Pag-asa ka ng

bayan tapos
hindi ka mag-
aaral mabuti.
• Rizal Enters the Ateneo. June 10, 1872, Jose,
accompanied by Paciano, went to Manila. At
first, Father Magin Ferrando, who was the
college registrar, refused to admit him for two
reasons:

(1) he was late for registration and,

(2) he was sickly and undersized for his age.
Rizal was then eleven years old.
• Manuel Xerez Burgos - because of his
intercession, nephew of Father Burgos, Rizal
was reluctantly admitted at the Ateneo.

• Jose was the first of his family to adopt the

surname “Rizal”. He registered under this
name at Ateneo because their family name
“Mercado” had come under the suspicion of
the Spanish authorities
Scholastic Triumphs at Ateneo de
Manila (1872 – 1877)
• Four months after the martyrdom of GOMBURZA
and with Doña Teodora still in prison, Jose, who
had not yet celebrated his eleventh birthday, was
sent to Manila. He studied in the Ateneo
Municipal, a college under the supervision of the
Spanish Jesuits.

• This college was a bitter rival of the Dominican-

owned Colegio de San Juan de Letran.
circa
Jesuit System of Education
• It trained the character of the student by rigid
discipline and religious instructions

Students were divided into two groups:

1. Roman Empire- consisting of internos
(boarders); red banner
2. Carthaginian Empire- composed of the
externos (non-boarders); blue banner
 TOP 5
Emperor- the best student in each “empire”
Tribune- the second best
Decurion- the third best
Centurion-the fourth best
Stand-bearer- the fifth best
Fourth Year in Ateneo.

• June 16, 1875 - Rizal became an interno in the

Ateneo.

• Padre Francisco de Paula Sanchez - a great

educator and scholar, one of Rizal’s professors
who inspired him to study harder and to write
poetry.

• Rizal topped all his classmates in all subjects and

won five medals at the end of the school term.
Last Year in Ateneo (1876-1877)

Rizal’s studies continued to fare well. As a

matter-of-fact, he excelled in all subjects. The
most brilliant Atenean of his time, he was
truly “the pride of the Jesuits”.

• March 23, 1877 - Commencement Day, Rizal,

who was 16 years old, received from his Alma
Mater, Ateneo Municipal, the degree of
Bachelor of Arts, with highest honors.
“It's necessary to
have wished for
death in order to
know how good it
is to live.”

― Alexandre Dumas, The

Count of Monte Cristo
• Doña Teodora wanted him to stop pursuing
further studies

Couldn’t decide with his course:

• Theology
• Agriculture
• Literature
• Law
• Medicine
Medical Studies at the University of
Santo Tomas (1877 – 1882)
• In April 1877, Rizal who was then nearly 16
years old, matriculated in the University
of Santo Tomas, taking the
course of Philosophy and
Letters because (1) his
father like it (2) he was
“still uncertain as to what
career to pursue”.

Also took Land Surveyor

in Ateneo at the same
time.
• Father Pablo Ramon - Rector of Ateneo, who
had been good to him during his student days
in that college, asking for advice on the choice
of a career but unfortunately he was in
Mindanao.

• It was during the following term (1878-1879)

that Rizal, having received the Ateneo Rector’s
advice to study medicine.
Unhappy days at the UST
• Rizal found the atmosphere at the University of
Santo Tomas suffocating to his sensitive spirit. He
was unhappy at this Dominican institution of
higher learning because

(1) the Dominican professors were hostile to him

(2) the Filipino students were racially
discriminated against by the Spaniards
(3) the method of instruction was obsolete and
repressive
• In Rizal’s novel, El Filibusterismo, he described
how the Filipino students were humiliated and
insulted by their Dominican professors and
how backward the method of instruction was,
especially in the teaching of the natural
sciences. He related in Chapter XIII, “The Class
in Physics”
• Companerismo (Comradeship) - Rizal founded
a secret society of Filipino students in
University of Santo Tomas in 1880 to uplift the
morale and spirit of being a Filipino.
 FIRST TRIP TO EUROPE
• May 1, 1882- left the
Philippines when he
was 20 yrs old.
• Jose Mercado- the
name he used.
• Spanish Steamer
Salvadora- the name of
the ship that Rizal
boarded to Singapore;
he was the only Indio
onboard.
 SINGAPORE
• Arrived on May 9, 1882.

