Thermal Energy

Thermal energy is used to :

1. to raise the temperature of an object
2. to change the state of the matter.

Specific Heat Capacity (Kalor jenis)

: Energy needed to raise the temperature of a unit mass (1 kg) by1 oC
or oK
c = Q/(m.𝚫T)

Exercise

1. 4 kg of water is heated from 20 oC to 50 oC. If the specific heat

capacity of water is 4200 J/kg oC, find the thermal energy needed.

2. To raise the temperature of 2 kg of matter from 5oC until 25oC, it is

needed 75.000 J of thermal energy. Find the specific heat capacity of
the matter.

Latent Heat of Fusion (Lf)

Thermal energy required to change solid into liquid.
Lv = lf x m where Lv = latent heat of fusion (J)
lf = specific latent heat of fusion (J/kg)
m = mass of substance (kg)
Example:
If the specific latent heat of fusion of ice cream is 340 000 J/kg, find the
thermal energy released when 2 g of liquid ice cream solidifies at its
freezing point.

Solutio
given : m = 5 kg
lf = 340 000 J/kg
Lf = lf x m =

Tf = ((m1 x T1) + (m2 x T2)) / (m1 + m2)

m1 = (m2 x 𝚫T2)/𝚫T1

200 gram of water at 90 oC is mixed with 300 gram of water at 20 oC.

Calculate the final temperature of the mixed water.

150 gram of hot water whose temperature is 90oC is mixed-up with cold
water which has a temperature of 10oC. The final temperature is 40oC. find
the mass of the cold water.
The phase AB = pure solid
The phase BC = solid + liquid (melting) (the ice reaches the melting point)
The phase CD = pure liquid
The phase DE = liquid + gas (boiling) (the ice reaches the boiling point)