March 6, 2023

Assignment in
NURSING INFORMATICS (NuCM 110)

Student Name: Janiela Ritchel B. Daniel BSN 2-A

1. Highlight briefly the historical perspective of
nursing and computers

SEVEN TIME PERIODS

1. Prior to the 1960s

a. Developed in the late 1930s and early 1940s

b. Use in healthcare did not begin until the 1950s and 1960s
c. A few experts formed a cadre to adapt computers to healthcare and nursing
d. Computers in healthcare were used for administrative and accounting functions

2. 1960s
a. Use of computer technology began to be explored
b. Studies were conducted to determine how computer technology could be
utilized
c. The nurses’ station was viewed as the most appropriate center for the
development of computer applications
d. The mid-1960s presented nurses with new opportunities for computer use
e. Increased time devoted to documentation and a rise in medication errors
prompted the investigation of emerging computer-based information systems

3. 1970s
a. During the late 1960s through the 1970s, hospitals began developing computer-
based information systems which initially focused on physician order entry and results
reporting, pharmacy, laboratory, and radiology reports, information for financial and
managerial purposes, and physiologic monitoring systems in the intensive care units.
b. A few systems started to include care planning, decision support, and
interdisciplinary problem lists.
c. Nurses were often involved in implementing systems
d. Interest in computers and nursing began to emerge in public and home health
and education
e. Hospitals and public health agencies embarked on investigating computers and
nursing
f. The opportunity to improve education using computer technology also began

4. 1980s
a. The field of nursing informatics exploded and became visible in the healthcare
and nursing
1. Highlight briefly the historical perspective of
nursing and computers

b. The nursing profession needed to update its practice standards and

determine its data standards, vocabularies,
and classification schemes that could
be used for the computer- based patient record systems
c. The microcomputer or personal computer (PC) emerged during this period
d. In 1985, the ANA approved the formation of the Council on Computer
Applications in Nursing (CCAN)
e. CCAN became a very powerful force in integrating computer applications into
the nursing profession

5. 1990s
a. Advances in relational databases, client-server architectures, and new
programming methods
b. Better application development at lower costs
c. The complexity of technology, workflow analysis, and regulations shaped new
roles in nursing
d. The purpose of Information systems was to guide the development and selection
of nursing systems that included standardized nursing terminologies integrated
throughout the system

6. 2000s
a. More healthcare information became digitalized and newer technologies
emerged
b. In 2004 an Executive Order 13335
(1) Established the Office of the National Coordinator (ONC) for Healthcare
Information Technology (HIT)
(2) Issued a recommendation calling for all healthcare providers to adopt
interoperable electronic health records (EHRs) by 2014/2015
c. Smaller mobile devices with wireless or Internet access increased access to
information for nurses within hospitals and in the community
d. The Internet provided a means for development of clinical applications
e. The nursing informatics research agenda promoted the integration of nursing
care data in HIT systems that would also generate data for analysis, reuse, and
aggregation
1. Highlight briefly the historical perspective of
nursing and computers

7. 2010s

a. The impact of the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) demonstrated that
continued consensus and effort was needed to bring to fruition the vision and
implementation of minimum nursing data into clinical practice
b. Consists of the regulations which built onto each other with the ultimate goal of
implementing a complete an interoperable EHR and/or HIT system in all US hospitals
c. The Quality Indicators are used to guide hospitals in patient safety and if not
implemented used as indicators subject to financial penalties

2. Identify major landmark events and milestones of

nursing computers

LANDMARK EVENTS IN NURSING AND COMPUTERS

Major Milestones
1. Computers were introduced into the nursing profession over 40 years ago

2. Major milestones of nursing are interwoven with the advancement of computer and
information technologies

3. The increased need for nursing data, development of nursing applications, and
changes, making the nursing profession an autonomous discipline

4. There are currently several key events in which the NI community participates
a. Conferences
b. Symposia
b. Institutes
c. Workshops

5. Key events provide :

a. An opportunity for nursing informatics novices and experts to network and share
their experiences
b. Key events provide the latest information, newest exhibits, and demonstrations
3. With these historical data, what implications and/or
future knowledge would you suggest to improve the
nursing care delivery?

care delivery in implementing effective
As a student nurse, in order to improve the nursing
use of hardware, software, and electronic medical devices with the understanding of
care delivery, workflows and technology, I hereby suggest the following:

1. Global partnership- According to Frazier (2015), “The backbone of the healthcare

industry is collaboration – be it between physicians, nurses, administrators or other
hospital staff members.” This means, more collaboration is needed to ensure that all
countries have the access to numerous technologies and technology-related skill. This is
to facilitate the exchange of studies and ideas related to nursing informatics and to cater
the existing global problems with global partnerships.

2. More trainings- This will be a great help especially to local areas wherein nursing
informatics system is not well adopted. This is to train nurses especially to those who
lacks information and skills in informatics to be competent enough in using technology as
the medium of patient care and to implant formal informatics experience.

3. Research- Research expands the knowledge. So, in order to improve nursing care
delivery, there is in need of more studies to develop informatics programs at healthcare
organizations. Scientific based studies will help solve various existing problems and
contribute to various health professionals to design and development, purchase,
implementation, and evaluation of devices and information technology products.

 REFERENCES:

Saba, V. K., & McCormick, K. A. (2015). Essentials of nursing informatics (6th ed.).
McGraw-Hill Professional.

Frazier, L. (2015, April 22). The importance of collaboration. SBMI. Retrieved March 5,
2023, from https://sbmi.uth.edu/blog/apr-15/04222015.htm