• -Rizal received royal treatment not only with

regard to his lodging but also in his visits to
centers, museums, and establishments,
which would add to his cultural growth.
• French steamer Djemnah- Steamer that he
boarded going to Europe.
• It traveled thru the Suez Canal (built by
Ferdinand de Lesseps), when it opened on
Nov. 17, 1869, the time travel from Spain to
the Philippines was reduced from about 300
days to only 45 days.
• Rizal traveled for about 47 days.
• MARSEILLES
-he visited Chateau d’If
(where Dantes of the
Count of Monte Cristo
was imprisoned)

• BARCELONA
-He was warmly welcomed by the Filipinos there.
-He did not have a good impression of the city,
though, partly because of the lodged at the narrow
and dirty Calle de San Pablo at Fonda de España.
 MADRID, SPAIN
• Rizal moved to Madrid to continue his
education at Universidad Central de Madrid.
• He was disappointed by the kind of life being
led by majority of the Filipino students there,
who spent their days either in cafes or in
gambling dens.
• Where he joined the Masonic lodge Acacia
FRANCE
• He was then 24 and a full
surgeon
• Went to Paris to
specialize in
ophthalmology so he
could operate on his
mother, whose eyesight
was failing.

• Dr. Louis de Wecker- to

whom Rizal worked as an
assistant for 4 months
 GERMANY
• HEIDELBERG
• He became popular among
the German students because
of the chess games and drank
beer with them.
• He then devoted his mornings
to specializing in
ophthalmology and his
afternoons to studying the
German language.

• University Eye Hospital-

Where he worked under the
direction of Dr. Otto Becker.
 GERMANY
• LEIPZIG
• Where he attended lectures on history and
psychology at the University of Leipzig.
• Where Rizal translated Schiller’s William Tell
(the champion of Swiss independence) as well
as Andersen’s fairy tales (little mermaid, the
ugly duckling, Thumbelina, little match girl)
GERMANY
• DRESDEN
• Where he met Dr. A.B.
Meyer, a naturalist at
Dresden University
who showed him a
number of interesting
things that he had
taken from Palaos
Islands and from
certain tombs in the
Philippines.
 GERMANY
• BERLIN
• Where he planned to stay
for 6 weeks to publish his
first novel.

• Dr. Feodor Jagor- author of

“Travels in the Philippines”,
a book that Rizal had read
and admired during his
student days in Manila and
personally met in Berlin.

• After the publication, Rizal

and Maximo Viola started
their grand tour of Europe
GRAND TOUR TO EUROPE
• Dresden – regional floral exposition
• Leitmeritz – met Ferdinand
Blumentritt
• Prague – tomb of Copernicus;
museums; San Juan Nepumuceno
cave
• Vienna – “Queen of the Danube”
• Munich – best beer in Germany
• Rheinfall – most beautiful waterfalls
in Germany
• Geneva (Switzerland) – one of the
most beautiful cities in Europe
• Italy – Turin, Milan, Venice, Florence
• Rome – “eternal city” “city of
Ceasars”
• Vatican – “City of the Popes”
Summary
• Education is not just to read and write but to
make use of it for their own advantages and to
utilize the knowledge for their growth.

• Literacy is meant as the ability to read and

write, whereas education is finding out the
reason behind everything and using the
reading-writing skills to improve their lives.
• Education is the ability to think, apply it in the
world and to know the value of life. It doesn’t
limit with self-education, but also to spread it
to every human around us. There is no end for
education, as in each and every stage of
human life we learn something.

• We study to LEARN and not just to EARN.