated in the constitution.
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW – activities or actions of government agencies and
Dept.
CIVIL SERVICE LAW – pertains to public service
CIVIL LAW – rights and duties of individuals
CRIMINAL LAW – address crimes
LABOR LAW – employers and workers
COMMERCIAL LAW – trade concerns, goods
TAXATION LAW – identifies, determines and regulates the type of taxes to
be levied.
EXECUTIVE ORDERS – rules based on the powers of the president as head of
the executive branch
ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS – laws which are enacted to help the president
improve his or her management of the government.
PROCLAMATIONS – primarily set dates of national local interest, such as
holidays and commemorations. Also cover declaration of states of
emergency as well as martial law.
OFFICIAL GAZETTE – contains compilation of all the laws and constitutions
promulgated in the Philippines since 1901
THE PHILIPPINE CONGRESS
- 24 senators
- House of Representatives must be composed of 250 members.
JUDICIAL BRANCH - Is considered the “supreme arbiter” or judge
and mediator of controversies and disputes on law and the rights of citizens.
SUPREME COURT – highest court in the land
ALL COURTS – Original Jurisdiction
HIGHER COURTS – appellate jurisdiction
JUSTICES – 15 in totatl. 1 Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justice, among them
is the senior associate justice.
COURT OF APPEALS – second highest court in the country
- One presiding justice and 69 Associate Justice
SANDIGANBAYAN – specialized court that hears cases involving violations
committed by public officials.
COURT OF TAX APPEALS – hears cases concerning tax collection.
BAIL – a payment given by the accused to secure his or her release from
custody.
ARRAIGNMENT – accused is brough to court
PRE – TRIAL CASE – facts relating to the crime once again reviewed
TRIAL – commences after thirty days from the end of pre-trial
MOTION FOR RECONSIDENRATION – request by the accused for a new trial
APPEAL – the decision on the case may be elevated to the next court higher
for review
LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA – Arbitration and dispute settlement at the
barangay level.
ELECTION IN THE PHILIPPINES –
OMNIBUS ELECTION CODE – contains all of the rules governing the conduct
of elections in the Philippines.
COMELEC – main government agency that oversees elections in the country
- Composed of Comelec chairman and six commissioners who are all
appointed by the president.
ELECTION WATCHDOGS – organizations that keep close watch on the entire
election process.
- Parish Pastoral Council for the Responsible Voting (PPCRV)
- National Free Citizen’s Movement (NAMFREL)
ELECTION – Second Monday of May
- Last Monday of October for SK
NACIONALISTA PARTY (NP)
- Oldest political party in the Philippines. Manuel Quezon and Sergio
Osmena. Manuel Roxas separated
LAKAS CHRISTIAN MUSLIM DEMOCRATS (Lakas-CMD )
- Partido lakas tao established by fidel ramos and the National Union
of Christian Democrats formed by Raul Manglapus
PWERSA NG MASANG PILIPINO (PMP)
 - Formed by Joseph Estrada in 1991

UNITED NATIONALIST ALLIANCE

– one of the newer political parties in the Philippines . founded by former

VP Jejomar Binay

PEOPLE’S REFORM PARTY

– established by former senator Miriam Defensor Santiago

Tejeros Convention – 1897

STATE – SOCIETY INTERACTIONS

PHILIPPINE POLITICAL PARTIES – they aggregate interest demands and
educate the polity on the vital issues of the day.

105 political parties after Martial Law

135 million – limit but on 2007, it exceeds upto 25-35 %